TECINICAL FIELD
[0001] The prcscnt invention relates to a pesticide characterized by nlixing an
10 isoxazoline-substituted benzamide co~npoundo r a salt thereof and an active ingredient
compound of known insecticides, miticides, nematicides, molluscicides, microbicides, or
bactericides.
BACICGROUND ART
15
[0002] First active ingredient conlpounds of a composition of the present
invention, that is,
4-[5-(3,5-dichlor0phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazole-3-yl]-2-methy-N-[2-
oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)a1nino]ethyl]benzamide and
20 (Z)-4-[5-(3,5-dichlonophenyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole-3-yl]-N..(methoxyi
minomethyl)-2-methylbcnzamide, have been known as isoxazoline-substituted
benzamide compounds having activities as pesticides (see, for example, Patent
Documents 1 and 2).
[0003] Also, compounds described as active ingredient gro~tpsA to R having
25 insecticidal activities, miticidal activities, nematicidal activities, molluscicidal activities,
microbicidal activities, or bactericidal activities are second active ingredient con~pounds
of thc compositio~io f the present invention (hereinafter, abbreviated as "second active
ingredient compounds II"), and all of them are well-known (see, for exalnple, Non-Patent
Document 1).
2
[0004] In adtlition, compositions containing llrc tirst aclivc i~rgrediel~t
compound of tlre prcscnt i~~ventiotnh,a t is,
4-[5-(3,5-dichloroplrcnyl)-4,5-dil~ydro-5-(~l)isoxazole-3-yl]-2-metlryl-N-[2-
oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trill~1oroet11yl)ami~etI1yl]benzamiodre
5 (2)-4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-trifl~1oron~ethyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazolc-3-yl']-N-(melhoxyi
minornetby])-2-metliylbenzamidc and known illsecticides, miticides, nematicides,
molluscicides, microbicides, or bactericides, have also beet1 known (see, for example,
Patent Documents 3,4, and 5).
10 Prior Alt Documents
Patent Docut~lents
[0005] Patcnt Document I: W020051085216
Patent Docutnent 2: W020071026965
Patent Docunlenl3: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2009- 108046 (JP
15 2009-108046 A)
Patent Docutnent 4: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-1 53620 (JP
2012-153620 A)
Patent Document 5: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-153621 (JP
2012-153621 A)
20
Non-Patent Docutnents
100061 Non-Patent Document 1: The Pesticide Manual 16th Edition, The British
Crop Protection Council, 2012
25 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Problem to be Solved by the lnve~ltio~l
[0007] Nowadays, insecticides, miticides, and microbicides are developed ibr
controlling various pests, such as horticulture pests, forest pests, and sa~lilaryp esls, and a
3
variety of sirch chemi~~alrse prepared for actual uses. Howeuer, by irsing these
cliernicals for long years, pests have acquired insecticide resistances, and pathogens havc
acquired inicrobicidc rcsistances. Accordingly, the cases that are hard to be conii.olled
by convcntional chen~icalsh ave been it~creasingin recent years. Also, some of such
5 chemicals arc highly toxic, and gradually disturbing ecosystems by remaining in
environtnents for long years. Accordingly, developments of novel chemicals that are
low toxic and low persistent, in addition to having excellent pest control effects, have
always becn expected.
[0008] Meanwhile, when taking into account the biological diversities of insects
10 and pathogens, and varieties of their modes and situations of infliction, eificient control
of all pests in all situations is difficult by uses of only one type of such novel cl~emicals
or convcntional known chemicals. Accordingly, novel methods, in which a plurality of
insecticides, miticides, nematicides, moliuscicides, microbicides, or bactericides are
suitably coinbined so that higher control effects can bc induced, have been strongly
15 demanded in order to control harmful organisms that are difficult to control.
Means for Solving the Problem
[0009] In view of above situations, and as results of intensive studies to develop
pesticides that show excellent pest control activities, and show little adverse impact to
20 mammals, fishes, and lion-target organisms such as natural enemies and beneficial insects,
the present inventors found that a colnposition that contains an isoxazoline-substituted
benzamide co~npounda nd some known co~upoundsh aving insecticidal, ~niticidal,
nematicidal, molluscicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal activities exhibits excellent
insecticidal, miticidal, tlematicidal, molluscicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal effects
25 synergistically, which could not be expected fi.orn single uses of them, whereby the
present invention was completed.
[0010] That is, the present invention relates to co~iipositionso f [I] to [6]
(hereinafier, rcferred to as conlpositions of the present invention), and control lnethods of
[7] to [S] (hereinaftel; referred to as methods of the present invention) described in below.
4
I'JOl11 lli
An insecticidal, miticidal, ncmaticidal, tnolluscicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal
composition comprisilig at least two types oC active compounds with amounis that are
sy~levgisticallya ctive, in which thc two Lypcs of activc compouilds include:
5 1) one or two activc compound(s) I containing
4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifl~1ouometlryl)isoxazole-3-yl]-2-methyl-N-[2-
oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trifluorocthyl)aniino]ethyl]benzande or
(Z)-4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5trifluorouiethyl-4,5-dihydrojsoxazole-3-yl]-N-(methoxyi
minomethyl)-2-methylbe~~zamidean;d
10 2) one or more active compound(s) I1 selected from active ingredient groups A to R
below.
[0012] Active ingredient group A (inhibitors of nucleic acid biosyntheses):
benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, furaiaxyl, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, ofurace, oxadixyl,
bupirimate, ethirimol, and hymexazol.
15 [0013] Active ingredient group B (inhibitors of mitoscs and cell divisions):
benomyl, carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiahendazole, thiophanate-methyl, diethofencarb,
ethaboxam, zoxamide, pencycuron, and fluopicolide.
[0014] Active ingredient group C (inhibitors orrespiration): diflumetorim,
benodanil, benzovindiflupyr, hixafen, boscalid, carboxin, fenfuram, fluopyram, flutolanil,
20 fluxapyroxad, furamcipyr, isofetamid, isopyrazatn, mepronil, oxycarboxin, pcnflufen,
penthiopyrad, sedaxane, thifluzamidc, azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, dimoxyslrobin,
enestrobin, cnoxastrobin, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenaminstrobin, flufenoxystrobin,
fluoxastrobin, lzresoxim-methyl, mandestrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin,
picoxysirobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyribencah-methyl,
25 pyriminostrobin, iriclopyricab, tritloxystrobin, nmisulbron~c, yazofamid, dinocap,
fluazinam, meptyldinocap, fentin, tribulyllin oxide, silthiofam, and arnetoctradin.
[0015] Active ingredient group D (inhibitors of alnino acid biosyntheses and
proteiil biosyntheses): cyprodinil, mepanipyrini, pyrimethanil, blasticidin-S, and
Itasugainycin.
5
[001 61 Active ingredient group E (clic~i~icaalisi 'ccting signal transtluction
systc~ns)p: roquinarid, quinoxyfen, fcnpiclonil, flutlioxonil, chlozoiinate, iprotlioiic,
procymidone, andvinclozoliii.
[0017] Active ingredient group F (inhibitors of lipid sy~lliiesesa nd cell
5 membrane syntheses): edifcnphos, iprobenfos, isopuothiolane, pyrazophos, biphenyl,
chloroneb, dicloran, etuidiazole, yuinlozene, tecnazene, tolclofos-methyl, propamocarb
l~ydrochloridea, nd Bacillus subtilis (Sti-ail]: D747, FZB24, GB03, IlA10404, MBI600,
QST713, Y1336, andihe like).
[0018] Active ingredient group G (inhibitors of sterol biosynthcses):
10 azaconazolc, biterlanol, bromuconazole, climbazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazol,
difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fcnarimol,
fenbuconazolc, fluotrimazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazolc, flutriafol, furconazole,
hexaconazole, imazalil, imibenconazolc, ipconazole, metconazolc, myclobutanil,
nuarimol, oxpoconazole futnarate, pefurazoatc, pcnconazolc, procl~lorazp, ropiconazole,
15 protliioco~iazole,p yrifenox, pyrisoxazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazolc,
triadimefon, triadimenol, triflumizole, iriforine, triticonqole, aldimorph,
dodemorph-acetate, fenpropidin, fcnpropimorph, piperalin, spiroxamine, tridemorph,
fenhexamid, and fenpyrazamine.
[0019] Active ingredient group H (inhibitors of cell wall syntheses):
20 validamycin, polyoxi~~pso,l yoxin-D (polyoxorim), benthiavalicarb-isopropyl,
dimetbomorph, flumorph, iprovalicarb, mandipropamid, pyrimorph, and valife~ialate.
[0020] Active ingredient group I (inhibitors of melanin syntheses): phthalide,
pyroquilon, tricyclazole, carpropamid, diclocymet, and fetioxanil.
[0021] Active ingredient group J (chemicals inducing host defense):
25 acibenzolar-S-methyl, probenazole, isotianil, tiadinil, and laminarin.
[0022] Active ingredient group K (multifunctional cheniicals): bordeaux
mixture, chcshunt mixture, basic coppev carbonate, copper hydroxide, copper
naphtheaate, copper oleaic, copper oxychloridc, copper sulfate, basic copper sulfate,
oxine copper, calcium polysulfide, sulfur, amobarn, rerbdu, mancozcb, maneb, metiram,
6
polycarbarnatc, propineb, lhiram, 'iram, captan, Solpctj chlorotli:~lo~iici:i ichIoflu;~nid,
tolylfluar?id, guazatine, imi~loctadine-albesilate:i niinoctadine-triacetatc, anilazine,
dithianon, chinomethionat, and fluoroiinide.
100231 Active ingl-edient groi~pL (other chemicals): cytlufcnamid, cymoxa:iil,
5 diclomezine, dodine, ferimzone, flusulfamide, flutianil, foselyl-aluiiiiniui~~m,e trafenone,
oxalhiapiprolin, picarbutsazox, pyriofenone, tebufloquin, tolprocarb, triazoxide,
potassium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, Chinese musliroom
mycelium extract, Chinese mushroom carpophore extract, BCF-082 (test name),
NNF-0721 (test name), and ZF-9646 (test name).
10 [0024:1 Active ingredient group M (insecticides): abamectin, acephatc,
acetamiprid, afidopyropen, afoxolaner, alanycarb, aldicarb, allethsin, azamethiphos,
azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, Bacillus thoringiensis, bcndiocarb, benfluthrin,
benfuracarb, bensultap, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioresmethrin, bistrifluron, buprofezin,
butocarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, cartap, c~hlorantraniliprole,
15 chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenapyr, chiorfenvinphos, chlorfluazuron, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos,
chlorpyrifos-meihyl, chromafenozide, clothianidin, cyancphos, cyantraniliprole,
cyclaniliprole, cycloprolluin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothl-in, gamma-cyhalothrin,
lanlbda-cyhalotluin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermelhrin,
zeta-cypem~ethsinc, ypheilothrin, cyromazine, deltamethrin, diafenthiuron, diazinon,
20 dichlo~vosd, iflubenulron, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, dinotefuran, diofei~olan,
disulfoton, emamectin-benzoate, e~npenthrine, ndosulfan, alpha-endosulfan, EPN,
esfenvalerate, ethiofencarb, ethiprole, etofenprox, etrimfos, fenitrothion, fenobucarb,
fenoxycarb, fenthion, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin, flonicamid, fluazuron,
flubcndiamide, flucycloxuron, flucythrinate, flufenerim, flufcnoxuroi~f, lufiprole,
25 fluhexafon, flumethrin, flupyradifurone, fluvalinate, tau-fluvalinate, fonofos, furathiocarb,
halofenozide, heptafluthrin, hexafluninrou, hydramcthylnon, imidacloprid, imiprothrin,
i~idoxacarb: indoxacarb-MP, isoprocarb, isoxathion, lepimectin, lufeauron, inalathion,
meperfluthrin, nietaflumizonc, metaldehyde, methacrifos, uiethamidophos, methitialhion,
metliomyl, methoprene, methoxychlor, inethoxyfe~iozidem, ctofluthrin, muscalure,
7
nitclipyram, iiovaluroii, novi lluml~ro~oi~, ~ietl~onoxlcy,d ciilcton-tlletliyl, pal-athioil-methyl,
permetlirin; plienothrin, phenthoate, phorate, phosalonc, phosmet, phoxim, pirimicarb,
pirimipbos-methyl, profenofos, protliioros, pymetrozine, pyracloros, pyreilirins, pyridalyl,
pyrifluquiiiazon, pyl-iprolc, pyriprosyfcn, resmcthrin, rotenone, silafluofcn, spinetoram,
5 spinosad, spimtebamat, sulfotep, sulfoxaflol; tebufcnozide, teflubcnzrrron, tefluthrin,
terbufos, tetrachlolvinphos, tetramcthrin, d-tetramelhrin, tetramethylfluhrin,
letraniliprole, thiacloprid, tliiamcthoxam, thiocyclam, thiodicarb, ihiofanox, thiometon,
tolfenpyrad, tralotncthrin, transfluth~int,r iazarnate, trichlorfon, triflumezopyrim,
triflumuron, ME5382 (test name), MIE-1209 (test name), and ZDI2501 (test name).
10 [0025] Active ingredient group N (miticides): acequinocyl, acrinathrin,
amidoflumet, amitraz, azocyclotin, benzoximate, bifenazate, bromopropylate;
clofentezinc, cyenopyrafen, cyflumetofei~d, icofol, dienochlor, etoxazole, fenazaquiil,
fenhutatin oxide, fenothiocarb, fcnpropathrin, fenpyroximate, fluacrypyrim, formetanate,
halfenprox, hexythiazox, milben~ectinp, ropargite, pyflubumide, pyridaben, pyrimidifen,
15 spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, tebufenpysad, and NA.49 (test name).
[0026] Active ingredient group 0 (nematicides): cadusafos, dichlofenthion,
ethoprophos, fenainiphos, fluensulfone, fosthiazate, fostliietan, imicyafos, isamidofos,
isazofos, methyl bromide, methyl isothiocyanate, oxamyl, sodium azide, thiaxazafen,
BYI-1921 (test name), and MAI-OX015 (test name).
20 [00271 Active ingredient group P (insect removing chemicals): acrillavine,
albendazole, atovaguonc, azithromycin, hithionol, bromofenofos, cambendazole,
carnidazole, chlovoquine, clazuril, clindamycin hydrochloride, clorsulon, closantel,
coumaphos, cymiazol, dichloropllen, diethylcarbamazine, diminazene, disophenol,
dithiazaniiie iodide, doxycycline hydrochloride, doramectin, einodepside, eprinomectin,
25 febantel, fenbendazole, flubendazole, furazolidone, glycalpyramide, imidocarb,
ivermectin, levamisole, mebcndazole, mefloquine, melarsalnine hydrochloride,
metioiiidazole, metyridine, milbc~nycino xime, monepantel, niorantel tartrate, moxidectin,
nicarbazin, niclosamide, nitroscanale, nitroxyilil, omphalotin, oxantel palnoate, oxantcl
tartrate, oxfendazolee, oxibendazole, oxyclozanide, pamaqitine, phenothiazine, piperazinc
8
adipate, pipw-azine citl-ale, piperai.i~lep liosphalc, PNU-97333 (paraherqi~ainicieA ),
PNlJ- 141'162 (2-deoxyparahcrq~1a111idc)p, raziquantel, pl-imaquine, propetamphos,
propoxur, pyrantel pamoatc, pyrimetharnine, sai~tonins, clail~ectin,s ulfadimelhoxine,
sulfadoxinc, si~lfamerazine,s ulfamonometl~oxines, ulfan~oildapsonct,h iabmdazole,
5 tinidazole, toltrazuril, tribromsalai1, and triclabendazole.
[0028] Active ingredient group Q (antifungal agents): ketoconazole and
miconazole nitrate.
[00291 Active ingredient group R (antimicrobial agents): amoxicillin, ampicillin,
bethoxazin, bithionol, bronopol, cefapirin, cefazoliu, cefquinome, ceftiofur,
10 chlortetracycline, clavulanic acid, danofloxacin, difloxacin, dinitolmide, enrofloxacin,
florfenicol, linco~nycinl,o rnefloxacin, marbofloxacin, miloxacin, mirosamycin, nitrapyrin,
norfloxacin, octhilinone, ofloxacin, orbifloxacin, oxolinic acid, oxyletracycline, penicillin,
streptomycin, thiamphenicol, tiainulin fumarate, tilmicosin phosphate,
acetylisovaleryltylosin, tylosin phosphate, tulathromycin, valnemulin, calcinated shell
15 calcium (calcium oxide), genus Talaroinyces, genus Trichoderma, and genus
Coniothyriurn.
[00301 121
The insecticidal, miticidal, ncmaticidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal composition
according to [I], comprising the active compound 11 selected from the active ingredients
20 M.
[00311 [31
The insecticidal, miticidal, nematicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal conlpositio~r
according to [2], comprising the active compound II selected from the active ingredient
group M collsisting of chlorantraniliprolc, cyantraniliprole, flubendiamide,
25 gamma-cyhalothrin, cyclaniliprole, letraniliprole, spinosad, spinetoram, metaflumizone,
flupyradifi~ronef, lometoquin, bifenthrin, and flufenoxuron.
I [0032] [4] i
The insecticidal, miticidal, nematicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal composition
according to [3], comprising thc activc compound 11 selecied from the activc in&]-edicut
9
group M consisting ofchloi.anirai~iliproIc,c yanlrtiniliprole, il~~bcndiainidaen, d
gainma-cyhalothri~~.
100331 [51
The insecticidal, miticidal, oen~aticidalm, icrobicidal, or bactericidal composilio~;
5 according to any one of [I] to 141, in which the active compound 1 is
4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoro111ethyl)isoxazole-3-yl]-2-n1et11yl-N-[2-
oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trifiuoroethy1)amino]ethyl]benzamide.
PO341 [GI
The insecticidal, miticidal, nenlaticidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal compositio~~
10 according 1.0 any one of [I] to (41, in which the active compound 1 is
(Z)-4-[5-(3,5-dichloropl1enyl)-S-trifluorometbyl-4,5-dil~ydroisoxazole-3-yl~~-N-(methoxyi
minomethyl)-2-methylbenzamidc.
[0035] r7]
A method for controlling pests and diseases characterized in that a treatment is
15 conducted with the one or two active compound(s) 1 as described in [I] and the one or
more active compound(s) I1 as described in [I] at the same time or at different limes that
are close to each other.
[0036l
A method for controlling pests characterized in that a treatment is conducted with
20 the one or more active c6mpound(s) 1 as described in [I] and the one or more active
compound(s) 11 as described in [3] at the same time or at different times that are close to
each otller.
100371 PI
A chen~icafl or contnolling a pest parasitic to honey bees comprising at least one of
25 4-~5-(3,S-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoro~nct1~yl)isoxazole-3-yl]-2-metl~yl-N-[2-
oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)a1nino]etl~yl]bcnza1nidc,
(Z)-4-[5-(3,5dichlorophenyl)-5-trifluoro~l~ethyl-4,5-dil~ydroisoxazole-3-yl]-N-(melhoxyi
1ni11o1nethyl)-2-methylbenzamide, and salts ihereof.
[003X] 1101
10
, , Sire chelnical for controlling a pest parasitic lo llo~leyh ees accoi.tlitig to [9], in which
the pest parasitic to 11oncy hccs is Varroa tilite, 7i-opilc1el~1]c3l.ic~ r.c?c~ocr ,A cui-irpis m~oodi.
[0039J [I I J
'The che~nicalf or controlling a ycst parasitic to honey hccs z~ccordiligl o 1101, in
5 which thc pest parasitic to honey bees is Varroa mite.
[0040] 1121
A method for controlli~~thge pest parasitic to honey bees, in which the chemical for
co~itrollingth e pest parasitic to honcy bees according to 191 is used.
10 Effects of the Invention
[0041] The compositio~io f the present it~ventiona nd the method of the prescnl
invention provide excellent synergistic control effects to a variety of pests, and provide
sufficient synergistic control effects also to pests acquired resista~~cteos conveiltional
pesticides. Accordingly, the present i~lventiollc an provide a useful llovel pesticide
15 con~positiona nd an effective control method using the composition.
MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0042] One of the first active ingredients of the co~upositiono f the present
20 invention is
4-(5-(3,5-dichlorophe11yl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluorometliyl)isoxazoie-3-yl]-2-n1ethyl-N-[2-
0 x 0 - 2 - [ ( 2 , 2 , 2 - 1 r i f l u o r o e t I ~ y l ) a i n i ~ e t ~ i[hdecre inafter, referred to as
Compound (I)] that is known as an isoxazoline-substituted henzamide coinpound. This
is a well-known compound, and is described in WO2005/085216.
25
LO0431 The other one ofthe first active ingredients of the cot~lpositioo~f t~h e
present invcl~tionis
(2)-4-[5-(3,5-dicl1lorophe11yl)-S-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole-3-ylj-N-(1nelhoxyi
5 minomethyl)-2-mcthylbenzamide [hereinafter, referred to as Compound (2)] that is
known as an isoxazoline-substituted benzamide compound. This is a well-known
compound, and is described in W02007/026965.
10 [0044] The first active ingredient compounds of the composition of the present
invention, Compound (1) and Compound (2), have optically active substances caused by
one asymmetric carbon atom existing on an isoxazoline ring, alid the optically active
substa~lcesm ay encompass racemates or optically active substances having any
enantionleric excesses.
