Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to advanced healthcare systems, particularly an intensive healthcare unit that uses modern microcontroller technology, various sensors, and IoT integration to provide comprehensive patient monitoring and automated assistance. Traditional healthcare systems often rely on manual monitoring and interventions, leading to inefficiencies and potential oversights. This invention leverages the ESP32 microcontroller, various health sensors, an AMBU bag with a motor and gear system, and IoT capabilities to create a robust and automated healthcare unit.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Existing healthcare systems typically depend on manual monitoring and intervention, which can be prone to errors and inefficiencies. Several patents have explored innovations in healthcare monitoring and automation:
• US Patent No. US20090131703A1 describes a remote health monitoring system using sensors and data transmission.
• US Patent No. US20110004212A1 details an automated respiratory assistance device.
• Indian Patent No. 201811032583 discusses a smart healthcare system integrating IoT for patient monitoring.
Despite these advancements, there remains a need for a comprehensive, automated healthcare unit that integrates real-time monitoring, automated respiratory assistance, and IoT for data logging and remote access. This invention addresses this need by providing a system that automates patient monitoring and assistance with high accuracy and ease of use.
OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION
The primary objective of this invention is to develop an intensive healthcare unit with automated patient monitoring and assistance. The specific aims are:
1) To ensure precise and reliable patient monitoring.
2) To provide real-time feedback to healthcare providers.
3) To automate respiratory assistance using an AMBU bag.
4) To integrate a user-friendly interface with voice command capabilities.
5) To display current health data on an OLED screen.
6) To log health data to Google Sheets for cloud-based storage and analysis.
7) To enable remote access and control via IoT and a dedicated Android application.
8) To provide auditory feedback and alerts through a buzzer.

EXPERIMENTAL HARDWARE/MAIN COMPONENT DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED DEVICE
The proposed invention features an intensive healthcare unit, controlled by an ESP32 microcontroller. The essential components of the system are described below:
1) ESP32 Microcontroller
o Purpose: Acts as the central control unit.The ESP32 is a versatile microcontroller with built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, ideal for IoT projects. It connects to the internet for remote monitoring and control, and its dual-core processor handles complex tasks efficiently.
o Functionality: Processes data from all sensors, controls other components, and handles data transmission to Google Sheets and the IoT server.
o Importance: Provides a powerful, cost-effective solution for healthcare automation with built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.
2) ECG Sensor
o Purpose: Monitors the patient's electrocardiogram (ECG).It measures the electrical activity of the heart to monitor heart health and detect any irregularities or abnormalities in heart rhythms.
o Functionality: Measures the electrical activity of the heart and sends data to the ESP32.
o Importance: Provides critical information about the patient's heart health.
3) BPM and Pulse Sensor
o Purpose: Monitors the patient's heart rate and pulse.
o Functionality: Measures beats per minute (BPM) and pulse rate, sending data to the ESP32.
o Importance: Ensures continuous monitoring of the patient's cardiovascular status.
4) AMBU Bag
o Purpose: Provides automated respiratory assistance.
o Functionality: Operates the AMBU bag at high and low speeds using a DC motor and gear system controlled by the ESP32.
o Importance: Ensures consistent and adjustable respiratory support.
5) Temperature and Humidity Sensor
o Purpose: Monitors the patient's environment.
o Functionality: Measures temperature and humidity levels, sending data to the ESP32.
o Importance: Maintains a comfortable and safe environment for the patient.
6) Voice Module
o Purpose: Enables voice commands.
o Functionality: Recognizes voice commands for controlling the bed position and AMBU bag speed.
o Importance: Provides a hands-free interface for caregivers and patients.
7) Bluetooth Module
o Purpose: Facilitates wireless communication with a dedicated Android application.
o Functionality: Enables data transmission and control commands via Bluetooth.
o Importance: Allows remote monitoring and control of the healthcare unit.
8) Buzzer
o Purpose: Provides auditory feedback and alerts.
o Functionality: Signals successful operations, errors, and alerts for empty glucose bottles.
o Importance: Enhances user interaction and ensures timely alerts.
9) Real-Time Clock (RTC) Module
o Purpose: Keeps accurate time.
o Functionality: Provides the current time to the ESP32 for timestamping data.
o Importance: Ensures accurate logging of health data.
10) OLED Display
o Purpose: Displays real-time health data and system status.
o Functionality: Shows information such as ECG readings, heart rate, temperature, humidity, and system alerts.
o Importance: Provides a clear and interactive interface for healthcare providers.
11) Automatic Bed
o Purpose: Allows automatic adjustment of the head position.
o Functionality: Rotates the head position using voice commands ("up," "down," "stop") processed by the ESP32.
o Importance: Enhances patient comfort and care.
WORKING METHODOLOGY
The proposed intensive healthcare unit operates as follows:
1) Data Collection:
o The ECG sensor, BPM sensor, pulse sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and glucose bottle sensor continuously monitor the patient's health parameters and environment.
2) Data Processing and Display:
o The ESP32 processes the collected data and displays it on the OLED screen in real-time.
3) Automated Assistance:
o The AMBU bag provides respiratory support at adjustable speeds controlled by the ESP32.
o The automatic bed adjusts its head position based on voice commands.
4) Data Logging and Alerts:
o The ESP32 logs health data to Google Sheets and the IoT server for remote access and analysis.
o The buzzer provides auditory feedback and alerts for various conditions, including an empty glucose bottle.
5) Remote Access and Control:
o Healthcare providers can monitor and control the unit remotely via a dedicated Android application using Bluetooth and IoT integration.
, Claims:1) An intensive healthcare unit consisting of: a) an ESP32 microcontroller, b) an ECG sensor, c) a BPM sensor, d) a pulse sensor, e) an AMBU bag with DC motor and gear system, f) a temperature and humidity sensor, g) a voice module, h) a Bluetooth module, i) a buzzer, j) a real-time clock (RTC) module, k) an OLED display, and l) an automatic bed, which monitors patient health and provides automated assistance.
2) The system as claimed in 1, wherein the ESP32 microcontroller processes data from all sensors and controls the components.
3) The system as claimed in 1, wherein the ECG sensor, BPM sensor, and pulse sensor monitor the patient's electrocardiogram, heart rate, and pulse.
4) The system as claimed in 1, wherein the AMBU bag provides automated respiratory assistance controlled by the ESP32.
5) The system as claimed in 1, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor monitors the patient's environment.
6) The system as claimed in 1, wherein the voice module enables voice commands for controlling the bed and AMBU bag, and the Bluetooth module facilitates wireless communication with an Android application.
7) The system as claimed in 1, wherein the buzzer provides auditory feedback and alerts, the RTC module ensures accurate timekeeping, and the OLED display shows real-time health data and system status.
8) The system as claimed in 1, wherein the automatic bed adjusts its head position using voice commands, and health data is logged to Google Sheets and the IoT server for remote access and analysis.