"INTEGRATED WASHING MACHINE PUMP"
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to clothes washing machines and in particular drain or
recirculating pumps for such machines.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Clothes washing machines require a pump to drain the machine bowl of both wash,
and rinse water. In machines where wash, water is recirculated a pump is requited for this
purpose also. Hitherto such pumps have taken the form of discrete components mounted
outside the washing machine bowl and connected thereto by means of ducts and hoses.
The use of discrete component pumps in washing machines gives rise to the risk of
water leakage because of the number of joints required between ducts, hoses and pumps and
hose deterioration.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an integrated washing machine and
pump structure which will at least reduce the abovementioned disadvantage.
Accordingly in one aspect the invention consists in:
a clothes washing machine having an outer bowl which in use selectively contains
wash and rinse liquid and a rotary pump driven by an electric motor which drains or
recirculates liquid in said bowl, characterized in that
a housing for the pump is formed in the base or bottom of said outer bowl and
integral therewith;
said motor has a rotor which is rotatably mounted in said housing,
said pump has an impeller connected to said rotor to rotate within said housing,
said housing is open to the interior of said outer bowl to allow liquid in said bowl to
enter said pump; and
said motor has a stator which co-acts with said rotor and which is mounted about the
exterior of said housing such, that the wall of said housing lies between said stator and said
rotor.
In a second aspect the invention consists in:

a clothes washing machine having an outer bowl which in use selectively contains wash
and rinse liquid and a rotary pump driven by an electric motor which drains and/or recirculates
Equid in said bowl, characterised in that
said outer bowl has an aperture in the bottom,
a housing for the pump is sealably mounted within said aperture to be integral with
said outer bowl,
said motor has a rotor which is rotatably mounted in said housing,
said pump has an impeller connected to said rotor to rotate within said housing,
said housing is open to the interior of said outer bowl to allow liquid in said bowl to
enter said pump, and
said motor has a stator which co-acts with said rotor and which is mounted about the
exterior of said housing such that the wall of said housing lies between said stator and said
rotor.
In a third aspect the invention consists in:
a clothes washing machine comprising:
a stationary watertight outer bowl which in use may selectively contain wash or rinse
liquid,
a perforated tub which receives the clothes load mounted within said outer bowl,
means for selectively agitating or spinning the clothes load within said perforated tub,
a rotary pump for pumping wash water or rinse water from said outer bowl, said
pump having:
a housing integrally formed in the wall of said outer bowl,
a motor rotor rotatably mounted within said housing,
an impeller mounted within said housing and connected to said rotor,
said housing being open to the interior of said outer bowl to provide an inlet to said
pump,
and a motor stator being mounted about the exterior surface of said housing in co-
acting relationship with said rotor such that the housing wall lies between said rotor and said
stator.
In a fourth aspect the invention consists in:
a clothes washing machine comprising:
a stationary outer bowl which in use may selectively contain wash or rinse liquid,
said outer bowl having an aperture in the bottom,

a perforated tub which receives the clothes load mounted within said outer bowl,
means for selectively agitating ot spinning the clothes load within said perforated tub,
a rotary pump for pumping wash water or rinse water from said outer bowl, said
pump having:
a housing which is sealably mounted within said aperture in said outer bowl to be
integral with said outer bowl,
a motor rotor rotatabiy mounted within said housing,
an impeller mounted within said housing and connected to said rotor,
said housing being open to the interior of said outer bowl to provide an inlet to said
pump,
and a motor stator being mounted about the exterior surface of said housing in co-
acting relationship with said rotor such that the housing wall lies between said rotor and said
stator.
In a fifth aspect the invention consists in:
a pump for a clothes washing machine having a water containing outer bowl which
drains and/or recirculates liquid in said bowl, said bowl having an aperture in the bottom and
said pump having a housing which includes an electric motor, characterised in that:
said housing is adapted to be sealably mounted within said aperture so as to be
integral with said outer bowl,
said motor has a rotor which is rotatabiy mounted in said housing,
said pump has an impeller connected to said rotor to rotate within said housing,
said housing in use is open to the interior of said outer bowl to allow liquid in said
bowl to enter said pump, and
said motor has a stator which co-acts with said rotor and which is mounted about the
exterior of said housing such that the wall of said housing lies between said stator and said
rotor.
Preferably said rotor includes a drive shaft and said impeller is mounted on said drive
shaft
Preferably a transverse partition is mounted in said housing which separates said rotor
and said impeller into separate compartments and which supports a waterproof bearing in a
central aperture through which said drive shaft passes and is journalled.
Preferably said impeller is mounted within said housing proximate to said outer bowl
and said rotor is mounted in said housing distal to said outer bowL

