DESC:4. DESCRIPTION
Technical Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to laundry, home care and personal care compositions. More specifically relates to unit-dose water-soluble films which include detergent film, fabric softener film, floor cleaner film, Shampoo film, Handwash film and the method producing the same.

Background of the Invention

Conventional soaps, powder, and liquid solutions have been used for many years for laundry, home and personal cleaning applications. While they are effective in cleaning, they also have some disadvantages that users should be aware of and have been disclosed below:
Packaging Waste: Liquid and powder products (laundry, homecare and personal care) often come in plastic containers or boxes, generating significant packaging waste.
Bulkiness and Storage: Conventional laundry powders and liquid solutions, homecare and personal care products can be bulky and take up more storage space compared to detergent films or compact alternatives. This can be an issue, especially for people with limited storage space.
Spills and Mess: Liquids and powders can be prone to spills and messes, leading to wastage and inconvenience during handling. Spills may also pose slipping hazards on floors.
Measuring Challenges: Liquid and powder detergents require accurate measurement for each load of laundry, which can be cumbersome and lead to overdosing or underdosing, affecting cleaning efficiency.
Skin Sensitivity: Conventional detergents may contain harsh chemicals that can cause skin irritation, particularly for people with sensitive skin or allergies. Fragrances and dyes used in these products can also trigger allergic reactions.
Impact on Machine Life: Detergent residues can build up inside washing machines over time, affecting their performance, and potentially shortening their lifespan.
Temperature Dependency: Some detergents, particularly powders, may not dissolve properly in cold water, necessitating the use of warm or hot water for effective cleaning. This can increase energy consumption during the washing process.
Environmental Factors: Conventional powders and liquid products contribute to carbon emissions during their production, transportation, and disposal, adding to the overall environmental impact.
Detergent films, also known as detergent films or detergent strips, have emerged as an innovative and convenient alternative to traditional laundry detergents. These thin, pre-measured films offer various advantages, such as portability, reduced packaging waste, and rapid dissolvability. Detergent films are a revolutionary form of laundry detergent designed to simplify the washing process while reducing environmental impact. These thin, dry films are typically pre-measured for single-use, making them an attractive option for on-the-go users, travellers, and eco-conscious consumers.
Detergent films are composed of water-soluble polymers, surfactants, and cleaning agents. The water-soluble polymers act as the base material, providing the film's structure and aiding in its rapid dissolution. Surfactants and cleaning agents play a vital role in the cleaning process by breaking down stains, soil, and grease.
Fabric softener films are a new and convenient alternative to traditional liquid fabric softeners. They are dissolvable films containing concentrated fabric softening agents designed for use in washing machines during the laundry cycle. Fabric softeners function by creating a thin layer of chemicals that coat the surface of cloth fibers. Firstly, they make the fibers feel smoother and softer, enhancing the overall comfort and texture of the fabrics. Secondly, fabric softeners help prevent the buildup of static electricity, reducing the annoying and clingy effects of static on clothing. Fabric softener films consist of a thin, water-soluble substrate that serves as the carrier for the softening agents.
Floor cleaner films represent a new approach to floor maintenance, offering a convenient and efficient cleaning solution. These films are designed as thin, dissolvable films infused with cleaning agents to be used on various floor surfaces.
The Shampoo film presents an innovative and sustainable solution to traditional liquid shampoos. Its unique formulation and manufacturing process provide users with a convenient, water-saving, and eco-friendly alternative for their hair care routines.
Handwash films are a convenient and eco-friendly alternative to traditional liquid handwash, addressing concerns of water usage, packaging waste, and hygiene. The water-soluble film technology offers a novel solution that combines ease of use with reduced environmental impact.
A few patent and scientific literature related o detergent thin films have been discussed below:
The patent “Washing sheet containing functional particles” (CN108368462B) relates to a washing sheet, in a washing film prepared by using a washing detergent component and a water-soluble polymer forming a film, more than one component selected from the group consisting of a builder (builder), an enzyme, a bleaching agent and a bleaching activator is contained in the form of particles.
The patent “Self-assembled nanostructures and separators containing aquaporin moisture channels and methods of manufacturing and using them” (KR102672633B1) relates to self-assembled nanostructures containing detergent-solubilized transmembrane proteins such as polyalkyleneimine (PAI) and aquaporin proteins.
The patent “Film compositions for delivery of actives” (US8663687B2) relates to the film products and methods of their preparation that demonstrate a non-self-aggregating uniform heterogeneity. A self-supporting film composition comprising:(i) a watersoluble polymer composition comprising polyethylene oxide and a saccharide-based polymer; and (ii) a topical agent; Desirably, the films disintegrate in water and may be formed by a controlled drying process, or other process that maintains the required uniformity of the film, usable for human consumption.
The present invention implements a unit-dose film of surface-active agents, including water-soluble detergent film, fabric softener film, floor cleaner film, Shampoo film, Handwash film and a method producing the same.

Brief Summary of the Invention

The following presents a simplified summary of the disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding to the reader. This summary is not an extensive overview of the disclosure and it does not identify key/critical elements of the invention or delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts disclosed herein in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

The main objective of the present invention is to provide a unit-dose film of surface-active agents, including water-soluble detergent film, fabric softener film, floor cleaner film, Shampoo film, Handwash film and a method producing the same.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a unit dose detergent film which can be used as a washer for cleaning fabrics.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a unit dose fabric softener film which can be used as a softener for fabrics.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a unit dose floor cleaner film which can be used for cleaning floors.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a unit dose Shampoo film which can be used for hair care routines.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a unit dose Handwash film which can be used for personal hygiene.

The present invention relates to films of surface-active agents, wherein the surface agents can be detergents, soap, handwash and shampoo. The present invention discloses detergent films and fabric softener films represent a significant advancement in the field of laundry detergents while Floor cleaner films present a promising solution for efficient and eco-friendly floor cleaning. Also, the Shampoo films and Handwash films provide a unique and convenient approach to personal care routines. Their unique properties, portability, and eco-friendliness make them a compelling choice for modern consumers seeking convenience and sustainability in their daily lives.