15 Also, the first active ingredient compound of the colnposition of the present
invention, Colnpo~~n(2d) , may encompass a mixture of geometric iso~nersc ontaining
E-bodies with any percentages.
[0045] Alllong the first active ingredient con~poundsin the present invention,
that is, among Compoullds (1) and Compounds (2), (hereinafter, abbreviated as the "lirst
20 active ingl-edient compoul~dsI" ), ex3111ples of a compound that call become an acid
addition sali by a conventional procedure include a salt of a hydrohalic acid, such as
13
liydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, 1iydrob1-o~naicc id, and hydroiotiic acid; ;I salt of ail
inorgauic acid, such as nitric acitl, sulfuric acid, pliosphoric acid, chlo1.i~a cid, and
pcrchloric acid; a salt of a sulro~lica cid, such as n~ethanesulfonica cid, ethitncsulfonic
acid, trifiuo~~onrctl~anesulfoa~ciidic, bcnzencsulfonic acid, and p-tol~tei~esulfonaici ci; a
5 salt of a carboxylic acid, such as for~uica cid, acetic acid, propionic acid, ~riiluoroacetic
acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, ~naleica cid, nialic acid, succinic acid,
benzoic acid, niandelic acid, ascorbic acid, lactic acid, gluconic acid, and citric acid; and
a salt of amino acid, such as glutamic acid and aspartic acid.
[0046] Among the first active ingredient compounds I in the present invention,
10 examples of a compound that can beconle a metal salt by a co~iventionalp roccdure
include a salt of an alltali metal, such as lithium, sodium, and potassiu~lia; salt of an
alkaline earth metal, such as calcium, barium, and magnesium; and a salt of aluminum.
[0047] The second active ingredient co~npounds11 of the composition of the
present invention are well-known as insecticidal, miticidal, nematicidal, molluscicidal,
15 microbicidal, or bactericidal compounds, and specific examples thereof are shown in
Table 1 with the compound symbols. The first active ingredient compound I in the
present invention, that is, each of Co~npound( I) and Compound (2) can be used in
combination with each of the second active ingredient compounds I1 shown in Table 1.
Specific exanlples of the co~nhinatioin~c~lu de "Compound (1)+Compound (a)" and
20 "Compound (2)+Compound (gy)." Due to appearances of resistant pests 01. resistant
microbes, and due to lack of insecticidal or microbicidal spectra and residual activities in
these co~npounds,s praying amounts and spraying frequencies of the chemicals tend to be
increased, which in turn increases risk to humans, animals, and aquatic organisms. Thus,
irnprovcments in some of these compounds are required not only for control effects, but
25 also for environmental safety.
No. Co~npoundN ame (Common Name) No. Coliiporind Name (Comtnon Nanie)
aba~ilcctin
acej~hate
acetarniprid
afidopyropen
afoxolaner
alanycarb
aldicash
allethriu
azamethiphos
azinphos-ethyl
azinphos-methyl
bacillus thuringiensis
bendiocarb
benfluthrin
benfuracasb
hensultap
bifentbrin
bioallethrin
bioresmethrin
bistrifluron
buprofezin
butocarhoxim
carbavyl
carholusa~~
carbosulfan
cartap
chlora~itraniliprole
chloscthoxyfos
gY
gz
ha
hb
hc
hd
he
hf
hE.
hi
hj
llk
hl
hm
hn
ho
hp
hq
hr
11s
ht
hu
hv
hw
hx
hy
IT2
diethofencarb
ethaboxam
zoxamide
pellcycilroll
fluopicolide
benodanil
benzovindiflupyr
bixafen
boscalid
carboxin
fenfuram
fluopyram
flutolanil
fluxapyroxad
furametpyr
isofetamide
isopyrazam
mepronil
oxycarboxin
penflufell
penthiopyrad
sedaxane
thifluzalnide
chlorfcnapyr
chloriit~vinplios
chlorfluazuron
chlormephos
chlorpyrifos
chlorl~yrifos-mcthyl
chromitfenozide
clolbianidin
cyanophos
cyatitraniliprole
cyclaniliprole
cycloprothrin
cyfluthrin
beta-cyfluthrin
[Table I (continued)]
14
ib ~(~~llllCl~y~t~Cli~ii1
ic ciimoxystrobin
ic encstrobin
if enoxastrobin
i famoxadone
ih fenamidone
ii fenaminstrobin
ij flufenoxystrobin
ik fluoxastrobin
il luesoxini-methyl
im mandestrobin
in metominostrobin
io orysastrobin
ip pyrametostrobin
No. Compound Name (Common Name) No.
20 . -
aq cyl~alotlrrin icl
as gamma-cyhalothrin ir
as lambda-cyhalothrin is
at cypennethrin it
25 au zeta-cypennethrin iu
av cyphenothrin iv
aw cyro~nazine iw
ax deltamethrin ix
aY diafenthiuron iy
Compound Name (Common Namc)
pyraoxystrobin
pyribencah-methyl
pyriminostrobin
triclopyl-icafi
trifloxystrobin
amisulbrom
cyazofamid
dinocap
fluaziiiatl~
dia~inon
dichlorvos
diflubenzuron
dinieihoate
din~ethylvinphos
dinotefuran
diofenolan
disulfoton
emanlectin-benzoate
enipenthrin
endosulfan
alpha-endosulfan
EPN
esfenvalerate
ethiofencarb
ethiprole
etofcnprox
etrimfos
fenitrothion
fenobucarb
fenoxycarb
fenthion
fenvalerate
fipronil
flometoquin
flonicamid
fluazuron
flubendiamide
flucycloxuron
I5
1Z
,jii
jb
i c
.id
je
jf
j~
j 11
. .
J'
jk
jl
jm
j 11
jo
jp
.i rl
Jr
js
jt
ju
jv
jw
jx
jy
JZ
Ita
k b
kc
nicptyldinocap
Se1ili11
tributyltin oxide
silthiofim
a~netoctradin
cyprodinil
mepanipyrim
pyriniethanil
blasticidiii-s
kasugamycin
proquinazid
quinoxyfen
fenpiclonil
fludioxonil
clilozolinate
iprodione
procyrnidone
vi~~clozoliii
edifenphos
iprobenfos
isoprothiolane
pyrazophos
biphenyl
chloroneb
clicloran
etridiazole
quintozene
fecrrazerre
tolclofos-methyl
cc flncyilirinaie
cd llufenc~.im
ce flufenoxuron
cf flufiproie
I6
kd Bacillus sublilis
lie ;rzaconazo!e
kf bitertanol
kg blniiiuconazolc
[Table 1 (continued)]
No.
10
Compound Name (Common Name)
fluhexafon
flumethrin
flupyradifuroile
fluvalinate
tau-fluvalinale
fonoibs
furathiocarb
halofenozide
heptafluthrin
hexaflumuron
hydramethylnon
irnidacloprid
imiprothrin
indoxacarh
indosacarb-MP
isoprocarb
isoxathion
Icpimcclin
No. Compou~idN ame (Cornlnon Name)
-------------
kh climbazole
ki diclobutrazol
kj difenoconazole
kl diniconazole
hn di~iico~~amle-M
lm epoxiconazole
ko etacon=ole
lip fe~larin~ol
kq fenbuconazolc
kr fluotrimazole
ks fluquinconazole
kt flusilazole
ku flutriafol
kv furconazole
kw hexaconazole
ltx imazalil
ky i~i~ihenconazole
kz ipconazolc
la metcon;izolc
Iufcnuron
~nalathion
~~ieperflutl~ril~
melaflumizone
metaldehyde
lnethacrifos
methamidophos
methidathion
methoinyl
n~ethoprene
metl~oxychlor
~~lethoxyfenozidc
mctofluthrin
muscalure
nitenpyraln
novaluron
novitlumuroil
onlethoate
oxydemeton-methyl
parathion-mell~yl
per~netlrrin
phenothrin
phenthoate
myclohi~ia~tii
niiarimol
oxpocoilazole I'i~~narale
pefurazoate
peneonazole
prochloraz
propiconazole
prothioco~lazole
pyrirenox
pyrisoxazole
simeconazole
tcbuconazole
tetraconazole
triadimefon
triadiinei~ol
triflun~izole
triforine
trilicol~azole
aldimorph
dodemolph-acetate
fenpropidin
fenpvopimorph
piperalin
25
[Table 1 (coiltinued)]
No. Cotnpollnd Name (Common Name) No. Colllpouild Name (Common Name)
phoriite
phosalone
phosnlet
phoxim
pirimicarb
pirirniphos-methyl
profenofos
prothiofos
pymetrozine
pyrifluquinazon
pyriprole
pyriproxyfen
resmethrin
rotenone
silafluofen
spinetoram
spiilosad
spirotetramat
sulfotep
sulfoxaflor
tebufenozide
teflube~~zuron
tefluthrin
terbufos
tetrachlorvinphos
tctramethrin
d-(etramethrin
tetrametl~ylfluthri~~
tetuaniliprole
spiroxclinine
tridemorph
fenllexaulid
renpyrazamine
valida~nycin
polyoxins
polyoxin-D
benthiavalicarb-isopropyl
dimethomorph
flumorph
iprovalicarb
mandipropamid
pyrimorph
valifenalate
phlhalide
pyroquilon
tricyclazole
carpropamid
diclocymet
fenoxanil
acibenzolar-S-methyl
pro benazole
isotia~~il
tiadinil
Iaminarin
bordeaux mixture
cheshunt nlixture
basic cop:lcr carbonate
copper liytll-oxide
thiacloprid
tlrianrcthoxan~
tliiocyclam
thiodicarb
thiofanox
thiolneton
tolfenpyrad
triflumuron
NC-5 15
ME5382
MIE-1209
ZDI-2501
acequinocyl
copper liaphthciinte
coppcr olcatc
copper oxychlo~~ d e
coppel sulfate
basic coppei sulfate
oxine coppct
calciuin polysullide
sulfur
amobam
ferbam
nlancozeb
maneb
metiram
15
[Table 1 (continued)]
No. Compound Name (Common Name) No. Compound Name (Common Name)
acrinatlirin
amidoflumet
amitraz
azocyclotin
benzoximate
bifenazate
bromopropylate
clofentezine
cyenopyrafen
cyflumctofen
poiycarbamate
propineb
thirarn
ziram
captan
folpet
chlorothalonil
dicl~lofluanid
tolylfluallid
guazatiiic
clicofol
dicnochlo~.
ctoxazole
fenazaquiil
fci~butatino xide
fenpyroximate
fluacrypyrim
formetanale
halfenprox
hexythiazox
milbemectin
pro~argite
spirodiclofen
spiromesife~~
tebufenpyrad
NA-89
benalaxyl
benalaxyl-M
furalaxyl
mctalaxyl
metalaxyl-M
ofurace
oxadixyl
bupil-iinate
ethirimol
hymexazol
bcliolny 1
carbendazini
iminoctetiinc-albesilale
iriliiioctadi~~e-triacctatc
anilazine
dithianon
chinoruethionai
fluoroiinide
cyflufcnaniid
cyrnoxallil
diclomezine
dodine
ok fcrimzo~~c
01 flusulfamide
0117 flutianil
metsafenone
oxathiapiprolin
picarbutrazox
pyriofenone
tebufloquin
tolprocarb
~riazoxide
potassium hydrogen carbonate
sodium hydrogen carbonate
Chinese tnushroom myceliun~ extract
Chiuese musliroom carpopliore extract
BCF-082
NNF-072 1
ZF-9646
1.00481 'I'hc characteristics of the cornposition or the present invclition and the
n~cthodo f the present invention are as Collows. First, insecticidal, miticidal, nen~aticidal,
molluscicidal, microbicidal, or bactcricidal eKects arc clearly enhanced compared to
5 when those chemicals ai-e used individually, and rapid insecticidal, miticidal, ncmalicidal,
molluscicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal effects are given. Second, broad insecticidal,
miticidal, nematicidal, molluscicidal, niicrobicidal, or bactericidal spectra and longer
residual activities axe induced, which have not been seen in any of the conventional
insecticides, miticides, ncmaticidcs, molluscicides, tnicrobicides, and bactericides.
10 Third, spraying amounts can be reduced cot~lpasedto when those chet~licalsa re used
individually.
[0049'] That is, the co111position of the present invcntion and the method of the
present invention provide synergistic insecticidal, miticidal, nematicidal, molluscicidal,
microbicidal, or bactericidal effects. l'he synergistic insecticidal, miticidal, nematicidal,
15 molluscicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal effects cannot be expected from an individual
insecticidal, miticidal, nematicidal, molluscicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal effect that
each ofthe chemicals provides, and thus usefulness of the cornposition ofthe present
invention and the method ofthe present invcntion is that the cerlain control effects can be
provided to a variety of pests than the case where each of the colnpounds is used
20 individually.
[0050] Among the compoirnds shown ill Table 1 above, the coinpounds whose
control effects are synergistically improved in co~nbinationw ith the first active ingredient
compound I are shown in Table 2.
25 [Table 21
No. Compound Name (Common Name) No. Coinpound Name (Comn~onN ame)
...................................
aa chloratitraniliprole a1 cyantranilipl-ole
a111 cyclaniliprole
ca fl~~hcndiai~~ide
ci11 spinosad
dc melallurni~.one
5 bx floinetoquin
ce flufenoxuron
22
zw ya~uma-cylralotlrri11
eY tctmnilip~~olc
el spitretoram
ci ilupyradifuronc
q bifenthrin
[0051] The one or two first active ingredient compound(s) 1 and tile one or inore
10 second active ingredient compound(s) I1 in the present invention can be applied to a
variety of methods as described below.
1. Simultaneous applications, that is,
a) Mixed applications (i.e., for example, as mixtures for iinmcdiate uses such as
fornlula, or mixtures in tanks) and
15 b) Individual applications (i.e., applications with individual tanks), or,
2. Sequential individual applications, in which order of the applications generally
does not affect the results of thc control method in any way.
[0052] Accordingly, the method for controlling hari~ifulo rganism, mites,
nematodes, molluscs, harmful microbes, and bacteria is conducted by applying at least
20 one of the first active ingredient compounds I and at least one of the second active
ingredient co~lipounds11 separately or together, or applying a mixture of at least one of
the first active ingredient compounds I and at least one of the second active ingredient
compounds I1 to seeds, plants, or soil by spraying or dusting, bcforc or after seeding, or
before or after budding of the plants.
25 j00531 In the composition of the present invention and the method of the present
invention, tile optimal mixing ratio (ratio by weight) of the first active ingredient
compound I and the second'active ingredient compound 11 is within a range of 100:l to
1 : 100, preferably 20: 1 to 1 :20, and particularly 10:l to 1 : 10, depending on characteristics
of the compounds.
23
100541 In thc coinposition of the ],resent invention and the lniethoti of the present
iiivention, although thc prcferablc trcating amounts of the active ingredient compounds
vary dcpcnding on types of the pcsts to bc conirolled, it is usually 0.1 g ailha to 1,000 g
ai/Iia fils the first activc ingredient colnpound 1 and 0.1 g ai/lia to 1,000 g ai/ha fbr tlle
, 5 second active ingredient compound 11; and preferably 1 g ailha to 300 g ailha for the
former and 1 g ailha to 300 g aiha ibr the latter.
[0055] The colnposition of the present invention can be applicd to "agricultural
pcsls" and "agricultural diseases" which inflict horticultural crops, trces, and the like;
"livestock pests" that are parasitic to livestocli and poultry; "sanitary pests" that adversely
10 affect living ellvironments of humans, such as houses; and mites, ne~natodesa, nd
mollnscs, which rise and inflict in such situations. Specific exanlples of the pests, mitcs,
nematodes, molluscs, and diseases which can be controlled wit11 the cornposition of the
present invenlion will be listed below, but not limited thereto.
[0056] Examples of the pests are as follows. I-lptnenoptera insects, such as
15 Chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus), Argentine ant (Linepilheiiza hulltile), Army
ant (Eciton burchelli, E. schmitti), Japanese carpenter ant (Camponotzt.s,jaj~onicus),
Pharaoh ant (A/lonoinoriumpharaonis), Bulldog ant (Myymzecia spp.), Fire ant (Solenopsis
spp.), Asian giant llornet (Espa mandarina), Japanese yellow hornet (VEspa sinzillima),
Large rose sawfly (Argepaguna), European pine sawfly (Neodipi*ion sertuer), Chestnut
20 sawfly (Apelhymu.~ku ri), Cabbage sawfly (Athalia injumata), and 'l'urnip sawl'ly (Athalia
rosae).
[0057] Lepidoptera insects, such as Pear leaf miner (Rucculatrix~~yrivorella),
Tea ledroller (Crrloptilia theivora), Apple leafn~iner( Phyllonorycter ringonidla), Citrus
lcafininer (Phyllocnistis citrella), Sweetpotato le~ffolde(rH elcyslograinnzn triannulella),
25 Pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiellu), Persimmon fruit moth (Slulhn~oj~odn
mtr,sinissa),P each fruit moth (Caly~osinasa sakii), Alliurn leafmincr (Acro/epioj~sis
srq~j~orensisY),a ~nI eaft~~in(eAr crolepiopsis s7rzukiellrr), Peach leabniner (Lyo~telirr
clerkella), Lyonc!lirrprunifolie/lu i~znliitelloT, >iamondbackm oth (Plu/el/ux j~losle/lu)R, icc
stein borer (Chilo .rul~-l,ressnlisB), luegrass webwom (Purapediasiri teferrellu),C abbage
24
webwor~n(I fell~tlunn tii(rli.s),R ice leakoiler ((li?iii,hciiocroci.ri neriii?oli.s),Y cllow pracii
moth (Conogethes~~unct~firrCilui,c~u)m~b er moth (I)iirphoi?ini ndico), Mulberry pyralid
(Glyl,hode.c pylo~il'is)A, siarr corn borcr (Osrriniufumocolis),E uropean corn borcr
(Oslrinici nuhilrrlis), Adzuki bean borer (Osirinia .sctrl,ulcilis),L esser corn stallc borer
5 (Elusmopa~~lzig~nso sellus), Limabean pod borcr (Etiellifz inclcenella), Peach tree borer
(Synanthedon exitiosa), Cherry tree borer (Synrrnthedon hector), Toleria romanovi,
Oriental moth (Monema,flavescens), Parasu coizsocia, l'arosa lepida, Pnrasn siniea,
Artonu nzartini, Illiberisprz~niI, lliberis rotundata, Carpenter moth (Cossus insularis),
Codling moth (Cydiaponzonella),P lum fruit mot11 (Gr~apholitrdr inzorpha),Orientai fruit
10 moth (Grapholita molests), Soybean pod borer (Leguminivora glycinivorelln), Soybean
podworm (Matsumuraesesi7haseoli), Grape berry moth (Endopi viteana), Smaller tea
tortrix (Adoxophyes honmai), Summer fiuit tortrix (Adoxophyes orana fasciara), Asiatic
leafioller (Archiys b~eviplicanus)A, pple torlrix (Archipsfuscocul~reanziIO~)r,i ental tea
tortrix (Homona nzagnanima), Darlc fruit-tree tortrix (Pandenzis heparana), Pine moth
1 5 (Dendrolimus spectabilis), Japanese hen~lockc aterpillar (Dendrolimus superans),
Japanese bamboo lappct moth (Euthrix ulbonzaculata), Drinker moth (Euthrixpotatoriu),
Orieiltal lappet (Gastropacha orientalis), Kunugia undans, Kunugia yanzadai, Tomato
hornworm (Manducrr quinquemaculala), Tobacco hornworm (Munduca sexta), Fall
webworm moth (Hyphantria cunea), Mulberry tigcr moth (Lentyra irnpa~,ilis)E, ilenza
20 ,fuscodorsalis, Eilenza laevis, Oriental tussock moth (Artaxa sulflava), Euproclispiperita,
Tea tussock moth (Euproctispseudoconspersu), Swan moth (Sphrageidus sirnilis), Gypsy
moth (Lymantria dispar), White-spotted tussock moth (Orgyia tliyeNina), Rice green
caterpillar (Naranga aenescens), Adris tyrunnzts, Sweet potato leaf worm (Aediu
lezrcomelas), Cabbage armyworm (Manzestm br-r~ssicar)O, riental armyworm
25 (Psezidaletia separaia), Lawn grass cutworn1 (Spodoptera depravata), Southern
armyworm (Spodoptera eridaniu), Beet armyworm (&~)odol)tee~xai gua), Fall arrnywortn
(~7odol~teru,fizigi~~eCro~ttdoun) l,e afworin (Spodoptera littoralis), Common cutworin
(Spodopfernl iturn), Cotton bollworm (1-IL.licoverpua migera), Oriental tobacco
budworm (Helicoi~ei.paa ssziltn), Tobacco hudworlu (13eliothis viresrens), Corn earworln
25
jiielicoi~e~picnc c). 13laclc ciltwo~m( Agroti,i 11silor1)',I iirnip moth (Agi.o/i.ss ege~un~),
Asiatic conililoli loopcr (A~c/ogrcrj,hor ?igrisignn),p Threespotlcdp lusia (i,'lci?o/ilzctin
trgnora), Soybean looper (P.se~cdoplusiuin cIz1&17.s),C abbage looper (Tricl~opln,sini ),
Japanese gia~ilo opcr (Ascolis seleizuria), Large white (l'ieris brassicoe), Cabbage whitc
5 butterfly (Pieris rapae cruci~~oraS)t,r aight swift (Parnara guttutu), cotton leafwonn
(Alabanza argillucea), and sugarcalie borer (Iliatraeu sucharalis).
