TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communication systems, and more specifically relates to an integrated wireless access backhaul device for network densification using a mesh network.
BACKGROUND
[0002] In the recent times, mobile network usage is growing at an exponential rate of 42% CAGR (Compound annual growth rate) worldwide and 73% CAGR in India. MNOs (Mobile network operators) and ISP's (Internet service provider) are looking for ways to increase network capacity and reduce network deployment complexity. There are several techniques that MNOs/ISP's use to add capacity to their wireless network. In one technique, MNOs/ISP's make their network dense by adding more cell sites while reusing available spectrum. In another technique, MNOs/ISP's increases their fibre reach. In yet another technique, MNOs/ISP's buy more spectrum. In yet another technique, MNOs/ISP's make spectrum utilization more efficient by optimizing spectral efficiency. Although, over the last two decades, there is much research and development work addressing the corresponding challenges from RAN (Radio Access Network) perspective (e.g., new spectrum exploration, carrier aggregation, massive multiple-input-multiple-output, and inter-cell interference mitigation techniques, Multi beam antenna) but still these techniques are proven to provide incremental benefits and not able to cater mammoth network usage requirement. Hence, Network densification has now become the preferred choice of MNOs as it relates to high user experience.
[0003] Most of the Tier 1 and Tier 2 cities of the world are experiencing very low throughput although they are residing within 400m of the macro site either because of high network congestion although served by good signal strength or having low signal strength because of physical blockage of signal due to buildings or complex residence structure. Realization of network densification in recent scenario is happening only by deploying low power 4G/5G-NR cells or Wi-Fi hotspots to the locations where user experience is very low. Hence, network

densification is not happening at true pace and network usage is growing tremendously. Currently, there are no significant technologies available which could provide a true user experience at a desired location. Some of the prior art references are given below:
[0004] US10397803B2 discloses a method which involves receiving, from a candidate node configured for millimetre wave communication, a request to join the mmWave mesh network. A mesh neighbour candidate list associated with the candidate node is transmitted to the candidate node. According to the mesh neighbour candidate list, the candidate node is tested for conformance with the mm Wave mesh network. If the testing indicates that the candidate node conforms with the mmWave mesh network, the candidate node is joined to the mmWave mesh network.
[0005] US20190261262A1 discloses a node which has free space optical (FSO) terminals for transmitting data to a remote node over a free space optical link. A radio frequency (RF) terminal transmits data to the remote node over a free space RF link, where the free space optical link and the free space RF link are connected together to form a hybrid wireless link between the local node and the remote node. Switches/controllers are coupled to the FSO terminal and the RF terminal. The switch/controller receives data to determine a data link layer to transmit data frames over the free space optical link and the free space RF link based on content of the data frames to steer to the FSO terminal and the RF terminal.
[0006] US10383136B2 discloses a method which involves determining first direction of backhaul link traffic's between two scheduling entities. Second direction of access link traffic's between a scheduling entity and a user equipment is determined based on the first direction of the backhaul link traffic. The access link traffic in the second direction is transmitted or received for utilizing transmission resource of the backhaul link traffic from the scheduling entity. The second direction to be uplink or downlink is determined to reduce interference to the backhaul link traffic.

[0007] WO2019192607A1 discloses a method which involves receiving a data packet by an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node (AA). The data packet is transmitted to an IAB donor (EE) by the IAB node. The first IAB node is utilized to obtain routing related information. The data packet is sent to the IAB node according to the route-related information. The data packet is received from a user equipment by the IAB node. The data packet is received from an application by the IAB node, where the data packet is user plane data or control plane signalling.
[0008] While the prior arts cover various approaches, which covers mesh-based network with joint access and backhaul link design using millimetre wave and optical wireless communication. However, there are no significant considerations to optimize mesh-based network/links of single box device, having integrated access backhaul capability in real-time for traffic management in 4G/5G-NR/Wi-Fi/IOT. In light of the above-stated discussion, there is a need to overcome the above stated disadvantages.
OBJECT OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0009] A principal object of the present disclosure is to provide an integrated wireless access backhaul device for network densification using a mesh network.
[0010] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide the integrated wireless access backhaul device to effectively attain high throughput in a backhaul.
[0011] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide the integrated wireless access backhaul device to allow optimal performance using artificial intelligence enabled predictive adaptation.
SUMMARY
[0012] In an aspect, the present disclosure provides an integrated wireless access backhaul device for network densification using a mesh network. The integrated wireless access backhaul device includes at least one integrated access