The water-soluble polymers act as the base material, providing the film's structure and aiding in its rapid dissolution. The film comprises a cellulosic polymer and a copolymer, plasticizer, at least one surfactant, a fragrance, enzymes and optionally an optical brightener, wherein the unit dose film contains less than 15 wt. % of water. The present invention also relates to a unit dose shampoo film and handwash film for use in personal care applications, wherein the film comprises a polymer and a copolymer, plasticizer, at least one surfactant (both ionic and/or non-ionic), a foam boosting agent, a foam stabilizer, a humectant, a soothing agent, a buffering agent, antioxidant a fragrance, enzymes and optionally an opacifier, wherein the unit dose film contains less than 20 wt. % of water.

Further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, will be given by way of illustration along with complete specification.

Brief Summary of the Drawings

The invention will be further understood from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment taken in conjunction with an appended drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 (100) illustrates the diagram showing the manufacturing process for one embodiment of surface-active agents- the detergent film, in accordance with our present invention;

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present disclosure emphasises that its application is not restricted to specific details of construction and component arrangement, as illustrated in the drawings. It is adaptable to various embodiments and implementations. The phraseology and terminology used should be regarded for descriptive purposes, not as limitations.

The terms "including," "comprising," or "having" and variations thereof are meant to encompass listed items and their equivalents, as well as additional items. The terms "a" and "an" do not denote quantity limitations but signify the presence of at least one of the referenced items. Terms like "first," "second," and "third" are used to distinguish elements without implying order, quantity, or importance.

The present invention provides a unit-dose film of surface-active agents, including water-soluble detergent film, fabric softener film, floor cleaner film, Shampoo film, Handwash film and a method producing the same. In that, our present invention presents different embodiments of the surface-active agents as thin films including water-soluble detergent film, fabric softener film, floor cleaner film, Shampoo film, Handwash film and the methods of producing the same. The different embodiments of our present invention, the tests performed for corresponding embodiments have been explained in detail below:
DETERGENT FILM
This embodiment of the present invention relates to a unit dose detergent film for use in cleaning applications, wherein the film comprises a polymer and a copolymer, plasticizer, at least one surfactant (both ionic and/or non-ionic), a fragrance, enzymes and optionally an optical brightener, wherein the unit dose detergent film contains less than 15 wt. % of water.
The following examples illustrate this embodiment of our present invention
Example-1:
Sl. No. Name of the Material Concentration range (%w/w) Functional category
1 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 10-30 Base Polymer
2 Glycerin 2-12 Plasticizer
3 Alpha Olefin Sulphonate 6-21 Ionic Surfactant
4 Potassium Hydroxide 5-10 Saponifying agent
5 Sodium Chloride 0.05-2 Stabilizing agent
6 Citric acid 1-9 pH modifier
7 Sodium Butyl naphthalene sulfonate 0.01-1 Surfactants
8 Subtilisins 0.1-2.5 Dirt removing Enzymes
9 Eco enzyme 0.05-2 Dirt removing Enzymes
10 Suitable Fragrance 5-25 Fragrance
11 Optical Fabric Brightener 0.9 – 4.67 Fluorescent Whitening Agent
12 Water Quantity sufficient Vehicle

Manufacturing Process for Example-1:
The manufacturing process of detergent films involves several steps, as shown in fig 1:
Step no. Details of the Manufacturing procedure
Step 1 Weighed quantity of Water was taken in a container and kept under stirring at 350 RPM (101)
Step 2 Weighed quantity of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was added to above step-1 under stirring at 400 RPM for 20 min (102)
Step 3 Weighed quantity of Glycerin was added to above step-2 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (103)
Step 4 Weighed quantity of Alpha Olefin Sulphonate was added to above step-3 under stirring at 400 RPM for 10 min (104)
Step 5 Weighed quantity of Potassium hydroxide was added to above step-4 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (105)
Step 6 Weighed quantity of Sodium chloride was added to above step-5 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (106)
Step 7 Weighed quantity of Citric acid was added to above step-6 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (107)
Step 8 Weighed quantity of Sodium Butyl naphthalene sulfonate was added to above step-7 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5min (108)
Step 9 Weighed quantity of Subtilisins was added to above step-8 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (109)
Step 10 Weighed quantity of Eco enzyme was added to above step-9 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (110)
Step 11 Weighed quantity of Suitable Fragrance was added to above step-10 under stirring at 500 RPM for 5 min (111)
Step 12 Weighed quantity of Optical Fabric brightener was added to above step-11 under stirring at 500 RPM for 5 min (112)
Step 13 Finally, above step- 12 Wet slurry was stirred at 500 RPM for 20 min to get a uniform viscous solution (113)
Step 14 Above step wet slurry after completion of mixing subjected to vacuum degassing for 15 - 30 mins to obtain bubble-free slurry (114)
Step 15 The Wet slurry was casted at process parameters of Dr. Knife thickness of 1000 to 4000 microns; Temperature 105±5°C; and In-direct drying (115)
Step 16 The dried casted film was slitted into required dimensions for achieving the final required weight. (116)
Step 17 The pre-measured cut films were individually wrapped for convenient single-use packaging. (117)

Example-2:
Sl. No. Name of the Material Concentration range (%w/w) Functional category
1 Alpha Olein Sulphonate 11.81 - 23.88 Surfactant
2 Optical Fabric Brightener 1.10 - 1.64 Fluorescent Whitening Agent
3 Hexylene Glycol 4.68 - 9.70 Ionic Surfactants
4 Eco Enzyme 0.03 - 1.12 Dirt removing Enzymes
5 Subtilisin 0.13 - 2.16 Dirt removing Enzymes
6 Glycerin 2.62 - 10.85 Plasticizer
7 Polyvinyl alcohol 15.87 - 36.28 Base Polymer
8 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 1.2 - 4.4 Polymer
9 Soap nut Oil 0.46 - 1.25 Biodegradable foaming agent
10 Suitable Fragrance 11 - 25 Fragrance
11 Water Quantity sufficient Vehicle