[0058] lliptera insects, sucl~a s Melon fly (Baclrocera cucurhifae),O riental fruit
fly (Baclrocera dorsalis), Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera lryoni), Japanese orange fly
(Baclrocera tsuneonis), Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratilis capitala), Mexican fruit fly
10 (Annslrepha ludens), Apple maggot (Rhagoletis pornonella), Rice leaf miner (Agronzyza
oryzue), Pea leaf miner (Chromatonzyia horticola), Cabbage leafininer (Liriomyzu
brassicae), Tomato leaf miner (Lirionzyza bryoniae), Stone leek leafn~incr( Lirionyza
chinensis), Pea lcafminer (Lirion7yza huidobrensis), Tomato leafminer (Liriomyzn
sativae), Serpentine learminer (Lirioinyza trifolii), Japanese fruit fly (Drosophila szizukii),
15 Smaller rice leaf miner (Hydrellia griseola), 'setse fly (Glossina morsitans, G palpalis),
Forest fly (Hippobosca eyuina), Sheep ked (Melophcrgus ovinus), Onion fly (Delia
antiqua), Seed corn maggot (Deliaplalur-a), Beet leaf miner (Pegomya cunicularia),
Lesser house fly (Fannia canicularis), Sheep headfly (Hydrotaea irritans), Sweat fly
(~Morelliasi inplex), Face fly (Musca autunznalis), Housefly (Musca donzestica),
20 Australian hush fly (Musea veluslissima), I-Iorn fly (Haematobia irritans), Stable fly
(Siomoxys calcirrans), C,7aNiphora lata, Bottle fly (Calliphora vicina), Old World
screw-worm fly (Chrysonlya bezziana), Blow fly (Chrysornya chlorol,ygu), Oriental
latrine fly (Chrysoinya inegcrcephula), New World screw-worm fly (Cochlior7q1icr
honziniijorax), Black blow fly (Phorrnia reginu), Northern hlowfly (Prolopltor.177ia
25 terraenuvae), Australian sheep blowfly (Lucilia czprina), Green bottle fly (Lzccilia
ill~istris)C, on~niong reen bottle fly (Lucilia sericata), Bot flies (Curerebra spp.), Human
botfly (Dern~atobiuho rninis), Norse nose bot fly (Gaslerophilzis hucn?orrl?oid~tli.sH), orse
hot tly (Gasrerophilus inlestincrli.~)T, hroat hot fly (C~nsleroplziluns crsolis), Warble fly
(Ifypoderina bovis), Comriion cattle grub (FIypodern7u lineal~cin)S, heep nasal bot fly
2 6
(Oes/rus ovis): Flesh fly (Scii~cophugci cii~iztiricc)F, lesh ily (,Ycri.co]~h(cgpceri .egr;i.inu),
Splaycd dccrfly (Chq~.soj~c.ase cviic?~i.sD), eer fi y (Chr.jis(?js~us nvif), Conimon hol-sc fly
(H(ieii?~ioj~olapl~~v(ii~relie.nsh)e, ad horse fly (Zibanws nigi~oi~illnl~Hiso)r,s c fly
(Ttibuii~~,r~ig~o nzcs)S, oybean pod gall midge (Asj~hondyliyou shiniui), Ilessian fly
5 (Mayetiolrt de.sirucio~,),O rangc wheat blossoin midge (.Siiodiplo.sis nio.sellan.a), Biting
midge (Culicoides arakawae), Black gnat (Lepfoconops nipponensis), Prosimulitinz
yezoensis, Black fly (Siniuliunz ochruceun~)A, fiican malaria tnosquito (Anopheles
garnbiae), Anopheles hyrcanzis sinesis, Anopheles lesteri, Yellow fever mosquito (Aedes
aegypii), Asian tiger ~nosquito( Aedes albopictus), House mosquito (Culexpipiens
10 nzolestus), House ~nosyuito(C ulexpipiens pollens), Culex trifaeniorhynchzcs, Sandfly
(Plileboiomus spp.), and Moth fly (Telniatoscopus alhipunctalus).
[0059] Siphonaptera insects, such as I-Ien flea (Ceralophyllus gallinae), Chigoe
flea (Tungapenetrans), Dog flea (Ctenocephalides canis), Cat flea (Ctenocephalides
,$/is), Sticlctigllt flea (Echidnophaga gallinacea), Hurnan flea (Pulex iidrirans), and
15 Oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis).
[0060] Coleoptera insects, such as Tobacco beetle (Lasiodenizu serricorne),
Common bean weevil (Acanthoscelides ohtectus), Adzuki bean beetle (Callosobruchus
chinensis), Grape borer (Xylottrechuspyrrhoder.us)A, sian long-llortl beetle (Anoplophora
glabrdyennis), White-spotted longicorn beetle (Anoplophora malosiuco), Japanese pine
20 sawyer (Monochanzus ~rliernutzrs)Y, ellow-spotted longicorn beetle (Psacothcn hilaris),
Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsu decemlineaiu), Mustard leaf beetle (Phaedoi?
cochleariae), Rice leaf beetle (Oulen?tr oiyzae), Reaf beetle (Demotina,fasciculaiu),
Cucurbit leaf beetle (Aulacophora fenzoralis), Beet flea beetle (Chne/ocnen?o coneinnu),
Northern corn rootworm (Diabrotica barberi), Southern corn rootworm (Diahrolicrr
25 undecintj~unctu/a)W, estern corn rootworm (Dinbrotictr ili~gferrr)S, triped flea beetle
(Phylloti,ela shiolala), Solanun1 flea beetlc (Psylliodes ongzcsticollis), Mexican been
beetle (Epilachna variveslis), Large twenty-eight-spotted ladybird (Iiluchnvui giri/ioclo~~~~ncta/a),
lulentu), Cottony cushion
scale (Icerycrpurchasi), Cotton inealy bug (Plzenacoccus solani), Citrus mealybug
(Planococcus cilri), Japanese mealybug (Planococcus kuramnhiae), Coinstock mealybug
(Pseudococcus co~n.stoclci)G, rape mealybug (Pseudococcus maritinzus), Sinall brown
10 plailthopper (Luodell~hoxst riatella), Brown rice planthopper (Nilaparva~alu gens),
White-backed rice pla~~tliopp(eSro gatella furcfera), Grape Leafhopper (Epiacanthus
slronzii~eus)I,n dian cotton leafhopper (Amrasca devastans), Beardsley leafhopper
(Balclutha saltuella), Aster lealhopper (MacrostelesJascifrons), Macrosteles strifrons,
Green rice leafllopper (Nephotettix cincticeps), Grape Leafhopper (Arboridia apicalis),
15 Potato Leafhopper (Enzpoasca fabae), Enzpoasca nipponicu, Tea green leaflopper
(Enlpoasca onukii), Bean's smaller green leafhopper (Enzpoasca sakaii), Sloe bug
(Dolycoris haccarunz), Cabbage bug (Eurydema rugosa), Whitespotted spined bug
(E)~sar-coriase neus), Eysarcoris lewisi, White-spotted stink bug (Eysarcoris vent~~zlis),
Sheild bug (Glaucias subpunctatus), Brown marmorated stinlc bug (Halyamorpha haalys),
20 Eastern green stink bug (Nezara crnlennaia), Southern green stink bug (Nezurc~v iridula),
Kedbanded stink bug (Piezodorus guildinii), Redbanded shield bug (I'iezodarus lzybneri),
Brown-winged green bug (Plaulia crossota), Japanese black rice bug (Scotinophora
Zzrrida), Bean bug (Ripfortzrs clavrrlzrs), Rice bug (I,eptocorisa chinensis), Rice stink bug
(Clelztspuncliger), Squash bug (Pamdasynus spinosus), Rhopalid bug (Rhopalus
25 moculatus), True chinch bug (Blissr~lse ucoptert/s), 01-iental chinch bug (Cai~e1eri~1.s
.socchorivorus), Seed bug (Togo henzi@erus), Red cotton bug (Djlsclei,cu.~ci ngulatus),
Blood-sucking bug (Rhodnirtsprolixzr.~I)C, issingabug (Fiaronza dimidiirfa), Kissing bug
(7i.irrfomtr infi.slor7.~)g,l -een stink bug (Acroslernu~nh ilaiae), brown stink bug (Euschistus
.rervti.s), southern grcen stink bug (Nezi~rav ~r~idz~lTaa)r,n)i,s hed plant bug (Lygus
29
lii?eoI~ii-i.sL),l ichelo~~s/~ir.c~siuiguasr, cane spittlebug ( i ~ o h o i ~ i n ~ ~ ~ r r , / i iA~z~ilie~ni ~ i ~ ~ / ~ i / ) ,
lace bug (,Ytephai?ifispyrioides)B, ed bug (C'iinex icclz~~tiriztl.'a~le), gsccilpiant bug
(Aj~oI)igu,ssp inolae), Western tarnished plant bug (i,ygus he.q~erus)T, aruishcd plant bug
(&us lineolcii.is), Rice stink bug (Sleizodenzcr sihiricum), Sorghum plant bug (Sfenotzis
5 ruhrovirtirt~s)R, ice leaf bug (Trigonolylzis ccielestic~liirn~1)s,l ;md fleal1oppc1-( fJa1ticzr.s
ii?.sulnris),a nd Cotton fleahopper (I~seudi~tomoscelisceslies rialus).
[0062] l'hysanoptera insects, such as Flower thrips (fianklinielln intunsa),
Western flower thrips (f.).anklinieNa occidentalis), Greenhouse thrips (ITeliothrips
huemorrhoidalis), Yellow tca thrips (Scirtorhrips dorsali.s), Melon thrips (Thri~~spalmi),
10 Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci), and Japanese gall-fonning thrips (1'0nficulothrij1.s
diospyrosi).
[0063] Psocodea insects, such as Body louse (Menacanlhus cornutus), Small
body louse (Menacanthuspallidulus), Chicken body louse (Menacanthus slrunzineus),
Chicken shaft louse (Menopon gallinae), Chicken head louse (Cuclotogaster
I5 helerographa), Brow11 chicken louse (Goniodes dimmilis), Fluff lousc (Goniodes
gallinae), Large hen louse (Goniodes gigas), Wing louse (Lipeurus caponis), Cattle
chewing louse (Damalinia bovis), Cat louse (Felicola suhrostrata), Dog biting louse
(Trichodecles canis), Short-nosed cattle louse (IIaenzutopinus eurysfernzrs), Tail switch
louse (Haenzatopinus quadripertnsus), Large pig louse (Haenzatopinus suis), Buffalo
20 louse (Haenzatopir~ustu berculatus), Dog sucking louse (Linognathus setosus),
Long-nosed cattle louse (I,inogna/hus vituri), Rabbit louse (Haenzodijxus vetzfricos~~s),
Little blue cattle louse (Solenopotes capillatus), I-lead louse (Pedicul~ihs umanus), Mouse
louse (I'olyplux serrarus), and Crab louse (Pthirtrspubis).
100641 Orthoptera insects, such as Desert locust (Schistocerca gregariu),
25 Australian plague locust (Chortoicetes terminifera), Migratory locust (Locusfu
nzigrciloriu), Lesser paddy grasshopper (Oxya,jnponicn), Ricc grasshopper (Oxyu
yezoensis), Emma field cricket (Teleogryllus emma), and Oriental Inole cricket
(Grj~Uo~oIopr~iein tnlis).
[0065] Dictyoptera insects, such as Ger~nanc ockroach (Blaitciltr germmica),
3 0
America11 cockroach (I'eripl~meiii( IIIIL'I.~C.SIiIlT~Io(kIy)-,b i.o\vi~C O C I ~ I ~ O ~ C I I (Prripliin(dii
ji~iligirzosa).,I apancsc cockroacli (/'ei~il~iiine/ilj~~~~Lolaniiltcouku), d ry-wood f.eriuitc
(Cryptoternzes danzesticus), Wcstcrn dry-wood termite (1ncisiieme.r. minor), Formosan
subterranean termite (Cop/olermcsf ~nno~s~~Jnazp~an~csse) ,s ubterranean termite
5 (Reticuliterines speratus), and Black-winged subterranean tern~ile(O dontoteumes
formosanus).
[0066] Collm~bolaH: exapoda, such as Rootfeeding springtail (Onychiurlis
folsonzi), Onychiurus sibiricz~sa, nd (;ardcn springtail (Bourletiella hortensis).
[0067] Isopoda crustaceans, such as Pill bug (Armuclillidiurn vulgare) and
10 Common rough woodlouse (Porcellio scaber).
[0068] Arguloida crustaceans, such as Argulus coregoni, Japanese fishlouse
(ArgulusJaponicus), and Argulus scutfornzis.
[0069] Siphonostomatoida crustaceans, such as Sea louse (Caligus curtu3, C:
elongatus) and Salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salinonis).
15 [0070] Astigmata: Acarina, such as Storage mite (Glycyphagus destructor),
itch mite (Glycyphagus donzesticus), Rrouln-legged grain mite (Aleuroglyphus
ovatus), Cheese mite (Tyrophagus putrescentiae), Tjxophagus sirnilis, Bulb mite
(Rhizoglyphus robini), Feather mite (Pterulichus obtusus), Feather mite (Megninia
cubitalis), American house dust mite (Derrnatophagoides farinae), House dust mite
20 (Dernzatophagoides pterAonyssinus), Chorioptic mange mite (Chorioptes bovis), Dog ear
mite (Otodectes cyrzotis), Psoroptic mite (Psoroptes conzmunis), Rabbit ear mite
(Psoroptes cuniculi), Sheep scab mite (Psoi.optes ovis), Itch mite (Sarcoptes scabiei), and
Cat mange mite (Notoed~ecsa ti).
[0071] Oribatida: Acarina, such as Hoplochtho~ziuss inzplex.
25 [00721 Prostiginata: Acarina, such as Clielacar-opsis nzoorei, Cheyletiella blakei,
Rabbit fur mite (Cheyleliellaparasi/ovorclx), Cheylelielln yasgz,ri, Clieyletus erzidililus,
Clzeyletus rizulaccen.sis, Dog follicle.mite (Demo~lexca nis), Cat follicle mile (Denzodex
cari), Face mite (DeiiiodexJ~Nicz~lo~W~uh~eai~t c)u, rl mite (Acrrtci /~di/i^c/eP]e, ar ~ 1 smt i te
(Ei-ioplzyesc hibaensi.~)P, each bud mite (El-iopliyes insidiosus), Pcarleaf blister mite
3 1
(irio1~/7j~c.sf~'I'ycai ~rui)s,t mitc (Acc~pi?yliithi cin~itgr.c!n.u'T),o malo russet n~itc(, 4cuIo,17.s
ijicoi,ei',sici), Pink citrus I-nsln ritc (Aculo/j.sj >eleko.ssi)A, pple rust mite (Aciihr.~
.schIeclztei?ilcrli),C itrus rust mite (~hjiilocoptrufoul eivora), Broad mite
(Po/jq~h~golcrrso,?cnzuiast usj, Cyclaincn mite (I'hjifonemus prillidus), Tarsoncmid mile
5 (Trrrsonenzti.~b ilobaiws), O1igonychu.s shinlcajii, Citrus rcd rnitc (Panonychus citri),
Spider mite (Panonychus mori), European red mite (Panonychzrs ulmi), Kai~zawas pider
mite (Efmnychus krmzaivcri), Two-spotted spider mite (Tefmnychus urficcre), Penlhaleus
erythrocel~haltrsW, inter grain mite (Penthaleus nzfljor), Eufronzbicula wichnianr?i,
Trombiculid mite (Helenicula miyagawai), Lepfofrombir~iumuk omushi, Le~~lolronzbidinm
10 pulliclu, and Tsutsuga~nushmi ite (Leptotrombidizrm scufellare).
[0073] Metastigmata: Acarina, such as English fowl tick (Argus per.sicusj, Soft
tick (Ornithodoros moubafa), Relapsing fever tick (Ornithodoros turicata), Spinose ear
tick (Olobius nzegnini), Lone star tick (Amblyonznza anzericanum), Gulf coast tick
(Amb1yonzni.a niaculafztm), Haemaphysalis canzparzulula, IIaemaphysalisjlava, Bush tick
15 (Haenzaphysalis longicornis), Haemaphysalis nzegaspinosa, Tortoise tick (Hyalonznz~r
uegyptium), Mediterranean tick (Hyalomma marginatumf, Tropical cattle tick (Boophilus
nzicroplus), Ixodes nipponensis, Ixodes ovatus, Western black-legged tick (Ixodes
pacifcus), Taiga tick (Ixodespersulcatus), Castor bean tick (Ixodes ricinzis), Black-legged
tick (Ixodes scupulmis), Tropical horse tick (Anocentor nitens), Rocky Mountai~wl ood
20 tick (Dernzacentor undersoni), Pacific Coast tick (Dermacentor occidenlalis), Ornate
cow tick (Dermacentor reticululus), American dog tick (Dernzucentor vuriabilis),
Rhipicenlor spp., American cattle tick (Rhipicephalus annulntus), and Brown dog tick
(Rhipicephalus scmguineus).
LO0741 Mesostigmata: Acarina, such as Red mite (Derri?anyssus gcillinue),
25 Tropical rat mite (Ornithonyssus bacoti), Northern fowl inhe (0rnilhorzyss~i.ssy h~iarzinz),
Honeybee mite (!kirron deslructor), and Varroa mite (Var-roa jcicobsoni).
[0075] Architaenioglossa: Gastropoda, such as Apple snail (Poniacea
cnnaliculutu).
[0076] Stylommatopho~saG: astropoda, such as Giant Afiican sirail (Achnli~io
3 2
jzilict~)',l 'eri-eslrial slug (Izi~iiiiixiz cirginat~c.~S)lu, g (~\~leghi~i~cchtii/i~nieini~rr .oiz),l C attle stomach worm (A4ecisrocinzis
., .,
i
digi~ot~isB)r,o wn stomacii worn1 (Osicrlrtgiii o.steriii,yi), (~:c~ninloInu ngwor~n
(Uiclyoctti,~lzc.s,fiiu~~1i3uo)v, inc iringwor~l(i Dic~jioci~~t1vzi.vsQ ~or-us)T, liin-nccked
intestinal worm (IC'emotoclirz~s,filicolli.sS),w iue Iungwosn~( hIeiaslrongy1zi.s elongntus),
Luilgwor~n(1 ~iluroide.sh irthi), LL~II~WO((~'~I-I~I I?osocIr?~~r~uo philuF)O, XI ungworni
5 (Creno.somn vulpis), Rat lutlg worm (Angio.~lror?g~~claun.tso ner?sis), French heartworm
(Angiosirongylus vr~sorunz)a, nd Prolosti.on&ylus spy.
[0080] Aphelenchida Nematoda, such as Rice whitc tip nematode
(Aphelenchoides besseyi) and Pint wood nematode (Btlrsnphe1enchu.s xylophilus).
[0081] Tylenchida Nematoda, such as Potato cyst nematode (Globodera
10 rostochiensis), Cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenue), Soybean cyst tieillatode
(Heterodera glycines), I'eanut root-]mot nematode (Meloidogyne arenaria), Northern
root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne lzaplu), Southern root-linot nematode (Meloidogyne
incognita), Javanese root-lalot nematode (Meloidogyrze javunica), Coffee root-lesion
nematode (Prutylenchus coffeue), Tea root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus loosi), Cobb's
15 root-lesion nematode (l'rutylenchzispenelrms), and Walnut root-lesion nematode
(Prutylenchus vulnus).
[0082] Oxyurida Nematoda, such as Pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis), Equine
pinworm (Oxyuris equi), and Rabbit pinworul (Pa.s.salurus anzbiguus).
[0083] Ascaridida Nematoda, such as Pig roundworm (Ascaris suurn), Horse
20 roundworm (Pcrrascuris equonrm), Dog roundwortn (Toxasccrris leoninu), Dog intestinal
rou~ldworm( Toxocura cunis), Feline roundworm (Toxocara cuti), Large cattle
roundworm (Toxocai-a vitulorzim), Anisukis spp., Pserrdolerranova spp., Caecal worm
(Heterakis gallinnrun?), and Chicken roundworln (Ascnridia galli).
[0084] Spirurida Nematoda, such as Guinea worm (Dracunculzts medinensis),
25 Gnafhoston~dao loresi, Gnathos/omo hispidzim, Gnathostonza nipponiczmz,
Reddish-coloured woriu (Gnci/hostomcr sj~i~zigerzinzD),o g stomach worm (Yhysnloptera
ccmis), Cat stomach woi-111 (I'l~j~.scdo~teru,feliI~?f pi~ras,e j~ulic~lisF)e, linclcanine stolliach
worm (Pi?yscilol~/ercrr. nrci), Eye worn1 (Thelnziri cullipciedc~)B, ovine eyeworm (l'helctzia
r-hodesi), Large 1110~1ths tomach wor~n(D rn.schici nzegastomct), Equine stomach worm
3 4
(Itiih~~oneiIii)~~i~ c I . o . s / o IS~~~ NO)I, IIBw0Cr1~11~( IJ~ihro~~~YrI InLcI SiC C I ~()i,u llet worn
(C;ongylo1ie177po i,~lchrum)T, liick stomach worn1 (Asctrr.ol).s slrun&yiinu),P al.iililaria
(Porafilnriu bovicolrr), Pcrrc~jili~ricmr ~~ltipapillosSct~ep, hnnqfilnrici okinciwciensis,
Bancroft filaria (Wuchere~iub ~rnci-ofiiU), rugia maluyi, Neck ihreadwori~(lO iichocei-ccr
5 cerviculis), Onchocercn gih.~oiiiC, attle lilarial worn1 (Onchocercn gutturo.~~),
Onchocercn volvulus, Bovine filarial worm (Setaria digiluta), Peritoneal wor~n (Seturia
cquirta), Setaria labiotopapillu.~S~e~ta,r ia n~arshnlliD, og heartworn] (Dirofla~iaim mifis),
and African eye worm (Lou loa).