and backhaul module. The at least one integrated access and backhaul module includes a first backhaul interface, a second backhaul interface using at least one V-band link, an access interface and a switch fabric. The first backhaul interface uses at least one optical wireless communication link. The at least one optical wireless communication link includes one or more of a free space communication, wireless point to point communication and satellite communication. The access interface provides at least one radio link to a plurality of user equipment. The switch fabric transfers data between the first backhaul interface, the second backhaul interface and the access interface in real-time. Additionally, the integrated wireless access backhaul device includes a power control unit. The power control unit is configured to control transmission power of the first backhaul interface and the second backhaul interface based on traffic load at the first backhaul interface and the second backhaul interface. The integrated wireless access backhaul device provides high bandwidth intelligent backhaul transportation by combining the at least one optical wireless communication link and the at least one V-band link of the integrated wireless access backhaul device with another integrated wireless access backhaul device. The combining the at least one optical wireless communication link and the at least one V-band link creates the mesh network of multiple communication links. The mesh network provides high bandwidth using the multiple communication links for intelligent backhaul transportation. The integrated wireless access backhaul device enables an intelligent load balancing over the first backhaul interface and the second backhaul interface. The intelligent load balancing facilitates switching of the traffic load over the first backhaul interface and the second backhaul interface based on bandwidth availability. Furthermore, the integrated wireless access backhaul device performs one or more operations. The one or more operations include selecting an optimized interface, combining the first backhaul interface, the second backhaul interface and the access interface and sending a prioritized traffic on the optimized interface. Moreover, the one or more operations include real-time traffic management through switching the traffic load and duplicating

the prioritized traffic over the first backhaul interface and the second backhaul interface.
[0013] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a controlling device for providing the real-time traffic management in the mesh network of a plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. Each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices includes at least one backhaul interface, the access network and the switch fabric to transfer the data between the at least one backhaul interface and the access interface. Each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices is connected with each other through the mesh network. The controlling device includes a plurality of aggregation links, a receiving module and a controlling module. Each of the plurality of aggregation links connects the controlling device with each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. The receiving module is configured to receive information associated with traffic from each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. The controlling module is configured to monitor an incoming traffic and mapping the incoming traffic to the at least one backhaul interface based on received information associated with the traffic. Additionally, the controlling device includes a connection module configured for automatically connecting the controlling device with a network management system. Further, the controlling device includes two backhaul interfaces and a load balancing module configured for balancing the traffic load between the two backhaul interfaces.
[0014] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a mesh network to connect the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. Each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices provides the first backhaul interface, the second backhaul interface, an access network and a switch fabric to transfer the data between the first backhaul interface, the second backhaul interface and the access interface. The first backhaul interface uses at least one optical wireless communication link and the second backhaul interface uses at least one V-band link. The mesh network includes a first plurality of links, a second plurality of links and a third plurality of links. The first plurality of links

connects the first backhaul interface of each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with each other. The second plurality of links connects the second backhaul interface of each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with each other. The third plurality of links connects each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with the controlling device. The mesh network creates a plurality of integrated access and backhaul nodes enabling one or more radio access technologies. Additionally, the mesh network includes a link bonding module configured to combine at least two links from the first plurality of links, the second plurality of links and the third plurality of links for efficient traffic handling.
[0015] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method to provide the real-time traffic management in the mesh network of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. The method includes a first step to bond the at least two links of the first plurality of links, the second plurality of links and the third plurality of links. The method includes a second step to adaptively selecting either of the first backhaul interface or the second backhaul interface based on priority intelligence and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the receiving module, where SINR is a quantity used to give theoretical upper bounds on channel capacity (or the rate of information transfer) in wireless communication systems such as networks. The method includes a third step to assign the incoming traffic in one or more quality of service enabled queues. The method includes a fourth step to perform the one or more operations associated with a plurality of parameters while satisfying quality of service constraints.
[0016] These and other aspects herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the invention herein without departing from the spirit thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

