Claims:
1. A lubrication system (101) for an integrated powertrain (100) of a vehicle comprising an engine (102), a transmission (103), a differential system integrated within a crankcase housing (104), the system (101) comprising:
a low pressure oil pump (1) of the integrated powertrain (100), wherein the dry sump area (A) is configured to receive and store the lubricant and the low pressure oil pump (1) is configured to pump the lubricant from the dry sump area (A) to a wet sump area (B) of the integrated powertrain (100);
a high-pressure oil pump (2) disposed in fluid communication with the wet sump area (B), wherein the high-pressure oil pump (2) is mounted on a same shaft of the low-pressure oil pump (1); and
a main oil gallery (20) disposed in fluid communication with the high-pressure oil pump (2), wherein the main oil gallery (20) is configured to supply lubricant from the high-pressure oil pump (2) to a plurality of sub-oil galleries (21) for lubricating the engine (102), the transmission (103), and the differential system of the integrated powertrain (100).

2. The lubrication system (101) claimed in claim 1 comprises an oil filter (3) between the high-pressure oil pump (2) and the main oil gallery (20).

3. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1 wherein the plurality of sub-oil galleries (21) are defined in each of a crankcase housing (104), a crankcase cover (104a), a cylinder block and a cylinder head.

4. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1, wherein the main oil gallery (20) is connected to the plurality of sub-oil galleries (21).

5. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1, wherein the dry sump area (A) and the wet sump area (B) are divided by a patriation wall (18).

6. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1, wherein the shaft accommodating the low-pressure oil pump (1) and a high-pressure oil pump (2) is mounted parallel to a crankshaft axis and is driven by a balancer shaft (105).

7. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1 comprises a cavity (9a) defined in the crankshaft (9), wherein the cavity (9a) fluidly communicates with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries (21).

8. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1 wherein, crankshaft cavity (9a) is being used to collect and supply oil, in order to provide required cooling to flywheel magneto (11), through advantage of centrifugal action.

9. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1 wherein the lubricant from at least one of the plurality of sub oil galleries (21) is discharged onto an input shaft (6) and an output shaft (7) through an oil jet (10).

10. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1 comprises an oil shower (8) in the transmission (103), wherein the oil shower (8) is in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries (21) to discharge predetermined amount of lubricant on gears in the transmission (103).

11. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1 comprises a piston cooling jet (12) in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries, the piston cooling jet is adapted to dissipate heat from piston

12. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1 wherein an oil pressure switch (13) is configured to check and measure oil pressure in oil circuit and gives input to engine control unit (ECU).

13. The lubrication system claimed in claim 1 wherein at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries is fluidly connected to an intake rocker arm (14)and a cup (16) is positioned in an exhaust rocker arm (15) to receive the lubricant from the intake rocker arm (14).

14. A vehicle comprising a lubricating system as claimed in claim 1.
, Description:TECHNICAL FIELD:
The present disclosure relates in general to a field of automobiles. Particularly but not exclusively, the disclosure relates to lubrication system for a vehicle. Further, embodiments of the disclosure discloses a lubrication system for an integrated power train comprising an engine, transmission, differential system integrated within a crankcase housing of the vehicle.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

Generally, lubricating systems are used in vehicles to introduce lubricant such as oil, grease to moving machine parts of the vehicle thereby reducing friction between parts, and therefore increase the longevity of such moving machine parts. The engine lubrication system distributes lubricating oil to the moving parts so to reduce friction between surfaces. Lubrication plays a key role in the life expectancy of an automotive engine. If the lubricating system fail, an engine would succumb to overheating and may seize very quickly.

In small commercial vehicles, space availability for the powertrain packaging is very critical. This leads to the requirement of compact powertrain development. Conventional powertrains have separate engine and gearbox housing and the lubrication of the engine and gear box housing requires separate lubrication arrangement. Also, in the conventional power train, different lubrication oil is used to lubricate the engine and gear box separately. This leads to the increase in the space requirement along with the requirement of separate lubricating oil for both the engine and gearbox. This results in the increase in the cost of maintenance the engine power train and its parts.

With advancement in technology the integrated powertrains have been developed which houses all the components of the powertrain such as engine, transmission system, charging system and starting system. In the integrated power train, where engine and gear box is arranged into the same housing, lubrication of this integrated power train becomes a big challenge and is very critical. In general powertrains have oil sump in its bottom where oil gets stored and transmission mechanism may be partially submerged into it. When the gears present in the transmission mechanism rotates inside the oily ambience, it creates churning losses and produces blow by gases and thus there may be a requirement of a lubricating system which is having a lubrication concept for a single cylinder spark ignition and overcome the one or more problems associated with the prior art.

