Description:BACKGROUND
Field of Invention
[001] Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to a system and method to detect an analyte in a bio-sample and particularly to a jaundice using bilirubin present in a urine sample.
Description of Related Art
[002] Newborn jaundice is a common condition characterized by the yellowing of a baby's skin and eyes due to elevated bilirubin levels in the blood. While often benign, untreated or inadequately managed neonatal jaundice can lead to serious health issues, including brain damage and long-term developmental problems. Therefore, effective management and treatment are of utmost importance, making neonatal jaundice a critical concern in pediatric healthcare.
[003] In cases where jaundice is severe or does not respond adequately to phototherapy, clinicians can consider alternative treatments such as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). IVIg is a blood product known to help reduce bilirubin levels, particularly in instances of severe jaundice. For neonates with extremely severe jaundice or those who fail to respond to other treatments, exchange transfusion, a surgical procedure involving the replacement of the infant's blood with bilirubin-free blood, can be necessary. Phototherapy has long been established as the primary treatment for neonatal jaundice. This therapeutic approach involves exposing the infant's skin to specific wavelengths of light, primarily blue light, which stimulates the breakdown of bilirubin into a form that the baby's body can easily eliminate. Phototherapy equipment, such as overhead lamps, fiberoptic blankets, and phototherapy beds, are routinely employed to deliver this treatment.
[004] However, despite its widespread use and success in treating neonatal jaundice, phototherapy's effectiveness can vary significantly among individual neonates. Factors such as the neonate's specific health profile, age, weight, and the degree of jaundice all influence the outcomes of phototherapy. The variation in effectiveness underscores the need for personalized treatment plans tailored to each baby's unique characteristics and requirements.
[005] There is thus a need for a jaundice detection system and method for non-invasive detection of the bilirubin in the body.
SUMMARY
[006] Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide a jaundice detection system. The system comprising: an input device collecting real-time health data from neonates, wherein the health data is selected from vital signs, a skin condition, a temperature, or a combination thereof. A processing unit, connected to the input device, characterized in that the processing unit is configured to: receive the collected health data from the input device; analyze the received health data using an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm; and predicting health trends, changes in bilirubin levels, or the vital signs based on the analyzed health data.
[007] Embodiments in accordance with the present invention further provide a method for detecting jaundice by using a jaundice detection system, wherein the method comprising steps of: receiving collected health data from an input device; analyzing the received health data using an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm; predicting health trends, changes in bilirubin levels, the vital signs based on the analyzed health data; and customizing a phototherapy treatment plan in real-time based on the predicted changes in the health trends, changes in bilirubin levels, or the vital signs.
[008] Embodiments of the present invention may provide a number of advantages depending on its particular configuration. First, embodiments of the present application may provide a non-invasive method to detect jaundice in a user using a urine sample.
[009] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a low-cost and less time-consuming method to detect jaundice.
[0010] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a method to detect jaundice in early stages.
[0011] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a system to significantly reduce an unpredictability in an effectiveness of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice.
[0012] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide an innovative approach to tailor treatment plans for neonates, ensuring that each infant receives personalized care that considers their distinct health profiles, age, weight, and the degree of jaundice.
[0013] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a real-time feedback system that allows for the continuous monitoring and adjustment of phototherapy plans to optimize the rate at which bilirubin levels decrease in neonates.
[0014] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide techniques to mitigate potential adverse effects associated with phototherapy, such as skin irritability and dehydration, enhancing the overall comfort and well-being of newborns undergoing treatment.
[0015] Next, embodiments of the present application may aim to safeguard against the emergence of serious health issues resulting from untreated newborn jaundice by modifying treatment strategies to meet each patient's specific needs, ultimately reducing the risk of long-term developmental problems and other complications.
[0016] Next, embodiments of the present application may revolutionize the management of neonatal jaundice by introducing a more personalized and effective treatment approach, thereby advancing the field of pediatric healthcare.
[0017] These and other advantages will be apparent from the present application of the embodiments described herein.
[0018] The preceding is a simplified summary to provide an understanding of some embodiments of the present invention. This summary is neither an extensive nor exhaustive overview of the present invention and its various embodiments. The summary presents selected concepts of the embodiments of the present invention in a simplified form as an introduction to the more detailed description presented below. As will be appreciated, other embodiments of the present invention are possible utilizing, alone or in combination, one or more of the features set forth above or described in detail below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The above and still further features and advantages of embodiments of the present invention will become apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description of embodiments thereof, especially when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and wherein:
[0020] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram depicting a jaundice detection system, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] FIG. 2 illustrates components of a processing unit of the jaundice detection system, according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
[0022] FIG. 3 depicts a flowchart of a method for detecting jaundice using the jaundice detection system, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0023] The headings used herein are for organizational purposes only and are not meant to be used to limit the scope of the description or the claims. As used throughout this application, the word "may" is used in a permissive sense (i.e., meaning having the potential to), rather than the mandatory sense (i.e., meaning must). Similarly, the words “include”, “including”, and “includes” mean including but not limited to. To facilitate understanding, like reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate like elements common to the figures. Optional portions of the figures may be illustrated using dashed or dotted lines, unless the context of usage indicates otherwise.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The following description includes the preferred best mode of one embodiment of the present invention. It will be clear from this description of the invention that the invention is not limited to these illustrated embodiments but that the invention also includes a variety of modifications and embodiments thereto. Therefore, the present description should be seen as illustrative and not limiting. While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative constructions, it should be understood, that there is no intention to limit the invention to the specific form disclosed, but, on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
[0025] In any embodiment described herein, the open-ended terms "comprising", "comprises”, and the like (which are synonymous with "including", "having” and "characterized by") may be replaced by the respective partially closed phrases "consisting essentially of", “consists essentially of" and the like or the respective closed phrases "consisting of", "consists of”, the like.
