WE CLAIM:
1. Lubricating mixture, in particular for use in
gearings and motors, which contains at least
- a mass fraction of ≥ 50% of glycerides of
natural origin and
- a fraction of fatty acid alkyl esters having 1
to 4 C atoms in the alkyl group,
wherein
- the glycerides are at least partly mono and/or
diglycerides which form a mass fraction of ≥ 10%
in the mixture and
- in a temperature range from > 10°C to at least
15°C the mixture has a liquid phase with a solid
fraction of ≥ 1 vol.%,
- which is formed from a fraction of glycerides
and/or fatty acid alkyl esters.
2. The lubricating mixture according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the mixture has the liquid phase with the solid
fraction of ≥ 1 vol.% in the temperature range
from > 10°C to at least 20°C.
3. The lubricating mixture according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
in the temperature range from > 10°C to at least
15°C or to at least 20°C the mixture has a liquid
phase with a solid fraction of ≥ 50 vol.%.
4. The lubricating mixture according to any one of
claims 1 to 3,characterized in that
in the temperature range from > 10°C to at least
15°C or to at least 20°C the liquid phase
comprises a fraction of ≥ 40 vol.% of the mixture.
5. The lubricating mixture according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that in the temperature range
from > 10°C to at least 15°C or to at least 20°C
the liquid phase comprises a fraction of ≥ 80
vol.% of the mixture.
6. The lubricating mixture according to any one of
claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
the solid fraction is formed by solid particles
which have an extension in the range between 4 µm
and 5 mm.
7. The lubricating mixture according to any one of
claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that
the mixture contains a mass fraction of > 30% of
triglycerides.
8. The lubricating mixture according to any one of
claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that
the mixture contains a mass fraction of > 10% of
diglycerides and a mass fraction of > 5% of
monoglycerides.
9. The lubricating mixture according to claim 7 or 8,
characterized in that
the mass fraction of triglycerides is > 40%,
preferably > 50%.
10. The lubricating mixture according to claim 8 or 9,
characterized in that
the mass fraction of diglycerides is > 15%.
11. The lubricating mixture according to any one of
claims 1 to 10,
characterized in that
the mixture contains a mass fraction of > 10%,
preferably > 15% of fatty acid alkyl esters.
12. The lubricating mixture according to any one of
claims 1 to 11,
characterized in that
the mixture contains a mass fraction between 0.1%
and 4% of unbound mono- or polyvalent alcohol.
13. The lubricating mixture according to any one of
claims 1 to 12,
characterized in that
in addition to the solid fraction of glycerides
and/or fatty acid alkyl esters, the mixture
additionally comprises solid particles of other
organic and/or inorganic substances which are
still solid at a temperature of at least 90°C.
14. The lubricating mixture according to claim 13,
characterized in that
the solid particles of the other organic and/or
inorganic substances are contained in the mixture
in a mass fraction between 0.1% and 3%.
15. The lubricating mixture according to claim 13 or
14,
characterized in that
the solid particles of the other organic and/or inorganic substances have an extension in the
range between 0.1 µm and 1.5 µm.
16. The lubricating mixture according to any one of
claims 1 to 15,
characterized in that
the glycerides in the solid fraction have an at
least a factor of 1.5 higher fraction of
monoglycerides than the glycerides in the liquid
phase.
17. The lubricating mixture according to any one of
claims 1 to 16,
characterized in that
at least a portion of the glycerides is obtained
from vegetable fats which contain a mass fraction
of at least 30% of saturated fatty acids and are
solid at a temperature of 20°C.
18. The lubricating mixture according to claim 17,
characterized in that
at least a portion of the glycerides is obtained
from palm oil and/or coconut oil.
19. The lubricating mixture according to claim 17 or
18,
characterized in that
a portion of the glycerides is obtained from
vegetable oils which are liquid at a temperature
of 20°C.
20. Use of the lubricating mixture according to one or
more of the preceding claims as lubricant.
21. Use according to claim 20 as lubricant for
gearings or motors.