Preferably said partition has a small aperture therein to allow wash liquid to enter said
rotor compartment and to vent pneumatic pressure in said compartment when hot.
Preferably a filter is mounted in said aperture to prevent foreign objects from entering
said rotor compartment
Preferably said distal portion of said housing has a cylindrical wall and said cylindrical
wall lies between said stator and said rotor.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the
accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 diagrammatically shows a first embodiment of a drain/recirculating pump
integrated with a washing machine bowl,
Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a drain/recirculating pump integrated with a
washing machine bowl,
Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of detail A in Figure 2,
Figure 4 shows an exploded pictorial view of a drain/recirculating pump to be
integrated with a washing machine bowl,
Figure 5 shows a cross-section through the pump of Figure 4.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The essence of the present invention is the integration of a drain/recirculation pump
(preferably a centrifugal pump) with a washing machine bowl, thereby reducing the number of
water connections outside the watertight bowl. One embodiment of the invention is illustrated
diagrammatically in Figure 1.
A washing machine outer bowl 1 has a floor 2 into which is moulded a cylindrical
recess 3 which forms part of the drain/recirculation pump housing. In particular a cylindrical
recess 3 forms the lower portion of the pump housing and houses a rotor 4 of an electric
motor (generally indicated as 5). The motor stator 6 is mounted exteriorally of the washing
machine bowl 2 about the cylindrical wall 14 of recess 3 so as to be co-axial and co-planar with
rotor 4. The wall of the pump housing, which forms part of the outer bowl lies in the motor
air gap. Motor 5 is preferably a brushless dc motor with the windings of stator 6 commutated
electronically.

Rotor 4 carries a drive shaft 7 which is connected to a pump impeller 8 which in torn is
contained within the upper portion 9 of the pump housing. The pump housing 9 has an inlet
10 in the form of an opening to the interior of outer bowl 1 through which wash and rinse
water may flow to be pressurised by impeller 8.
The pump outlet duct 11 extends from pump housing 9 within the outer bowl and
terminates at a connector 12 to which a flexible hose 13 may be connected to convey drain
water external to the bowl. A recirculating outlet (not shown) feeds a pipe contained within
the bowl, configured so as to discharge onto the clothes load.
Exemplifying an advantage of the invention, in this embodiment it can be seen that
there is only one potential leak path and that is at connection 12. Since that is located inside
the bowl then if the joint leaks the leakage remains within the watertight bowl 1. Some
advantage could be achieved by putting the pump inside the outer bowl and the entire drive
motor outside it However, by also putting the rotor of the pump motor within the outer bowl
the need for an aperture in the outer bowl and a dynamic shaft seal, with associated potential
for leakage, is avoided.
A more easily fabricated embodiment will now be described with reference to Figures 2
to 5. Here the pump 19 is a separate part which is integrated with base 21 of a washing
machine outer bowl 20 (see Figures 2 and 3). The bowl is plastics moulded and is of the type
disclosed in US Patent 4,813,248. Within base 21 at a suitable drain point near a side wall of
the bowl there is moulded a drain sump and in the floor of the sump a flanged aperture 22 is
provided. In the preferred form this is elliptical. Pump 19 is mounted in this aperture 22 and
when mounted completely closes it off.
Referring in particular to Figures 4 and 5, the pump housing comprises a proximate
portion 26 which houses a pump impeller 27 and a distal portion 28 which houses a rotor 29
of an electric motor 64 powering the pump. In the particular arrangement shown the housing
connects to the bowl base with its axis substantially vertical. With this orientation the distal
portion 28 of the housing is lower than the proximate portion which contains the impeller.
The lower portion 28 of the pump housing is cylindrical and closed off at the bottom with an
integrally moulded floor section 30. The flange 48 of the pump housing 25 fits about the
flange of the bowl aperture 22. A static sealing ring 50 which fits around the periphery of
housing cap 42 seals the pump housing within the bowl aperture. The housing is fastened to
the outer bowl by screws passing through lugs 47 provided about flange 48 of the upper
portion 26 of the housing.