Manufacturing Process for Example-2:
The manufacturing process of detergent films involves several steps:
Step no. Details of the Manufacturing procedure
Step 1 Weighed quantity of Water was taken in a container and kept under stirring at 350 RPM
Step 2 Weighed quantity of Alpha Olein Sulphonate was added to above step-1 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 3 Weighed quantity of Optical Fabric Brightener was added to above step-2 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 4 Weighed quantity of Hexylene Glycol was added to above step-3 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 5 Weighed quantity of Eco Enzyme was added to above step-4 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5min
Step 6 Weighed quantity of Subtilisin was added to above step-5 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 7 Weighed quantity of Glycerin was added to above step-6 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 8 Weighed quantity of Polyvinyl alcohol was added to above step-7 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 9 Weighed quantity of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was added to above step-8 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 10 Weighed quantity of Soap nut Oil was added to above step-9 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 11 Weighed quantity of Suitable Fragrance was added to above step-10 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 12 Finally, above step- 11 Wet slurry was stirred at 500 RPM for 20 min to get a uniform viscous solution
Step 13 Above step wet slurry after completion of mixing subjected to vacuum degassing for 15 - 30 mins to obtain bubble-free slurry
Step 14 The Wet slurry was casted at process parameters of Dr. Knife thickness of 1000 to 4000 microns; Temperature 105±5°C; and In-direct drying
Step 15 The dried casted film was slitted into required dimensions for achieving the final required weight.
Step 16 The pre-measured cut films were individually wrapped for convenient single-use packaging.

Example-3:
Sl. No. Name of the Material Concentration range (%w/w) Functional category
1 Alpha Olein Sulphonate 1.18 – 6.54 Surfactant
2 Optical Fabric Brightener 1.10 - 1.64 Fluorescent Whitening Agent
3 Hexylene Glycol 4.68 - 9.70 Ionic Surfactants
4 Eco Enzyme 0.03 - 1.12 Dirt removing Enzymes
5 Subtilisin 0.13 - 2.16 Dirt removing Enzymes
6 Glycerin 2.62 - 10.85 Plasticizer
7 Polyvinyl alcohol 15.87 - 36.28 Base Polymer
8 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 1.2 - 4.4 Polymer
9 Coconut Fatty acid 4.65 - 33.89 Biodegradable Surfactant
10 Suitable Fragrance 11 - 25 Fragrance
11 Water Quantity sufficient Vehicle

Manufacturing Process for Example-3:
The manufacturing process of detergent films involves several steps:
Step no. Details of the Manufacturing procedure
Step 1 Weighed quantity of Water was taken in a container and kept under stirring at 350 RPM
Step 2 Weighed quantity of Alpha Olein Sulphonate was added to above step-1 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 3 Weighed quantity of Optical Fabric Brightener was added to above step-2 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 4 Weighed quantity of Hexylene Glycol was added to above step-3 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 5 Weighed quantity of Eco Enzyme was added to above step-4 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5min
Step 6 Weighed quantity of Subtilisin was added to above step-5 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 7 Weighed quantity of Glycerin was added to above step-6 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 8 Weighed quantity of Polyvinyl alcohol was added to above step-7 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 9 Weighed quantity of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was added to above step-8 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 10 Weighed quantity of Coconut fatty acid was added to above step-9 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 11 Weighed quantity of Suitable Fragrance was added to above step-10 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 12 Finally, above step- 11 Wet slurry was stirred at 500 RPM for 20 min to get a uniform viscous solution
Step 13 Above step wet slurry after completion of mixing subjected to vacuum degassing for 15 - 30 mins to obtain bubble-free slurry
Step 14 The Wet slurry was casted at process parameters of Dr. Knife thickness of 1000 to 4000 microns; Temperature 105±5°C; and In-direct drying
Step 15 The dried casted film was slitted into required dimensions for achieving the final required weight.
Step 16 The pre-measured cut films were individually wrapped for convenient single-use packaging.

Study Parameters Example - 1 Example - 2 Example - 3
Description Light greenish-yellow coloured rectangular shape film Light greenish-yellow coloured rectangular shape film Light greenish-yellow coloured rectangular shape film
Area range of the film 140 – 170 cm2 100 – 130 cm2 180 – 210 cm2
Disintegration time 30 sec 36 sec 27 sec
Water content 12.68% 10.13% 9.75%
Weight of the film 4.71 grams 3.0 grams 5.62 grams
Folding Endurance > 150 folds > 150 folds > 150 folds

Foaming Test Report for detergent products
Objective: To evaluate and compare the foaming properties (foam height and stability) of In-House detergent film, Marketed detergent solution and Marketed detergent powder using Shake Flask Method.
Rationale: To simulate manual agitation and assess foam generation and decay in a simple setup.
Apparatus: Stoppered flask (250 mL), stopwatch, graduated cylinder.
Procedure:
1. A 50 mL sample of the detergent solution was placed in a 250 mL stoppered flask.
2. The flask was shaken vigorously for 30 seconds.
3. The initial foam height was measured immediately after shaking.
4. The foam height was measured again after 5 minutes to assess stability.

Test Results:
Detergent Form Initial Foam Height (cm) Foam Height after 5 min (cm) Foam Stability Observation
In-House Film 11.8 9.0 Very Good Consistent foam with slight decay
Marketed Solution 9.3 6.2 Good Moderate foam production, gradually decays
Marketed Powder 7.5 4.6 Moderate Foam dissipates more quickly than solution

Detergent Films showed superior foaming capability and foam stability. Solutions were next, with good stability followed by Powders that had the least stable foam, with significant reduction in foam height after 5 minutes.