[0026] As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” designate both the singular and the plural, unless expressly stated to designate the singular only.
[0027] FIG. 1 illustrates a jaundice detection system 100, according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the jaundice detection system 100 may comprise components such as, but not limited to, an input device 102, a database 104, a processing unit 106, a display unit 108, and a power supply 110. Embodiments of the present invention are intended to include or otherwise cover any type of the components of the jaundice detection system 100, including known, related art, and/or later developed technologies.
[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, the input device 102 may be adapted to collect real-time health data from neonates. The health data may be, but not limited to, vital signs, a skin condition, a temperature, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment of the present invention, the input device 102 may be configured to be held by a user to feed the health data of a neonate. In an embodiment of the present invention, the input device 102 may be installed at a fixed location for collecting or capturing the health data of the neonate. The input device 102 may be, but not limited to a camera, a mobile phone, a computer, and so forth. Embodiments of the present invention are intended to include or otherwise cover any type of the input device 102, including known, related art, and/or later developed technologies.
[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, the camera may be adapted to capture images of the neonate. The captured images may be employed to assess a skin condition of the neonate. The captured images may aid in monitoring signs of skin irritability or other adverse effects caused by phototherapy. The captured images may further be analyzed to gauge the progression or regression of jaundice, offering a complementary assessment alongside other data.
[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, the database 104 may be adapted to log treatment data and predictions for analysis and historical records. The database 104 plays a crucial role in maintaining a record of patient data, treatment history, and predictive models for improved patient care and analysis.
[0031] In an embodiment of the present invention, the processing unit 106 may be configured to receive and process the health data from the input device 102. The processing unit 106 may be configured to utilize advanced artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to analyze the received health data, encompassing vital signs, skin condition, temperature, or their combinations. Furthermore, the processing unit 106 may be configured to predict vital health trends, changes in bilirubin levels, or fluctuations in vital signs based on the analyzed health data. the processing unit 106 may be configured to customize phototherapy treatment plans in real-time based on the predicted changes in bilirubin levels, vital signs, and health trends, ensuring personalized care for each neonate.
[0032] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the processing unit 106 may be configured to display the predicting health trends, the changes in bilirubin levels, and the vital signs on the display unit 108. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the processing unit 106 may be configured to generate interventions to prevent potential health risks by leveraging the predictive capabilities of the AI algorithm. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the processing unit 106 may be configured to establish a feedback loop for continuous learning and improvement in treatment protocols, enhancing the overall quality of care. In other embodiments of the present invention, the processing unit 106 may be configured to transmit the predicted health trends to remote healthcare providers, facilitating collaboration and consultation to ensure optimal care for neonates.
[0033] The processing unit 106 may take the form of various processing technologies, such as a microprocessor, a microcontroller, an embedded processor, a digital signal processor, and so forth. Embodiments of the present invention are intended to include or otherwise cover any type of the processing unit 106, including known, related art, and/or later developed technologies. Furthermore, the processing unit 106 may also be configured to process the received data to generate an output, which will be explained in conjunction with FIG. 2.
[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 108 may be configured to display the output indicating the presence of jaundice. The display unit 108 can take various forms, including but not limited to a cathode ray tube (CRT) display, a liquid emitting diode (LED) display, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), and so forth. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 108 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The display unit 108 serves as a visual interface for conveying the diagnostic results and related information to healthcare providers and patients.
[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, the power supply 110 may be configured to supply power to the processing unit 106. The power supply 110 may be implemented in various ways, such as a switched mode power supply, an uninterruptible power supply, a regulated power supply, and so forth. The reliability of the power supply ensures continuous operation of the jaundice detection system.
[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, a change in bilirubin levels may induce a series of physiological changes, that may be monitored and analyzed by the system 100 to provide timely alerts and interventions to healthcare providers. This dynamic aspect of bilirubin level monitoring may be crucial in identifying and addressing jaundice at its early stages, thus improving patient care and outcomes.
[0037] FIG. 2 illustrates components of the processing unit 106 of the jaundice detection system 100, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The components of the processing unit 106 may be, but not limited to, a data receiving module 200, an analyzing module 202, a prediction module 204, and a recommendation module 206.
[0038] In an embodiment of the present invention, the data receiving module 200 may be configured to receive the collected health data from the input device 102. Further, the data receiving module 200 may be configured to process and store the received health data for analysis.