[0017] The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, throughout which like reference letters indicate corresponding parts in the drawings. The invention herein will be better understood from the following description with reference to the drawings, in which:
[0018] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an integrated wireless access backhaul device.
[0019] FIG. 2 illustrates a layered architecture of the integrated wireless access backhaul device.
[0020] FIG. 3 illustrates a first exemplary mesh network to connect a plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices.
[0021] FIG. 4 illustrates a second exemplary mesh network to connect the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices.
[0022] FIG. 5 is a flow-chart illustrating a method for providing real-time traffic management in a mesh network of a plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In the following detailed description of the invention, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced with or without these specific details. In other instances, well known methods, procedures and components have not been described in details so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the invention.
[0024] Furthermore, it will be clear that the invention is not limited to these alternatives only. Numerous modifications, changes, variations, substitutions and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without parting from the scope of the invention.
[0025] The accompanying drawings are used to help easily understand various technical features and it should be understood that the alternatives presented herein are not limited by the accompanying drawings. As such, the present disclosure should be construed to extend to any alterations, equivalents

and substitutes in addition to those which are particularly set out in the accompanying drawings. Although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are generally only used to distinguish one element from another.
[0026] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an integrated wireless access backhaul device 100. The integrated wireless access backhaul device 100 includes at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102. The at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 includes a first backhaul interface 104, a second backhaul interface 106, an access interface 108 and a switch fabric 110. The above stated elements of the integrated wireless access backhaul device 100 operate coherently and synchronously for network densification using a mesh network. In general, integrated access and backhaul device includes mobile termination function communicating as access user equipment with parent node device, and distributed unit component communicating as backhaul device with slave node device.
[0027] In an implementation, number of backhaul interfaces used for the at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 is two. Alternatively, number of the backhaul interfaces may vary. Additionally, the at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 has an intelligent hybrid combination of optical wireless communication (OWC) technology and V-band technology, where OWC is a form of optical communication in which unguided visible, infrared (TR), or ultraviolet (UV) light is used to carry a signal. It is generally used in short-range communication and the V-band is a standard designation by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for a band of frequencies in the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging from 40 to 75 gigahertz (GHz).
[0028] The at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 includes the first backhaul interface 104 using at least one optical wireless communication link. Further, the first backhaul interface 104 is based on the optical wireless communication (OWC) technology. Alternatively, the first backhaul interface 104 is based on any of wireless communication technique of

the like. The at least one optical wireless communication link include one or more of a free space communication, wireless point to point communication, satellite communication and the like. The optical wireless communication (OWC) technology may attain data rate of about 2Gbps for a distance limit of up to 1 kilometre. The distance limit is primarily due to divergent nature of light emitting diodes. Additionally, the divergent nature is significant from an aspect of multi-point connectivity.
[0029] In general, optical wireless communications is an optical communication that uses unguided visible infrared or ultraviolet light to carry a signal. In addition, the optical wireless communications operate in a visible band. Further, the visible band is in a range of about 390 nanometres to 750 nanometres. Furthermore, the optical wireless communications are referred as visible light communication (VLC). Moreover, the optical wireless communications operate in unlicensed band.
[0030] The at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 includes the second backhaul interface 106 using at least one V-band link. The second backhaul interface 106 is based on the V-band technology. Alternatively, the second backhaul interface 106 is based on any of the wireless communication technique of the like. The at least one V-band link operates in a frequency band range of about 57 Gigahertz to 64 Gigahertz. In general, V-band corresponds to designated range of frequencies of electromagnetic spectrum. In addition, the V-band is actively used in millimetre wave communication systems. Further, the V-band operates in unlicensed band. Furthermore, the V-band operates within distance range of about 400 meters to 500 meters. Moreover, the V-band is actively used in wireless broadband.
[0031] The at least one V-band link, which operates in the frequency band range of about 57 Gigahertz to 64 Gigahertz may attain capacity of 2Gbps for a distance limit of about 1 Kilometre. Additionally, the distance limit is due to absorption of signal by oxygen in atmosphere. Further, the V-band technology may connect up to 8 terminal units in Point-to-Multipoint setup, which may be useful for short links of about 200 metres. Furthermore, the V-band technology

has a specific propagation characteristic known as oxygen resonance peak, that provides an excellent mechanism to combat interference using pencil beams.
[0032] The at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 includes the access interface 108. The access interface 108 provides a plurality of methods to a plurality of users for a network connectivity. The plurality of methods used to provide the network connectivity to the plurality of users includes 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G-NR, Wifi, IoT and the like. Generally, access network is a communication network which connects users to network service provider directly. In addition, the access network is opposite to core network. Further, the access network allows the users to interact with communications system to initiate user data transfer. Furthermore, the access network operates within distance range of up to 100 meters.
[0033] The at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 includes the switch fabric 110. The switch fabric 110 transfers data between the first backhaul interface 104, the second backhaul interface 106, and the access interface 108 in real-time. In general, switched fabric is a network topology where network nodes interconnect through crossbar switches. The switch fabric 110 is used to form efficient mesh topology. Additionally, the switch fabric 110 manages the data within the first backhaul interface 104, the second backhaul interface 106, and the access interface 108 in real-time.
[0034] The integrated wireless access backhaul device 100 includes a power control unit. The power control unit is configured to control transmission power of the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106 based on traffic load at the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106. Additionally, the integrated wireless access backhaul device 100 provides high bandwidth intelligent backhaul transportation by combining the at least one optical wireless communication link and the at least one V-band link of the integrated wireless access backhaul device 100 with another integrated wireless access backhaul device. Further, the combination of the at least one optical wireless communication link and the at least one V-band link enables creation of the mesh network of multiple communication links. The mesh network

