Claims:We Claim

1. A master cylinder assembly (1000) for braking system of a vehicle comprising:
? a master cylinder housing (100),
? brake actuating levers (300 and 400),
? an arm (400BA) of rear brake actuating lever (400),
? a pivoting pin (500),
? tension springs (30 and 40),
? actuating cables (700 and 800), and
? a brake fluid reservoir (900),
wherein, the master cylinder housing (100) is configured to have
- hollow chambers (10 and 20) carved therein, said hollow chambers (10 and 20) accommodate movable pistons (10A and 20A) and return springs (10B and 20B),
- projecting filler unions (10C and 20C), said filler unions open into the hollow chambers (10 and 20);
- outlet ports (10D and 20D), said outlet ports open into the hollow chambers (10 and 20) and connect the hollow chambers (10 and 20) to a hydraulic brake (2000 and 3000) via hydraulic lines (2000A and 3000A);
- projections (200A, 200B and 200C) with openings (600A, 600B and 600C) for receiving a pivot pin (500), said pivot pin forming a common pivoting axis (P1) for a front brake actuating lever (300) between the projection (200A) and the projection (200B); and for a rear brake actuating lever (400) between the projection (200B) and the projection (200C);
- an arm (200BA) integral with projection (200B), said arm receives the front brake actuating cable (700) and connects it with the front brake actuating lever (300) at it one end (300A);
- an arm (200BB) integral with projection (200B), said arm receives the rear brake actuating cable (800) and connects it with the rear brake actuating lever (400) at it one end (400A).

2. The master cylinder assembly (1000) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear brake actuating lever (400) has an arm (400BA), the said arm extends to be positioned above the front brake actuating lever (300) at an optimized position between the other end (300B) and the pivoting pin (500) on the front brake actuating lever (300) within the clearance (C).

3. The master cylinder assembly (1000) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the clearance (C) between the arm (400BA) and the front brake actuating lever (300) is in the range of 0.5 to 7.0 mm.

4. The master cylinder assembly (4000) for braking system of a vehicle comprising:
? master cylinder housing (100),
? brake actuating levers (300 and 400),
? arm (300BA) of the front brake actuating lever (300),
? arm (400BA) of rear brake actuating lever (400),
? pivoting pin (500),
? tension springs (30 and 40),
? actuating cables (700 and 800), and
? a brake fluid reservoir (900),
wherein, the master cylinder housing (100) is configured to have
- hollow chambers (10 and 20) carved therein, said hollow chambers (10 and 20) accommodate movable pistons (10A and 20A) and return springs (10B and 20B);
- projecting filler unions (10C and 20C), said filler unions open into the hollow chambers (10 and 20);
- outlet ports (10D and 20D), said outlet ports open into the hollow chambers (10 and 20) and connect the hollow chambers (10 and 20) to a hydraulic brake (2000 and 3000) via hydraulic lines (2000A and 3000A);
- projections (200A, 200B and 200C) with openings (600A, 600B and 600C) for receiving a pivot pin (500), said pivot pin forming a common pivoting axis (P1) for a front brake actuating lever (300) between the projection (200A) and the projection (200B); and for a rear brake actuating lever (400) between the projection (200B) and the projection (200C);
- an arm (200BA) integral with projection (200B), said arm receives the front brake actuating cable (700) and connects it with the front brake actuating lever (300) at it one end (300A);
- an arm (200BB) integral with projection (200B), said arm receives the rear brake actuating cable (800) and connects it with the rear brake actuating lever (400) at it one end (400A);
- the front brake actuating lever (300) has an arm (300BA), the arm (300BA) extends to be positioned above the rear actuating lever (400) at an optimized position between one end (400A) and the pivoting pin (500) in such way that the arm (300BA) does not interfere with the movement of arm (400BA) of the rear brake actuating lever (400).

5. The master cylinder assembly (4000) as claimed in claim 4, wherein said arm (300BA) extends to be positioned above the front brake actuating lever (400) at a an optimized position between the other end (400B) and the pivoting pin (500) on the front brake actuating lever (400) within the clearance (C); and said arm (400BA) extends to be positioned above the front brake actuating lever (300) at an optimized position between the other end (300B) and the pivoting pin (500) on the front brake actuating lever (300) within the clearance (C).

