FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT 1970 (39 OF 1970)
&
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (See SECTION 10, RULE 13)
1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION:
"KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR"
2. APPLICANTS
NAME: KRISHNA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
NATIONALITY: DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY DECLARED U/s 3
OF UGC ACT, 1956 VIDE NOTOFICATION NO. F.9-15/2001-U-3 OF THE MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, GOVT. OF INDIA
ADDRESS: KRISHNA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES,
NEAR DHEBEWADI ROAD, MALKAPUR, KARAD MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION
PROVISIONAL COMPLETE
The following Specification
N/A particularly describes the nature of
this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed:

4. TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to medical science and more particularly to the field of dental science. Dental Articulator designed to mount dental casts without using dental plaster or any other adhesive medium. It also allows the user to use one dental articulator for multiple complete denture cases. The possibility of expansion of dental plaster resulting in distortion of the jaw relations is completely eliminated.
5. BACKGROUND
Conventional Mean value articulator is currently used in routine dental practice.
The mean value articulator:
• It is a non-adjustable dental articulator meaning that; the various values of the articulator like the condylar angle or the incisal angle are fixed based upon the average values observed in the population.
• The condylar guidance (equivalent of the glenoid fossa) is attached to the lower member while the condylar element (equivalent of the mandibular condyle) is attached to the upper member.
The various components of the conventional mean value articulator are:
i. Upper Member having the condylar elements and the incisal rod attached to it. It helps to mark the midline. The maxillary cast is attached to the upper member during mounting procedure.
ii. Lower Member has a horizontal arm and a vertical arm. The vertical arm provides space for the articulation of the condylar elements of the upper member. Also the lower member has two important entities namely the Incisal Guidance table and the Condylar Guidance. Both entities are important in the proper fabrication of the denture, thus establishing complete harmony between the denture and the temporomandibular joint.

iii. But, the mounting procedure in the Conventional Mean
Value Dental Articulator uses dental plaster to fix the casts to the articulator.
Drawbacks in Existing state of the art and how the drawbacks are overcome by our invention:
1) Mean value dental articulators use dental plaster for fixing the casts to the articulator. The use of plaster is cumbersome. This step is time consuming.
2) Mean value dental can be used for only one complete denture case at a time. This leads to utilization of more lab space.
3) Also the plaster expands during its setting reaction, thus distortion of the jaw relations can occur.
6. SUMMARY
The KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL
ARTICULATOR overcomes these drawbacks in the following way:
A dental articulator is used for mounting dental models to make it possible to reproduce the movement and relative position of the jaws of a patient on whose jaws dentures or crowns are to be fitted.
In order to construct an acceptable denture or crown the dentist makes a negative impression of the affected tooth or teeth.
The negative impression of the patient's arches is then processed normally in a dental laboratory to become a mold into which a material for forming positive dental casts is poured.
These positive casts are duplicates of the patient's arches with or without teeth and will then become the primary model to which the denture or crown is to be constructed.
The dental casts are then mounted in an articulator to permit arrangement of the dentures or crowns in their proper position for occlusion.
Currently available mean value dental articulators rely on plaster or some other adhesive medium for fixing the casts.

Basically, the process of denture fabrication consists of the following steps:
1) Making impressions of the edentulus jaws of the patients. Impressions are the negative replicas of the edentulus mouths.
2) Positive replicas of the edentulous jaws are prepared by pouring dental plaster or dental stone in the impressions.
3) Further the relationship of the maxilla to the mandible is recorded. Maxillary and mandibular wax blocks are used for recording the relationship. This relationship is very crucial for preparing a functioning denture as it determines the future vertical dimension of the denture as also the occlusion of the maxillary and mandibular teeth in the future denture.
4) The succeeding steps of teeth arrangement cannot be carried in the patient's mouth, so we need a device which can hold the dental casts of the patient in the proper anatomic relation, thus permitting us to do the teeth arrangement. This device is called a dental articulator.
Definition of Dental Articulator:
"A mechanical device which represents the temporomandibular joint the jaw members to which maxillary and mandibular casts may be attached to simulate jaw movements."
So until now in most routinely used dental articulators dental plaster is used to fix the dental casts to the articulator.
Briefly stating, our invention relates to a dental articulator designed to mount dental casts without using dental plaster or any other adhesive medium. It also allows the user to use one dental articulator for multiple complete denture cases. The possibility of expansion of dental plaster resulting in distortion of the jaw relations is completely eliminated.
Working of the KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR:
The following steps show how the said invention is used:
a) Jaw relations are made using wax rims. These wax rims rest upon
acrylic or shellac base plates.
b) Once the jaw relations are recorded, the wax rims are fused with the
help of a hot instrument or using other methods like staples or zinc