[00851 Acantliocephala, such as Monilformis nzonilifornzis and Giant
10 thorny-llcaded worm (Mac~,acuntl~orhynchhuisr udinaceus).
[0086] Pseudophyllidcan cestodes, such as Fish tapeworln (Diphyllobothriunz
erinaceieuropaei), and Diplogonoporus grandis.
100871 Cyclophyllidean cestodes, such as Mesocestoides lineatus, Chicken
15 tapeworin (Raillietina cesticillus), Fowl tapeworm (Raillietina echinobothridu), Chicken
tapeworin (Raillietina tetragonu), Canine tapeworm (Taenia hydatigena), Canine
tapeworm (Taenia multiceps), Sheep measles (Taenia ovis), Dog tapeworm (Taenia
pisfomtis), Beef tapeworm (Tuenia saginata), Tapeworm (Taenia serialis), Pork
tapewolm (Taenia soliunz), Feline tapeworm (Taeniu taeniaefornzis), Hydatid tapeworm
20 (Echinococcus granulosus), Small fox tapeworm (Echinococcus multilocular~i.r),
Echinococcz~s oligarthrus, Echinococcus vogeli, Rat tapeworm (Hymenolepis dinzinuta),
Dwarf tapeworm (Hymenolepis nancl), Double-pored dog tapeworm (Dipylidiunz
crrrzinz~niA), inoebotaenia sl~henoidesC, hoanotaenia infUndibulz~~Mi~e,t roliasthes
C O ~ L I I ~E~q~uiSn,e tapeworin (Anoplocephala magnu), Cecal tapeworm (Anoplocephnla
25 pei.loliata), Dwarf equine tapeworm (Paranoplocephala mumillana), Cornlnon tapeworm
(Moniezicr benedec'ni), Sheep tapewoi-m (Moniezia expanso), and Stilesin spp.
100881 Strigeidida trelnatodes, such as Phciry~tgostonzumc or~datu17B1l, ood fl~~lte
(Schi.rto.son7a haen7utobizim), Blood flukc (Schisroson?aj~ rpur~icurrra)n, d Bloud flctke
(Schistoso~iinr~iu nsoni).
35
/OOX'i/ Echinostomida trematodes, such as Echiiio.r/omo cine lor chi.^,
~ihino.slonich~o iiense, Giant liver flulie (l+ir.sciolgoi goiiliccr); Colnmon liver fluke
(Fu.sciola hepalicti), Fasciolol,sis huski, and iloiizrrlogc~,sler~~alonitre.
/0090] l'lagiurchiida trematodes, such as llici~ocoeliz~cmhi nei~.sisL, ancet livcr
5 fluke (Dicrocoeliunz dendriiicunz), African lancet nuke (Uicrocoelizim hospes),
Eurylrema coelomaticun7, l'ancreatic fluke (Eurytreilzap nncretrticz~nz)P, cirugoninzus
iiziyazakii, Parogoizimus ohirai, and Lung fluke (Paragonin~u~.~~ esterinnni).
[0091] Opisthorchiida trematodes, such as Ainphinzerus spp., Chinese liver flulte
(Clonorchis sinensis), Cat livcr fluke (Opisthorchis jilineus), Southeast Aasian liver fluke
10 (Opisthorchis viverrirzi), Pseudanzphistomz~ni spp., Metorchis spp., Paramelorchis spp.,
Intestinal flulie (Heterophyes heterophyes), Melagonimus yokolcawai, and Pygidiopsis
sz~nfnza.
[0092] Amebas, such as Entanzoeba histolytica, or E. invadeizs.
[0093] Piroplasmida: Sporozoa, such as Bubesia bigeminu, Bubesia bovis,
15 Babesin caballi, Babesia canis, Babesia felis, Babesin gibsoni, Babesia ovata,
Cyluu~xzoonfelisT, heileria annulala, Theileria nzutans, Theileria orienialis, and
Theileriaparva.
[0094] Haemosporida: Sporozoa, such as Haemoproleus nzansoni,
Leucocytozoon caz~lleryiP, lasmodium falciparum, Plasnzodiunz malariae, Plasmodium
20 o~wlea,n d Plasmodiuin vivax.
[0095] Eucoccidiorida: Sporozoa, such as Caryos~7oras pp., Eiineria ncervuliiza,
Einiei-ia bovis, Eimeria br7.lnetli, Eirneria maxima, Eii~zerian ecatrix, Eimeria ovinoidalis,
Eiineriu stiedae, Eimeria tenella, Isospora canis, Isosporufelis, Isospora suis, Tyzzeria
crlleni, Tyzzeria anseris, Tyzzerinperniciosa, Wenyonella analis, Wenyonella gaguri,
25 Cryptosporidiunz cawis, CryPrusj~oridiun~f.1iCs,i yplo.s/7oridism honiinis,
Cryplosporidiunz nzeleagridis, Crypiosporidiunz nzuris, Ciyptosporidiuiiz pnrvum,
Surchcystis canis, Sai-cocy.slis cruzi, Sarcocyslis,filis, Sarcocysii.~h oininis, Sarcocj~slis
miescheriana, Sai-cocystis nezrrorza, Sarcocysfis lenellcr, Sarc:ocys.tis ovnli.~i,' oxol~lasma
goi?dii, FIepr~fozoonc anij., and Jfe/~'urozoonfelis.
3 h
/OO96] Vestihnliferida: Ciliala, such as M~il~iiiiidi~cio~iifi.
[0097) 'I'richomonadida: Mastigopliora, st1c11 as Hi.cfonzriizn,s tueiengi.i~lis,
I'enlot~ichoinoniis horniiiis, and Pichonzonos rcwclr.
100981 l>iplomonadida: Mastigopliora, such as Giurdiu intestincilis, Giurclio
, 5 nzziris, Ifexami/o ~izeleagridi.~an, d IIexa17zilup urvu.
[0099] Kinetoplastida: Mastigophora, such as Leishmania donovani, Leishmania
infuntunz, Leishnzania major, Leishmirnia yfiSopica7, i.ypnrzosonza brucei gumbiense,
Tr)ipurzosonza brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, Fypanosoma equiperdum, and
Pyl>imosonza evansi. Hannful organisins in the horticulture field, and external or
10 internal parasites of livestock, poultry, pcts, or the like, which can be controlled by using
the covnpound of the present invention, are not limited to the examples above.
[0100] Meanwhile, specific examples of the diseases will be listed below.
Diseases of konjac: Dry rot (Fusarium oxysporunz, F: solani f. sp. radicicolu), Stem
rot (Atheliu rowsii), Root rot (Pythium arislosporurn), Bacterial leaf blight (Acidovorax
15 konjaci), and Soft rot (Erwinia curoyfovoru subsp. curotovora).
[0101] Diseases of Eddoe: Leaf mold (Cladosporiunz colocasiae), Dry rot
(Fu,surium oxysporunz f. sp. colocasiae), Black rot (Ceratocystis sp.), l'hytophthora blight
(Phyiophtlzora colocasiae), I'yfhium aristosporum, I! myrioiylunz, and Bacterial soft rot
(Pectohacteriuin carvlovorunz).
20 [0102] Diseases of Alliaceae crops: Leaf spot (Heterosporiunz allii), Alternasia
leaf spot (Alternariaporri),L caf spot (Pleosl~orah erbarum, Sternphylium hoyfryosuni,S .
vesicarium), Pink root rot (l'yrenochaeia yferrestris, Pyrenochaeta sp.), Leaf blight
(Bolrylis cinerea, B. bjl~.Soidf?B~. ,s quaniosu), Gray Inold (Bofryrisc inerea), Onion gray
mold necli rot (Botrylis ullii), Small sclerotial rot (Botryyfiss quanzosa), Lcaf blight
25 (Ciborinia allii), Dry rot (Ftisariunz oxysporzim), Fusarium basal rot (Fusarium
o,xysporunt f. sp. allii, P: soluni f. sp. radicicola), Onion fusariuiu basal rot (Fz~sarizinz
: oxy,s]~orurifz. sp. cepue), Rust (Pucciniu allii), Sinut (Urbcy,stti cepulae), Alliuin white rot
(Sclero~iumce pivoru~n)S, outhern blight (Ayfhelitrr oljsii), Damping-off (Khizo~oniu
tolani, Pjifhium sp.), Do\vny inildcw (I'eronosporn dest~,zic/or)P, hytophthoi-a hlight
3 7
( I ' / ~ ~ I o ~ I ~r7I i~co~/iIcr. nL(rIe ),1 ,caf blight (I'/7j~loy~hlho!p'oui -ri), Oniol? sost rot
(Bzirkhulciei-icr cepucicr), Bacterial rot (Pseudon?onn.cc. ici~oriiI,? 117iii'j;inalip~v .
mcrrgincrlis, E!*ld~inisop .), Bacterial basal bulb rot (P.se~rcfor~~.osnpu.)s, and Bacterial soft
rot (Pec~ob~rc/eri~crirrrno lovor~nn).
5 [O 1031 Diseases of asparagus: Leaf spot (Cei*cosporu uspnrugi), Stemphyliurn
leaf spot (Slemphjiliunz botiyosunz), and Stem blight (I'homopsi,~u spurugi).
[0104] Diseases of Chinese yam: Brown rot (Fuscrrium oxysportinz, F solani f,
sp. pi.si, 1. sp. mdicicola), Antbracnose (Glomer-ella cingulatu), and Leaf spot
(l~seudophloeosl~oreldlaio scoreue).
10 [0105] Diseases of rice: Stem rot (fIelminthosporium signzoideunz var.
ir~eguinre) b, row^^ spot (Cocl~liohnlunsz iyabeanus), Seedling blight (Phoma sp.,
Tiichodernza viride, F ~ I S U Is~o~laZniI, IGIi~bb erella avenacea, Mticorfragilis, Rhizopzrs
arrhizus, R. chinensis, R. oryzae, Pythiunz arrhenon?anes, P grcrminicola, I] irregulare, P
spinosum, l? sylvoticunz), False smut (Villosiclava vii*ens), "Babanae" disease (Gibberella
15 fujik~.rroi),B last (Magnaporthe grisea), Stem rot (Magnaporthe salvinii), Sheath blight
(Thanatephorzrs cucunzeris), Bacterial grain rot (Burkholderia gladioli, B. glunme),
Bacterial seedling blight (Burkholderiaplantarii), Bacterial brown stripe (Acidovorax
avenge subsp. avenue), Bacterial leaf blight (Xanlhonzonas oryzae pv. oryzae), and
Bacterial palea browning (Pantoea ananalis).
20 [0106] Diseases of wheat varieties: Speckled leaf blotch (Mycosphoo~ella
gmminicola), Gluine blotch (Phaeosphaeria nodorum), Spot blotch (Coch1iobolu.s
sarivus), Barley stripe (Pyrenophora graminen), Barley net blotch (Pyrenophorn ieres),
Barley powdery mildew (Blunzeria graminis f. sp. hordei), Wheat powdery mildew
(Blumeria grAaminis f. sp. tritici), Rye powdery mildew (Bltimeria grrnninis f. sp. secalis),
25 Eyespot (Tupesia acufonni.~7,: )~allunclae)S, clerotinia snow blight (Sclerolinin borecrlis),
Ergot (C'1crvicep.sp urpurea), Fusarium blight (Fus~~rizrncz~ ~ooliwellensIe;, ct.rinzorzim,
C;ibherella ai~enaceaG, zeae), Take-all (G~leziinonr?onqicegsr oizzinis), Snow mold
(A.loi?ogrc~~~henlilvcrrr lis),C ephalosporium stripe (Cel~hulo.spori~g~rcmrn 1inec1117S)c, ald
(Ki~yncho.~~~oseiic~urlirsi')~;S tem rust (Puccinia granzinis), Barley lcaf rust (Pucci~?icr
38
hoi,iIei), Brown I-~rs(tP ztccinio recor?di/o).S tripe rust !i'riccii?iii sii.iifi~i.117iv.sa r.
.slrijformis), Flag sniut (~/,.ocj:sli.isrg r,opyri); Covered smut (l1,~filirghoo rde;),L oose smut
(CJ.stililgo nndci), Aunt (Tilleli~ciu ries, T lucvi.~)S; tinking srnrlt (lilletio con/roi,ersu),
Typhula suow blight (Tyl~hi~inlcc~ur rznfe, 1: ishik~rrieirs;v.a~c ishi/curien.sis),i :oot-rol
5 (Ceratobu.sidiunz cornigerum), Browning root rot (Pj)thizrnzg ru~~zinicolPu ,
horiizouchiense, P i~oayanzaiP, oknnogunense, P puddicunz, P vnntcr;r~ooliPi, volutunz),
Bacterial halo blight (Pseudonzonas syriizgue pv. coro~?ufuciensa),n d Bacterial black
node (Psezldornonas syringue pv. syringae).
[0107] Discases of grasses: Dollar spot (Sclerofinia honzoeocurpa), Fairy rings
10 (Bovista dermoxanlha, Conocybe upala, I,el~i.sta sz~bnztdrrL, ycoperdon curtisii, L.
perlatum, Marasmius oreades), Rhizoctonia patch (Cerafobclsidiunz spp.), Brown patch,
Large patch (Rhizoctonicr solani), Rust (Puccinia zoysiue), and Pythium blight (Pythium
graminicola, l? periploczmz, l? ~~anterpoolii).
[0108] Diseases of sugarcane: Leaf scorch (Stugonosporci sacchari), Top rot
15 (Fusarium moniliforme var. nzajus, Gibberella fujikuroi, G fwikuroi var. subglutinans),
Orange rust (Puccinia kuehnii), Brown rust (Pucciizia melonocephala), and Sugarcane
smut (Sporisoriwn scifanzii?ezmz).
[0109] Diseases of corns: Southern leaf blight (Cochliobolzts helerostrophus),
Northern leaf blight (Setosphaeria turcica), Seedling blight (Gibberella avenacea,
20 l'enicilliu~ns p.), Souiltern rust (Pucciizir~polysoru)C, orn stnut (Uslilago maydis), Sheath
blight (Thanatephorus cucunzeris), and Browuing root rot (Pythium arrhenonzanes, l!
gmnzinicola).
[0110] Diseases of bananas: Black sigatoka (M)~cosl2haerella,fijiensisY),e llow
sigatolta lcaf spot (Mycosphuerellu musicoln), and Panama disease (Fusarium oxysporum
25 f. sp. cubense).
[011 I ] Diseases ofZ ingiberaceae crops: Leaf spot (M~:co.~~~huezrienlg/iub eris),
Leaf spot (Phyllostic/az ingiberis), Blast (Pjiriculi~riczci ngiberis), Rhizoc/ot?ias oluni, and
Root rot (Pythiunz ulfirzzz~nzf!, zii?giberis).
[0112] Diseases of sugar bccts: Ccrcosporii lea[ spot (Cercosporcr helicolu),
3 9
Iiarl~~ilmi1ac ;ifspoi (RUI~LI/LijIeI/.ic;oLiIc ~1),.e af spot (P1eo.vl~i1i.hne tcre), Powdery iiiildew
(Erysiphe betne), Leaf blightllloot rot (7%crncttephorz1.cs ucuineris), Aplianomyces root I-ot
(ilphaizon?~,cecso chlioicfe.r)a, nd Datnping-off(P1eosporu belcte, Fu.unriuiv sp.,
Colleto/r.ich~tndze iizcttiimz, Khizoclonio .solrri~iA, phnnotri,yces cochlioides, Pythiunz
5 deburyanunz).
[0 11 31 Diseases of spinach: Leaf spot (Cercospora beticola), Leaf mold
(C1adosporiun.z varicrbiie), Fusarium wilt (Fusuriunz oxysporum f. sp. ,spinacicte),
Anthracnose (Colletotuichuin deiniltiunz f. .sp.,inuciae),F oot rot (Rl?izoctonias olrmi), Root
rot (Aphanonzyces cochlioides), Downy mildew (Peronos]?orafa rinosa f. sp. spinacicre),
10 Danrping-off (Pylhiunz aphcr~~idernzntuIn! ~i,~ zyriolyluml,? paroecandrunt, I! zrltimum var.
ullimum), and Bacterial lcafspot (Pseudoinonas syringue pv. spinaciae).
[0114] Diseases of grapes: Isariopsis leaf spot (Pseudocercospora vitis),
Anthracnose (Elsinoe anzpelinn), Powdery mildew (Uncinulu necator), Gray mold
(Bolrytis cinerea), Swelling arm (Diaporthe kyushuensis), Bud blight (Diaporthe rudis),
15 Dead asrn (Phomopsis viticolu), Ripe rot (Colletotrichunz aculatum, Glo~nerella
cingulalu), Rust (Physopella anzpelopsidis), and Downy mildew (Plasnzopara vilicolu).
101 151 Diseascs of Fabaceae crops: Purple stain (Cercospora kikuchii), Ring
spot (Cercospora zonara), 13rown Leafspot (Mycosphaerella arachidis), Leaf spot
cMycosphaerella berkeleyi), Mycosplraerella blight (Mycosphaerellapinodes), Angular
20 leaf spot (Phaeoisariopsis griseolu), Ascochyta blight (Ascochytapisi), Browrr spot
(Didymella,firbae),P owdery ~llildew(E rysiphe pisi, Sphaerotheca fuliginea), Gray mold
(Bolrytis cinerea), Chocolate spot (Botrytis cinerea, B. elliptica, B. fabae), Stem rot
(Sclerotiniu sclerotiorunz), Crown axid root rot (Culoneclria ilicicola), Root rot (Fusuritinz
arthuosporioides, F: ui~enucero?F?:, ~yporotrichioides)F, usarium root-rot (Fusarizm7
25 cuneirostrunz), Fusarium wilt (fisarizrtn oxyslmrztnz f. sp. adzukicola), Stem wilt
(F'zrsuriun?a ~~enncez~Fn ?o,x j,s~~orztifi.? s p.,filb~le)R, oot rot (Fztsarium soluili f. sp, pisi),
Anlhracnose (Colle~o~richluini?~d en?~t!hionunA~n)l,h uacnose (Colletotrichtnz
phaseolor~~~Aint)t;h racnose (Colle~o~richulmrif blii, C lruncutzmz, Glon?ereli(tg lycines,
Gloeosporium sp.), Brow11s tem rot (Phiulophora ,y~.eficr/u)S, oybean rust (Phnlopsorn
40
]>ac/zjirhizi)l,i irst (~/ro~iq~j?cie~as. ?eo/via r. ~lzr.ilricoia)R, tist (Uron'iyce.?p ho.seo/i var.
]~haseo/i)R,u st (01~o11ij1cvei.csi tie,iiihne var. viciue:fabae), Southern blight (/llhelii~
rolfsii), Downy mildew (f'eronospora nzcn?shuricn), Phytophthora root and stcln rot
(Phyloplzthorr~.r ojoe), Phyfoiii?tl~orvni gnrre f. sp. adzukicola, Bacterial pustule
5 (Xunthonzonns cunzpestris pv. glycines), Bacterial blight (i'seudonzona.~si rvu.stanoi pv.
glycinea), Halo blight (Pseudonzor?as savastanoi pv. pl7aseolicola), and Pseudonlonas
syringae pv. syringae.
[0116] Diseases of bops: Powdery mildew (Oidium sp., Sphaeroiheca
interntediu), Gray mold (Bolrylis cinerea), Hop wilt (firlicillium albo-atrunt), and
10 Downy mildew (Pseui{operorzospora humuli).
[0117] Diseases of fig trees: Souring (Candida sorbosa, Candida sp., Pichin
klnyveri), Fig scab (Sphacelon~aca i"icae), Gray mold (Rotrytis cinereu), Ceratocystis
canker (Cernfocystisfinzbriala),W hite root rot (Rosellinia necatrix), Atlthracnose
(Glomerella cir?gulalu), Rust (Phakopsora nishidana), Iihizopus rot (Rhizopus slolonifir
15 var. siolon$er), and White powdery rot (Phytophthorapalnzi~~ora).
[0118] Diseases of mulberries: Powdery mildew (Phyllaclinia nzoricola), Twig
blight (Hy~~omycseosla ni f. sp. mori, f. sp. pisi, Gibberella baccata), Dieback (Diupurthe
nonzurai), White root rot (Rosellinia necatrix), Violet root rot (Helicobasidizmz
longisporunz), Red rust (Aecidiunz ntori), Bacterial blight (Pseudomonas syringae pv.
20 mori), and Shoot soft rot (Peelobacterium carotovorum).
[0119] Diseases of roses: Stem canker (Lepiosylzaeria coniotlzyrizuw), Powdery
rnildew (Podosphaernpannosa, Uncinuliella simulans), Black spot (Diplocai.paiz rosne),
Botrytis blight (Botrytis cinereo), Rust (Kuehneola,japonica, Phrugnzidiuin,fi~szformeP,
niucronorunz, P rosae-iizul~iflorae)D, owny mildew (Peronospora spursa), and Crown
25 gall (Ag~obucteriuntzr ,m~ficicns).