6. The master cylinder assembly (4000) as claimed in claim 5, wherein the clearance (C) between the arm (400BA) and the front brake actuating lever (300); and between the arm (300BA) and the front brake actuating lever (400) is in the range of 0.5 to 7.0 mm.

7. The master cylinder assembly as claimed in claim 3 or 6, wherein the return springs (10B and 20B) are positioned between one end of the hollow chambers (10 and 20) and the movable pistons (10A and 20A).

8. The master cylinder assembly as claimed in claim 7, wherein the front brake actuating cable (700) is received in a slot (300AA) provided on the one end (300A) of the front brake actuating lever (300).

9. The master cylinder assembly as claimed in claim 8, wherein the end (300B) of the front brake actuating lever (300) is positioned above the movable piston (10A), and the end (400B) of the rear brake actuating lever (400) is positioned above the movable piston (20A).

10. The master cylinder assembly as claimed in claim 9, wherein the tensioner spring (30) is positioned between the arm (200BA) of the projection (200B) and the end (300A) of the front brake actuating lever (300); and the tensioner spring (40) is positioned between the arms (200BB) of the projection (200B) and the end (400A) of the rear brake actuating lever (400).

11. The master cylinder assembly as claimed in claim 10, wherein the master cylinder housing (100) is provided with a flange (110) below the projections (200A, 200B and 200C) for mounting the master cylinder assembly to the vehicle frame.

12. The master cylinder assembly (1000) as claimed in claim 11, wherein brake fluid reservoir (900) is divided into two reservoir chambers (910 and 920) by a wall (950) provided within the brake fluid reservoir (900).

13. The master cylinder assembly as claimed in claim 12, wherein the brake fluid reservoir (900) further comprises of a diaphragm seal (960) with separate bellow structures (960A and 960B) covering the reservoir chambers (910 and 920) of the fluid reservoir (900) and a top cover (990) mounted on the open end of the reservoir (900) to hold the diaphragm seal (960).

14. The master cylinder assembly as claimed in claim 13, wherein brake fluid reservoir (900) is provided with mounting means (900A an 900B) on either sides of the reservoir (900) for mounting it on the vehicle frame.

15. The master cylinder assembly as claimed in claim 14, wherein the projecting filler union (10C) is in communication with a reservoir chamber (910) of a brake fluid reservoir (900) via hydraulic line (10CA) whereas the projecting filler union (20C) is in communication with a reservoir chamber (920) of a brake fluid reservoir (900) via hydraulic line (20CA).

16. A vehicle with a braking system having the master cylinder assembly as claimed in claim 15.

Dated 15th day of September, 2020

Sahastrarashmi Pund
Head – IPR
Endurance Technologies Ltd.

To,
The Controller of Patents,
The Patent Office, at Mumbai. , Description:FORM 2
The Patent Act 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
The Patent Rules, 2005

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See Section 10 and Rule 13)

TITLE OF THE INVENTION
“MASTER CYLINDER ASSEMBLY FOR BRAKING SYSTEM OF VEHICLES”

Endurance Technologies Limited
E-92, M.I.D.C. Industrial Area, Waluj,
Aurangabad – 431136, Maharashtra, India

The following specification particularly describes and ascertains the nature of this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.
Field of Invention

[001] The present invention is related to hydraulic braking system for a vehicle. More particularly, the present invention is related to the master cylinder assembly of hydraulic braking system of two wheeled vehicle, preferably bikes and scooters, wherein the master cylinder assembly is capable of being utilized in a combined braking system of vehicles deriving benefits of compactness, better space management, improved efficiency and reduction in number of parts.

Background of the Invention

[002] A conventional combined braking system normally employs a combination of levers, master cylinders, delay valves and separate caliper pistons in front and rear wheel braking circuit to provide combined braking function with required time differential in application of front and rear wheel brakes when rear wheel brakes are applied. Such mechanisms are suited for vehicles where adequate space is available for employing them for achieving combined braking function.