oxide eugenol paste.
c) Both the fused wax rims are removed from the patient's mouth.
d) These fused wax rims, are then placed on the secondary casts. These secondary casts were previously made by pouring dental stone in the impressions of the edentulous jaws.
e) Now we have with us the fused wax rims placed on the secondary casts.
f) This assembly can now be placed on the lower plate of the said invention, with the maxillary and mandibular casts facing the upper and lower members respectively.
g) Here the mandibular cast can rest stably on the lower holding plate. The holding screws of the lower holding plate can be tightened to fix the mandibular cast tightly in position. As there are four holding screws; complete stability can be achieved.
h) By shifting the lower holding plate the wax rims can be elevated till the occlusal plane of the wax rims coincides with the occlusal plane of the invention. The occlusal plane of the said invention is determined by running a thread across the two ends of the posterior horizontal bar and the incisal guidance pin.Once we are certain about the height of the occlusal plane; the Lower Adjusting Screw can be fixed in place with a side screw used to lock the adjusting screw in place.
i) When the desired height of the occlusal plane of the wax rims is achieved; the Upper holding plate can be now adjusted to reach the maxillary cast. The adjustment in the X and Y axis can be accomplished with the help of the other two screws of the shift and lock mechanism. This position is then fixed with the two screws in the shift and lock mechanism. Then the maxillary cast is fixed to the Upper holding plate with the help of the four holding screws.
j) Following this the Upper Adjusting mechanism too can be locked in position; in accordance to the shift and lock mechanism.
k) Thus the said invention succeeds in mounting the exact jaw relation between the dental casts without the use of plaster.
1) The distance of the upper holding plate from the upper member is

recorded at three sites. Namely at the two ends of the horizontal bar and the incisal guidance pin.
m) The distance of the lower holding plate from the upper member is recorded at three sites. Namely at the two ends of the horizontal bar and the incisal guidance pin.
n) The measurements are noted down. Since we get three readings for each cast, these readings can be used for accurate remounting of the casts whenever needed.
Novel features of the KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR:
1) Upper and lower holding plates.
2) Holding screws to hold the casts firmly onto the upper holding plates.
3) Adjusting mechanism to move the upper plate in infero-superior direction.
4) Holding screws to hold the casts firmly onto the lower holding plates.
5) Adjusting mechanism to move the lower plate in superior-inferior direction. Three dimensional positioning is possible with the shift and lock mechanism.
Utility of the KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR:
1) The said invention will come in handy for routine lab work as well as for undergraduate students. It will decrease the time consumed for mounting as well as eliminate the messiness of plaster use.
2) The said invention will make remounting easy.
3) The said invention will eliminate need for multiple dental articulators for multiple complete denture cases.
4) It will also remove all errors associated with the use of dental plaster and its properties.
Advantages of the KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR over other known alternatives:
1) Time saving device.