Advantages of detergent films over detergent powders and detergent solutions
Detergent films offer several advantages over traditional detergent powders and detergent solutions, especially in terms of their working efficiency and activity. Here are some of the key benefits:
1. Convenience and Portability: Pre-measured Doses, Easy to Carry
2. Dissolution and No Residue: Quick Dissolution, No Residue
3. Environmental Impact: Less Packaging Waste, Lower Water Content
4. Effective in Low Temperatures: Cold Water Efficiency
5. Space-Saving: Compact Storage
6. Reduced Chemical Exposure: Lower Risk of Spills and Contact
7. Efficiency in Dosage: Consistent Performance
8. Versatility: All Water Types

FABRIC SOFTENER FILM
This embodiment of our present invention relates to a unit dose fabric softener film for use in cleaning applications, wherein the film comprises a quaternary ammonium compound for fabric softening, a cellulosic polymer and/or a copolymer, a solvent and fragrance, wherein the unit dose fabric softener film contains less than 15 wt. % of water.
Example-4:
Sl. No. Name of the Material Concentration range (%w/w) Functional category
1 Dihydrogenated Tallowoylethyl Hydroxyethylmonium Methosulfate / Dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride (DHTDMAC) 2.2 - 10.1 Fabric softener and anti-static agent
2 Hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose 11.36 – 30.65 Base polymer
3 Polyvinyl alcohol 4.68 – 12.74 Co-polymer
4 Isopropanol 3.65-15.6 Cosolvent
5 Ethanol 0.1 – 2.9 Cosolvent
6 Sodium benzoate 0.05-1.03 Preservative
7 Suitable Fragrance 6.79 – 24.60 Fragrance
8 Water Quantity sufficient Vehicle

Manufacturing Process for Example-4:
The manufacturing process of fabric softener films involves several steps:
Step no. Details of the Manufacturing procedure
Step 1 Weighed quantity of Water was taken in a container and kept under stirring at 350 RPM
Step 2 Weighed quantity of Isopropanol was added to above step-1 under stirring at 350 RPM for 5 min
Step 3 Weighed quantity of Ethanol was added to above step-2 under stirring at 350 RPM for 5 min
Step 4 Weighed quantity of Dihydrogenated Tallowoylethyl Hydroxyethylmonium Methosulfate / Dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride (DHTDMAC) was added to above step-3 under stirring at 350 RPM for 10 min
Step 5 Weighed quantity of Hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose was added to above step-4 under stirring at 500 RPM for 20 min
Step 6 Weighed quantity of Polyvinyl alcohol was added to above step-5 under stirring at 500 RPM for 20 min
Step 7 Weighed quantity of Sodium benzoate was added to above step-6 under stirring at 500 RPM for 20 min
Step 8 Weighed quantity of Suitable Fragrance was added to above step-7 under stirring at 500 RPM for 5 min
Step 9 Finally, above step- 8 Wet slurry was stirred at 500 RPM for 20 min to get a uniform viscous solution
Step 10 Above step wet slurry after completion of mixing subjected to vacuum degassing for 15 - 30 mins to obtain bubble-free slurry
Step 11 The Wet slurry was casted at process parameters of Dr. Knife thickness of 1000 to 3500 microns; Temperature 105±5°C; and In-direct drying
Step 12 The dried casted film was slitted into required dimensions for achieving the final required weight.
Step 13 The pre-measured cut films were individually wrapped for convenient single-use packaging.

Study Parameters Example - 4
Description Translucent rectangular shape films
Area range of the film 100 – 140 cm2
Disintegration time 28 sec
Water content 10.19%
Weight of the film 3.8 grams
Folding Endurance > 150 folds

Advantages of fabric softener films over fabric softener
Fabric softener films offer several advantages over traditional fabric softener solutions, and are detailed as below
1. Ease of Use and Convenience: Simple Application, No Spills or Mess
2. Portability and Storage: Compact Size, No Heavy Containers
3. Cost-Effectiveness: Long-Lasting, No Overuse
4. No Machine Build-Up: No Residue in Washers, No Clogged Dispensers
5. Versatility: Multi-Purpose Use, Suitable for All Fabrics
6. Environmental Considerations: Reduced Water Use, Minimal Packaging Waste

FLOOR CLEANER FILM
This embodiment of our present invention relates to a unit dose floor cleaner film for use in cleaning applications, wherein the film comprises a polymer and a copolymer, at least one surfactant (both ionic and/or non-ionic), a disinfectant, a thickening agent, and a fragrance, wherein the unit dose floor cleaner film contains less than 15 wt. % of water.
Example-5:
Sl. No. Name of the Material Concentration range (%w/w) Functional category
1 Polyvinyl Alcohol 5.47 – 45.78 Base Polymer
2 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 0.1 – 4.87 Polymer
3 Glycerin 5.45 -15.61 Co-Polymer
4 Alpha Olefin Sulphonate 15 - 35.45 Ionic Surfactant
5 Benzalkonium chloride (50%) 0.5 - 6.52 Disinfectant
6 Suitable Fragrance 10.57 - 26.8 Fragrance
7 Water Quantity sufficient Vehicle

Manufacturing Process for Example-5:
The manufacturing process of Floor cleaner film involves several steps:
Step no. Details of the Manufacturing procedure
Step 1 Weighed quantity of Water was taken in a container and kept under stirring at 350 RPM
Step 2 Weighed quantity of Benzalkonium chloride (50%) was added to above step-1 under stirring at 350 RPM for 5 min
Step 3 Weighed quantity of Glycerin was added to above step-3 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 4 Weighed quantity of Polyvinyl Alcohol was added to above step-3 under stirring at 400 RPM for 10 min
Step 5 Weighed quantity of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was added to above step-4 under stirring at 400 RPM for 10 min
Step 6 Weighed quantity of Alpha Olefin Sulphonate was added to above step-5 under stirring at 500 RPM for 20 min
Step 7 Weighed quantity of Suitable Fragrance was added to above step-6 under stirring at 500 RPM for 5 min
Step 8 Finally, above step- 7 Wet slurry was stirred at 500 RPM for 20 min to get a uniform viscous solution
Step 9 Above step wet slurry after completion of mixing subjected to vacuum degassing for 15 - 30 mins to obtain bubble-free slurry
Step 10 The Wet slurry was casted at process parameters of Dr. Knife thickness of 1200 to 3500 microns; Temperature 105±5°C; and In-direct drying
Step 11 The dried casted film was slitted into required dimensions for achieving the final required weight.
Step 12 The pre-measured cut films were individually wrapped for convenient single-use packaging.