The pump is of the centrifugal type with impeller 27 configured so as to be capable of
pumping when driven in either a clockwise or an anti-clockwise direction. The electric drive
motor 64 is of the brushless permanent magnet DC type. The permanent magnet rotor 29 is
rotatably mounted within the lower portion 28 of the pump housing. Rotor 29, which in the
preferred embodiment may run wet (see below), rotates on a drive shaft 31 which connects to
impeller 27. A partition member 33 (see in particular Figure 5) separates the upper and lower
portions of the pump housing into anupper compartment 65 (containing the impeller) and a
lower compartment 66 (containing the rotor) and provides a support for an upper bearing 34
within which drive shaft 31 is journalled. Partition 33 together with dynamic shaft seal
prevents materials entrained in the machine wash or rinse water from entering the lower
compartment 66 of the pump housing to thereby cause wear or jamming of the rotor.
However a small aperture 60 is provided in partition member 33 to allow controlled water flow
into the lower compartment of the pump housing. The presence of water assists in cooling
and lubricating the rotor and bearings 61 and 34. Aperture 60 is preferably provided with a
filter (not shown) to exclude particulate matter or other foreign bodies from entering the
motor rotor compartment 66. Aperture 60 also vents pneumatic pressure in the rotor
compartment when hot.
Rotor drive shaft 31 is also journalled in a lower bearing 61 which is supported in a
cavity 62 in the floor 30 of the pump housing. The motor stator 35 is mounted on the exterior
of the pump housing co-axially with the rotor and in the same principal plane as the rotor
about the lower portion 28 of the pump housing. The cylindrical walls of the lower portion of
the pump housing reside within the "air gap" between the rotor and stator. The stator may
typically be of the salient pole type preferably having six poles 36. The stator, being external to
the pump housing, is in a dry environment notwithstanding the rotor part of the motor is
contained within the pump housing and therefore in essence within the washing machine bowl.
The stator is protected by a plastics cover 37 which has a removable base 38 held in place by
screws 63.
The stator 35 comprises substantially annular laminations of magnetic steel which are
over moulded with a plastics case which also covers the integrally formed poles to provide
plastic bobbins around which the windings 36 are wound. The pole tips are arcuate and lie on
a circle of a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical wall of the lower portion of
the pump housing. The stator is clamped in place by base 38.

The btushless DC motor preferably has a controller which uses the back EMF induced
in an unused stator winding to provide the necessary rotor position sensing. Controllers of the
type suitable for the present motor are disclosed in US 6,034,493 and WO 2005/062460.
Instead of back EMF sensing of the rotor position other known techniques can be
used such as Hall effect sensing.
In operation water pressurised by the centrifugal forces induced by rotation of impeller
27 leaves the upper portion of the pump housing through either outlet 40 to which is
connected a drain hose or through outlet 39 into a recirculation duct (not shown) which guides
the water back onto the top of the clothes load. Whether the water is drained or recirculated is
determined by the direction in which impeller 27 is rotated. Mounted in association with
impeller 27 is a bi-state flapper valve 41 which depending on the direction in which water
leaves impeller 27 revolves between one of two states. In one state valve 41 seals off outlet 39
and water is directed to drain outlet 40 and in the other state water is directed to the
recirculation outlet 39.
It is necessary to direct water from drain sump 23 in an efficient manner into the pump
housing while at the same time ensuring that foreign objects are prevented from entering the
pump, and also minimising the potential for blockage by clothes lint These objectives are met
by the use of a top cap 42 in association with a complementary pump hood 43 which define
the water inlet path to the pump. Water from the drain sump enters under the hood and over
the top of the scalloped peripheral wall 44 of top cap 42 (which forms a first weir) and into the
cap inlet aperture 45 defined by cylindrical wall 46 which forms a second weir.
A drain/recirculating pump integrated with a washing machine outer bowl in the
manner disclosed ensures a water handling system with reduced leak paths external to the
bowl.

CLAIMS
1. A clothes washing machine having an outer bowl which in use selectively contains
wash and rinse liquid and a rotary pump driven by an electric motor which drains or
recirculates liquid in said bowl, characterised in that
a housing for the pump is formed in the base or bottom of said outer bowl and integral
therewith;
said motor has a rotor which is rotatably mounted in said housing,
said pump has an impeller connected to said rotor to rotate within said housing,
said housing is open to the interior of said outer bowl to allow liquid in said bowl to
enter said pump; and
said motor has a stator which co-acts with said rotor and which is mounted about the
exterior of said housing such that the wall of said housing lies between said stator and said
rotor.
2. A clothes washing machine having an outer bowl which in use selectively contains
wash and rinse liquid and a rotary pump driven by an electric motor which drains and/or
recirculates liquid in said bowl, characterised in that:
said outer bowl has an aperture in the bottom,
a housing for the pump is seakbly mounted within said aperture to be integral with
said outer bowl,
said motor has a rotor which is rotatably mounted in said housing,
said pump has an impeller connected to said rotor to rotate within said housing,
said housing is open to the interior of said outer bowl to allow liquid in said bowl to
enter said pump, and
said motor has a stator which co-acts with said rotor and which is mounted about the
exterior of said housing such that the wall of said housing lies between said stator and said
rotor.

