TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present subject matter described herein, relates to an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) for an Internal Combustion (IC) Engine to improve the overall engine efficiency by preventing cylinder to cylinder cross flow of exhaust gases. More particularly, according to the present subject matter an Integrated Exhaust Manifold with an integrated deflector is provided to prevent cross exhaust gas flow from one to another cylinder in the cylinder head of an IC engine.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] Generally, an exhaust manifold in an IC Engine of vehicle collects the exhaust gases from multiple cylinders in a cylinder head, into one pipe. An integrated exhaust manifold is a part of the engine cylinder head, instead of being a separate bolt-on. The structure and shape of integrated exhaust manifold affects engine efficiency by determining course of exhaust gases exiting from cylinders in a multi-cylinder IC Engine.
[0004] Technical problem: In the existing IEM for three-cylinder IC engines (as shown in figure-1), the cross flow of exhaust gases from one cylinder to another cylinder due to common IEM outlet & connection between them is still a major problem, that negatively affects engine efficiency. Generally firing order for a three-cylinder IC engine is 1-3-2. There exists overlap of time between exhaust stroke of a first cylinder and inlet stroke of a third cylinder. Due to this overlap, existing exhaust gases (direction of flow of exhaust gases shown by arrow (1) from first cylinder mixes into the fresh inlet air for third cylinder

(direction of diversion shown by dotted arrows (2) in the figure-1), degrading the quality of inlet air and eventually reducing the efficiency of the Engine. The crosstalk between the exhaust gases from the first cylinder to the third cylinder, in a 3-cylinder engine, is much higher due to the fact that there is very less distance between the first cylinder and the third cylinder. Further, it also disturbs the mass flow rate of the exhaust gases and results in poor efficiency of the engine.
[0005] Above mentioned problem occurs majorly in the existing IEM of compact three-cylinder IC engines (as shown in figure-1), where there exist dimensional limitations to provide the passage of the exhaust gases. For example, in a layout of an existing IEM in a compact 4 valve 3-cylinder SI engine, if D be the Bore diameter of the engine cylinder, total height of the IEM above the engine cylinder is 1.4D from center of the cylinder (where axis is parallel to crank axis) and distance between cylinder to cylinder (where axis is perpendicular to crank axis) is LID. Packaging of the first engine cylinder & third engine cylinder exhaust ports inside distance of 1.4 D, in existing compact cylinder head for three-cylinder IC engines creates sharp bends which results in exhaust gases from one engine cylinder diverted to flow into inlet of the other engine cylinder contributing to residual gas fraction in the inlet gases. Hence, there is a need for an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) for compact three-cylinder IC engine that efficiently eliminates the cross flow of exhaust gases from one cylinder to another cylinder in the cylinder head.
OBJECTS OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0006] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfy, are listed herein below.
[0007] The principal object of the present invention is to provide an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) for an IC Engine to improve the overall engine efficiency by preventing cross flow of exhaust gases.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide an Integrated Exhaust Manifold with an integrated deflector to prevent cross exhaust gas flow from one to another cylinder in the IEM cylinder head of an IC engine.
[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) for an IC Engine that reduces residual gas fraction in the air intake of a cylinder.
[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) for an IC Engine that reduces compression end temperature.
[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) that aid in avoiding knocking and pre-ignition in an IC Engine.
[0012] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) that maintains the mass flow rate of the exhaust gases.
[0013] These and other objects and advantages will become more apparent when reference is made to the following description and accompanying drawings.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0014] This summary is provided to introduce concepts related to an Integrated Exhaust Manifold with an integrated deflector to prevent cross exhaust gas flow from one to another cylinder. The concepts are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0015] In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to an Integrated Exhaust Manifold provided with an integrated deflector to prevent cross exhaust gas flow from one cylinder to another cylinder. The integrated deflector has been provided with a shape and structure that inhibits cross flow of exhaust gases and exhaust gases exit from the system without any mixing into fresh inlet air.