Study Parameters Example - 5
Description Translucent rectangular shape film
Area range of the film 30 – 50 cm2
Disintegration time 35 sec
Water content 11.61%
Weight of the film 2.8 grams
Folding Endurance > 150 folds

Antibacterial Test Report for Floor cleaner products
Objective: To evaluate and compare the antibacterial efficacy of a dissolved floor cleaner film solution and a standard floor cleaning solution against common bacteria, following ISO 22196:2011 standards.
Test Method: ISO 22196:2011 - Measurement of antibacterial activity on plastics and other non-porous surfaces
Test Conditions:
• Bacterial Strains Tested: Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538)
• Temperature: 35°C ± 1°C
• Incubation Time: 24 hours
• Test Surface: Non-porous, smooth surface
• Sample Preparation:
o Floor Cleaner Film Solution: Film dissolved in water to form a 0.1% solution.
o Floor Cleaning Solution: Diluted to a 0.1% concentration using soft water.

Sample Preparation:
1. Floor Cleaner Film Solution:
• The floor cleaner film was dissolved in water to form a 0.1% solution (1 g of film in 1 liter of water).
• The solution was thoroughly mixed to ensure complete dissolution before testing.
2. Floor Cleaning Solution:
• The floor cleaner solution was diluted to a 0.1% concentration (1 mL of solution in 1 liter of water) to match the concentration of the film solution.
Test Procedures:
1. Inoculation:
a) The prepared solutions (film-derived solution and standard solution) were applied to separate test surfaces.
b) 100 µL of the bacterial suspension (~10^6 CFU/mL) was spread on each test surface.
c) The surfaces were then incubated at 35°C for 24 hours.
2. Bacterial Recovery:
a) After incubation, the bacteria were recovered from the surfaces by washing with 10 mL of a neutralizing solution.
b) Serial dilutions of the neutralizing solution were prepared, and 100 µL of each dilution was plated on nutrient agar.
c) The plates were incubated at 35°C for 24 hours.
3. Colony Counting:
a) The number of viable bacterial colonies (CFU) on each plate was counted.
b) The bacterial reduction was calculated by comparing the CFU counts from the test surfaces with those from control surfaces (untreated).
Test Results:
Sample Bacterial Strain Initial CFU/mL CFU/mL After 24h (Control) CFU/mL After 24h (Test Surface) Bacterial Reduction (%)
Floor Cleaner Film Solution Escherichia coli ~10^6 1.5 x 10^6 1.0 x 10^2 99.93%
Floor Cleaner Film Solution Staphylococcus aureus ~10^6 1.4 x 10^6 8.0 x 10^1 99.94%
Standard Floor Cleaning Solution Escherichia coli ~10^6 1.5 x 10^6 3 x 10^4 80%
Standard Floor Cleaning Solution Staphylococcus aureus ~10^6 1.4 x 10^6 4.5 x 10^4 71.43%

Conclusion: The antibacterial test results demonstrate that the floor cleaner film solution exhibits significantly superior antibacterial efficacy compared to the standard floor cleaning solution. The floor cleaner film solution achieved bacterial reductions of up to 99.94% for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, indicating its high effectiveness in eliminating bacterial contaminants.
In contrast, the standard floor cleaning solution showed considerably lower efficacy, with bacterial reductions ranging between 71.43% and 80.00%. This reduction suggests that while the standard solution is effective to some degree, it does not match the potent antibacterial performance of the film-derived solution.The superior performance of the floor cleaner film solution highlights its suitability for high-standards environments requiring stringent microbial control.
Advantages of floor cleaner films over floor cleaner solutions
Floor cleaner films offer several advantages over traditional liquid floor cleaning solutions.
1. Convenience and Ease of Use: No Measuring
2. Portability and Storage: Compact and Lightweight, No Heavy Containers
3. Environmental Impact: Reduced Packaging Waste, Lower Carbon Footprint
4. No Risk of Spills or Mess: Clean and Tidy, No Residue
5. Cost-Effectiveness: Economical Use, Long Shelf Life
6. Safety and Reduced Chemical Exposure: Safer to Handle
7. Dissolution in Cold Water: Efficient in Cold Water
These advantages make floor cleaner films an innovative, convenient, and environmentally fiendly alternative to traditional liquid floor cleaners.
SHAMPOO FILM
Another embodiment of our present invention relates to a unit dose shampoo film for use in hair cleaning applications, wherein the film comprises a film forming polymer and a copolymer, plasticizer, emollient, moisturizer, foaming agent, foam stabilizer, thickening agent, preservative at least one surfactant (both ionic and/or non-ionic), buffering agent, a fragrance, colorant and optionally an opacifier, wherein the unit dose detergent film contains less than 20 wt. % of water.
The following examples illustrate this embodiment of our present invention:
Example - 6:
Sl. No. Name of the Material Concentration range (%w/w) Functional category
1 Sodium Lauryl sulphate 5 - 15 Surfactant / Cleansing agent
2 Sodium Lauryl Sarcosinate 0.1 - 1 Foaming agent
3 Cocamidopropyl Betaine 5 - 10 Foam stabilizer
4 Cocamide MEA 1 - 3 Foam stabilizer
5 Propylene Glycol 1 - 5 Plasticizer
6 Glycerin 2 - 4 Moisturizer / Humectant
7 Hydrolyzed keratin 0.5 - 1 Moisturizer / Humectant
8 Panthenol 0.5 - 1 Emollient
9 Dimethicone 0.1 - 0.8 Emollient
10 Aloe vera extract 1 - 2 Soothing / Hydrating agent
11 Vitamin – E 0.5 - 1 Antioxidant
12 Citric acid 0.1 - 0.3 Buffering agent
13 Glycol Distearate 0.1 - 2 Opacifier / Pearling agent
14 Zinc pyrethione 0.1 - 0.5 Preservative
15 Guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride 1 - 10 Thickening agent
16 Xanthan gum 1 - 10 Thickening agent
17 Carbomer 1 - 10 Thickening agent
18 Polyvinyl alcohol 20 - 40 Film former
19 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 20 - 40 Film Former
20 Suitable fragrance 0.5 - 1 Perfuming agent
21 Suitable colour 0.05 - 0.3 Colourant
22 Water Quantity Sufficient Vehicle