[0120] Diseases of strawberries: Leaf spot (Mycos~~haer-eflrlag ariae), J'owdery
mildew (Sphaerolhecu c~]~hanvia,sr . aphanis), Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), Fusariu111 ,
wilt ( F L ~ G I Io-x~yLspIoIrIz~lm f. sp.,fi.ogarirre), Leaf blight (Phomopsis obscurtms), Crown
rot (CoIlc/o/l-ich~N~?CtL I ~ ~ ~ ZLIl J,Jfi~.q, arioe, Gloiizeiella cingulafa),P hytophtiiora rot
4 1
(Phyfophihorirc rrcior.ii~~P? ,~ ilicolicrncieP, I?)iio~ph~hoi.s.cpr.) , and Red sielc (f'h)~ii~j~hlhi~r(~
fi..agciiiiie).
[01211 Diseases ofloquats:E ntoll~osporiumle al'spot (Diplocui..~?omne s~~ili),
Gray leaf spot (Pestalolicr erioho/ri/blin, Pestcilofia~?si.~,fi~i?erie3 a~l,? eglecln)W, hite root
5 rot (Roselli~iune cafrix),A nthracnose (Colletutrichum aculcrlu~?zG, loinereli'a cingzilrrlcr),
and Canker (l'seudomon~~sysr irzgae pv. eriobotrycre).
[0122] Diseases of apples: Fruit spot (Ai(ycosphaerellilponzi), Alternaria blotch
(Alternaria mali), Scab (Venrurin Inaequalis), Ring rot (Bo/iyosphaeria Oerengeriana 1.
sp. piricola), Fly spcck (Schizothyriumpomi), Powdery mildew (Podosphaera
10 leucotricha), Rlotcli (Diplocai-pon inali), Blossoln blight (Moniliniu mali), Valsa canker
(Valsa ceratosperma), White root rot (Rosellinia necatrix), Bitter rot (Colletolrichum
acutatunz, Glonzerella cingulata), Sooty blotch (Phyllachoraponzigena), Violet root rot
(Helicobasidium longisporunz), Rust (Gyrnnosporai?gi~iyna inadae), and Fire blight
(Erwinia nmylovora).
15 101231 Diseases of nashi pears: Black spot (Altenzaria kikuchiana), Brown spot
(Steinphylium sp.), Scab (Vcnluria nashicola), King rot (Botryo.sphaeria berengeriana T.
sp.piricolu), Shoot blight (Botryosphaeria dothiden), Powdery mildew (Phyllactinia
inali), Phomopsis canker (Phonzopsisfukushii), Coral spot (Nectria cinnabarinu), White
root rot (Rosellinia necatrix), Anthracnose (Colletotrichun? acutalunz, Glomerella
20 cingulata), Rust (C;yrrznosporarlgilrn?naz sinticum), Phytophthora fruit rot (Phylophthora
cactorum, 19 syingae), Bacterial black spot (Pseudo~onzonassy ringue pv, syiizgae), and
Fire blight (Erwinia an?ylovorn).
[0124] Diseases of apricots: Scab (Vmtt~~*ciaur pophila), Zonate leafspot
(G~oi~esiniu~~i*Bzr/onwi)n, rot (Morziliniaf,i zfcticoln, M fiuctigentr, A4 lam),S hoot blighl
25 (Co~yneuinsp .), Anthracnose (Gloeosporiut~zs p., Colletolrichtrin acvtcitunz), and
Bacterial shot hole (Xanthonzonas canzpestris pv. p ~ ~ ~ n i ) .
[0125] Diseases ofJ apanese apricots: Scab (I'111uriu cniyml~hilo)G, ray mold
(Ilo/ryli.s ci~zer-ea)Z, onatc leaf spot (Groi~esinicrpruni)B, rown rot (Morililiu nz~tmecola,
Mo~tiliniufrz~cficMol.~ l,tr xri), Anthracnose (Colietolrichu~?u?c zrfalum, Glonier-ella

41
(P.scricio~~~ri.i~no~clrih/~c(i?~.~ri-.rc)r,B row11r ol (Pli~~/o~~hthciori,..cric i),P hytophlhora rol
(Pl~jiiophthornc apsici, I? cqp+ogeo,P n7eloni.r, I! nicofini7ne),P ytllium fruit rot
(I'yihizim ciphaniderrnulum), Bacterial fl-uit blotch (Acidovorcrx m)ennc subsp. cilrzilli):
Bacterial spot (Xar?/ho~~.ioncuu.sn ipestri.~p v. cucatrhitae),M arginal blight (Psetrc!or~ionns
5 murgino1i.s pv. nzurginolis, l? viridifklva), and Angular leaf spot (I'seudon~onus .syringae
pv. lachryr~~ans).
101301 Diseases of Japanese chestnuts: Endothia canker ((Cyphorr?ectrici
parasitica) and Anthracnose (Clomerella cingulata).
[013 11 Diseases of Brassicaceae vegetables: White spot (Psetidocei~cosporellu
10 capsellue), Black leg (Leptosphaeria maculans), Alternaria leaf spot (Alternoria
brassicae, A. brassicicola, A. juponica), Allernaria sooty spot (Alternaria hrussicicola),
Black leg (Phomu wasabiae), Gray mold (Botrytis cine/-ea), Snow mold (Sclerolinia
nivalis, Typhulujaj~onica1,: incarnale, 7: ishikariensis var. ishiktrrien~is)S, clerotinia rot
(Scleroiinia scleroriorurn), Yellows (Fusarium oxysporunz f sp. conglutinuns), Ycllows
15 (Fusariunz oxyspor.unz f. sp. raphani), Verticillium black spot (Verlicilliunz albo-airur~ai,.i
dahliue), Yellows (Veriicilliunz dahliae), Verticilliunl wilt (Verticilliuna longisporunz),
Anthracnose (Colletotrichum dernalium, C. destructil~uinC, higginsianz/n?),D alllping-off
(Rhizocionia solani), Club root (Plasmodiophora brcissicae), White rust (Albugo
n~acrospora)W, hite rust (Albugo wasabiae), Downy mildew (Hyalol~eror?ospora
20 brassicae), Downy mildew (Per-onosporu alliariae-wasubi), Downy mildcw
(Peronosporapnrasificu),D amping-off ( P h ib uisina~?iaeP, zingiberis, Rkizoclonin
solani), Damping-off (Pylhiunz sp.), Black rot (Xar?thonzonas canlpeslris pv. cnnzpestris),
Nead rot (PseudomonasJIuorescens, I? viridijluva, Pectobacterizrm car*oiovorunz),
Bacterial black spot (Pseudonzonus syringae pv. nzaculicola), and Bactcrial soft rot
25 (Peclobtrcter.iz/m caroravorum, I! wasabiae).
[0132] Diseases orpapayas: Phytophthora blight (Pl~loi,hfhoruni coiinnue).
[a1331 i Diseases of okras: Brown leaf mold (Pseztdocercosporu ubelnzoschi).
Alternaria rot (Alternaria alternata), Pod spot (Phomn exigtiu var. esigucr), Powdery
n~ilde\i(lL ei~eillz/llau ui'ica), Gray mold (Bolrylis cir7eieu), Black root rot (Thiclin~iopsis
44
hnsicol~r)D, aiilping-off (Rii.lizocloi?icr. sol~ii?Pi, j~~hiiiimrit iivum var. ~illi1771iP11~1it, hiiiiiis p.),
and /'seudoiizor~u.sc ichorii, I? viriii[/lol~cr.
[0134] Diseases of mangos: Anthracnosc (Collefotr.ichzinc~i cziflrtrim,G lornerelln
cinguiata).
5 [0135] Diseascs of citruses: Greasy spot (Mycosphaerellu citri, M. horii), Scab
(Elsinoefuwcellii), Black rot (Alternaria citri), Colnrnol~g reen mold (Penicilliwm
digitalum), Blue Inold (Penicilliz~mit alicurn), Gray mold (Botryfisc inerea), Melanose
(Diaporthe citri), Mela~loseli ke blemish (Alternaria citri, Lliaporthe rudis), White root
rot (Rosellinia necatrix), Anthracnose (Glomereila cingulata), Brown rot (Pl?yfophfhora
10 citricola, P citrophlhom, P nicoticmae, P palnzivora), and Citrus canker (Xanlhonzonas
citri suhsp. citri).
[0136] Diseases of kiwifruits: Sooty spot (Pseudocercospora uctinidiae), Soft
rot (Bot~yosphaeriad othidea, Lasiodiplodiu theohronzue, 1)ial~orthes p.), Gray mold
(Botrytis cinerea), White root rot (Rosellinia necatrix), Antl~racnose( Colletotrichum
15 acutarum, Glomerella cingulata), Bacterial blossom blight (Pseudoinonus marginalis pv.
nzurginalis, P syringae pv. syringae, P viridijlava), and Bacterial canker (Pseudomonas
syringae pv. actinidiae).
[0137] Diseases of kaki persiminons: Angular leaf spot (Cercospora kaki),
Circular leaf spot (A4ycosphuerella naiuae), Black spot (Fusicladiunz levieri), Fly speck
20 (Schizothyriumpomi), Powdery mildew (I'hyllactinia kakicolrr), Gray inold (Uotrytis
cinerea), Black leaf spot (Discosiroma sp.), and Anthracilose (Glomerella cingulata).
[0138] Diseases of blueberries: Gray Inold (Bofiytis cine/-ea) and Valdensia leaf
blight (Valdensia hereroduxa).
[0139] Diseases or tea plants: Brown round spot (Cercospora chacre,
25 Pseudocercospora ocellala), Anthracnose (Disculo thecre-sinensis), Gray blight
(Pestaloliopsis longiseta, P tI?eae), White root rot (1lo.selliniir izecatrix), Brow11 blight
(G1on:erella cingulalu), Net blister blight (Exobrr.r.iu'iu11r7e ticulc~tainz)B, lister blight
(I~xohasidiz~v~exizc rr?s),B lack rot (Cerotobosidi~rn7sp .); and Bacterial shoot blight
(Psrirdonzoi~as yringue pv. therre).
/i 5
/ 01401 Discases of shiso: (:osynespora leal'spot (('oi~.yi?c.si,orc~o.r.s siico/i~a)n d
llust ((IoI~os~~~ri~iii~]~lec~~~cri?lhi).
[Old l] Diseases of sesame: Stcnl rot (Atheliu I-olfiii),B acterial will (Rcrlstonic~
solaizrrceurzinz), and Bacterial lcaf spots (P.sevdon?onc~s,ry i*i~zgupev . sesaini).
5 [0142] Discascs of sweet potatoes: Stem rot (Fu'usuriunz onysporunz f. sp. balalns,
F solani), Black rot (Ccrulocy.sti.sJimhrinta), Violet root rot (I3elicobusidiuin
longisporunz), Soft rot (Xhizopz~s t ~ l o nv~arr. slolonijer, R, trilici), and Soil rot
(Slrcptonzyces ipomoeoe).
[0143]. Diseases oftomatoes: Leaf mold (Mycovellosiella,fulva)C, ercospora
10 leaf mold (I'seudoccrcos~~oif*ual igenu), Corynespora target spot (Corynespora
cassiicola), Early blight (Alterncrriu solani), Leafspot (Stemphylizmz lycopersici, S.
solani), Brown root rot (Pyrenochacla lycopei-sici), Powdery mildew (Leveillula tuurico,
Oidiliill neolycopersici, Oidiunz sp.), Gray inold (Hotrytis cinerea), Sten1 rot (Sclerotinia
sclei*oliorum),F nsariuln wilt (Fusc~i~iuonxzy sporunz f. sp. lycopersici), Crown and root rot
15 (Fusariunz osysporum f. sp. rudicis-lycopcrsici), Verticillium wilt (Verticilliunz duhliae),
Southern blight (Athclia I-oljsii), Damping-off (Khizoclonia solani, Pythiunz vexanns), Late
blight (Phylophthora infestans), Bacterial canlter (Clavibacter nzichiganensis subsp.
michiganensis), Bacterial wilt (Ralstoniu soltmacearum), Bacterial spot (Xanlhomonas
canzpestris pv. vesicatoria), and Bacterial soft rot (Peclobacteriurn carolavorum).
20 [0144] Diseases of eggplants: Leaf mold (Mycovellosiella natfrassii), Leaf spot
(Parcicercos~~oreag enuln), Black blight (Corynespora cassiicola), Early blight
(Alternarin solani), Powdery mildew (Eiysiphc cichoracearun~L, eveillula tnurica,
Sphaerothecafi~liginen)G, ray mold (Uo/i:)iti.rc irierea), Stem rot (Sclerotinia
.sclerotiorun?), i;tlscrriuiii osysl1orui7z f. sp. ntelongcnae, Vesticillium wilt (Verticilliunz
25 dahlicre),B rown spot (I'huirropsis vexons), Soutl~ernb light (Athclia rolfsii), Danping-off
(Rhizoctonia solaizi), Brown rot (Phj~lophlhorccr apsici), Late blight (Phytoph~hora
iii?fi.sltms),B acterial wilt (Rals/oi?ics~o lanocearunz), and Kecrotic leaf spot (Pseudoiiio~zas
cichorii).
LO1 451 Diseases of polaloes: Early blight (A/I?~.i?(~sroialn ni), Dry rot (firsuri~mz
4 6
~jry.~~~oiif'~uslciiri.i~un~is, o iirni r. sl~e.z iinorlii, 1. sp. r~UII'ci~o/Aot)~, thracnosc
(Colle~oii.ichumc occode.~B),l ack scurf (Tl~i7irnc1lephoruc.v~ rc~~nieriP.so)w, dery Scab
(~xn7gosj1ora.r ub/c~rrc~nfe.u s p. .s~thlerrcmecr)L, ate blight (P17ytc1pltthoi.ui nfislans), Ring
rot (Clavihacler inichiganensis snbsp. Sepedonicus), Scab (S/rep/oi~iyce.ssp p.), Bacterial
5 wilt (Ralstoniu solai7acearzrm), Black icg (Dickeya dianlhicola, Peclohacleriznn
alroseylicun?,P ccn.otovorzon), and Bacterial soit rot (Peclohacteriun~c ui-otovoruii?).
LO1461 Diseases of chili peppers and bcll peppers: Frogeye leaf spot
(Cercospora capsici), Coryncspora blight (Corynesporn ca.rsiicoln), Stell~phyriumle af
spot (Sfenipliylium lycopersici), Powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica), Gray mold
10 (Uolrytis cinema), Sclerotinia rot (Sclerolinia sclerotiorunz), Fusarium wilt (Fn.sariztm
oxyspo~,um)A, ntliracnose (Collefotrichunz ucutatunz, C. capsici, C. nigrrtn~)S, outhern
blight (Afheliu roljiii), Da~nping-off (Rhizoctonia solani), Phytophthol-a blight
(Phytoj~hthorac apsici), Bacterial wilt (Rmlstonia solanaccorum), Bacterial spot
(Xanlhontonas canzpestris pv. vesicaloria), and Bacterial soft rot (Peclobacteriunz
15 carolovorum).
[0147] Discases of tobaccos: Brown spot (A1ler;naria adternalu), Sore shin
(Rhizoctonia solani), Black shank (Phytophthora nicotianue), and Bacterial wilt
(Rulstonia solunucearunz).
[0148] Diseases of celery: Early blight (Cercospora apii), Late blight (Seploria
20 apiicola), and Bacterial soft rot (Peelobacterium carolovorurn).
[0149] Diseases of Japanese honeywort: Sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia
scleroliorum), Fusariunz oxysporunz f. sp. apii, Rust (Puccinia tokyensis), Rl~izocfonia
solani, Downy mildew (Plasriiopara nivea), and Pythiunz aphaniderntulunz, P.
apleroricum, Pythiunz sp.
25 [0150] Diseases of cat-rots: Cercospora blight (Cer-cospora carotne), 1,eafblight
(Al/en.ruria~ ULICA;lt)e,r naria black rot (Allernaria radicina), Powdery mildew (Erjj~sij3he
3 herirelei), Sclerotinia 1-ot (Scleroliniu nzinor, S. scler.otioruni), Dry rot (Fti.srri.iunz solani f.
sp. i-adicicoltr, Gibberellu nvcncrceo), Violet root rot (Ilelicobasidiunz longis]7orunz),
Southern blight (Alhelicr I-olisii), Soulhcrn blight (Athe:iu rolfiii), Damping-oft'
47
(Rhisocloi?iii .solnnij, Bro\.vn blotted root rot (1'yihitin.is ~ilcciiurn)C, rown gall
(Agrobnclei.i~l~liu.ii ~ej?iciens)a,n d Bacterial soil rot (Pec/~~h(.ic/ericzoimro toi'oi.un7).
r015 I] Diseases of parsley: Leaf spot (Cei-cos]~oi.cii~ ] ~ iPio)w, dery milde\v
(Erysiphe heruelei), Phjitophlhora nicolianue, and Bacterial soft rot (Pecrohciclerirtnz
5 carofovorz~m).
LO1521 Diseases ofAralia elata: Spot anthrac~losc(E lsinoe nraline) and
Phylophlhora cactoruin.
[0153] Diseases ol'udos: Leaf spot (Al~ernariapanaxA, lternaria sp.),
Sclerotinia rot (Sclerotiizin sclerotiorum), Verticillium wilt (Vevticilliunz dahliae, J/
10 nigrescens), Southern blight (Arhelia rolfiii), and Phytophthora rot (I'hylophlhora
caclorunz).
LO1541 Diseases of lettuce: Gray mold (Botryris cinerea), Stem rot (Scleroliniu
sclerotiorum), Root rot (Fusarium oxjjsporum f. sp. Itrctucae), Bottom rot (Rhizoctoniu
solani), Downy mildew (Hremia laciucue), Bacterial spot (&nthomonas axonopodis pv.
15 vitians), Bacterial rot (Pseudonzonas cichorii, l3 marginalis pv. Marginalis, l? virid~jlava),
and Bacterial soft rot (Peclobac1eriunz carotovorum).
[0155] Diseases of Chrysanthemum morifolium: Leafspot (Septoria
chrysanlhemella), Leaf blight (Septoria obesa), Ray blight (Didynzella chrysanthen~i),
Powdery mildew (Erysiph.e cichoracearum var. cichovacearum), Botrytis blight (Botrytis
20 cinerea), Stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorunz), Wilt (firlicilliunz dahline), Rust
(Phakopsora artemisiae), Rust (Puccinia horiana), Rust (Puccinia /anaceti var. tanaceti),
Petal blight (itersoniliaperplexans), Southern blight (Athelia roljisii), Root and stein rot
(Ceratobusidi~imc ornigerunz, Rhizoctonia solani), Downy nlildew (Peroi7os11ora dunica),
Phytophthora rot (I'hytophthora cuetorun?, I'hytophlhora sp.), Crown gall
25 (/lgrohacteriunz lumefaciens), Bacterial wilt (Rnlsto~?isao lcmnceurun?), and Bacterial
stcm rot (Pectobac/erittnz curotovorunz).
[0156] Diseases of crown daisies: Leaf blight (C.'erco.s~~ocrhu~ ynnlhenzi),
Anthracnose (Colleto~richuiui~c ufcilum),a nd Downy inildew (Perono.sporu
cl.iiys~mlhenzi-coronarii).
4 8
[[I1 571 Diseascs of sunllowers: LeaI's11ot (,5cpiorici hrliiinihi), teas spot
(AIternrri.iii /?elirinihi), Pnwdci-y milclc\v (E~ysiphec icl7orc~ceur~~Ctm;o,I ovinon~yces
cichorciceciru17zv ar. l~iiis~~o~O~idzizrisn,7 sp., Podos1~haern,fiiscct)G, ray inold (Bofrylis
cinereu), Sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia sc/c~r~o~iorui7R7o),o t and stem rot (Rhizocloniti
5 solani), Downy mildew (Plasnioptrra htrlsfedii), Bacterial leaf spot (Pseudomonas
syringoe pv. hdlianthi), and Pectobacterium ctnrotovorunz.
[OI 581 Diseases of ftrki: Verticillium wilt (J4rliciZlium dahliae) and Southern
blight (Afhelia ro1f.S).
[0159] Diseases of burdocks: Leaf spot (Phonza exigua var. exiguu), Powdery
10 mildew (Podosj7haera,f~sca)B, lack streak (Itersoniliapevl~lexans)B, lack scurf
(Rhizocfonin soluni), Pythium i~~egularaen,d Bacterialspot (Xanthomonas canzpesfri.p~v .
nigromuculnns). Diseases ofplants, wllich can be controlled by using the compound of
the present invention, are not limited to the exanlples above.
[0160] Compound (1) and a composition of the present invention containing
15 Conlpound (1) are useful for controlling Stink bugs, Hemiptera l'entatomidae, which
have been problematic in soybean fields in recent years,.or are useful for controlling
weevils, Curculionidae Family, which have been problematic in cotton fields.
[0161] Also, Cornpouild (2) a ~ad co mposition of the present invention
containing Conlpouud (2) are useful for controlling Stink bugs, Hemiptera Pentaiomidae,
20 which have been problematic in soybean fields in recent years, or are useful ibr
controlling weevils, Curculionidae Fauily, which have been problematic in cotton fields.