[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, the analyzing module 202 may be configured to analyze the received health data using an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm. This AI algorithm employs machine learning techniques to refine predictions and treatment recommendations over time, continuously learning and improving treatment protocols. The analysis involves examining various parameters, such as vital signs, blood test results, and patient history, to identify patterns, anomalies, and deviations from the baseline health data. By processing this data, the AI algorithm can discern subtle indicators of health conditions, such as jaundice, and assess the severity of these conditions. This analysis is performed in real-time, allowing for rapid responses to changes in the patient's health status. The AI algorithm leverages a vast dataset of medical knowledge and previous patient cases to make informed assessments, ensuring accurate and timely diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
[0040] The analyzing module 202 may be configured to generate a first signal comprising "jaundice detected" when the AI algorithm identifies patterns or indicators in the health data that suggest the presence of jaundice. The analyzing module 202 may be configured to transmit the generated first signal to the prediction module 204. In another embodiment of the present invention, the analyzing module 202 may be configured to generate a second signal comprising "no jaundice detected" when the AI algorithm determines that there are no indications of jaundice in the health data. The analyzing module 202 may then transmit the generated second signal to the prediction module 204.
[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the prediction module 204 may be configured to display an output indicating the presence of jaundice on the display unit 108, based on the received first signal. In another embodiment of the present invention, the prediction module 204 may be configured to display an output indicating the absence of jaundice on the display unit 108, based on the received second signal. Additionally, the prediction module 204 may be configured to predict health trends, changes in bilirubin levels, or vital signs based on the analyzed health data and generate interventions to prevent potential health risks.
[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, the recommendation module 206 may be configured to customize a phototherapy treatment plan in real-time based on the predicted changes in the health trends, the bilirubin levels, or the vital signs. the recommendation module 206 may be configured to also transmit the predicted health trends to remote healthcare providers for further consultation and collaboration in patient care. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the recommendation module 206 may be configured to dynamically adjust a light intensity, a duration, or a color to align with specific needs of the neonate. For instance, when the predicted health trends indicate a need for faster bilirubin level reduction, the recommendation module 206 may be configured to intensify the phototherapy treatment. Conversely, if vital signs or skin condition suggest potential adverse effects, the recommendation module 206 may be configured to adapt the treatment to ensure the infant's well-being. Thereby, the system 100 may predict outcomes of the customized phototherapy treatment plan. The system 100 may also enhance a patient care by offering personalized and adaptable treatment strategies that prioritize the well-being and long-term health of the neonates, according to the embodiments of the present invention.
[0043] FIG. 3 illustrates a flowchart of a method 300 for detecting the jaundice by using the jaundice detection system 100, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0044] At step 302, the system 100 may receive the collected health data from the input device (102).
[0045] At step 304, the system 100 may analyze the received health data using the artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm.
[0046] At step 306, the system 100 may predict the health trends, the changes in bilirubin levels, the vital signs based on the analyzed health data.
[0047] At step 308, the system 100 may customize the phototherapy treatment plan in real-time based on the predicted changes in the health trends, changes in bilirubin levels, or the vital signs.
[0048] Embodiments of the invention are described above with reference to block diagrams and schematic illustrations of methods and systems according to embodiments of the invention. While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and various embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
[0049] This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope the invention is defined in the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements within substantial differences from the literal languages of the claims. , Claims:CLAIMS:
I/We Claim:
1. A jaundice detection system (100), wherein the system (100) comprising:
an input device (102) adapted to collect real-time health data from neonates, wherein the health data is selected from vital signs, a skin condition, a temperature, or a combination thereof;
a processing unit (106), connected to the input device (102), characterized in that the processing unit (106) is configured to:
receive the collected health data from the input device (102);
analyze the received health data using an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm; and
predicting health trends, changes in bilirubin levels, or the vital signs based on the analyzed health data.
2. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing unit (106) is configured to customize a phototherapy treatment plan in real-time based on the predicted changes in the bilirubin levels, the vital signs, or the health trends.
3. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing unit (106) is configured to display the predicting health trends, the changes in bilirubin levels, the vital signs on a display unit (108).
4. The system (100) as claimed in claim 3, wherein the display unit (108) is a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD).
5. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing unit (106) is configured to generate interventions to prevent potential health risks.
6. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm employs machine learning techniques to refine predictions and treatment recommendations over time.
7. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing unit (106) is configured to transmit the predicted health trends to remote healthcare providers.
8. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, comprising a feedback loop for continuous learning and improvement in treatment protocols.
9. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, comprising a database (104) for logging a treatment data and predictions for analysis and historical records.
10. A method (300) for detecting jaundice by using a jaundice detection system (100), wherein the method (300) comprising steps of:
receiving collected health data from an input device (102);
analyzing the received health data using an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm;
predicting health trends, changes in bilirubin levels, the vital signs based on the analyzed health data; and
customizing a phototherapy treatment plan in real-time based on the predicted changes in the health trends, changes in bilirubin levels, or the vital signs.
Date: November 16, 2023
Place: Noida

Dr. Keerti Gupta
Agent for the Applicant
(IN/PA-1529)