[0016] In an aspect, an Integrated Exhaust Manifold for preventing cross flow of exhaust gases is provided in a plurality of cylinders from the exhaust lines of an internal combustion engine having a cylinder head including three cylinders arranged in series along a longitudinal axis of the cylinder head. A plurality of exhaust ports is provided in fluidic communication with the plurality of cylinders for the exit of exhaust gases.
[0017] In an embodiment of present subject matter, an Integrated Exhaust Manifold is provided for preventing cross flow of exhaust gases in a plurality of cylinders in a cylinder head. The integrated exhaust manifold comprises a plurality of exhaust ports in fluidic communication with the plurality of cylinders for the exit of exhaust gases. A first exhaust line is provided to receive exhaust gases from a first outer cylinder via a plurality of first exhaust outlets. A second exhaust line is provided to receive exhaust gases from an inner cylinder via a plurality of second exhaust outlets. A third exhaust line is provided to receive exhaust gases from a second outer cylinder via a plurality of third exhaust outlets. A first merged exhaust line is formed by merging of the first exhaust line and the second exhaust outlet by the side of the first exhaust line. A second merged exhaust line is formed by merging of the third exhaust line and the second exhaust outlet by the side of the third exhaust line.
[0018] An integrated deflector is provided between the first merged exhaust line and the second merged exhaust line, which is formed by merging of an inner wall of each of the second exhaust outlets at an elongated profile. The elongated profile comprises two of a tilted side and a merging region. A common exhaust line is built inside the cylinder head by merging of the two of the tilted side. The integrated deflector fluidly divides the flow of exhaust gases from the first merged exhaust line and the second merged exhaust line.
[0019] In an embodiment of present subject matter, the two of the tilted side of the integrated deflector start at a predefined tilt from an inner wall of each of the second exhaust outlets to deflect exhaust gases from the first outer cylinder

and the second outer cylinder without disturbing mass flow rate of exhaust gases from the first outer cylinder, the inner cylinder and the second outer cylinder.
[0020] In an embodiment of present subject matter, the two of the tilted side of the integrated deflector merge at the merging region in a U- shaped structure, to avoid stress concentration in the merging region and to reduce the disruption flow at the merging region due to the meeting of exhaust gases flow from the first merged exhaust line and the second merged exhaust line.
[0021] The length of the integrated deflector is less than the overall length of the cylinder head. The distance between the merging region and the common exit outlet is in the range of 14 - 16 mm.
[0022] Various objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] The illustrated embodiments of the subject matter will be best understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. The following description is intended only by way of example, and simply illustrates certain selected embodiments of devices, systems, and methods that are consistent with the subject matter as claimed herein, wherein:
[0024] Figure-1 illustrates Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) according to an existing art with technical problem; and
[0025] Figure-2 illustrates an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) according to one of the embodiments of the present subject matter.
[0026] Figure-3 illustrates the close-up of the integrated deflector according to the present invention.

[0027] The figures depict embodiments of the present subject matter for the purposes of illustration only. A person skilled in the art will easily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the disclosure is described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments are described herein in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of details provided herein is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0029] It is also to be understood that various arrangements may be devised that, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and embodiments of the present disclosure, as well as specific examples, are intended to encompass equivalents thereof.
[0030] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a"," "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes" and/or "including," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof.

[0031] It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed concurrently or may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
[0032] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", and the like in the present invention are used for the purpose of description only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which example embodiments belong. It will be further understood that terms, e.g., those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
[0034] These and other advantages of the present subject matter would be described in greater detail with reference to the following figures. It should be noted that the description merely illustrates the principles of the present subject matter. It will thus be appreciated that those skilled in the art will be able to devise various arrangements that, although not explicitly described herein, embody the principles of the present subject matter and are included within its scope.
[0035] The main objective of the present invention is to provide an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (100) with an integrated deflector (110) to prevent cross exhaust gas flow from one to another cylinder.
[0036] The subject matter disclosed herein relates to an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) (100) for an internal combustion engine (IC Engine) of a vehicle.