provides high bandwidth using the multiple communication links for intelligent backhaul transportation.
[0035] The integrated wireless access backhaul device 100 enables an intelligent load balancing over the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106. The intelligent load balancing facilitates switching of the traffic load over the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106 based on bandwidth availability. Additionally, the integrated wireless access backhaul device 100 performs one or more operations.
[0036] The one or more operations include selecting an optimized interface. The optimized interface has high bandwidth availability and low interference link for traffic transmission. Further, the one or more operations include combining the first backhaul interface 104, the second backhaul interface 106 and the access interface 108 for high throughput. Furthermore, the one or more operations include sending a prioritized traffic on the optimized interface. Moreover, the one or more operations include real-time traffic management through switching the traffic load over the first backhaul interface 104, the second backhaul interface 106 and the access interface 108. Also, the one or more operations include duplicating the prioritized traffic over the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106 by transmitting the prioritized traffic on both the interfaces simultaneously.
[0037] The integrated wireless access backhaul device 100 may sense a receiving module in a field of view of the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106 using directional beam steering, where beam steering is about changing the direction of the main lobe of a radiation pattern. Additionally, a controlling device 302 (As illustrated in FIG. 3) provides the real-time traffic management in the mesh network of a plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. The plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices corresponds to multiple integrated wireless access backhaul devices of FIG. 1. Each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices includes at least one backhaul interface, the access network 108 and a switch fabric 110 to transfer the data between the at least one backhauls interface and the

access interface 108. Each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices is connected with each other through the mesh network. The controlling device 302 corresponds to an intelligent cloud controller.
[0038] The controlling device 302 includes a plurality of aggregation links, the receiving module, and a controlling module. Each of the plurality of aggregation links connects the controlling device 302 with each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. The receiving module configured to receive information associated with traffic from each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. The controlling module configured to monitor an incoming traffic and mapping the incoming traffic to the at least one backhaul interface based on received information associated with the traffic.
[0039] Additionally, the controlling device 302 includes a connection module configured for automatically connecting the controlling device 302 with a network management system. Further, the controlling device 302 includes two backhaul interfaces and a load balancing module configured for balancing the traffic load between the two backhaul interfaces.
[0040] In an implementation, the mesh network connects the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. Each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices provides the first backhaul interface 104, the second backhaul interface 106, the access network 108 and the switch fabric 110 to transfer the data between the first backhaul interface 104, the second backhaul interface 106 and the access interface 108. The first backhaul interface 104 uses the at least one optical wireless communication link and the second backhaul interface 106 uses the at least one V-band link.
[0041] Additionally, the mesh network includes a first plurality of links, a second plurality of links and a third plurality of links. The first plurality of links connects the first backhaul interface 104 of each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with each other. The second plurality of links connects the second backhaul interface 106 of each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with each other. The third plurality of links connects each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with

the controlling device 302. The mesh network creates a plurality of integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes enabling one or more radio access technologies. The mesh network may include a link bonding module (not shown) configured to combine at least two links from the first plurality of links, the second plurality of links and the third plurality of links for efficient traffic handling.
[0042] The present disclosure utilizes a combination of the mesh network and the link bonding module to create a cluster of multi-Radio Access Technology (RAT) node elements which may be auto provisioned, self-configured with intelligent traffic steering and using load balancing.
[0043] Each of the plurality of IAB nodes has to determine the field of view within transmission coverage prior to establish the mesh network. For the first backhaul interface 104, each of the plurality of IAB nodes may transmit beacons at pre-designated intervals. Additionally, based on responses from other IAB nodes within the field of view corresponding IAB node may ascertain neighbours and rank the neighbours based on quality of a plurality of signals received.
[0044] For the second backhaul interface 106, multiple reference signals may be transmitted with a certain interval. Each of the reference signals may be identified by a unique index; are indexes that help maintain data integrity by ensuring that no two rows of data in a table have identical key values and may be transmitted through a specific beam radiated in a specific direction. Subsequently various neighbouring IAB nodes may be located at various places around the integrated wireless access backhaul device 100 of interest, each of the neighbouring IAB nodes within the field of view may receive a specific reference signal with the unique index.
[0045] FIG. 2 illustrates a layered architecture 200 of the integrated wireless access backhaul device 100. The layered architecture 200 includes a media access control (MAC) layer, a network layer (herein after referred to as "Layer-3") and an application layer. Additionally, the layered architecture 200 includes a first physical layer (herein after referred to as "PHY-l") of the at least