[003] In the public domain variety of systems are available with varying degree of success. Document No. US6651790B2 discloses a hydraulic braking system comprising of an oil pressure balancing unit which has two primary pistons, two secondary pistons and a connecting plate wherein oil balancing unit has two openings which receive hydraulic pressure as input from two hydraulic brake actuators. Another document No. 5138/CHE/2014 describes an interlocking braking system comprising of a distribution device and said distribution device is capable of receiving input from two brake actuators and provide two braking outputs one of which is hydraulic output which operates the front wheel hydraulic brake and the other is mechanical output which operates a cable operated rear wheel mechanical brake. Even for vehicles with no space and packaging concerns, no combined braking system exits in the prior art in which a master cylinder can accept separate cable inputs from different actuating levers and provide separate hydraulic outputs with required time differential for combined braking application without utilizing an equalizer mechanism or a delay valve.

[004] Such conventional combined braking systems thus essentially require a mechanism with greater number of moving sub-components which need to be maintained in order to manage the risk of wear associated sub-component failure. Thus there exists a long pending need for a master cylinder assembly for a combined braking system that can accept different cable inputs and provide different hydraulic outputs with the required time differential while occupying lesser space and also having fewer moving sub-components.

Summary of the Invention

[005] The main object of the present invention is to provide a novel master cylinder assembly of braking system of vehicles with a unique mechanical system for operating master pistons of master cylinder assembly. In order to address the problems identified in the prior art a master cylinder assembly for braking system of motor vehicles is provided which comprises of a master cylinder housing having hollow chambers, the hollow chambers housing separate movable pistons for each such hollow chamber and separate return springs positioned between one end of the hollow chambers and the movable pistons provided therein, the master cylinder housing having projecting filler unions for each of the hollow chamber which open into the hollow chambers, separate outlet ports on the master cylinder housing which open into separate hollow chambers and connect the hollow chambers to separate hydraulic brakes via hydraulic lines provided for the same, the master cylinder housing having projections with openings for receiving a pivoting pin which functions as a common pivoting axis for front brake actuating lever and rear brake actuating lever and each such lever being received between two projections as provided on the master cylinder housing, with one of the projections on the master cylinder housing having different arms for receiving front brake actuating cable and rear brake actuating cable, and the front brake actuating cable being received on one such arm being connected with the front brake actuating lever at it one end and the rear brake actuating cable being received on the other arm connected with the rear brake actuating lever at its one end.

[006] Typically, the rear brake actuating lever on its other end has an arm which extends to be positioned above other end of the front brake actuating lever. Typically, the front brake actuating cable is received in a slot provided on the one end of the front brake actuating lever. Typically, one end of a front brake actuating lever is positioned above one of the movable piston and one end of the rear brake actuating lever is positioned above another movable piston. Typically, a tensioner spring is positioned between the arms provided on one of the projections and the one end of the front brake actuating lever and the rear brake actuating lever.

[007] Typically, a hydraulic line links the projecting filler unions to separate reservoir chambers within a brake fluid reservoir, the reservoir chambers being formed by wall provided within the brake fluid reservoir, a diaphragm seal with separate bellow structures encloses the reservoir chambers, a top cover is mounted on the open end of the reservoir to hold the diaphragm seal in its position and the brake fluid reservoir has vehicle attachment means on its side walls to allow the reservoir to be attached to the vehicle body at a suitable location on the motor vehicle body. Typically, a flange is provided on the master cylinder housing below the projections for attaching the master cylinder to the motor vehicle body.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[008] This invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, throughout which like reference letters indicate corresponding parts in the various figures. The embodiments herein and advantages thereof will be better understood from the following description when read with reference to the following drawings, wherein
Figure 1 discloses the schematic diagram of a combined braking system in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the horizontal view of the master cylinder assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed invention.
Figure 3 shows another horizontal view of the master cylinder assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed invention.
Figure 4 shows an expanded view of the projections provided on the master cylinder assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed invention
Figure 5 provides a cut section view of the master cylinder assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed invention.
Figure 6 provides another expanded view of the novel mechanism provided in the master cylinder assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed invention.
Figure 7 depicts a complete master cylinder assembly provided along with a novel reservoir as assembled in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed invention.
Figure 8 depicts a perspective view of the novel reservoir provided with the master cylinder in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed invention.
Figure 9 shows the features of the novel diaphragm seal provided in the reservoir of the master cylinder assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed invention.
Figure 10 shows a horizontal view of the master cylinder assembly in accordance with the second embodiment of the disclosed invention.
Figure 11 shows another horizontal view of the master cylinder assembly in accordance with the second embodiment of the disclosed invention.
Figure 12 shows a perspective view of the master cylinder assembly in accordance with the second embodiment of the disclosed invention.