Manufacturing Process for Example-6:
The manufacturing process of shampoo films involves several steps:
Step no. Details of the Manufacturing procedure
Step 1 Weighed quantity of Water was taken in a container and kept under stirring at 350 RPM
Step 2 Weighed quantity of Sodium Lauryl sulphate was added to above step-1 under stirring at 350 RPM for 5 min
Step 3 Weighed quantity of Sodium Lauryl Sarcosinate was added to above step-2 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 4 Weighed quantity of Cocamidopropyl Betaine was added to above step-3 under stirring at 400 RPM for 20 min
Step 5 Weighed quantity of Cocamide MEA was added to above step-4 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 6 Weighed quantity of Propylene Glycol was added to above step-5 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 7 Weighed quantity of Glycerin was added to above step-6 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 8 Weighed quantity of Hydrolyzed keratin was added to above step-7 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5min
Step 9 Weighed quantity of Panthenol was added to above step-8 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 10 Weighed quantity of Dimethicone was added to above step-9 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 11 Weighed quantity of Aloe vera extract was added to above step-10 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 12 Weighed quantity of Vitamin - E was added to above step-11 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 13 Weighed quantity of Citric acid was added to above step-12 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 14 Weighed quantity of Glycol Distearate was added to above step-13 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 15 Weighed quantity of Zinc pyrethione was added to above step-14 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 16 Weighed quantity of Guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride was added to above step-15 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 17 Weighed quantity of Xanthan gum was added to above step-16 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 18 Weighed quantity of Carbomer was added to above step-17 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 19 Weighed quantity of Polyvinyl alcohol was added to above step-18 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 20 Weighed quantity of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was added to above step-19 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 21 Weighed quantity of Suitable fragrance was added to above step-20 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 22 Weighed quantity of Suitable colour was added to above step-21 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 23 Finally, above step- 22 Wet slurry was stirred at 500 RPM for 22 min to get a uniform viscous solution
Step 24 Above step wet slurry after completion of mixing subjected to vacuum degassing for 15 - 30 mins to obtain bubble-free slurry
Step 25 The Wet slurry was casted at process parameters of Dr. Knife thickness of 500 to 2000 microns; Temperature 105±5°C; and In-direct drying
Step 26 The dried casted film was slitted into required dimensions for achieving the final required weight.
Step 27 The pre-measured cut films were individually wrapped for convenient single-use packaging.

Study Parameters Example - 6
Description Light coloured rectangular shape film
Area range of the film 15 – 40 cm2
Disintegration time 18 sec
Water content 8.64%
Weight of the film 0.85 grams
Folding Endurance > 150 folds

Foaming Test Report for Shampoo products
Objective: To evaluate and compare the foaming properties (foam height and stability) of In-House shampoo film and Marketed shampoo solution using Shake Flask Method.
Rationale: To simulate manual agitation and assess foam generation and decay in a simple setup.
Apparatus: Stoppered flask (250 mL), stopwatch, graduated cylinder.
Procedure:
1. A 50 mL sample of the shampoo solution was placed in a 250 mL stoppered flask.
2. The flask was shaken vigorously for 30 seconds.
3. The initial foam height was measured immediately after shaking.
4. The foam height was measured again after 5 minutes to assess stability.

Test Results:
Shampoo Form Initial Foam Height (cm) Foam Height after 5 min (cm) Foam Stability Observation
In-House Film 7.2 5.1 Very Good Consistent foam with slight decay
Marketed Solution 5.4 2.2 Moderate Moderate foam production, gradually decays

Shampoo Films showed superior foaming capability and foam stability followed by marketed shampoo solution that had the least stable foam, with significant reduction in foam height after 5 minutes.
Advantages of shampoo films over shampoo solutions
Shampoo films offer several advantages over traditional liquid shampoo solutions, particularly in terms of their working efficiency and activity.
1. Convenience and Portability: Compact and Lightweight, No Spills or Leaks
2. Pre-Measured and Consistent Usage: Single-Use Films, No Over-Pouring
3. Environmental Impact: Minimal Packaging, Lower Carbon Footprint
4. No Residue and Easy Rinse: No Residue Build-Up, Quick Rinsing
5. Formulation Stability and Shelf Life: Long Shelf Life, Stable Formulation
6. Hygiene and Safety: Single-Use Format, No Risk of Contaminants
7. Water Efficiency: Less Water Required to use
8. Customizable and Versatile: Tailored Dosing, Versatility in Use
These advantages make shampoo films a highly convenient, efficient, and eco-friendly alternative to traditional liquid shampoos, offering benefits particularly suited for modern, on-the-go lifestyles.