101 621 Compound (1) and the composition of the present invention containing
Compound (1) are useful for controlling pests parasitic to honey bees, whicl~h ave becn
prohlcmatic in I-ecent years.
25 [Ol63] Also, Compound (2) and the composition of the present invention
containing Compound (2) are uscful for controlling pests parasitic to honey bees, which
have bccn problematic in recent years.:
101641 Examples of the pest parasitic to honey bees inclrtdc lr~x~eybee
microsporidia (No.seiiia apis), Varsoa mite, Accrrcipis ~loodiA, efl?ii?~izii ~izidciA, c11i.oiu
4 'I
~ ~ M ( J ( ( I I coI hsc~ire~~i//eialncdt , Goiieriii i~?eiior?e//(ow ax moth lai-vac). Aillong thenr,
,,I-t -o :~m ite, Ti.opiltreinl,s clarccze, and Acar~rpis1 .1~oodai xp reSerred.
[0165J Exainplcs of the honcy bees includc humble bees. stingless bees, A1~i.s
clorsa/n, /lj~isi tiboriosn, Apisjlorea, Apis nr~rh*er~iformAivp, is me/l(f.i-~/il, l~irc erana, and
5 Apis koschevr~iko~~Ai.m ong thcm, Apis melliferu ai~dAp is ceruncr are preserred. The
honey bees refer to all inembers in the population, including workers, drones, eggs,
larvae, pupae, and queen.
[0166] That is, the composition of the present iilventioll al~dth e method of the
present iilvelltion are extremely effective to harmful orgallisms that are resistant to
10 conventional insecticides, such as 01-ganophospborus conlpounds, carbainate cocnpounds
and pyrethroid compounds; and harmful organisms belonging to insects of Coleoptera,
Ilyinenoptera, Lcpidoptera, Diptera, Siphonaptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Psocodea
(Mallophage and Anoplura), Otthoptera, Dictyoptera, Isoptera, Collembola, or the like;
crustaceans of Isopoda or the like; mites of Astigmata (Acaridae, Analgidac, Psoroptidae,
15 and Sarcoptidae), Prostigmata (Cheyletidae, Demodieidae, Eriophyidae, Tarsonemidae,
Tetratlychidae, Penthaleidae, and Trombiculidae), Metastig~nata( Argasidae and Ixodidae),
Mesostigmata (Dermanyssidae, Macronyssidae, and Varroidae), or the like; Gastropoda;
and ne~natodeso f Trichocephalida, IZhabditida, Strongylida, Aphelenchida, Tylenchida,
Ascaridida, Camallanida, Oxyuiida, Spirurida, or the likc; can effectively be controlled
20 with low conceiltratior~s. Meanwhile, the co~npositiono f the present invel~tioa~nd~ t he
method of the present invention have extremely little adverse effects to mammals, fishes,
crustaceans, and beneficial insects (useful insects, such as honey bees and buinble Bees;
and natural enemy insects, such as Aphelinidae, Aphidiidae, 'hchinidae, and Orius), and
thus have usef~tcl haracteristics.
25 [0167] When the first active ingredieilt con~pound1 and thc sccond active
ingredient coinpound I1 shown in Table I are combined in the composition of the present
illvention, the co~npositiolol S the present invention and the method of the present
invention provide excellent synergistic effects, particularly lo miles and Heiniptera pests.
The synergistic effects are illole proininent to spider mites, such as 1'~inonjichus cirri,
50
li?ir.ciriychus ~ir.iic~raen,d Tetron~ich~kia.n~z cri~~cailii ?ong tl~cin iies; and to apliids and
whiteflies among the Mcmiptera pcsts.
[0168] The "plants" hcreiri refers to Trachcopliyta, such as grain, rruits, and
vegetables, which are cultivated as food of humans; lbragc CI-opsl iw livestock, poultry,
5 and the likc; orna~nentapl lants for cherisl~ingth eir appearances; and planlings at parlcs,
streets, and the like. Specific exali~plesi~ lcludeth e plants listed below, but not limited
thereto.
[0169] Pinales plallts such as Japanesc Red Pine (/'inus denszflora), Scots Pine
(Pinus sylvestris), and Japanese Black Pine (Pinus thunbergii) belonging lo Pinaceae or
10 the like.
Magnoliids such as Pepper (Piper nigrunz) belonging to Piperaceae; Avocado
(Persea umericana) belonging to Lauraceae; or the lilie.
Monocots such as Konjac (Amorphophallus konjcic) and Eddoe (Colocasia
esculenlu) belonging to Araceae; Chinese yam (Dioscorea batatas) and Japancse yam
15 (Dioscorea japonica) belonging to Dioscoreaceae; Leek (Allium ampeloprasum var.
parrun?), Onion (Allium cepa), Rakkyo (Allizinz chinerzse), Welsh onion (Alliunz
Ji.stulosum), Garlic (Allium sativuni), Chives (Alliunz schoenoprasum), Chive (Allium
schoenoprasum var.foliosum), Oriental garlic (Alliunz tuberoszmnz), and Scallion (Allium x
wakegi) belonging to Alliaceae; Asparagus (Aspar,agus qficinulis) belonging to
20 Asparagaceae; Cocollut palm (Cocos nucferu) and Oil pal111 (Elaeis gztineensis)
belonging to Arecoideae of Arecaceae; Date palm (Phoenix dactyl+ra) belonging to
Coryphoideae of Arecaceae; Pineapple (Anunos conznsus) belongi~~tog H romeliaceae;
Rice (Oryza sntiva) belonging to Ehrkarloideae of Poaceae; Rent grass (Agrostis spp.),
Blue grass (1'00 spp.), Barley (Igordeunz vulgcrre), Wheat (iS.ilicwn aeslivunz, T durunz),
25 and Rye (Secnle cereule) belonging to Pooideae of Poaceae; Bermuda grass (Cynodon
dactylon) and Grass (Zoysiu spp.) bcloliging to Chlolidoideae of Poaceae; Sugarcaiie
(Saccharun~o fficir~urm~),:Sorgu(Smo l-ghzln?h icolor), and Corn (Zeu I~TLIYbSel)o nging to
Panicoideae of Poaceae; Banana (M~rsas pp.) belonging to Musaceae; Myoga (Zir~giber
miogir) and Ginger (Zingiber qfficinirle) bclo~lgingto Zii~giberaceae;o r the likc.
5 1
Euclicors such as i . o ~r~oo~t s(, Velui~~hnorc cf/er.ti)b elonging to Nclumho~laceac;
I'eanut (Aroc,hi.sh yl~ogcrec~C)l, rickpea ic ice^. orietin7,1i17L),e ntil (I.ens culinc~iis)l',e a
(P~SIIsWat?il ~lrin)B, road bean (J/ici~i,fubaS),o ybean (Glycine nzccx), Con~~nobena n
(Phaseolus r~~lb'(~rAidsz)u, ki bean (l/i'gnuc ii?gzrluris), and Cowpea (Kgncr ~~nguiculufu)
5 belonging to Fabaceae; 11op (Hz~n~nlIup.~ul z~sb) el~ngingto Cannabaceae; Fig TI-cc
(Ficus carica) and Mulberry (A4oru.s spp.) belonging to Moraceae; Conniloil jujubc
(ZizQ~hu.s,]zf]ubbue) longing to Rharnnaceae; Strawbcrry (Fragaria) and Rose (Itosa spp.)
belonging to Rosoideae of Rosaceae; Japanese loquat (Eriobotrya japonica), Apple
(A4aluspwnilu), European Pear (I'yrus cornnzunis), and Nashi Pear (Pyruspyrifolia var.
10 culla) belonging to Maloideae of Rosaceae; Peach (Anzygdaluspersica), Apricot (Przmus
arnaeniuca), Cherry (Prunus aviunt), Prune (l'runus dorneslica), Almond (Prunus dulcis),
Japanese Apricot (I~rununs zume), Japancsc Plum (Prunus salicina), Cerasus speciosa,
and Cerasus x yedoensis 'Somei-yoshino' belonging to Prunoideae of Rosaceae; Winter
melon (Benincasu hispida), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria
15 siceraria vas. hispida), Luffa (Lufu cylindrica), Pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.), Zucchini
(Cucurbita pepo), Bitter melon (Moinordica charuntia var. pavel), Muskmelon (Cucumis
rnelo), Oriental pickling melon (Cz~cunzism elo var. cononzon), Oriental melon (Cucuniis
nzelo vas. 177akzitl,a), and Cucumber (Cucunzis salivus) belonging to Cucurbitaceae;
Japat~eseC hestnut (Custanea crenara) belonging to Fagaceae; Walnut (Juglans spp.)
20 belonging to Jug1and:rceae; Cashew (Anacurdium accidentale), Mango (A4angiJ?ra
indica), and Pistachio (Pistacia vera) such as Anacardiaceae; Japanese pepper
(Znnlhoxylunt piyerituni) beloirging to Rutoideae of Rutaceae; Bitter orange (Citrus
auranliunz), lime (Cilrus aurcrntiji)lia), Flassaku orange (Citrus hassaku), Yuzu (Citrus
junos), Lemon (C'irrzr.l~in zon), Natsu~niltan( Citrus natsudaidai), Grapefruit (Citrus x
25 paradisi), Orange (Citrus sinensis), ICabosu (Cirrus sphaerocar~~aS)u,d achi (Citrzrs
strdcichi), Mandarin Orange (Citrz~siu ngerincr), Satsulna (Cirrus unshiu), and Kumquat
(Fortunella spp.) belonging to Aurantioideae of Rutaceae; Horseradish (Armoracia
I,~~.S/~CMNuIs~taIrdI )(,U rcrssicuj nnceci), Taltana (Bra.s.sicu iuncen var. inregrfolia),
Rapeseed (B~.nssican npzrs), Cauliflower (Brnssica olei.ncrn var. bofryiis),C abbage
52
(B~.ci.s.si~oelerr ciceii vas. ccri,i/cricr),B russels sl,rout (Brossictr oleroceci var. g(!117iliijL'1.~1):
Broccoli (Bi.trssicir olercrcecc var. iiulicu), Green palc clroi (Drci,s.ricci~c rpu var. chineu.ris),
Nozawana (Britssicu r.0170 var. hakcrburu), Napa cabbage (Brassico rnpa var.
no?j?o-ole$era), Potherb Mustard (Bm.ssicn rnpa var. nipposinicu), Napa cabbage
5 (Brussica raper var. pekii?ensis), Turnip leaf (Bru.r,sica raps var. perviridk), 'Turnip
(Brrrssica rapu var. rtrpa), Garden rocket (Erztca vesicurin), Dailton (Ruphanzrs sutivus
var. long~innatzrs)a,n d Wasabi (Wasabiuj aponica) belonging to Brassicaceae; Papaya
(Cnricapupaya) belonging to Caricaceae; Okra (Abelmoschus esculenlu.~)C, otton plant
(Gossypiunz spp.), and Cacao (Theobromu cacao) belonging to Malvaceac; Grape (Vi1i.s
10 spp.) belonging to Vitaceae; Sugar beet (Bela vulgaris ssp. vulgaris var. aaltis.sinza)T, able
bect (Beta vulgaris ssp. i~ulgarisv ar. vulgaris), and Spinach (Spinnciu oleracea)
belonging to Amaranthaceae; Buckwcat (Fagopyrunz esculentum) belonging to
Polygonaceae; Ia) belonging to
53
Asleraceac oSAste~-accacF; lorists' daisy (Denchr.iinihrmiig r~iiv~r/~f/or~Cirionw), n daisy
(G1ebioni.s comniirio), Sunflower (ffelicrnthzis ni?i?li~is)F,u lti (I'e:osiies,jcponiczi,s),a nd
Burdocb (Avctiuiiz lappa) belonging to Asteraceae of Asteraceae; or the like.
[0170] Thc "plants" herein also reSers to plants that have acquired tolerance to
5 IIPPI) inhibit01.s~s uch as isoxaflutole; ALS inhibitors, such as imazethapyr and
tl~ife~isulfuroil-methyEl;P SP synthetase inhibitors, such as glyphosate; glutamine
sytlthetase inhibitors, sucb as glufosinate; acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitors, such as
sethoxydim; I'PO inhibitors, such as flumioxazin; and herbicides, such as bromoxynil,
dicaniba, and 2,4-D; by classical breeding methods and gene recombinant technologies.
10 [0171] Examples of the "l~orticulturapl lants" that have acquired tolerance by
classical breeding mcthods include the rapeseed, wheat, sunflower, rice, and corn, which
are tolerant to ALS-inhibitory imidazolinone herbicides, such as imazethapyr. Such
plants are already commercially available with the product name of Clearfield .
15 [0172] Also, the soybean that has acquired tolerance lo ALS-inhibitory
sulfonylurea herbicides, such as thife~lsulfi~ron-methybly, a classical breeding method is
already commercially available with the product name of STS soybean. In addition,
examples ofhorticultural plants that have acquired tolerance to acetyl CoA cm-boxylase
inhibitors, such as trione oxime herbicide and aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides, by
20 classical breeding methods include the SR corn. The horticultural plants that have
acquired tolerance to acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitors are described in Proc. Natl.
Acad.Sci. USA, volume 87, pages 7,175 to 7,179 (1990) and the like. Meanwhile, the
mutant acetyl CoA carboxylases that are tolerant to acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitors are
reported in Wecd Science, volume 53, pages 728 to 746 (2005) and the lilte. Plants
25 tolerant to acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitors can be produced by introducing these
mutant acetyl CoA carboxylase genes into plants by gene recombinant technologies, or
by introducing mutations related lo acquisition of the tolerance inlo acetyl CoA
carboxylascs of crops. Moreover, plants resistant to acetyl CoA carboxylase
inhibitorslherbicides can be produced by introducing nucleic acids inducing
54
base-suhs~ituieti muliints, \vliich are exeniplilied by the chilr~el-ap!asiyI C C ~ I I ~((~juLraI I~' .
1999. Rcpniring the Genome's Spelli~igM istakes. Science 285: 316-3 18), into piant cells,
so that site-specific ariiino acid substitution ~nutatio~airse induced in acctyl CoA
carboxylascll~erbicide-targeted genes of crops.
5 [0173] Examples of the horticultural plants that have acquired tolera~lceb y gene
recombinait technologies include glyphosate-tolerant varieties of corn, soybean, cotton,
rapeseed, and sugar bcet, and they are already commercially available with the product
names of Rounduplieady , AgrisureGT ,
and the like. Also, there are varieties of corn, soybean, cotton, and rapcsecd which have
10 acquired tolerance to glufosinate by gene recombi~lallte chnologies, and they are already
comlnercially available with the product name of LibertyLitlk (a corn variety expressing Cry 1 Ab toxin),
20 YieldGard root worn^ (a con: variety expressing Cry3Hbl toxin),
YieldGard Plus (a corn variety expressing Cry1 Ab and Cry3Bbl
toxins), Herculex I (a corn varicty expressing Cry 1 Fa2 toxin and
pbosphinotricinc N-acetyltransfevase (PAT) for providing resistance to glufosinate),
NuCOTN33B (a cotton variety expressing Cry l Ac toxin), Bollgard 11
(a cotton variety expressing Cry 1 Ac and Cry2Ab toxins),
i VIPCOT (a cotton variety expressing VIP toxin), NewLeaf
(a potato variety expressing Cry3A toxin), NatureGard
'registered trademark> Agrisurc ii-egistered trademark> G'T Advantage (the GA21
5 6
glyplrosate resislant trail), i-\grisurc C:U Advantage (rhc BII I corn
borer (CU) trait), and Protecta .
[0178] l'liesc plants also include the plants that have been giveu abilities to
produce anti-patliogenic substances having selective activities by using gcnc recol~~binani
5 technologies.
Examples of the anti-pathogenic substances include Pli proteins (PRPs, described in
EP-A-0392225j; ion clranncl inhibitors, such as sodium channel inhibitors and calcium
channel inhibitors (KP1, KP4, KP6 toxins and the like produced by viruses have been
known); stilbei~es ynthases; bihcnzyl synthases; chitinases; glucanases; and substances
10 produced by microorganisms, such as peptide antibiotics, antibiotics liaving lletero rings,
and protein factors responsible for resistance to plants diseases (referred to as plant
disease resistance genes, and described in W0031000906). Tlicsc anti-pathogenic
substances and gene recombinant plants producing hereof are described in
EP-A-0392225, W095133818, EP-A-0353 191, and the like.
15 LO1791 These plants also include crops that have been provided with useful traits,
such as traits of reformed oil and fat co~nponentso r traits of enhanced amino acid
components, by using gene recombinant technologies. Exa~nplesth ereof include
VISTIVE (low linolenic soybeans in which linolenic contents are
reduced) and high-lysine (hig hoil) corns (corns in which lysine or oil contents are
20 increased).
[O180] These plants fultl~eirn clude stacked varieties in wbich two or more
useful traits such as classical herbicide traits; herbicide resistant genes; insecticidal pest
resistant genes; anti-pathogenic substance producing genes; and traits of reformed oil and
fat components or traits of enhanced a~ni~aicoid components are combined.
25 [018 I] Although the colnposition of the present invention can be used as a
mixture comnprising one or two selected from the first activc ingrcdicnt compounds 1 and
one or more selected from the second active ingredient compounds 11 exclusively, us~~ally
the compositioi~is rnixed with a suitable solid carrier or a liquid carrier, and if desired, a
surfactant, a penetrant, a spreading agent, a thickener, an alltifreezing agent, a binder; an
5 7
anticaking agenl, a disiiitcgraut, an antifoa~ninga gent, a preservative, ;I st;ihili~,iiiga genl,
and thc like are flirther addcd thereto, so Illat the co~npositionc an be providcd for uses as
a fori~~ulatioonf any dosage fon-111, such as a soluble concentrate, an emulsifiable
concentuate, a wettable powdcr, a water solublc powdcr, water dispersible granules, walcr
5 soluble granules, a suspe~~sioconn cerltrate, a concentrated emulsion, a suspoen~ulsiona,
microetnulsion, a dustable powder, granules, a tablet, and an emulsifiable gel. From the
point of view of saving labor a ~idmp roving safety, the formulation of any dosage form
of above can be provided by including it in a water-soluble packaging body, such as a
water-soluble capsule and a water-soluble film.
10 101821 Examples of the solid carrier include natural minerals, such as quartz,
calcite, meerschaum, dolomite, chalk, kaolinite, pyrophyllite, sericite, halloysite,
metahalloysite, kibushi clay, potter's clay, pottcry stone, zeeklite, allopbane, silas, mica,
talc, bentonite, activated white clay, acid clay, pumice stone, atiapulgite, zeolite, and
diatomaceous earth; burned natural tni~lerapl roducts, such as burned clay, pearlite, silas
15 balloon, vermiculite, attapulgus clay, and burned diatomaceous earth; inorganic salts,
such as magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen
carbonate, a~n~nol~isulmfa te, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, diammonium
hydrogen phosphate, ammoniurn dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium chloride; sugars,
such as glucose, fi-uctose, sucrose, aid lactose; polysaccharides, such as starch, powder
20 cellulose, and dextriu; organic substances, such as urea, urea derivative, benzoic acid, alrd
salts ofbenzoic acid; plants, such as wood powder, cork powdcr, corn rachises, walnut
shells, and tobacco stems; fly ashes; wllite carbon (such as aqueous synthetic silica,
anhydrous synthetic silica, and aqueous synthetic silicate); and fertilizers.
[0183] Examples of the liquid carrier include aromatic hydrocarbons, such as
25 xylene, an alkyl (C9, Clo, or the like) benzene, phenylxylyl ethane, and an alkyl (Cl, C3,
or the like) napl~thalene;a liphatic hydrocarbons, such as a machine oil, normal paraffin,
isoparaffin, and naphthene; a mixture of an ax-omatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic
hydrocarbon, such as kerosene; alcohols, such as ethanol, isopropanol(2-propanol),
cyclohexanol, phenoxyethanol, anu benzyl alcohol; polyalcol~olss, uch as ethylene glycol,
5 8
propylcne glycol, rliciliylene glycol, llexylene glycol; polyethylene glycols, and
polyl~ropyleneg lycols; ethers; such as propyl ccllosolve. butyl cellosolve, phcnyl
ccllosolve, propylcne glycol monomethyl ether, .propylene glycol monoethyl ether,
propylene glycol ~nonopropyle thcr, propylene glycol lnonobutyl ether, and propylcnc
5 glycol monophenyl ether; ketones, such as acetophenone, cyclohexanone, and
y-hutyrolactone; esters, such as ratty acid methyl esters, succinic acid dialkyl esters,
glutalnic acid dialkyl esters, adipic ac~dd ialkyl esters, and phthalic acid dialkyl esters;
acid amides, such as a N-alliyl (C1, Cg, C~Z01,- the lilte) pyrrolidonc; fats and oils, such as
soybean oil, flaxsccd oil, canola oil, coconut oil, cottonseed oil, and castor oil; diinethyl
10 sulfoxide; and water.
These solid and liquid carriers may be used alone, or two or more of them niay be
used in combination.