Referring to Figure-2 illustrating an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (100) for the IC Engine according to one of the embodiments of the present subject matter. The Integrated Exhaust Manifold (100) is provided for preventing cross flow of exhaust gases in a plurality of cylinders (101, 102, 103) from the exhaust lines (105, 106, 107) of the IC engine. The IC engine is having a cylinder head including three cylinders (101, 102, 103) arranged in series along a longitudinal axis of the cylinder head. A plurality of exhaust ports (104a, 104b, 104c) are provided in fluidic communication with the plurality of cylinders (101, 102, 103) for the exit of exhaust gases. The plurality of exhaust lines (105, 106, 107) receive exhaust gases from the plurality of exhaust ports (104a, 104b, 104c).
[0037] The Integrated Exhaust Manifold (100) comprises: a first exhaust line (105) to receive exhaust gases from a first outer cylinder (101) via a plurality of first exhaust outlets (105a, 105b), a second exhaust line (106) to receive exhaust gases from an inner cylinder (102) via a plurality of second exhaust outlets (106a, 106b), and a third exhaust line (107) to receive exhaust gases from a second outer cylinder (103) via a plurality of third exhaust outlets (107a, 107b).
[0038] A first merged exhaust line (108) is formed by merging of the first exhaust line (105) and the second exhaust outlet (106a) by the side of the first exhaust line (105). A second merged exhaust line (109) formed by merging of the third exhaust line (107) and the second exhaust outlet (106b) by the side of the third exhaust line (107).
[0039] The integrated deflector (110) between the first merged exhaust line (108) and the second merged exhaust line (109) is formed by merging of an inner wall (110a, 110b) of each of the second exhaust outlet (106a, 106b) elongated vertical profile. The integrated deflector (110) fluidly divides the flow of gases from the first merged exhaust line (108) and the second merged exhaust line (109).
[0040] The length of the inner wall (110a) of the exhaust outlet (106a) of the second cylinder and the length of the inner wall (110b) of the exhaust outlet (106b) is extended downwards in a straight line to an extent. After that, both the

inner walls (110a, 110b) make a certain angle with the plain such that they move towards each other and are joined at the bottom making a merging region (110c) in a U-shape structure. The U-Shaped structure of the merging region (110c) junction (111) is quite imperative because if the inner walls (110a, 110b) combine in such a way that they make a "V-Shaped" junction, it would lead to turbulence creation due to the mixing of the exhaust gases of the first outer cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (102), and mixing of the exhaust gases of the third cylinder (103) and the inner cylinder (102). Also, it would lead to the re-circulation of exhaust gases at the merging region (110c) and would hamper the exhaust gas flow rate.
[0041] Further, the length of the integrated deflector (110) is kept such that the merged exhaust lines (108, 109) are inside the cylinder head only. The length of the integrated deflector (110) is not kept equal to or greater than the overall length of the cylinder head. This allows the Integrated Exhaust Manifold (IEM) (100) to be compact and more efficient. The integrated deflector (110) guides the flow of exhaust gases from the first merged exhaust line (108) to prevent cross flow of exhaust gases into any of the inner cylinder (102) or second outer cylinder (103). The integrated deflector (110) guides the flow of exhaust gases from the second merged exhaust line (109) to prevent cross flow of exhaust gases into any of the inner cylinder (102) or first outer cylinder (101).
[0042] Traditionally, the exhaust flow rate of cylinder (102) is higher than the
exhaust flow rate of cylinder (101) and cylinder (103) because of the fact that the first merged exhaust line (108) is formed by merging of the first exhaust line (105) and the second exhaust outlet (106a) by the side of the first exhaust line (105) and the second merged exhaust line (109) formed by merging of the third exhaust line (107) and the second exhaust outlet (106b) by the side of the third exhaust line (107).
[0043] The integrated deflector (110), according to the present invention, is designed in such a way that it does not disturb the mass flow rate of the exhaust gases. The integrated deflector (110) fluidly divides the flow of exhaust gases