HANDWASH FILM
Another embodiment of our present invention relates to a unit dose handwash film for use in personal cleaning applications, wherein the film comprises a film-forming polymer and a copolymer, plasticizer, soothing agent, foaming agent, foam stabilizer, thickening agent, preservative at least one surfactant (both ionic and/or non-ionic), buffering agent, a fragrance, colorant and optionally an opacifier, wherein the unit dose detergent film contains less than 20 wt. % of water.
The following examples illustrate this embodiment of our present invention:
Example - 7:
Sl. No. Name of the Material Concentration range (%w/w) Functional category
1 Sodium Lauryl sulphate 4 - 10 Surfactant / Cleansing agent
2 Cocamidopropyl Betaine 5 - 8 Foam stabilizer
3 Propylene Glycol 1 - 6 Plasticizer
4 Glycerin 2 - 4 Moisturizer / Humectant
5 Aloe vera extract 1 - 2 Soothing / Hydrating agent
6 Vitamin – E 0.5 - 1 Antioxidant
7 Citric acid 0.1 - 0.3 Buffering agent
8 Glycol Distearate 0.1 - 2 Opacifier / Pearling agent
9 Phenoxyethanol 0.3 - 0.5 Preservative
10 Xanthan gum 1 - 10 Thickening agent
11 Carbomer 1 - 10 Thickening agent
12 Polyvinyl alcohol 20 - 40 Film former
13 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 20 - 40 Film Former
14 Suitable fragrance 0.5 - 1 Perfuming agent
15 Suitable colour 0.05 - 0.2 Colorant
16 Water Quantity Sufficient Vehicle

Manufacturing Process for Example-7:
The manufacturing process of Handwash films involves several steps:
Step no. Details of the Manufacturing procedure
Step 1 Weighed quantity of Water was taken in a container and kept under stirring at 350 RPM
Step 2 Weighed quantity of Sodium Lauryl sulphate was added to above step-1 under stirring at 350 RPM for 5 min
Step 3 Weighed quantity of Cocamidopropyl Betaine was added to above step-2 under stirring at 400 RPM for 20 min
Step 4 Weighed quantity of Propylene Glycol was added to above step-3 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 5 Weighed quantity of Glycerin was added to above step-4 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 6 Weighed quantity of Aloe vera extract was added to above step-5 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 7 Weighed quantity of Vitamin - E was added to above step-6 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 8 Weighed quantity of Citric acid was added to above step-7 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 9 Weighed quantity of Glycol Distearate was added to above step-8 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 10 Weighed quantity of Phenoxyethanol was added to above step-9 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
Step 11 Weighed quantity of Xanthan gum was added to above step-10 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 12 Weighed quantity of Carbomer was added to above step-11 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 13 Weighed quantity of Polyvinyl alcohol was added to above step-12 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 14 Weighed quantity of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was added to above step-13 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 15 Weighed quantity of Suitable fragrance was added to above step-14 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 16 Weighed quantity of Suitable colour was added to above step-15 under stirring at 500 RPM for 15 min
Step 17 Finally, above step- 16 Wet slurry was stirred at 500 RPM for 16 min to get a uniform viscous solution
Step 18 Above step wet slurry after completion of mixing subjected to vacuum degassing for 15 - 30 mins to obtain bubble-free slurry
Step 19 The Wet slurry was casted at process parameters of Dr. Knife thickness of 500 to 1200 microns; Temperature 105±5°C; and In-direct drying
Step 20 The dried casted film was slitted into required dimensions for achieving the final required weight.
Step 21 The pre-measured cut films were individually wrapped for convenient single-use packaging.

Study Parameters Example - 7
Description Light coloured rectangular shape film
Area range of the film 5 – 25 cm2
Disintegration time 10 sec
Water content 9.35%
Weight of the film 0.4 grams
Folding Endurance > 150 folds

Foaming Test Report for Handwash products
Objective: To evaluate and compare the foaming properties (foam height and stability) of In-House handwash film and Marketed handwash solution using Shake Flask Method.
Rationale: To simulate manual agitation and assess foam generation and decay in a simple setup.
Apparatus: Stoppered flask (250 mL), stopwatch, graduated cylinder.
Procedure:
1. A 50 mL sample of the handwash solution was placed in a 250 mL stoppered flask.
2. The flask was shaken vigorously for 30 seconds.
3. The initial foam height was measured immediately after shaking.
4. The foam height was measured again after 5 minutes to assess stability.

Test Results:
Shampoo Form Initial Foam Height (cm) Foam Height after 5 min (cm) Foam Stability Observation
In-House Film 8.8 7.3 Very Good Consistent foam with slight decay
Marketed Solution 6.9 4.2 Moderate Moderate foam production, gradually decays

Handwash Films showed superior foaming capability and foam stability followed by marketed handwash solution that had the least stable foam, with significant reduction in foam height after 5 minutes.
Advantages of handwash films over handwash solutions
Handwash films offer several advantages over traditional liquid handwash solutions regarding working efficiency and activity. Here are the key benefits:
1. Convenience and Portability: Compact and Lightweight, Ideal for Travel, No Spills or Leaks
2. Ease of Use: Simple Application, Quick Dissolution, No Need for Dispensers
3. Pre-Measured and Consistent Dosage: Controlled Usage, Cost-Effective, Easy Monitoring
4. Hygiene and Safety: Reduced Contamination Risk, Longer Shelf Life, Suitable for Sensitive Skin
5. Environmental Impact: Minimal Packaging, Lower Carbon Footprint, Water Conservation
6. Space Efficiency: Easy Storage, Clutter-Free
7. Versatility: Use Anywhere, Adaptable Quantities
8. Effective Cleaning Performance: High Efficacy, Pleasant Fragrance and Feel, Quick Drying
9. Economic Benefits: Reduced Shipping Costs, Lower Storage Costs
10. Safety in Transportation and Usage: Non-Flammable and Stable, Child-Friendly
11. Reduced Need for Preservatives: Simpler Formulations, Lower Allergen Risk
12. Innovative and Modern Appeal: User Experience, Brand Differentiation