[01 841 Examples of the surfactant include nonionic surfactants, such as a
polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, a polyoxyethylcne alkyl (mono or di)phenyl ether; a
15 polyoxyethylene (mono, di, or tri)styrylphenyl ether, a
polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid (mono
or di)ester, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, a castor
oil ethylene oxide adduct, acetylene glycol, an acetylene alcohol, an ethylene oxide
adduct of acetylene glycol, an ethylene oxide addnct of an acetylene alcohol, and an alkyl
20 glycoside; anionic surlactants, such as an allcyl sulfuric acid ester salt, an alkyl
benzenesulfonate, lignin sulfonate, an alkyl sulfosuccinate, naphthalenesulfonate, an
alkyl naphthalenesulfonate, a salt of a formalin condensate of naphthalenesulfonate, a salt
of a for~nalinc ondensate of an alkyl naphthalenesulfonate; a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether
sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid ester salt, a polyoxyethyle~le (mono or di)alkyl phenyl
25 ether sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid ester salt, a polyoxyethylene (mono, di, or
tri)siyrylphenyl ether sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid ester salt, a polycarboxylate (folexample,
a polyacrylate, apolymaleate, a copolymer of maleic acid and olefin, and thc
like), and polystyrene sulfonate; ca~ionics urfactants, such as an allqrliio~jaes alt and an
allcyl quaternary ammonium salt; alcphoteric surfaciants, suc!~a s amino acid surfactants
59
and betaine si~d'dctantss; ilico~iz-basetls uriactanls; and ili~orinc-baseds url'actants.
Altl~ought ile content of the surfactant is not particularly limiteil, it is preferably
within a range of0.05 part by weight to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by
weight of the for~nulationo f the present invention. 'l'hese surfactants may be used alone,
5 or two or more of them may be used in combination.
[0185] Next, nixing exainples of formulations in which the coni]>osition of the
present invention is used will be shown. However, mixing examples of the present
inventioi~a re not limited thereto. Note that, in the mixing cxamples below, "pa~t(s)"
refers to pari(s) by weight, and "active ingredient compound" is a collective term
10 referring to the first active ingredient co~npoundI and the second active ingredient
compound TI of the eompositioll of the present invention.
101 861 [Wettable Powder]
Active ingredient compound 0.1 part to 80 parts
Solid carrier 5 parts to 98.9 parts
15 Surfactant 1 par1 to 10 parts
Others 0 part to 5 parts
Examples of "others" include an anticaking agent and a stabilizing agent.
101 871 [Emulsifiable Concentrate]
Active ingredient co~npound 0.1 part to 30 parts
20 Liquid carrier 45 pasts to 95 paris
Surfactant 4.9 parts to 15 parts
Others 0 part to 10 parts
Examples of "others" include a spreading agent and a stabilizing agent.
[0 1881 [Suspension Concentrate]
25 Active ingredient compound 0.1 part to 70 parts
Liquid carrier 15 parts to 98.89 parts
Surfactant I part to 12 parts
Others 0.01 part to 30 parts
Exanlplcs of "others" include 81; antifi.eeiiiny agent and a thickener.
60
[Ol89] ['d'atcr Disj~rssihicG ranule1
Active ingredient compountl 0.1 part to 00 parts
Solid carrier 0 lsart to 98.9 parts
SurCactant I part to 20 parts
5 Others 0 part to 10 parts
Examples of "others" include a binder and a stabilizitlg agent.
[0190] [Soluble Concentrate]
Active ingredient compound 0.01 part to 70 parts
Liquid carrier 20 parts to 99.99 parts
10 Others 0 part to 10 parls
Exatnples of "otl~ers"in cluclc an a~itifreezitlga gent and a spreading agent.
[0191] [Granule]
Active ingredient compound 0.01 pat to 80 parts
Solid carrier 10 parts to 99.99 pai-ts
15 Others 0 part to 10 parts
Examples of "othcrs" include a binder and a stabilizing agent.
101 921 [Dustable Powder]
Active ingredient cornpound 0.01 part to 30 parts
Solid carrier 65 parts to 99.99 parts
20 Others 0 part to 5 parts
Examples of "others" include an anti drift agent aid a stabilizing agent.
[0193] Next, specific exatnples of the agrochemical formulation containing the
composition or the present invention as the active ingredient will he shown; howevel; the
present invention is not limited thereto.
25 Note that, "part(s)" in the mixing examples below refers to pa~-t(s)b y weight.
[0194] [Mixing Example 1 j Wettable Powder
Compound (1) 10 parts
Compound No. 111u 10 parts
Pyrophyllite 76 p;l~-ts
6 I
SOlil'Ol, 5039 2 parts
(a mixture of 11 nonionic surfactant alld an anionic surhctaiit: the namc of tlre
product of TOl-10 Chemical lridustry Co., Ltd.)
Carplex #80D 2 parts
5 (synthetic hydrous silicate: the name of the product oSShionogi R: Co., Ltd.)
These materials are uniformly mixed and pulverized to prepare a wettable powder.
[0195] [Mixing Example 21 Em~rlsifiableC oncentrzte
Compound (1) 3 pasts
Co~npout~Ndo . nr 2 parts
10 Xylene 75 parts
N-metliylpyrrolidone 15 parts . .
SORPOL 2680 5 parts
(a mixture of a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant: the ~ ~ a ionfe t he
product ofTOMO Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
I5 These materials are uniformly mixed to prepare an cmulsifiablc concentrate.
[0196] [Mixing Example 31 Suspension Concentrate
Compound (1) IS parts
Compoul~dN o. tlo 10 parts
AGRISOL S-7 10 10 palls
20 (nonionic surfactant: the name of the product of Kao Corporation)
Lunox 1000C 0.5 part
(anionic surfactant: the name of the product of TOHO Chctnical Industry Co., Ltd.)
Xanthan guin 0.2 part
Water 64.3 parts
25 These materials ase uniforlnly mixed, and then wet milled to prepare a suspensio~~
concentrate.
[Ol 971 [Mixing Example 41 Water Dispersible Gralrulc
Co~npound( I) 40 parts
Co~npoulid No. ny 35 parts
62
1 IlTl7NO1, NIi-IS 5 parts
(anionic surfactant: the nlrine ol'tl~ep roduct of'DKS Co. Ltd.)
VANILLEX N 10 parts
(anionic surfactant: tlic name of tile product of Nippon Paper Iridcistries Co., Lld.)
5 Carplex #$OD 10 parts
(synthetic hydrous silicate: the name of the product of Shionogi & Co., Ltd.)
These materials are unifor~ulyin ixed and pulverized. After a snlall amount of
water is added thereto, the mixture is stirred. Then, the mixture is granulated with an
extrusion granulator, and is dried to obtain water dispersible gl-anules.
10 101 981 [Mixing Example 51 Granule
Compound (1) 3 parts
Compound No. nx 2 parts
Bentonite 50 pal-ls
Talc 45 parts
15 These ~l~ateriaalrse uniformly mixed and pulverized. After a small amount of
water is added thereto, the mixture is stirred. Then, the mixture is granulated with an
extrusion gxanulatou, and is dried to obtain granules.
101991 [Mixing Example 61 Dustable Powder
Compound (1) 2 parts
20 Compound No. nb l parts
Carplex #SOD 0.5 part
(white carbon: the name of the product of Shionogi & Co., Ltd.)
Kaolinite 95 parts
Diisopropyl phosphate 1.5 parts
25 These materials are uniformly mixed and pulverized to prepare a dustable powder.
At the tin~eo f use, the wettable powder, cinulsitiable concentrate, flowable agent,
and water dispersible granules are dilirted to 50 to 20,000-fold \vith water in order to
spray 0.005 lcg to 50 lcg of the active ingredient per 1 hectare (ha).
In the piesent invention, the comj~ositiono f the prcscnt in\icntioil, which contains
(3 3
the first active ingl-eclient conip~nlidI :nid !lie second active i~igscdientc ~nipuiind11 : ci~il
be iiinJe as a ~ornrnlationf or uses, as dcscribed abovc. I-Iowever, a cliernical containing
the first active ingredient compound I or thc sccond active ingredient compound 11 as an
active ingredient can bc pl-epared separately, and then these cl~emicalsc an be used at the
5 same tinie or at different times that are close to each other, in order to obtain excelle~lt
synergistic control erfects. Note that, when these chemicals are used at diffcrent times
that are close to each other, tlie second chemical is preferably sprayed after the first
sprayed chemical is sufficiently dried. However, it may vary depending on control
methods, diseases to bc controlled, and tlie like.
10
Examples
[0200] Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing Compound (I) and Compound
(2) used in the composition of the present invention will be specifically explained.
[0201] [Synthesis Example I] Manufacture of Compound (1)
15 In a I00 1111 pressure rcaction vessel, 3.00 y (6.62 mmol) or
3-(4-bromo-3-niethylphenyl)-5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-S-trifluoron~ethyl-4,5-di~1ydroisox~
ole (2-1) that was synthesized according to the method described in W020101005048,
1.24 g (7.95 mmol) of 2-amino-N-(2,2,2-trifluorocthyl)acctamide, I . l g (7.95 mmol) of
potassium carbonate, 41.0 mg (0.099 minol) of 1,3-bis(diphenylphospbino)propane, 0.14
20 g (0.033 minol) of 5% by mass palladium-carbon (50% aqueous), and 30 ml of
1,2-diinethoxyethane were placed. After the reaction vessel was purged with nitrogen,
then with carbon monoxide, thc reaction vessel was filled with the carbon monoxide at
1.0 MPa. Thc temperature was raised to 10S°C, and a reaction was performed for 5
hours as stirred at the same temperature. During the reaction, the pressure inside was
25 increased to 1.3 MPa at most. After that, the reaction vessel was cooled to room
temperature, the pressure inside of the vessel was reduced to atmospheric pressure, and
the reactio~v~es sel was purged with nitrogn~. Insoluble matter in the reaction solution
was filtered off by celite filtration, and the celite was washed with ethyl acetate and water.
The obtained filtrate was made to be acidic by adding conccnirated hydrochloric acid.
0 4
AI'lcr a11 aqueous phase was separated, an orgarlic phase was waslied with salinc. She
organic phasc was dried with anhyilrous magnesiurr, sulfate. After filtering of[, a
solvent was removcd by vacuum distillation. The obtaiiled residue ~vascr ystallized with
etl~yal cetate/hexa11c=3/18( ml) to obtain 2.54g (4.57 mmol) of the target material as a
5 light yellow solid.
[0202] [Synthesis Example 21 Mailulacture of Compound (2)
Synthesis Example 2-1: Synthesis of
4-[5-(3,5-dichlorop11enyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazolc-3-yl]-2-methylbenzami
de
10 To a reaction vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark apparatus whose trap was filled
with toluene, 10.0 g of 4-acetyl-2-metl1ylbenzamide, 143.7 g of toluene, and 1.9 g of
water were added in this order, and the mixture was heated at 85-C as stirrcd for 1 hour.
After the stirring was completed, 13.9 g of 3',5'-dichIoro-2,2,2-lsifluoro1netliyl
acetophenone and 2.8 g of a 5% by weight tetrahutyl am~noniumh ydroxide aqueous
15 solution were added thereto, and the mixture was heated at 8S°C as stirred for 1 hour.
After the stirring was completed, the reaction mixture was continued to be stirred at 65°C
for 3 hours. After the stirring was completed, the pressure was reduced to 20 kPa, and
the mixture was refluxed for 12 hours to be azeotropically dehydrated. After the stirring
was completed, the mixture was cooled to O°C, and 2.5 g of
20 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,~l,(lj-7-undecen9e,.5 g of 1,1,3,3-ietramethylguanidine,a ud 18.3 g of
a 25% by weight hydroxyamine aqueous solutio~wl ere added thereto. After the addition
was completed, the reaction mixturc was stirred for 21 hours at the same tcmpcraturc.
After the stirring was conlpleted, 8.0 g of a 20% by weight hydrochloric acid aqueous
solntion and 63.1 g of 2-propanol were added thereto. The obtained reaction mixture
25 was washed three times with 53.4 g of water, and then 50.4 g of lhc solvent was removed
by vacuu~d~iis tillation. 28.8 g of toluene was furthcr added thereto, and the mixture was
: heated to 100°C to dissolvc slurry, and then cooled to :O°C to be CI-ystallized. Alter the
obtained s1u1.1-yw as filtrated, the ohtailled crystal was washed with 19.2 g of toluene that
was cooled to 0°C. The obtained soiid was vacuum-dried to obtain 16.7 g of the target
65
ti~atcrial. 'I'lic obtaincd soliti Mjas analyvctl by an i~ilel.nzrrl ci'erence ;~n;ily:is metilocl
using HPLC:, and tile result showed tliat tlre purity was 98.3%.
102031 Tlle coliditioils of the a~~alysuissi ng I-TPLC are shown bclow.
Colu~nnl:~ iertsiPl h-3 50 r111r1 4.6 min d) 3 prn (manrrfacturcd by (;L Sciences Inc.)
5 Flow rate: 1 cnL11ni11
Elucnt: acetonitrilelwater/acetic acid=800/1,200/1.2 (volume ratio)
Detection: UV 220 nm
Internal standard material: 4-t-butylbiphcnyl
[0204] Synthesis Example 2-2: Synthesis of Colnpou~ld( 2)
10 2.00 g of
4-[5-(3,5-dicl1lorophenyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole-3-yl]-2-1nethylbe11zami
de that was obtaincd in Synthesis Example 2-1,4.26 g of ortho formic acid triethyl, and
10 ml of a 0.60 g methoxyanli~leh ydrochloride toluene solution were stirred at 35°C for
24 hours. After the stirring was completed, 10 ml of toluene was added to the reaction
15 solution. After the addition was completed, the reaction solutio11 was heated to 60°C to
65"C, at~dw ashed with water (4 mlx3 times). 10 ml of toluene was removed from the
obtained toluene solution by vacuum distillation. Afier the removal by vacuum
distillation. the toluene solution was cooled from about 70°C at a rate of about 20"CIhour.
After crystals were generated in the tolucne solution, the solutio~w~as stirred at 0°C to
20 5°C for 3 hours. After the stirring was completed, the deposited crystals were separated
by vacuum filtration, and the obtained crystals were vacuum-dried to obtain 1.92 g of the
target material as white crystals.
[0205] [Test Example]
Next, the usefulness of the present invention will be specifically explained in the
25 Efficacy Test Examples below. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0206] [Tcst Exa~nplc I ] Efficacy Test for Common Cutwonn
Each of Co~npoulld( 1) 01- Compound (2) and the compounds listed in Table 1 was
lorlnulated into a 10% emulsifiable concentrate (some coinpound was formulated into a
25% wettable powder). The formulations were diluted with water containing a
66
sprcatling agcnt to prepare chemical solutions oi'given conce~il~;ilions.C :aL>txip,el cavcs
were dipped in the chcmical solutions for 10 secontls. The dipped cabbage lcavcs were
transfel-red on filter papers placed in 7 cm petri dishes with one leaf pcr onc petri dish,
and the leaves were air dried. After the air drying was completed, the seven third instal-
5 larvae of common cutworms were placed in each petri dish and then the petri dishes were
placed in an incubatol. at 25OC. Six days aftcr the treatment, the numbers of dead larvae
wcre checlted, and the percentages of dead insects were calculated according to thc
calculating equation below. Note that the tests were conducted in duplicate.
The percentage of dead insects (%)=the number of dead insectslthe numbel. of tested
10 insectsx100
To each concentration of chemical solutions, the synergistic effcct was calculated
from thc percentage of dead insects by using Colby's method (Colby S. R. 1976, Weeds
15,20-22). The calculation method was as follows.
E=X-I-Y-XYll OO
15 X: an observed value at an x concentration of Chemical A (the percentage of dead
insects)
Y an observed value at a y concentration of Chemical B (the percentage of dead
insects)
E: the percentage of dead insects expected at the time of a mixed treatment with
20 Chemical A and Chemical R.
The obtained results were analyzed as follows. If the observed value was larger
than the expected value, there was a synergistic efrect; if the expected value was largcr
than the observed value, there was an antagonist efrect; and if the observed valne and the
expected value were same, there was an additive effect. The combinations that showed
25 synergistic erfects are listed in Tables 3 to 8 below.
[Table 31
Active ingred~cnt Concentration Percentage of Pelcentagc of
07
Dead Lnscct (%I) Ilead Inscct (%)
( P P ~ ) C)bsc~vctVi due f:xl~ectcd Value
Compound (1) 0.017 28.6
5 Compound (2) 0.01 7 35.7
Co~~lpoua~al d 0.083 21.4
Co~npounda r 0.5 35.7
Cornpound (1)-I-Compound aa 0.01 7+0.083 85.7
Coinpo~u~(1d) iCompound as 0.017+0.5 78.6
10 Coinpound (%)+Compound aa 0.017+0.083 85.7
Compou~ld(2 )+Compound ar 0.017+0.5 71.4
Non-treated 0 0
15 [Table 41
Active ingredient Concentration Percentage of Percentage of
Dead Insect (%) Dcad Insect (Oh)
( P S ~ ) Observed Valuc Expected Value
20
Con~pound (2) 0.025 35.7
Compound em 32 60.0
Compound (2)+Compound em 0.025+32 92.9 74.3
Nan-treated 0 0
25 ...................................
[Table 51
Active ingredlrnt Concentration Percentage of Pcrcentagc of
68
Dead Insect (%>) L)catl liisccl (%)
Obselved Value bxpecled Valuc
Compound (2) 0.025
5 Compound el 4.4
Compound (2)-tCompound el 0.025+32
Non-treated 0
10 [Table 6)
Active ingredicnt Concentration Percentage of
Dead Insect (%)
( P P ~ ) Observcd Value
Percentage of
Dead Ii~sec(t% )
Expected Value
15
Compound (2) 0.025 35.7
Compound dc 1.7 53.8
Compoui~d( 2)+Compound dc 0.0251-1.7 83.3 70.3
Non-treated 0 0
[Table 71
Active ingredient Concentration Percentage of
25 Dead lnsect (%)
[PP") Observcd Value
Co~npouild (2)
Compound am
Percentage of
Dead Insect (%)
Expected Value
Activc iugredient Concentration Percentage of Percentage of
Dead Insect (%) Dead Inscct ("A)
( P P ~ ) Observed Value Expectcd Value
10 ---
Compound (2) 0.005 14.3
Compound ey 1.7 64.3
Compound (2)tCompound ey 0.005t0.17 84.6 69.4
Non-treated 0 0
15
[0207] [Test Example 21 Efficacy Test for Cotton Bollwor~n
Each of Compound (1) or Compound (2) and the compounds listed in Table 1 was
formulated into a 10% elnulsiiiable concel~trate( some compound was formulated into a
20 25% wettable powder). The formulations were diluted with water containing a
spreading agent to prepare chemical solutions of given concentrations. Cabbage leaves
were dipped in the chemical solutions for 10 seconds. The dipped cabbage leaves were
transferred on filter papers placed in 7 cm petri dishes with one leaf per one petri dish,
aud the leaves were air dried. After the air drying was completed, the seven fourth
25 instar larvae of cotton bollworms were placcd in each petri dish, aud then, the petri dishes
were placed ill an incubator at 25'C. Six days after the treatment, thc ~lulnberso f dead
larvae were checlted, and the percentages oTdead insects were calculated according to the
calculati~~eqgu ation below. Note that the tests were conducted in duplicate.
Tl~cpe rcentage of dead insects (%)=the nunlbcr of dead i~~scctslthnuem ber of tested
70
iiiscctsx100
To each concentmtion of chemical solutions, the syl~ergislice iSect was calculated
Troil~t he percentage of tlcad insects by using Colby's mclhoct (Colby S. I?. 1976, Weeds
15,20-22). The calculation method was as follows.
5 E=X+Y-XY1100
X: an observed value at an x concentration of Chemical A (the percentage ofdcad
insects)
Y: an obsnved value at a y concentration of Chenlical B (the percentage of dead
insects)
10 E: the percentage of dead insects expected at the time of a ~uixedtr eatnicnt with
Chemical A and Chemical B.
The obtained results were analyzed as follows. If the observed value was larger
than the expected value, there was a synergistic effect; if the expected value was larger
than the observed value, there was an antagonist effect; and if the observed value and the
15 expected value were same, there was an additive effect. The con~binationsth at showed
synergistic effects are listed in Table 9 below.
20 Active ingredient Concentration Percentage of Percentage of
Dead Insect (%) Dead Insect (Oh)
( P P ~ ) Observed Value Expectcd Valuc
Compound (1) 0.125 28 6
25 Coinpoui~d(2 ) 0.125 35.7
Colnpouild al 0.25 42.9
Compound ca 0.025 35 7
Compound (1)i Co~npoui~ald 0 12510.25 92 9
Compound (l)+Compound ca 0.125+0 025 85 7
7 1
C.:oni~pon~(~2d)+ Compound a1 0.1251-0.25 85.7 63.3
Compound (2)i-Conipound ca 0. 125+0.025 I00 58.7
Non-treated 0 0
5
[0208] [Test Exa~nple31 Efficacy Test for Sweetpotato Whitefly Riotypc B
Each of Compound (1) or Conlpound (2) and the compounds listed in Tablc 1 was
formulated into a 10% emulsifiable concentrate. The formulations were diluted with
water to prepare chemical solutions of given concentrations. A styrol cup (having the
10 diameter of the lid of 7.5 cm, and the height of 4 cm) was filled with tap water, and a lid
having a hole in its center was placed on thc styrol cup, and a filter paper was placed on
the lid to absorb tap water. An absorbent cotton (5 cmx5 cin) wetted with tap water was
placed on the filter paper, and a leaf disk (having the diameter of 3 cm) made of a
cominon bean leaf was placcd on the absorbent cotton. Each of the test containers was
15 treated wit11 a spray solution as was uniformly sprayed by using a spraying apparatus (2.5
mllcup). The 20 sweetpotato whitefly adult insects were placed on the leaf disk, and a
mesh lid was placed ovcl- the container to prevent escape of the insects. Examinations
were conducted 5 days after spraying, and the percentages of dead insects were calculated
according to the calculating equation below. Note that the tests were conducted in
20 duplicate.