The present disclosure is directed to overcome one or more problems stated above, or any other limitations associated with the prior arts.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
The one or more shortcomings of the prior art are overcome by an assembly as claimed and additional advantages are provided through the provision of assembly as claimed in the present disclosure. Additional features and advantages are realized through the techniques of the present disclosure. Other embodiments and aspects of the disclosure are described in detail herein and are considered a part of the claimed disclosure.

In a non-limiting embodiment of the disclosure, a lubrication system for an integrated powertrain of a vehicle is disclosed. The lubrication system for an integrated powertrain of a vehicle comprising an engine , a transmission , a differential system integrated within a crankcase housing , the system comprising a low pressure oil pump of the integrated powertrain , wherein the dry sump area is configured to receive and store the lubricant and the low pressure oil pump is configured to pump the lubricant from the dry sump area to a wet sump area of the integrated powertrain . A high-pressure oil pump disposed in fluid communication with the wet sump area , wherein the high-pressure oil pump is mounted on a same shaft of the low-pressure oil pump ; and a main oil gallery disposed in fluid communication with the high-pressure oil pump , wherein the main oil gallery is configured supply lubricant from the high-pressure oil pump to a plurality of sub-oil galleries for lubricating the engine, the transmission, and the differential system of the integrated powertrain.

In an embodiment an oil filter between the high-pressure oil pump and the main oil gallery.

In an embodiment the plurality of sub-oil galleries are defined in each of a crankcase housing, a crankcase cover , a cylinder block and a cylinder.

In an embodiment the main oil gallery is connected to the plurality of sub-oil galleries through one or more pipes.

In an embodiment, the dry sump area and the wet sump area are divided by a patriation wall .

In an embodiment the shaft accommodating the low-pressure oil pump and a high-pressure oil pump is mounted parallel to a crankshaft axis and is driven by a balancer shaft.

In an embodiment a cavity defined in the crankshaft, wherein the cavity fluidly communicates with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries .

In an embodiment the lubricant from at least one of the plurality of sub oil galleries is discharged onto an input shaft and an output shaft through an oil jet.

In an embodiment an oil shower in the transmission, wherein the oil shower is in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries to discharge predetermined amount of lubricant on gears in the transmission.

In an embodiment a piston cooling jet in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries, the piston cooling jet is adapted to dissipate heat from piston .

In an embodiment an oil pressure switch is configured to check and measure oil pressure in oil circuit and gives input to engine control unit (ECU).

In an embodiment at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries is fluidly connected to an intake rocker arm and a cup is positioned in an exhaust rocker arm to receive the lubricant from the intake rocker arm.

It is to be understood that the aspects and embodiments of the disclosure described above may be used in any combination with each other. Several of the aspects and embodiments may be combined together to form a further embodiment of the disclosure.

The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING FIGURES

The novel features and characteristic of the disclosure are set forth in the appended claims. The disclosure itself, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying figures. One or more embodiments are now described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying figures wherein like reference numerals represent like elements and in which:

Figure. 1 illustrates a schematic sectional view of an integrated powertrain for a vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure. 2 illustrates sectional front view of the integrated powertrain of Figure. 1.

Figure. 3 illustrates sectional perspective view of the Figure. 1 showing the lubrication oil path to various parts of the power train, in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.

Figure. 4 illustrates a perspective view of the lubrication system showing the main oil gallery and sub oil galleries in accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure. 5 illustrates another sectional perspective view of the integrated powertrain of figure. 1 illustrating a crankshaft and a crankshaft cavity.

Figure. 6 illustrates a sectional view of the integrated powertrain of figure. 1 illustrating a crankshaft and a crankshaft cavity.

Figure. 7 illustrates a top perspective view of integrated powertrain of figure. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure. 8 illustrates yet another perspective view of integrated powertrain of figure. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 9 illustrates the top view of rocker arm assembly showing the intake and exhaust rocker arm and flow of lubricant from intake to exhaust rocker arm in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 10 illustrates the perspective view of rocker arm assembly showing the intake and exhaust rocker arm in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The figures depict embodiments of the disclosure for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The foregoing has broadly outlined the features and technical advantages of the present disclosure in order that the detailed description of the disclosure that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be described hereinafter which form the subject of the claims of the disclosure. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the conception and specific embodiment disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other mechanism for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. It should also be realized by those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims. The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of the disclosure, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description only and is not intended as a definition of the limits of the present disclosure.