REFERENCE NUMERALS
101 – Weighed quantity of Water was taken in a container and kept under stirring at 350 RPM
102 – Weighed quantity of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was added to (101) under stirring at 400 RPM for 20 min
103 – Weighed quantity of Glycerin was added to (102) under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
104 – Weighed quantity of Alpha Olefin Sulphonate was added to above (103) under stirring at 400 RPM for 10 min
105 – Weighed quantity of Potassium hydroxide was added to above (104) under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
106 – Weighed quantity of Sodium chloride was added to above (105) under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
107 – Weighed quantity of Citric acid was added to above step-6 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
108 – Weighed quantity of Sodium Butyl naphthalene sulfonate was added to above (107) under stirring at 400 RPM for 5min
109 – Weighed quantity of Subtilisins was added to above (108) under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
110 – Weighed quantity of Eco enzyme was added to above (109) under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min
111- Weighed quantity of Suitable Fragrance was added to above (110) under stirring at 500 RPM for 5 min
112 – Weighed quantity of Optical Fabric brightener was added to above (111) under stirring at 500 RPM for 5 min
113 – Finally, above (112) Wet slurry was stirred at 500 RPM for 20 min to get a uniform viscous solution
114 – Above (113) wet slurry after completion of mixing subjected to vacuum degassing for 15 - 30 mins to obtain bubble-free slurry
115 – The Wet slurry was casted at process parameters of Dr. Knife thickness of 1000 to 4000 microns; Temperature 105±5°C; and In-direct drying
116 – The dried casted film was slitted into required dimensions for achieving the final required weight.
117 – The pre-measured cut films were individually wrapped for convenient single-use packaging.
,CLAIMS:5. CLAIMS
I/We Claim:
1. A film composition of surface-active agents, wherein the surface agents can be detergents, soap, handwash and shampoo, laundry and homecare compositions composed of water-soluble polymers, surfactants, and cleaning agents, wherein:
a. The detergent film is composed of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Glycerin, Alpha Olefin Sulphonate, Potassium Hydroxide, Sodium Chloride, Citric acid, Sodium Butyl naphthalene sulfonate, Subtilisins, Eco enzyme, Suitable Fragrance, Optical Fabric Brightener, Water
b. The fabric softener film is composed of: Dihydrogenated Tallowoylethyl Hydroxyethylmonium Methosulfate / Dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride (DHTDMAC), Hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose, Polyvinyl alcohol, Isopropanol, Ethanol, Sodium Benzoate, Suitable fragrance, Water.
c. The floor cleaner film is composed of: Polyvinyl Alcohol, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Glycerin, Alpha Olefin Sulphonate, Benzalkonium chloride (50%), Suitable Fragrance, Water
d. The shampoo film composed of: Sodium Lauryl sulphate, Sodium Lauryl Sarcosinate, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Cocamide MEA, Propylene Glycol, Glycerin, Hydrolyzed keratin, Panthenol, Dimethicone, Aloe vera extract, Vitamin – E, Citric acid, Glycol Distearate, Zinc pyrethione, Guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, Xanthan gum, Carbomer, Polyvinyl alcohol, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Suitable fragrance, Suitable colour, Water
e. The handwash film is composed of: Sodium Lauryl sulphate, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Propylene Glycol, Glycerin, Aloe vera extract, Vitamin – E, Citric acid, Glycol Distearate, Phenoxyethanol, Xanthan gum, Carbomer, Polyvinyl alcohol, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Suitable fragrance, Suitable colour, Water
Wherein, their method of preparation include addition of weighed quantities of the ingredients in a step-by-step manner, and the duration of stirring, speed of rotation, and addition of ingredients at the specific points in the timeline.
2. The film composition of surface-active agents, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method of preparation of the detergent film is given by:
a. Step 1: Weighed quantity of Water was taken in a container and kept under stirring at 350 RPM (101)
b. Step 2: Weighed quantity of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was added to above step-1 under stirring at 400 RPM for 20 min (102)
c. Step 3: Weighed quantity of Glycerin was added to above step-2 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (103)
d. Step 4: Weighed quantity of Alpha Olefin Sulphonate was added to above step-3 under stirring at 400 RPM for 10 min (104)
e. Step 5: Weighed quantity of Potassium hydroxide was added to above step-4 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (105)
f. Step 6: Weighed quantity of Sodium chloride was added to above step-5 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (106)
g. Step 7: Weighed quantity of Citric acid was added to above step-6 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (107)
h. Step 8: Weighed quantity of Sodium Butyl naphthalene sulfonate was added to above step-7 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5min (108)
i. Step 9: Weighed quantity of Subtilisins was added to above step-8 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (109)
j. Step 10: Weighed quantity of Eco enzyme was added to above step-9 under stirring at 400 RPM for 5 min (110)
k. Step 11: Weighed quantity of Suitable Fragrance was added to above step-10 under stirring at 500 RPM for 5 min (111)
l. Step 12: Weighed quantity of Optical Fabric brightener was added to above step-11 under stirring at 500 RPM for 5 min (112)
m. Step 13: Finally, above step- 12 Wet slurry was stirred at 500 RPM for 20 min to get a uniform viscous solution (113)
n. Step 14: Above step wet slurry after completion of mixing subjected to vacuum degassing for 15 - 30 mins to obtain bubble-free slurry (114)
o. Step 15: The Wet slurry was casted at process parameters of Dr. Knife thickness of 1000 to 4000 microns; Temperature 105±5°C; and In-direct drying (115)
p. Step 16: The dried casted film was slitted into required dimensions for achieving the final required weight. (116)
q. Step 17: The pre-measured cut films were individually wrapped for convenient single-use packaging. (117)