one optical wireless communication link and a second physical layer (herein after referred to as "PHY-2") of the at least one V-band link.
[0046] The application layer is responsible for performing a first set of operations. The first set of operations includes traffic steering management, power management, link bonding, auto provisioning, network discover, self-organising networks (herein after referred to as "SON") and the like.
[0047] The at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 implies the traffic steering management at the application layer to meet carrier grade reliability requirement. The traffic steering management enables standardization of process of classifying an incoming traffic generated from a core network to multiple classes in a range of about 0 to 7. Additionally, the at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 may leverage the traffic steering management to prioritize the incoming traffic based on at least one external metric. The at least one external metric includes available bandwidth, latency, packet loss, environment conditions, and the like. The traffic steering management enables assignment of the incoming traffic in one or more quality of service enabled queues and mapping the one or more quality of service enabled queues to either the PHY-1 or the PHY-2. The performance of the one or more operations is associated with a plurality of parameters while satisfying quality of service constraints. The plurality of parameters includes transmission power, bandwidth, sub-channel assignment, bit-loading and type of one or more radio access technologies.
[0048] The at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 may initiate the power management at the application layer using the power control unit. The power control unit is configured to control the transmission power of the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106 based on the traffic load at the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106.
[0049] The at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 may trigger the link bonding at the application layer using the link bonding module. The link bonding module is configured to combine the at least two links from the

first plurality of links, the second plurality of links and the third plurality of links for efficient traffic handling. If there may be high possibility to have availability of the plurality of aggregation links to connect a slave to the core network through multiple layers and through multiple masters, the at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 triggers the link bonding at gateway prior to the core network connectivity. Additionally, identification of the slave in the field of view of the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106 may provide available links details which then may be used by various algorithms. In an example, the various algorithms include algorithms for the load balancing, the traffic steering management, mode of operation and Quality of Service (QoS) to decide the traffic distribution among multiple available backhaul layer which again would be controlled centrally through the controlled device 302. Alternatively, if the traffic load of an IAB node cannot be handled by one point-to-point link between two nodes, bonding the at least two links of the first plurality of links and the second plurality of links originating from the plurality of integrated access and backhaul nodes for balancing the traffic load over a plurality of paths terminating at the core network.
[0050] The at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 may trigger the auto provisioning at the application layer. The auto provisioning enables the at least one integrated access and backhaul module 102 to automatically connect with the network management system without manual intervention. The auto provisioning includes identifying the plurality of integrated access and backhaul devices that lie under the field of view through scanning mechanism. The identification of the plurality of integrated access and backhaul devices lying under the field of view enables to lock backhaul layer with a directional beam.
[0051] The auto provisioning enables few MAC layer features such as power control and automatic modulation and coding to control RF power variation at an initial stage. The auto provisioning configures the plurality of aggregation links at an optimal working performance. Additionally, once available links from the plurality of aggregation links are registered on master node, the slave sends a

predefined standard message to the network management system. The network management system contains at least one of location, media access control (MAC) address, supported access technology and the like that enables acquaintance between the slave and the network management system. The network management system pushes device configuration parameters consisting at least one of power, band, channel, technology and the like to operate the access layer in the location.
[0052] The auto provisioning enables classification of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with master and slave configuration. Additionally, the auto provisioning lists and sorts the plurality of paths using a pre-configured tunnel destination internet protocol (IP) to terminate to the core network. The auto provisioning enables selective registration of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices based on priority and route decision.
[0053] The SON implies multiple functionalities in a heterogeneous network environment, such as self-optimization, self-healing, self-configuration, dynamic mesh functionality and cluster optimization techniques. Since the access interface 108 may be 4G/5G/Wi-Fi and the at least one backhaul interface may be OWC and V-Band layer. Therefore, the SON enables the access interface 108 to support any backhaul layer on real time basis.
[0054] The MAC layer is responsible for performing a second set of operations. The second set of operations includes scheduling, mode of operation, the load balancing, power management and the like.
[0055] The both backhaul interfaces operate at different bands, namely OWC and V Band, there will be no interference among either of backhaul interfaces. Therefore, the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106 may be utilized simultaneously and provide higher throughput than that provided by either of backhaul interfaces in standalone mode. In an implementation, the load balancing corresponds to a cross-layer load balancing method that considers physical layer attributes such as signal-to-interference-noise ratio (SINR) to calculate throughput, use of one or more predictive artificial intelligence based algorithms utilizes the link availability and payload traffic.