Accordingly, the present disclosure discloses a lubrication system for an integrated powertrain of a vehicle is disclosed. The lubrication system for an integrated powertrain of a vehicle comprising an engine , a transmission , a differential system integrated within a crankcase housing , the system comprising a low pressure oil pump disposed in a dry sump area of the integrated powertrain , wherein the dry sump area is configured to receive and store the lubricant and the low pressure oil pump is configured to pump the lubricant from the dry sump area to a wet sump area of the integrated powertrain . A high-pressure oil pump disposed in fluid communication with the wet sump area , wherein the high-pressure oil pump is mounted on a same shaft of the low-pressure oil pump ; and a main oil gallery disposed in fluid communication with the high-pressure oil pump , wherein the main oil gallery is configured to supply lubricant from the high-pressure oil pump to a plurality of sub-oil galleries for lubricating the engine , the transmission, and the differential system of the integrated powertrain. An oil filter between the high-pressure oil pump and the main oil gallery. The plurality of sub-oil galleries are defined in each of a crankcase housing, a crankcase cover, a cylinder block and a cylinder head. The main oil gallery is connected to the plurality of sub-oil galleries through one or more pipes. The dry sump area and the wet sump area are divided by a patriation wall. The shaft accommodating the low-pressure oil pump and a high-pressure oil pump is mounted parallel to a crankshaft axis and is driven by a balancer shaft. A cavity defined in the crankshaft, wherein the cavity fluidly communicates with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries. The lubricant from at least one of the plurality of sub oil galleries is discharged onto an input shaft and an output shaft through an oil jet. An oil shower in the transmission, wherein the oil shower is in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries to discharge predetermined amount of lubricant on gears in the transmission. A piston cooling jet in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries, the piston cooling jet is adapted to dissipate heat from piston. An oil pressure switch is configured to check and measure oil pressure in oil circuit and gives input to engine control unit. At least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries is fluidly connected to an intake rocker arm and a cup is positioned in an exhaust rocker arm to receive the lubricant from the intake rocker arm

A lubrication system for an integrated powertrain of a vehicle according to embodiments of the present disclosure may be employed in any vehicles such as passenger vehicles and commercial vehicles including vans, light commercial vehicles, rickshaws, and the like.

The terms “comprises”, “comprising”, or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an assembly, device or method that comprises a list of components or steps does not include only those components or steps but may include other components or steps not expressly listed or inherent to such setup or device or method. In other words, one or more elements in a system or apparatus proceeded by “comprises… a” does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the system or apparatus.

In the following description, the words such as upper, lower, front and rear are referred with respect to particular orientation of the assembly as illustrated in drawings of the present disclosure. The words are used to explain the aspects of the present disclosure and for better understanding. However, one should not construe such terms as limitation to the present disclosure, since the terms may interchange based on the orientation of the assembly.

Henceforth, the present disclosure is explained with the help of figures of integrated powertrain. However, such exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art can envisage various such embodiments without deviating from scope of the present disclosure. In the figures, the integrated powertrain is shown for a commercial vehicle and the same is included for the purpose of simplicity. Such illustration should not be considered as a limitation to the present disclosure.

The present disclosure relates to a novel lubrication system for an integrated powertrain with a single cylinder SI engine. In the present disclosure, same lubricant such as oil is used for the lubrication of engine and gearbox components. In the present disclosure, lubrication system has been optimised and designed suitably to reduce losses and to function in very efficient way. In the present disclosure, the oil and lubricant are interchangeably used.

Figure. 1 is an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, which illustrates perspective view of an integrated powertrain (100) for a vehicle. The integrated powertrain (100) of a vehicle may include an engine (102), a transmission (103), a differential system integrated within a crankcase housing (104) among other components. The lubrication system is configured to supply lubricant such as oil each component of the integrated powertrain (100). The lubrication system comprises a low-pressure oil pump (1) disposed in a dry sump area (A) of the integrated powertrain (100). The dry sump area (A) is configured to receive and store the lubricant and the low-pressure oil pump (1) is configured to pump the lubricant from the dry sump area (A) to a wet sump area (B) of the integrated powertrain (100). A high-pressure oil pump (2) disposed in fluid communication with the wet sump area (B), wherein the high-pressure oil pump (2) is mounted on a same shaft of the low-pressure oil pump (1). As evident from Figure.1, lower portion of the crankcase housing (104) has been divided into two areas i.e. dry sump area (A) and wet sump area (B) divided by a partition wall (18). The transmission (103) is placed in the dry sump area (A) and the quantity of lubricant for gears is provided by means of tiny oil jets and showers. By doing so power required to run the gears is reduced and thus overall performance of powertrain may be improved. The wet sump area (B) acts like an oil storage, which supplies oil to entire powertrain for lubrication and extraction of heat. During working of the powertrain (100), heat may be generated due to friction between the number of moving parts, but not limiting to gears in the transmission assembly. In order to timely mitigate the heat generated in the powertrain (100), lubricating system is equipped in the powertrain (100) to maintain optimum operating temperature.

