WE CLAIM:
[Claim 1]
A lithographic printing plate precursor having an aluminum support and an image recording layer disposed above the aluminum support,
wherein the aluminum support includes an aluminum plate and an anodized film of aluminum formed on the aluminum plate,
wherein the image recording layer is positioned on the anodized film side of the aluminum support,
wherein when measured over a 400 urn x 400 urn region of a surface of the aluminum support on the image recording layer side using a three-dimensional non-contact roughness tester, pits with a depth from centerline of at least 0.70 urn are present at a density of at least 3,000 pits/mm2, and
wherein a surface area ratio AS is not less than 35%, the surface area ratio AS being determined by Formula (1):
AS = (Sx - So) / So x 100(%) ... (1) using an actual area Sx obtained, through three-point approximation, from three-dimensional data acquired by measurement at 512 x 512 points in 25 urn square of the surface of the aluminum support on the image recording layer side by means of an atomic force microscope and a geometrically measured area S0. [Claim 2]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to claim 1,
wherein the surface of the aluminum support on the image recording layer side has pits having an average aperture size of 0.01 to 0.5 urn. [Claim 3]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to claim 1 or 2,
wherein the surface of the aluminum support on the image recording layer side has a lightness L* of 68 to 90 in a L*a*b* color system.

[Claim 4]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to any-one of claims 1 to 3,
wherein the anodized film has micropores extending from a surface of the anodized film opposite from the aluminum plate in a depth direction of the anodized film, and
wherein an average diameter of the micropores at the surface of the anodized film is from 10 to 150 nm. [Claim 5]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to claim 4,
wherein the average diameter of the micropores at the surface of the anodized film is from 10 to 100 nm. [Claim 6]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to claim 5,
wherein each of the micropores has a large-diameter portion which extends from the surface of the anodized film to a depth of 10 to 1,000 nm and a small-diameter portion which communicates with a bottom of the large-diameter portion and extends to a depth of 20 to 2,000 nm from a communication position between the small-diameter portion and the large-diameter portion,
wherein an average diameter of the large-diameter portion at the surface of the anodized film is 15 to 60 nm, and
wherein an average diameter of the small-diameter portion at the communication position is not more than 13 nm. [Claim 7]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further including an undercoat layer between the aluminum support and the image recording layer,
wherein the undercoat layer contains polyvinylphosphonic acid. [Claim 8]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to any

one of claims 1 to 6, further including an undercoat layer between the aluminum support and the image recording layer,
wherein the undercoat layer contains a compound having a betain structure. [Claim 9]
A lithographic printing plate manufacturing method, comprising:
an exposure step of imagewise exposing the lithographic printing plate precursor according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to form exposed portions and unexposed portions; and
a removal step of removing the unexposed portions of the lithographic printing plate precursor having been imagewise exposed. [Claim 10]
A printing method, comprising:
an exposure step of imagewise exposing the lithographic printing plate precursor according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to form exposed portions and unexposed portions; and
a printing step of performing printing by supplying at least one of printing ink and fountain solution to remove the unexposed portions of the lithographic printing plate precursor having been imagewise exposed, on a printing press. [Claim 11]
A method of manufacturing an aluminum support used in the lithographic printing plate precursor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:
a hydrochloric acid electrolytic treatment step of subjecting an aluminum plate to alternating current electrolysis in a hydrochloric acid treatment solution having a sulfuric acid concentration of 0.1 to 2.0 g/L to thereby manufacture a surface-roughened aluminum plate. [Claim 12]
The method of manufacturing an aluminum support according to claim 11, the method comprising:
an anodizing treatment step of anodizing the surface-

roughened aluminum plate to form an anodized film of aluminum on the aluminum plate; and
a pore-widening treatment step of enlarging a diameter of micropores present in the anodized film by subjecting the aluminum plate having the anodized film formed thereon to etching treatment,
the anodizing treatment step and the pore-widening treatment step being carried out in this order after the hydrochloric acid electrolytic treatment step. [Claim 13]
The method of manufacturing an aluminum support according to claim 12,
wherein the anodizing treatment step is a step of carrying out anodizing treatment using phosphoric acid. [Claim 14]
A lithographic printing plate precursor having an aluminum support and an image recording layer disposed above the aluminum support,
wherein the aluminum support includes an aluminum plate and an anodized film of aluminum formed on the aluminum plate,
wherein the image recording layer is positioned on the anodized film side of the aluminum support, and
wherein when measured over a 400 pm x 400 um region of a surface of the aluminum support on the image recording layer side using a three-dimensional non-contact roughness tester, pits with a depth from centerline of at least 0.70 um are present at a density of at least 3,000 pits/mm2. [Claim 15]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to claim 14,
wherein the surface of the aluminum support on the image recording layer side has a lightness L* of 68 to 90 in a L*a*b* color system. [Claim 16]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to

claim 14 or 15,
wherein the anodized film has micropores extending from a surface of the anodized film opposite from the aluminum plate in a depth direction of the anodized film, and
wherein an average diameter of the micropores at the surface of the anodized film is from 10 to 150 nm. [Claim 17]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to any one of claims 14 to 16,
wherein each of the micropores has a large-diameter portion which extends from the surface of the anodized film to a depth of 10 to 1,000 nm and a small-diameter portion which communicates with a bottom of the large-diameter portion and extends to a depth of 20 to 2,000 nm from a communication position between the small-diameter portion and the large-diameter portion,
wherein an average diameter of the large-diameter portion at the surface of the anodized film is 15 to 60 nm, and
wherein an average diameter of the small-diameter portion at the communication position is not more than 13 nm. [Claim 18]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to any one of claims 14 to 17,
wherein the surface of the aluminum support on the image recording layer side has a lightness L* of 75 to 90 in a L*a*b* color system. [Claim 19]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to any one of claims 14 to 18,
wherein the image recording layer contains a polymeric compound in a form of fine particles, and the polymeric compound in the form of fine particles contains a copolymer including styrene and acrylonitrile. [Claim 20]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to any

one of claims 14 to 19,
wherein the image recording layer contains a borate compound. [Claim 21]
The lithographic printing plate precursor according to any one of claims 14 to 20,
wherein the image recording layer contains an acid color former.