The percentage of dead insects (%)=the number of dead iusectslthe number of tested
insectsx 100
To each concentration of chemical solutions, the synergistic effect was calculated
from the percentage of dead insects by using Colby's method (Colhy S. R. 1976, Weeds
25 15,20-22). The calculation method was as follows.
E=X+Y-XYIl00
X: an observed value at an x concentration of Chemical A (tho percentage of dead
insects)
Y: an obscrvcd value at a y conccnilation of Chcinical B (the percentage of dead
72
insccis)
E: the percentage or tieati insects expected at the time ofa ~iiixcdt reatincat with
Chemical A and Chc~nicaBl .
Tlre obtained results were a~ialyzcda s follows. If thc observed value was Iargcr
5 than the expccted value, there was a syncrgislic effecl; iILhe expected value was larger
than the observed value, there was an antagonist effect; and if the observed value and the
expected value were same, there was an additive effect. The conibinations that showed
synergistic effects are listed in Table 10 below.
10 [Table 101
Active ingredic~it Concentration Percentage of Percentage of
Dead Insect (%) Dead Insect (%)
(~~111) Observed Value Expected Value
15 ----------------------------we---
Compound (2) 5 36.6
Corupound ci 25 40.5
Compound (2)+Compound ci 5+25 82.1 62.3
Non-treated 0 15.8
20
[0209] r e s t Example 41 Efficacy Test for Melon Tl~ripFs emale Adult Insect
Each of Compound (1) or Compound (2) and the compounds listed in 'TBble 1 was
formulated into a 10% etnulsifiable concentrate. The formulations were diluted with
25 water to prepare chemical solutions of given concentrations. A styrol cup (having the
diameter of the lid of 7.5 cm, and the height of 4 cm) was filled with tap water, and a lid
having a hole in its center was placed on the styrol cup, and a filter paper was placed on
the lid to absorb :ap water. An absorbent cotton (5 ~111x5~ 111w) ettcd with tap water was
placed on the filter paper, and a leaf disk (llaving thc diameter or 1.7 cm) made ofa
73
cuc~~li~lehae!'w~a.s placed on the al~sorbenclo t to^^. 'l'lie ten inelo~iti ll-ips icn~alea dult
insects were placed on ihc lcaf disk. Each ofthc test contai11e1.s was rrcatcd witli a spray
solution as was unifori~~slypr ayed by using a s]xtaying apparatus (2.5 mllcup).
Examinations werc conducted 2 days aflcr spraying, and the percentages orde;rd ii>sects
5 were calculated according to the calculating equation below. Note that the tcsts were
coi~ductedi n duplicate.
The percentage of dead insects (%)=the numbcr of dcad insectslthe numbcr of tcsted
insectsx 100
7b each concentration of chemical solutions, the synergistic effect was calculated
10 from the percentage of dead insects by using Colby's method (Colby S. R. 1976, Weeds
15, 20-22). 'fl~eca lculation method was as follows.
E=X+Y-XYI100
X: an observed value at an x concentration of Chemical A (the percentage of dead
insects)
15 Y: an observed value at a y concentration of Chemical B (the percentage of dead
insects)
E: the percentage of dead insects expected at the time of a tnixed treat~nenwt ith
Chemical A and Chemical B.
The obtained results were analyzed as follows. If the observed value was larger
20 than the expected valuc, there was a synergistic effect; if the expected value was larger
than the observed value, there was an antagonist effect; and if the observed value and the
expected valuc were same, there was an additive effect. Thc combinations that showcd
synergistic effects are listed in 'fable 11 below.
25 [Table 1 11
..................................
: Active ingredient Conce~ltration Percentage of Percentage of
Dead insect (PG) Dead 111sect (%)
(~~111) Observed Value Expected Value
[0210] [Test Example 51 Efficacy Test for Western Flower Thrips Larva
A styrol cup (having the diameter of the lid of 7.5 cm, and the height of 4 cm) was
10 filled with tap water, and a lid having a hole in its center was placed on thc styrol cup,
and a leaf disk (having the diameter of 1.7 c~nm) ade of a common bcan leaf was placed
011 the lid. Suitable amounts of eggs of Wcstern flower thrips were placed on the leaf
disk, and wcrc co~ltrolledi n a thermostatic cha~nberfo r 24 hours to he hatched. Each of
Compound (1) or Compoulid (2) and the compounds listcd in Table 1 was formulated into
15 a 10% eu~ulsifiablec oncentrate. The fornlulations were diluted with water to prepare
chemical solutio~o~fs g iven concentrations. Each of the test containers was treated with
a spray solution as was uniformly sprayed by using a spraying apparatus (2.5 mllcup).
Examinatio~isw ere conducted 1 day after spraying, and the percentages of dcad insects
were calculated according to the calculating equation below. Note that the tesls were
20 conducted in duplicate.
The percentage of dead insects (%)=the number of dead insectsJthe number of tested
insectsx 100
To each concentration of chemical solutions, the synergistic effect was calculated
from the percentage of dead insects by usiug Colby's method (Colby S. R. 1976, Weeds
25 15,20-22). The calculation metliod was as follows.
E=Xi-Y-XYI0I0
i X: an observcd value at an x concentralioniof Chernical A (the percentage of dead
insects)
Y: an obse~ved value at a y concentnition of Chcmical B (the ,>ercentage of dead
75
i11sec1s)
1: 1 : ilre perce~irageo rdead insects expcctcd at the tinie of a 111ixcd1 1-eatment with
Cheinical A and Chemical B.
'She obtained results were analyzed as follows. If thc obscrvcd value was larger
5 than the expected value, there was a synergistic eSfect; if the expected value wds la]-ger
than the observed value, there was an airlagonist cffcct; and if the observed value and tlie
expected value were same, there was an additive effect. The combinations that showed
synergistic effects are listed in Table 12 bclow.
10 [Table 121
Active ingredient Concentration Pcrcentagc of Percentage of
Dead Insect (%) Dead Insect (%)
( P P ~ ) Observed Value Expected Value
15
Compound (2) 1 29.5
Compound q 20 8.5
Co~npoundc e 20 27.2
Co~npound( 2)+Compound q 1+20 56.6 35.4
20 Coinpound (2)+Compound ce 1+20 72.0 /IS 7
Non-treated 0 8.0
25 [0211] [Rcfesence Example I] Efficacy Test for Varroa Mite
The Cotnpound (1) or Cornpound (2) was adjusted to a given conceirtration with
acetone. Aftcr thc adjustn~ent3, 00 pl of.each of tlie prepared solutions was poured into
a 20 ml screw bottle. The solvent was volatilized as the inner surface of the bottle was
~iniforndyc oated ~vithth e solution, and tlirn the bottle was stored JII a cool and dark
76
place ovemiglit. 'To ohlain varroa mites, a hlood comb was taken out lioni a becliivc or
honey bees on the day bcfore placing of.mites, and pupae having varroa mites were lalten
and placed in a petri dish. The petri dish was stored ill an incubator at 3il°C overnigllt
under the total dark~lessc ondition, and then only survivit~gv ama mites were collected.
5 The collected varroa mites were placed in each of the screw bottlcs that were treated with
the above-described chemicals, and the screw bottles were closed with caps. After three
Iiou~.st,h e pupae of honey bees were placed in the screw bottles; the screw bottles were
closed with caps again, and were stored in an incubator at 34°C under the total darluicss
condition. The number of dead insects 24 hours after placing was checlted, and the
10 percentages of dead insects wcre calculated according to the calculating equation below.
The results are shown in lahle 13. Note that the tests were conducted in quadrnplicatc
of three in one plot.
The percentage of dead insects (%)=the ~lulnbcro f dead insectslthe number of tested
insectsx 100
15
[Table 131
Active ingredient Concentration (ygltube) Percentage of Dead Insect (Oh)
20 Compound No. (1)
Compound No. (2)
Non-treated
25 INDUSTRIALAPPLICABILITY
[0212] T11e composition of'the present ~nventiona nd the metliod of the present
invention call be used for controlling various pests

clams
1. An insecticidal, initicidal, nematicidal, inolluscicidal, rnicrobicidal, or hactcricitlal
composition comprising at least two iypcs of act~vcc onipounds wit11 amounts that arc
5 syncrgistically active, wherein thc two types of active co~npoundsin clude:
1) one or two active compound(s) I containing
4-[5-(3,5-dichloropl~ei1yl)-4,5-dil~ydro-5-(~ifluoro1nethyl)isoxazole-3-yl]-2-1nethyl-N-[2-
0x0-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]ethyl]bcanide or
(Z)-4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-trifluorometl~y1-4,5-dihydroi~oxx~o1e-3-y1]-N-(methoxyi
10 tninomethyI)-2-methylbe11za1nide;a nd
2) one or more active compound(s) I1 selected from active ingredient groups A to R
below:
active ingredient group A: benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, furalaxyl, metalaxyl,
metalaxyl-M, ofuracc, oxadixyl, bupiriinate, ethirimol, and hymexazol;
15 active ingredient group B: benomyl, csu-bendazim, fuberidazole, thiabendazole,
thiophanate-methyl, diethofencarb, ethaboxam, zoxamide, pencycuron, and fluopicolide;
active ingredient group C: diflumetorim, benodanil, benzovindiflupyr, bixafen,
boscalid, carboxin, fenfuram, fluopyram, flutolanil, fluxapyroxad, fwarnetpyr, isofetamid,
isopyrazain, mepronil, oxycarboxin, penflufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane, thifluzamide,
20 azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestrobin, enoxastrobin, famoxadoue,
fenamidone, fenaminstrobin, ilufenoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, luesoxim-methyl,
mandestrobin, meto~ninostrobino, rysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin,
pyrdmetostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyribcncarb-methyl, pyriminostrobin, triclopyricab,
trifloxystrobin, amisulbrom, cyazofamid, dinocap, fluazinam, meptyldinocap, fcntin,
25 tributyltin oxide, silthiofam, and ametoctradin;
active ingredient group D: cyprodinil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, blasticidit~-Sa, nd
kasugamycin; 1
active ingredient group E: proquinazid, quinoxyfen, fe~enpiclo~,jfll,o dioxonil,
78
activc ii~gsedienig roup I;: cdi~en~ihoisp,r ohenfos, isoprotlriola~lcp, yr-azophos.
biphenyl, chloroncb, tiiclovan, ctridiazole, quintozene, tecna7cnc, tolclofos-nicthpl,
propamocarh hydrocl~loridca, nd Bacillus subtilis;
activc ingredient group G: azaconazole, bitcrtanol, brornuconazole, cli~nbazole,
5 cyproconazolc, diclobutrazol, dife~~oconazoldei,n iconazolc, diniconazole-M,
epoxiconazoie, etaconti~olef, enarimol, fenbuconazole, ff uotrimazole, fluquinconazole,
flusilazolc, flutriafol, furconazole, hexaconazole, imazalil, imibencot~azolei,p conazole,
metconazole, myclobutauil, nuari~nolo, xpoconazole f~~maratpce,f nrazoate, penconazole,
prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole, pyrifenox, pyrisoxazole, sin~econazole,
10 tebuconazole, te&aconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triflumizole, triforine, triticonazole,
aldin~orphd, odemorph-acetate, fenpropidin, fel~plpropimorphp, iperalirr, spiroxamine,
tridemo~phf,e nhexamid, and fenpyrazamine;
active ingredient group H: validamycin, polyoxins, polyoxoria-D,
benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, ditnethomorph, flunlotph, iprovalicarb, mandipropamid,
15 pyrimorph, and valifenalate;
active ingredient group 1: phthalide, pyroquilon, tricyclazole, carpropamid,
diclocymet, and fenoxanil;
active ingredient group J: acibenzolar-S-metltyl, psobeenazole, isotiaail, tiadinil, and
laminain;
20 active ingreclicllt group I<: bordeaux mixture, cheshunt mixture, basic copper
carbonate, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, coppcr oleate, copper oxychloride,
copper sulfate, basic copper sulfate, oxine copper, calcium polysulfide, sulfur, amobam,
ferbam, maucozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbarnate, propineb, thiram, ziram, cappan,
folpet, chlorothalo~lild, ichlofluanid, tolylfluanid, guazatjne, i~ninoctadil~e-albesilale,
25 irninoctadine-triacetate, anilazine, dithianon, chinomethionat, and fluoroimide;
active ingredient group L: cyflufenamid, cyn~oxanil,d iclornezine, dodine, ferimzone,
flusulfan~idef,l utianil,,fosetyl-aluminium, melrafenone, oxathiapiprolin, pical-butsazox,
pyriofenone, tebufloquin, tolprocarb, triazosidc, potassium hydrogen carbonate, sodium
hydrogen carbonate, Chinese mushrooln mycelium extract, Chiuese mushroom
7')
carpopliore extract; BCF-082 (Lest name), NNF-072 1 (lest name), ant1 7,F-9646 (test
name);
active ingredient group M: ahameelin, accphatc, acctamiprid, afidopyropcn,
aroxolancr, alanycarb, aldicarb, alletlxin, azarncthiphos, azinplios-ethyl, azinphos-methyl,
5 Bacillus thuringiensis, bendioca1.b; benfluthrin, benfuracarb, bcnsultap, bifenthrin,
bioallethrin, bioresmetlrrin, bistrifluron, buprofezin, butocarboxim, carbaryl, carbofurail,
carbosulfan, cartap, clrlorai~tra~riliprolceh,l orethoxyths, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenvinphos,
chlorfluazuron, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chromafenozide,
clotl~ianidinc, yanophos, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, cycloprothriir, cyfluthrin,
10 beta-cyflutlrrin, cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin,
alpha-cypermethrill, beta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypcrmcthrin, cyphenothrin, cyromnazinc,
deltarnethritl, diafelrthiuron, diazinon, dichlorvos, difl~~bem~zurdoim~le, thoate,
dimethylvinphos, dinotefuran, diofel~olamid, isulfoton, emamncctin-betlzoaie, empenthrin,
endosulfan, alpha-eiidosulfan, EPN, esfenvalerate, ethiofencarb, ethiprole, etofenprox,
15 etrimfos, fenitrothion, fenobucarb, fenoxycarb, fenthion, fenvalel-ate, fipronil,
flometoquin, flot~icamid,f luazuron, flubendiamide, flucycloxuron, flucythrinate,
flufenerim, flufenoxuroli, flufiprole, fluhexafon, flumethrin, flupyradifurone, fluvalinate,
tau-fluvalinate, fonofos, furathiocarb, halofem~ozideh, eptafluthrin, hcxaflumuron,
hydramethyinon, iniidacloprid, itniprothrin, indoxacarb, indoxacarb-MP, isoprocarb,
20 isoxathion, lepimecti~ml,u fenuron, malathion, mcpcrflutlrin, metaflumizone, metaldehyde,
methacrifos, methamidophos, methidathion, methomnyl, methoprene, methoxychlor,
methoxyfenozide, metofluthrin, musealure, nitellpyram, novaluron, noviflumuron,
omcthoate, oxyderneton-methyl, parathion-methyl, pemethrin, phenothrin, phenthoate,
phorate, phosalonc, phosmet, phoxim, pirimicarb, pirimiphos-methyl, profe~lofos,
25 prothiofos, pyn~etrozinep, yraclofos, pyrethrins, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon, pyriprole,
pyriproxyfen, resmethrin, rotenone, silafluofen, spinetoram, spinosad, spirotetramat,
sulfotep, sulfoxaflor, lebufenozide, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, terbufos, telrachlorvinphos,
tetramethrio, d-tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthl-in, tetraniliprole? tliiacioprid, thiamethoxam,
thiocyclam, thiodic;~rb, thiofanox, thiomctol1. tolfenpyrad, tralomethriii, transfluthrin,
80
11-iazamatei. sichlorfoii; trillun~ezopyrii~tlr,i llurn~~~tMrnE,5 382 (lest i~anlc)M, U-1 204
(test name), and ZDI2501 (test name);
active ingredient group N: acequinocyl, acrinathrin, amidoflumct, amitraz,
azocyclotin, benzoximatc, bifcnazate, bromopropylatc, clofcnlczine, cyenopyraCcn,
5 cyflutnetofen, dicofol, dienochlor, etoxazole, fe~~azaquifne,n butatin oxide, fenothiocarb,
fenpropatluin, Senpproximate, fluacrypyrim, formelanate, halfenprox, hexylhiazox,
rnilben~ectinp, ropargite, pyflubumide, pysidabcn, pyrimidifen, spirodiclofen,
spiromesifen, tehufenpyrad, and NA-89 (test name);
active ingredient group 0: cadusafos, dichlofenthion, ethoprophos, fena~niphos,
10 fluensulfone, fosthiazate, Sosthieta11, imicyafos, isamidofos, isazofos, methyl bromide,
methyl isothiocyanate, oxamyl, sodium azide, thiaxazafen, BYI-1921 (test name), and
MAI-08015 (test name);
active ingredient group P: acriflavine, albendazole, atovaguone, azithromycin,
bithionol, bromofenofos, cambendazole, casnidazole, chloroquine, clazuril, clindarnycin
15 hydrochloride, clorsulon, closantcl, coumaphos, cymiazol, dichlorophen,
diethylcarbamazine, diminazene, disophenol, dilhiazanine iodide, doxycycline
hydrochloride, doramectin, emodepside, eprinomectin, febantel, fenbendazole,
flubendazole, furazolidone, glycalpyramide, imidocarb, ivermectin, levamisole,
n~cbcndazolc,m efloquine, ~nelarsamineh ydrochloride, metronidazole, metyridine,
20 tnilbe~nycino ximc, inunepantel, morantel tartrate, moxidectin, nicarbazin, niciosamide,
nitroscanate, nitroxynil, o~nphalotin,o xa~tepl amoate, oxantel tartrate, oxfendazolee,
oxibendazole, oxyclozatlide, pamaquine, pllcnothiazine, piperazine adipate, piperazine
citrate, piperazine phosphate, PNU-97333, PNU-141962 , praziquantel, primaquine,
propetamphos, propoxur, pyrantel panloate, pyrimethamine, santonin, selamectin,
25 sulfadimethoxine, sulhdoxine, sulfatnerazine, sulfamonometl~oxines, ulfamoildapsone,
thiabendazole, tinidazolc, toltrazuril, tribromsalan, and triclabendazole;
active ingredient goup Q: ketoconazole and miconazole nitrate; and
active ingredieut group R: an~oxicillita~m, picillin, bethoxazin, bithionol, bronopol,
cefapirin, cefazolin. cefquinomc, ccftiofur. clilortetracycline, clavulanic acid,
81
iiaiiollositci~d~i:f loxacin, dinitoimidc, cnl-ofloxacin, florrcnicol, iincomyciii, loiuelloxnciri,
mai-bofloxacin; miloxz~ciil,m irosamycin, nilrapyrin, nol.floxaci11, octliili~~onocf,l nxacin,
01-hifloxacin,o xolinic acid, oxytetracycline, penicillin, strel~tomycint,h iamphenicol,
tian~ulinfu nlarate, tilil~icosinp hosphate, acetylisovalcryltylosin, tylosiii phosphate,
5 tulathro~nycinv, alncn~ulin,c alcinated shell calcinm (calcium oxide), genus Talaromyces,
genus Trichodenna, aiid genus Coniothyrium.
2. The insecticidal, miticidal, nematicidal, niicrobicidal, or bactericidal composition
according to claim I, comprising the active compound 11 selected fiom the active
10 ingredients M.
3. The insecticidal, miticidal, nematicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal cornposition
according to claim 2, comprising the active con~poundI1 selected from ihc active
ingredient group M consisting of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, flubendiainide,
15 gammna-cyhalothri~~cy, claniliprofe, tetraniliprole, spinosad, spinetoran, metaflutnizone,
flupyradifurone, flomctoquin, bifenthrin, and flufenoxuron.
4. The insecticidal, miticidal, ne~naticidalm, icrobicidal, or bactericidal composition
according to claim 3, comprising the activc compound I1 selected fro111 the active
20 ingredient group M consisting of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, fluhendiamide, and
gamma-cyhalothrin.
5. The insecticidal, miticidal, nematicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal composition
according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the active compound I is
25 4-(5-(3,5-dichlo1~opl1enyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluorometl~yl)isoxazole--yl]-2-11~cthyl-N-[2-
oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)an1ino]ethyl]benzalnide.
6. 'l'he insecticidal, niiticidal, nematicidal, microbicidal, or bactericidal composition
acco~dingto any one olclaims 1 to 4, wherein the active compound 1 is
7. A method for co~ltrollingp csis ai~dd iseases cl~aracterizedi n that a lreatmenl is
5 conducted wit11 the one or two active compound(.;) 1 as clai~nedi n claim 1 and the one or
more aclive compound(s) 11 as clailned in claim 1 at the saine tiiile or at diffefereilt tiines
that are close to each other.
8. A method for controllillg pests charac1e1-ized in that a treatment is conducted wit11
10 the one or more active compound(s) 1 as claimed in claim 1 aid the one or more active
colnpound(s) I1 as claimed in claiin 3 at the same tiiile or ai dkfferent times that are close
to eacli other.