As illustrated in figure 2, the lubricating system mainly comprises of a pair of oil pumps (1, 2) i.e. low pressure oil pump (1) and a high pressure oil pump (2), which are mounted on the same axis and driven by a water pump (17) driving shaft, which is mounted parallel to a balancer shaft (114), inside the crankcase housing (104). In an embodiment, adopting common pump driving shaft eliminates the requirement of separate driving shaft for the both oil pump (1,2) and water pump (17). This results in minimum space consumption inside the crankcase housing (104) and contribute in optimising the size of the powertrain (100). The water pump (17) is optimized to give efficient cooling to the engine, such that it operates in optimum zone of temperature for better fuel consumption. The low pressure oil pump (1) also referred as scavenging pump may be adapted to pump oil from a dry sump area (A) to a wet sump area (B), whereas the high pressure oil pump (2) is adapted to pump oil form wet sump area (B) to a lubrication arrangement. The dry sump area (A) and the wet sump area (B) are divided by a patriation wall (18). Since, the transmission (103) operates in dry sump area (A), it avoids churning losses and thus improves fuel economy.

In an embodiment, as shown in figure 3 the lubrication system may include plurality of fluid lines (19) such as main oil gallery and a plurality of sub-oil galleries (21) for carrying the lubricant to various moving parts, in order to dissipate heat generated, which aids in improving efficiency of the powertrain (100). The high pressure oil pump (2) pump’s oil from wet sump area (B) and to send the pressurized oil to an oil filter (3), where oil gets filtered and unwanted foreign particles are filtered. A pressure relief valve (5) is positioned in the wet sump area (B) so that if the oil pressure builds above certain level then the pressure relief valve (5) gets opened and some oil may released through it and prevents the damage to oil pump/ oil circuit

As shown in figure 4, a main oil gallery (20) is disposed in fluid communication with the high-pressure oil pump (2), wherein the main oil gallery (20) is configured to supply lubricant from the high-pressure oil pump (2) to a plurality of sub-oil galleries (21) for lubricating the engine (102), the transmission (103) and the differential system of the integrated powertrain (100). The plurality of sub-oil galleries (21) are defined in each of a crankcase housing (104), a crankcase cover (104a), a cylinder block and a cylinder. The main oil gallery (20) is connected to the plurality of sub-oil galleries (21) through one or more pipes (22).

The lubricant from sub oil galleries (21) are discharged to an input shaft (6) and an output shaft (7) through an oil jet (10). An oil shower (8) is provided in the transmission (103), and is disposed in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries (21) to discharge predetermined amount of lubricant on gears in the transmission (103). The lubricant after lubrication of the transmission (103) may be accumulated in dry sump area (A) which is recirculated to the wet sump area (B) by means of low pressure pump (1) as explained in the above paragraph.

As shown in figure 5 and 6, the crankcase housing (104) may be configured mainly to accommodate a crankshaft (9), transmission assembly and other subsidiary components, which assist in smooth operation of the powertrain (100). The crankshaft (9) is made in three pieces and configured to support an integral connecting rod (106) a flywheel magneto (11) and a balancer shaft drive gear at one end and a input drive gear. The balancer shaft drive gear accommodated at one end of the crankshaft (9), may be configured to drive the balancer shaft (105), which is mounted parallel to the crankshaft (9). The balancer shaft (105) balances reciprocating mass, in order to enable engine’s smooth operation. This arrangement of the components on the crankshaft (9) helps in forming an integrated connecting rod (106), in which needle bearing may be used at a bigger end to reduce frictional losses in the crank train. The crankcase case housing (104) is also, defined with a common provision for filling the oil and accommodating a dipstick (107). As an example, the dip stick (107) may be used for determining the oil level inside the tank. A cavity (9a) is defined in the crankshaft (9), wherein the cavity (9a) fluidly communicates with at least one of the plurality of sub-oil galleries (21) and the lubricant is received by the cavity (9a) which is configured to lubricate a crankshaft pin, a needle bearing, and a flywheel magneto (11) though centrifugal action.