3. A clothes washing machine comprising:
a stationary watertight outer bowl which in use may selectively contain wash or rinse
liquid,
a perforated tub which receives the clothes load mounted within said outer bowl,
means for selectively agitating or spinning the clothes load within said perforated tub,
a rotary pump for pumping wash water or rinse water from said outer bowl, said
pump having:
a housing integrally formed in the wall of said outer bowl,
a motor rotor rotatably mounted within said housing,
an impeller mounted within said housing and connected to said rotor,
said housing being open to the interior of said outer bowl to provide an inlet to said
pump,
and a motor stator being mounted about the exterior surface of said housing in co-
acting relationship with said rotor such that the housing wall lies between said rotor and said
stator.
4. A clothes washing machine comprising:
a stationary outer bowl which in use may. selectively contain wash or rinse liquid,
said outer bowl having an aperture in the bottom,
a perforated tub which receives the clothes load mounted within said outer bowl,
means for selectively agitating or spinning the clothes load within said perforated tub,
a rotary pump for pumping wash water or rinse water from said outer bowl, said
pump having:
a housing which is sealably mounted within said aperture in said outer bowl to be
integral with said outer bowl,
a motor rotor rotatably mounted within said housing,
an impeller mounted within said housing and connected to said rotor,

said housing being open to the interior of said outer bowl to provide an inlet to said
pump,
and a motor stator being mounted about the exterior surface of said housing in co-
acting relationship with said rotot such that the housing wall lies between said rotor and said
stator.
5. A pump for a clothes washing machine having a water containing outer bowl which
drains and/or reckcuktes liquid in said bowl, said bowl having an aperture in the bottom and
said pump having a housing which includes an electric motor, characterised in that
said housing is adapted to be sealably mounted within said aperture so as to be integral
with said outer bowl,
said motor has a rotor which is rotatably mounted in said housing,
said pump has an impeller connected to said rotor to rotate within said housing,
said housing in use is open to the interior of said outer bowl to allow liquid in said
bowl to enter said pump, and
said motor has a stator which co-acts with said rotor and which is mounted about the
exterior of said housing such that the wall of said housing lies between said stator and said
rotor.
6. A clothes washing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein said rotor
includes a drive shaft and said impeller is mounted on said drive shaft
7. A clothes washing machine according to claim 6 wherein a transverse partition is
mounted in said housing which separates said rotor and said impeller into two compartments
and which contains a waterproof beating in a central aperture through which said drive shaft
passes and is journalled.
8. A clothes washing appliance according to claim 7 wherein said impeller is mounted
within said housing proximate to said outer bowl and said rotor is mounted in said housing
distal to said outer bowl

9. A clothes washing appliance according to claim 8 wherein said partition has a small
aperture therein which allows wash liquid to enter the rotor compartment and to vent
pneumatic pressure in said rotor compartment.
10. A clothes washing appliance according to claim 9 wherein a filter is located in said
aperture to prevent foreign bodies entrained in said wash liquid from entering said rotor
compartment
11. A clothes washing appliance according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said
distal portion of said housing has a cylindrical wall and said cylindrical wall lies between said
stator and said rotor.
12. A clothes washing machine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said
pump motor is a brushless dc motor.

A drain pomp (and/or recirculating pump) for a clothes washing machine which has no dynamic leak paths exterior
to the washing machine outer bowl. The pump is contained within a housing which is either formed integrally with the outer bowl
or connects directly within an aperture provided in the bottom of the bowl using a single static seal. The pump inlet is directly
exposed to the interior of the outer bowl. The pump motor has a rotor mounted within the pump housing with the interconnected
pump impeller to obviate the need for a dynamic water seal for the rotor drive shaft. The rotor can run wet. The stator is mounted
outside of the housing such that the housing wall lies in the motor air gap. The motor is preferably a brushless dc motor.