2) Cheaper; since it eliminates the need for multiple dental articulators.
3) Since it eliminates the messiness associated with the plaster work, it helps in increasing student enthusiasm about the mounting procedures.
7. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWIMGS:
Fig. No. 1 is the Isometric View of KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR.
8. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The invention consists of Holding Plates (1, 18), Shift and Lock Mechanism (21, 8), The Upper Member (25) and The Lower Member (26).
1) Holding Plates (1,18):
• The upper holding plate has two surfaces namely the cast holding surface and the attached surface.
• The cast holding surface has four clamps (4, 5, 6, and 7) which help in attaching the dental casts to the plate.
• The attached surface gives attachment to the shift and lock mechanism, thus allowing it to be maneuvered in the X and
Y axis as per the requirements of the individual
maxillomandibular relationship.
• The same mechanism is applied for the lower holding plate (18).
• The lower holding plate has two surfaces namely the cast holding surface and the attached surface.
• The cast holding surface has four clamps (14, 15, 16, and 17) which help in attaching the dental casts to the plate.
• The inferior surface gives attachment to the shift and lock mechanism, thus allowing it to be maneuvered in the X and
Y axis as per the requirements of the individual
maxillomandibular relationship.

2) Shift and Lock Mechanism(21,8):
• Each shift and lock mechanism consists of three thumbscrews and a sliding rod having slots present in it.
• The first thumbscrew [(24) for upper member and (22) for lower member] helps in the infero-superior positioning of the holding plate.
• The other two thumbscrews [(2, 3) for upper member and (19, 20) for lower member] present just superior to the holding plate, facilitate in positioning the holding plates in X and Y axis.
• Once the thumbscrews are tightened, the mechanism gets fixed in its position and stability is achieved.
• Thus this device can help in mounting the casts according to all the possible anatomic variations in relationships of the maxilla and the mandible.
3) The Upper Member(25):
• It is triangular in shape. It has two condylar elements (13, 27) at the base of the triangle. These condylar elements fit into the condylar guidance (28, 29) of the lower member.
• At the apex it holds the incisal rod (30) which rests on an incisal table (11) which also holds a central pin (10) to locate the midline.
• At the centre of the triangle, the Upper member (25) has an opening to allow the sliding of the shift and lock mechanism (8). This allows the operator to shift the upper plate as per needed. Once the required position is achieved, the apparatus is locked with the help of thumbscrew (24).
4) The Lower Member (26):
The Lower member (26) has two vertical arms (23, 31) and a horizontal arm (26). The vertical arms bear the condylar guidance (28, 29) in which the condylar elements (13, 27) fit into. The condylar

guidance is 33 degrees.
• The Horizontal arm (26) is triangular; bearing an incisal guidance table (11) at its apex. The incisal guidance table has a slope of 10 degrees. This is helpful in harmonious sliding of the incisors over one another.
• At the center of the triangular horizontal arm, there is an opening to allow the sliding of the shift and lock mechanism (21). This allows the operator to shift the upper plate as per the needed. Once the required position is achieved, the apparatus is locked with the help of thumbscrew (22).

9.1 claim:
1. The said invention KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR allows the three dimensional positioning of the casts with the help of the Shift and Lock Mechanism (21, 8), Holding Plates (1,18), The Upper (25) and The Lower member (26).
2. This invention KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE
DENTAL ARTICULATOR helps in the mounting of dental casts on the articulator without using plaster or any other adhesive medium.
3. The said invention KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR uses mechanical plates and screws to mount the dental casts on the articulator.
4. The said invention KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR eliminates the cumbersome use of dental plaster in mounting the casts.
5. The said invention KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR helps in using the same articulator for multiple patients.
6. The said invention KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR avoids expansion of the plaster which causes distortion of the jaw relation.
7. The said invention KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL ARTICULATOR saves lab space, as one articulator can be used for multiple cases.
8. A KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL
ARTICULATOR is used for mounting dental models to make it possible to reproduce the movement and relative position of the jaws of a patient on whose jaws dentures or crowns are to be fitted. In order to construct an acceptable denture or crown the dentist makes a negative impression of the affected tooth or teeth. The negative impression of the patient's arches is then processed normally in a dental laboratory to become a mold into which a material for forming positive dental casts is poured. These positive casts are duplicates of

the patient's arches with or without teeth and will then become the primary model to which the denture or crown is to be constructed. The dental casts are then mounted in an articulator to permit arrangement of the dentures or crowns in their proper position for occlusion
9. The KRISHNA PLASTER-FREE MEAN VALUE DENTAL
ARTICULATOR, as herein described and with reference to accompanying drawing.