Additionally, the load balancing operates on the mode of operation. Further, the integrated wireless access backhaul device 100 runs the one or more predictive artificial intelligence based algorithms on the controlling device 300 based on a historical trend data and a historical environment data. Number of the mode of operation is four. Alternatively, the number of the mode of operation may vary. The mode of operation includes at least one of an optimised speed fusion mode, an adaptive mode, a redundant mode and a single technology mode.
[0056] The optimised speed fusion mode enables the first plurality of links and the second plurality of links to operate independently with maximum capacity using priority intelligence. Additionally, the MAC layer calculates air interface speed of each of the first plurality of links and the second plurality of links and adaptively selecting either of the first backhaul interface 104 or the second backhaul interface 106 based on priority intelligence and the SINR of the receiving module. In an example, if OWC link has more capacity as V-band is affected by rain, the MAC layer sends more traffic towards the OWC link.
[0057] The adaptive mode facilitates classification of the incoming traffic and prioritization of the incoming traffic across the plurality of aggregation links. Additionally, the adaptive mode enables duplication of the prioritized traffic over the first backhaul interface 104 and the second backhaul interface 106 by transmitting the prioritized traffic on both the interfaces simultaneously.
[0058] The redundant mode enables the plurality of IAB nodes to increase reliability of backhaul communication by maintaining at least one of the plurality of aggregation links as a backup for ingoing transmission. The at least one of the plurality of aggregation links having an optimal SINR and/or least traffic load for the ongoing transmission is selected for a primary backup link. Otherwise, if permitted within allowable capacity other interface will be assigned as a redundant link to be activated if the primary link breakdowns. The single technology mode is used when IAB node contains an OWC backhaul interface only. Additionally, the single technology mode allows the IAB node having the OWC backhaul interface only to connect to other IAB nodes and form the mesh network.

[0059] Advantageously, the proposed solution provides high throughput and helps attaining up to 2Gbps of link capacity in the backhaul for distances up to 1km. The presence of RF and OWC links provides the flexibility to use either one or both based on the traffic and channel conditions, thereby providing higher overall throughput and reliability. In other words, a link can be always kept active despite unfavourable weather conditions. Further, reactive adaptation of parameters based on prevailing conditions, and AI enabled predictive adaptation based on historic data allows optimal performance under all conditions. The mesh connectivity (multi-point) feature of the IAB solution allows a slave device to reach the core over multiple paths. In other words, if a primary link fails, the device can switch to the secondary link. The overall network traffic can be balanced by bonding multiple OWC/V-band links to multiple IAB nodes and later aggregating at the core. Being a Plug and Play device, it has auto provision, self-configuration, self-healing functionalities.
[0060] FIG. 3 illustrates a first exemplary mesh network 300 to connect the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with the controlling device 302. The first exemplary mesh network 300 includes the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices and the controlling device 302. Additionally, each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices has the first backhaul interface 104, the second backhaul interface 106 and the access interface 108. In the first exemplary mesh network 300, number of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices is 4. Alternatively, the number of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices may vary. The controlling device 302 includes the plurality of aggregation links, the receiving module, and the controlling module. Each of the plurality of aggregation links connects the controlling device 302 with each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices.
[0061] In the first exemplary mesh network 300, each of the plurality of IAB nodes illustrates 6 possible connections to other IAB nodes consisting of OWC and OWC interfaces forming two mesh networks of OWC and OWC links. The load traffic of the integrated wireless access backhaul device may be

distributed/combined among these possible different links. The link establishment is orchestrated by the controlling device 302.
[0062] FIG. 4 illustrates a second exemplary mesh network to connect the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with the controlling device with the controlling device 302. The second exemplary mesh network 400 includes the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices and the controlling device 302. Additionally, one of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices has the first backhaul interface 104 and the access interface 108. Other integrated wireless access backhaul devices have the first backhaul interface 104, the second backhaul interface 106 and the access interface 108. In the second exemplary mesh network 400, number of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices is 4. Alternatively, the number of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices may vary. The controlling device 302 includes the plurality of aggregation links, the receiving module, and the controlling module. Each of the plurality of aggregation links connects the controlling device 302 with each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. In the first exemplary mesh network 300, the one of the plurality of IAB nodes having the first backhaul interface 104 only may form up to 3 possible connections to other IAB nodes.
[0063] FIG. 5 is a flow-chart 500 illustrating a method for providing real-time traffic management in the mesh network of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices. The method has been explained in conjunction with FIGS. 1-4.
[0064] At step 502, the method includes bonding the at least two links of the first plurality of links, the second plurality of links and the third plurality of links originating from each of the plurality of integrated access and backhaul nodes for balancing traffic load over the plurality of paths terminating at the core network.
[0065] At step 504, the method includes adaptively selecting either of the first backhaul interface 104 or the second backhaul interface 106 based on priority