from the first merged exhaust line (108) and the second merged exhaust line (109). A plurality of arrow (1) in the figure-2 indicates the flow of exhaust gas from the first outer cylinder (101) only towards the common exhaust line (111) without any diversion towards the third outer cylinder (103). The first merged exhaust line (108) and second merged exhaust line (109) fluidly converge into a common exhaust line (111) for the exit of the exhaust gases. The distance between the merging region (110c) and the common exhaust line (111) is in the range of 14 - 16 mm.
[0044] Technical advantages: The present subject matter provides an Integrated Exhaust Manifold (100) with an integrated deflector (110) that guides the flow of exhaust gases from the first merged exhaust line (108) and the second merged exhaust line (109), so as to restrict the cross flow of exhaust gases and to avoid entering of exhaust gases from one cylinder (101) into other cylinder (103). Therefore, structure of integrated deflector (110) provided by present subject matter also reduces residual gas fraction in the inlet fresh air. Further, it reduces compression end temperature and avoids knocking & pre-ignition in an IC Engine.
[0045] The "U-shaped" structure of the merging region (110c) of the integrated deflector (110), as shown in figure-3, reduces the re-circulation of the exhaust gases at a specific point. Further, it avoids the turbulence creation.
[0046] Further, the design of the integrated deflector (110) keep the uniform mass flow rate of the exhaust gases of all three cylinders which improves the efficiency of the engine. It also significantly reduces the cross talk between the first outer cylinder (101) and the third cylinder (103).
[0047] It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least," the term "includes" should be interpreted as "includes but is not limited to," etc.). It will be further understood by those within

the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to inventions containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and/or "an" should typically be interpreted to mean "at least one" or "one or more"); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations," without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances, where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, or C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or

both terms. For example, the phrase "A or B" will be understood to include the possibilities of "A" or "B" or "A and B."
[0048] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.

WE CLAIM

1.An Integrated Exhaust Manifold (100) for preventing cross flow of
exhaust gases in a plurality of cylinders (101, 102, 103) in a cylinder head, the integrated exhaust manifold comprising:
a plurality of exhaust ports (104a, 104b, 104c) in fluidic communication with the plurality of cylinders (101, 102, 103) for the exit of exhaust gases;
a first exhaust line (105) to receive exhaust gases from a first outer cylinder
(101) via a plurality of first exhaust outlets (105a, 105b);
a second exhaust line (106) to receive exhaust gases from an inner cylinder
(102) via a plurality of second exhaust outlets (106a, 106b);
a third exhaust line (107) to receive exhaust gases from a second outer cylinder
(103) via a plurality of third exhaust outlets (107a, 107b);
a first merged exhaust line (108) formed by merging of the first exhaust line (105) and the second exhaust outlet (106a) by the side of the first exhaust line (105); and
a second merged exhaust line (109) formed by merging of the third exhaust line (107) and the second exhaust outlet (106b) by the side of the third exhaust line (107), characterized in that:
an integrated deflector (110) between the first merged exhaust line (108) and the second merged exhaust line (109) is formed by merging of an inner wall (110a, 110b) of each of the second exhaust outlets (106a, 106b) at an elongated profile,
the elongated profile comprises two of a tilted side (110a, 110b) and a merging region (110c),
a common exhaust line (111) is built inside the cylinder head by merging of the two of the tilted side (110a, 110b), and
the integrated deflector (110) fluidly divides the flow of exhaust gases from the first merged exhaust line (108) and the second merged exhaust line (109).

2. The Integrated Exhaust Manifold (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two of the tilted side (110a, 110b) of the integrated deflector (110) start at a predefined tilt from an inner wall of each of the second exhaust outlets (106a, 106b) to deflect exhaust gases from the first outer cylinder (101) and the second outer cylinder (103) without disturbing mass flow rate of exhaust gases from the first outer cylinder (101), the inner cylinder (102) and the second outer cylinder (103).
3. The Integrated Exhaust Manifold (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein two of the tilted side (110a, 110b) of the integrated deflector (110) merge at the merging region (110c) in a U- shaped structure, to avoid stress concentration in the merging region (110c) and to reduce the disruption flow at the merging region (110c) due to the meeting of exhaust gases flow from the first merged exhaust line (108) and the second merged exhaust line (109).
4. The Integrated Exhaust Manifold (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the integrated deflector (110) is less than the overall length of the cylinder head.
5. The Integrated Exhaust Manifold (100) as claimed in claim 6, wherein the distance between the merging region (110c) and the common exhaust line (111) is in the range of 14 - 16 mm.