As illustrated in figure 5, due to the centrifugal action, oil reaches to crankshaft pin and lubricates the needle bearing at big end of connecting rod (116). As shown in figure 6, through a small opening (10) and a spline arrangement, the oil reaches to flywheel magneto (11), where it extracts access heat and provides desired cooling. The powertrain (100) is additionally configured with cooling system for flywheel magneto (11), which uses lubricating oil as cooling medium. An oil jet (10) from the crankcase housing (104) enters a cavity in the crankshaft (9), which is defined along the axis of the crankshaft (9). The oil inside the cavity traverses on to the magneto (11), with the aid of centrifugal force generated due to rotation of the crankshaft (9). A piston cooling jet (12) may be adapted to dissipate heat from piston , in order to provide optimum cooling, which results in reducing knocking phenomenon in the engine. An oil pressure switch (13) is also provided to measure oil pressure in circuit and gives input to engine control unit (ECU).

Further, the oil from the main gallery (20) is discharged to an intake rocker arm (14) through sub galleries (21) as shown in figure 7, 9 and 10. The oil travels through the intake rocker arm (14) and by gravity is collected in a cup (16) positioned in an exhaust rocker arm (15). A hole is defined in between the intake rocker arm (14) and the cup (16), so that the oil travels from the intake rocker arm (14) to the cup (16). The engine (102) is inclined at a pre-determined angle with respect to a longitudinal axis of a powertrain (100) of the vehicle. As an example, the predetermined angle may be in the range of around 8 degrees to 12 degrees. Due to the inclination of the engine (102), an oil splash enters in exhaust rocker arm (15). The oil collected in the cup (16) makes exhaust rocker shaft lubricated and lubricant which comes out from hole in exhaust rocker arm (15), lubricates the roller of exhaust rocker arm.

Thus, the present disclosure provides the lubrication of engine and transmission system of an integrated powertrain suitably. The oil is collected from crankcase housing and pumped to oil galleries provisioned in crankcase housing, crankcase covers, cylinder block and cylinder head. The oil is discharged to input shaft, output shaft, oil shower bath for gears, oil jet to crankshaft, piston-cooling jet and two rocker shafts in cylinder head. The present disclosure involves two different oil pumps for oil flow in the lubrication circuit. The performance parameters of both pumps are optimized suited to the requirements. The primary pump, also called as scavenging pump, collects oil from crankcase housing and delivers to wet sump. Further, oil is pumped through a high-pressure oil pump to oil galleries. Both pumps are mounted on same axis and given power through a single gear driven from balancer shaft. Oil flows through the oil circuits, supplying oil for desired lubrication and cooling effects. This complete circuit is optimized to have minimum losses.

Thus, the present disclosure provides a novel lubrication system where the lubrication of engine and gear box components with same lubricating oil being used for it. The lubrication system has been optimized and designed suitably to reduce losses and to function in very efficient way.

It is to be understood that, the configuration of the lubrication system illustrated in figures and configuration of mechanism are exemplary configurations. One skilled in the art may use a different mechanism and such variations may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, it is intended that the present disclosure covers such modifications and variations provided they come within the ambit of the appended claims and their equivalents. However, one should not consider such application as limitation to the present disclosure.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
100 Integrated Powertrain
101 Lubrication system
102 Engine
103 Transmission
104 Crankcase Housing
104a Crank case cover
105 Balancer shaft
106 Connecting rod
107 Dipstick
A Dry sump area
B Wet sump area
1 Low Pressure Pump
2 High Pressure oil pump
3 Oil filter
4 Oil pump shaft
5 Pressure relief valve
6 Input shaft
7 Output shaft
8 Oil shower
9 Crankshaft
9a Crankshaft cavity
10 Oil jet
11 Flywheel Magneto
12 Piston cooling jet
13 Oil pressure switch
14 Intake rocker arm
15 Exhaust rocker arm
16 Cup for oil collection in exhaust rocker arm
17 Water Pump
18 Partition Wall
20 Mail Oil Gallery
21 Sub Oil Galleries

Equivalents:
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.

The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

Throughout this specification the word “comprise”, or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps.

The use of the expression “at least” or “at least one” suggests the use of one or more elements or ingredients or quantities, as the use may be in the embodiment of the disclosure to achieve one or more of the desired objects or results.

Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles and the like that has been included in this specification is solely for the purpose of providing a context for the disclosure. It is not to be taken as an admission that any or all of these matters form a part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the disclosure as it existed anywhere before the priority date of this application.

The numerical values mentioned for the various physical parameters, dimensions or quantities are only approximations and it is envisaged that the values higher/lower than the numerical values assigned to the parameters, dimensions or quantities fall within the scope of the disclosure, unless there is a statement in the specification specific to the contrary.

While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the particular features of this disclosure, it will be appreciated that various modifications can be made, and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the disclosure. These and other modifications in the nature of the disclosure or the preferred embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the disclosure and not as a limitation.