intelligence and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the receiving module.
[0066] At step 506, the method includes assigning the incoming traffic in the one or more quality of service enabled queues.
[0067] At step 508, the method includes performing the one or more operations associated with the plurality of parameters while satisfying quality of service constraints. The plurality of parameters includes transmission power, bandwidth, sub-channel assignment, bit-loading and type of one or more radio access technologies.
[0068] The various actions, acts, blocks, steps, or the like in the flow chart 500 may be performed in the order presented, in a different order or simultaneously. Further, in some implementations, some of the actions, acts, blocks, steps, or the like may be omitted, added, modified, skipped, or the like without departing from the scope of the invention.
[0069] Conditional language used herein, such as, among others, "can," "may," "might," "may," "e.g.," and the like, unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain alternatives include, while other alternatives do not include, certain features, elements and/or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements and/or steps are in any way required for one or more alternatives or that one or more alternatives necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without other input or prompting, whether these features, elements and/or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular alternative. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and the like are synonymous and are used inclusively, in an open-ended fashion, and do not exclude additional elements, features, acts, operations, and so forth. Also, the term "or" is used in its inclusive sense (and not in its exclusive sense) so that when used, for example, to connect a list of elements, the term "or" means one, some, or all of the elements in the list.
[0070] Disjunctive language such as the phrase "at least one of X, Y, Z," unless specifically stated otherwise, is otherwise understood with the context as

used in general to present that an item, term, etc., may be either X, Y, or Z, or any combination thereof (e.g., X, Y, and/or Z). Thus, such disjunctive language is not generally intended to, and should not, imply that certain alternatives require at least one of X, at least one of Y, or at least one of Z to each be present.
[0071] While the detailed description has shown, described, and pointed out novel features as applied to various alternatives, it can be understood that various omissions, substitutions, and changes in the form and details of the devices or algorithms illustrated can be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure. As can be recognized, certain alternatives described herein can be embodied within a form that does not provide all of the features and benefits set forth herein, as some features can be used or practiced separately from others.
[0072] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other implementations of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention. While the foregoing written description of the invention enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific implementation, method, and examples herein. The invention should therefore not be limited by the above-described implementation, method, and examples, but by all implementations and methods within the scope of the invention. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary, with the true scope of the invention being indicated by the claims.

CLAIMS

We Claim:

1. An integrated wireless access backhaul device (100) for network
densification using a mesh network, the integrated wireless access backhaul
device (100) comprising:
at least one integrated access and backhaul module (102), wherein the at least one integrated access and backhaul module (102) comprising:
a first backhaul interface (104) using at least one optical wireless communication link, wherein the at least one optical wireless communication link comprising one or more of a free space communication, wireless point to point communication and satellite communication;
a second backhaul interface (106) using at least one V-band link;
an access interface (108), wherein the access interface (108) provides at least one radio link to a plurality of user equipment; and
a switch fabric (110), wherein the switch fabric (110) transfers data between the first backhaul interface (104), the second backhaul interface (106) and the access interface (108).
2. The integrated wireless access backhaul device (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the switch fabric (110) transfers data between the first backhaul interface (104), the second backhaul interface (106) and the access interface (108) in real-time.
3. The integrated wireless access backhaul device (100) as recited in claim 1, further comprising a power control unit, wherein the power control unit is configured to control transmission power of the first backhaul interface (104) and the second backhaul interface (106) based on traffic load at the first backhaul interface (104) and the second backhaul interface (106).

4. The integrated wireless access backhaul device (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the integrated wireless access backhaul device (100) provides high bandwidth intelligent backhaul transportation by combining the at least one optical wireless communication link and the at least one V-band link of the integrated wireless access backhaul device (100) with another integrated wireless access backhaul device for creating the mesh network of multiple communication links, wherein the mesh network provides high bandwidth using the multiple communication links for intelligent backhaul transportation.
5. The integrated wireless access backhaul device (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the integrated wireless access backhaul device (100) enables an intelligent load balancing over the first backhaul interface (104) and the second backhaul interface (106), wherein the intelligent load balancing facilitates switching of traffic load over the first backhaul interface (104) and the second backhaul interface (106) based on bandwidth availability.
6. The integrated wireless access backhaul device (100) as recited in claim 1, the integrated wireless access backhaul device (100) performs one or more operations, wherein the one or more operations comprising:
selecting an optimized interface, wherein the optimized interface has high bandwidth availability and low interference link for traffic transmission;
combining the first backhaul interface (104), the second backhaul interface (106) and the access interface (108) for high throughput;
sending a prioritized traffic on the optimized interface;
real-time traffic management through switching traffic load over the first backhaul interface (104), the second backhaul interface (106) and the access interface (108); and

duplicating the prioritized traffic over the first backhaul interface (104) and the second backhaul interface (106) by transmitting the prioritized traffic on both the interfaces simultaneously.
7. A controlling device (302) for providing real-time traffic management in a
mesh network of a plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices,
wherein each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices
comprising at least one backhaul interface, an access network (108) and a switch
fabric (110) for transferring data between the at least one backhaul interface and
the access interface (108), wherein each of the plurality of integrated wireless
access backhaul devices is connected with each other through the mesh network,
the controlling device (302) comprising:
a plurality of aggregation links, wherein each of the plurality of aggregation links connects the controlling device (302) with each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices;
a receiving module configured for receiving information associated with traffic from each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices; and
a controlling module configured for monitoring an incoming traffic and mapping the incoming traffic to the at least one backhaul interface based on received information associated with the traffic.
8. The controlling device (302) as recited in claim 7, further comprising a connection module configured for automatically connecting the controlling device (302) with a network management system.
9. The controlling device (302) as recited in claim 7, further comprising:
two backhaul interfaces; and
a load balancing module configured for balancing traffic load between the two backhaul interfaces.

10. A mesh network for connecting a plurality of integrated wireless access
backhaul devices, wherein each of the plurality of integrated wireless access
backhaul devices provides a first backhaul interface (104), a second backhaul
interface (106), an access network (108) and a switch fabric (110) for transferring
data between the first backhaul interface (104), the second backhaul interface
(106) and the access interface (108), wherein the first backhaul interface (104)
uses at least one optical wireless communication link and the second backhaul
interface (106) uses at least one V-band link, the mesh network comprising:
a first plurality of links for connecting the first backhaul interface (104) of each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with each other;
a second plurality of links for connecting the second backhaul interface (106) of each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with each other; and
a third plurality of links for connecting each of the plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices with a controlling device
(302),
wherein the mesh network creates a plurality of integrated access and backhaul nodes enabling one or more radio access technologies.
11. The mesh network as recited in claim 10 further comprising a link bonding module configured for combining at least two links from the first plurality of links, the second plurality of links and the third plurality of links for efficient traffic handling.
12. A method for providing real-time traffic management in a mesh network of a plurality of integrated wireless access backhaul devices, the method comprising:
bonding at least two links of a first plurality of links, a second plurality of links and a third plurality of links originating from each of a

plurality of integrated access and backhaul nodes for balancing traffic load over a plurality of paths terminating at a core network;
adaptively selecting either of a first backhaul interface (104) or the second backhaul interface (106) based on priority intelligence and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of a receiving module;
assigning an incoming traffic in one or more quality of service enabled queues; and
performing one or more operations associated with a plurality of parameters while satisfying quality of service constraints.
13. The method as recited in claim 12, further comprising controlling transmission power of the first backhaul interface (104) and the second backhaul interface (106) based on the traffic load at the first backhaul interface (104) and the second backhaul interface (106) for controlling excess radiation and thereby reducing interference.
14. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the plurality of parameters comprising transmission power, bandwidth, sub-channel assignment, bit-loading and type of one or more radio access technologies.
15. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the one or more operations comprising:
selecting an optimized interface, wherein the optimized interface has high bandwidth availability and low interference link for traffic transmission;
combining the first backhaul interface (104), the second backhaul interface (106) and an access interface (108) for high throughput;
sending a prioritized traffic on the optimized interface;
the real-time traffic management through switching the traffic load over the first backhaul interface (104), the second backhaul interface (106), and the access interface (108); and
duplicating the prioritized traffic over the first backhaul interface (104) and the second backhaul interface (106) by transmitting the prioritized traffic on both the interfaces simultaneously.