Detailed Description of the Present Invention

[009] The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings which must not be viewed as restricting the scope and ambit of the invention. Referring figure 1 showing the schematic diagram of a combined braking system with the master cylinder assembly (1000) in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention disclosed, it can be observed that the master cylinder assembly (1000) receives at least two cable inputs via a front brake actuating cable (700) and a rear brake actuating cable (800). The front brake actuating cable (700) and the rear brake actuating cable (800) are connected to handlebar mounted brake levers as shown in figure 1 or a handlebar mounted brake lever and a brake pedal or any workable combination thereof.

[0010] The master cylinder assembly (1000) provides time differentiated outputs via a hydraulic line (2000A) and a hydraulic line (3000A) to a hydraulic brake (2000) and a hydraulic brake (3000) respectively. The time differentiated hydraulic output of the master cylinder assembly (1000) allows a hydraulic brake (2000) provided at the front of the motor vehicle to be operated with a time delay after the hydraulic brake (3000) provided at the rear of the motor vehicle is actuated by operation of a braking lever or a pedal by the rider of the motor vehicle. It may be noted that the hydraulic output coming out of the hydraulic lines (2000A, 3000A) can be routed to one or more than one front wheel hydraulic brakes and to one or more than one rear wheel hydraulic brakes respectively using known means of distributing hydraulic outputs.

[0011] Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, which disclose the invention, the master cylinder assembly (1000) in accordance with the present invention comprises of master cylinder housing (100), brake actuating levers (300 and 400), arm (400BA) of rear brake actuating lever (400), pivoting pin (500), tension springs (30 and 40) and actuating cables (700 and 800).

[0012] The master cylinder housing (100) has hollows chambers (10 and 20), which house movable pistons (10A and 20A) respectively. Return springs (10B and 20B) are positioned between one end of the hollow chambers (10 and 20) and the movable pistons (10A and 20A). The master cylinder housing (100) has two projecting filler unions (10C and 20C) which open into the hollow chambers (10 and 20), respectively. Outlet ports (10D and 20D) on the master cylinder housing (100) open into the hollow chambers (10 and 20) and connect the hollow chamber (10 and 20) to the hydraulic brakes (2000 and 3000) via the hydraulic lines (2000A and 3000A).

[0013] Referring to Figures 4 and 6 of the master cylinder assembly (1000), the master cylinder housing (100) of the master cylinder assembly (1000) is provided with projections (200A, 200B and 200C) having openings (600A, 600B and 600C) at a location close to the master cylinder housing (100). The openings (600A, 600B and 600C) receive a pivoting pin (500) which functions to provide a common pivoting axis (P1) for the front brake actuating lever (300) and a rear brake actuating lever (400). The front brake actuating lever (300) itself is received between the projection (200A) and the projection (200B) while the rear brake actuating lever (400) is received between the projection (200B) and the projection (200C) on the master cylinder housing (100). The pivoting pin (500) passes through matching openings provided in the front brake actuating lever (300) and a rear brake actuating lever (400) thereby restricting their degree of freedom to that of rotation along the common pivoting axis (P1) only. A flange (110) is also provided on the master cylinder housing (100) below the projections (200A, 200B, 200C) for attaching the master cylinder assembly (1000) to the vehicle frame.

[0014] The projection (200B) provided on the master cylinder housing (100), further has arms (200BA and 200BB) for receiving the front brake actuating cable (700) and the rear brake actuating cable (800), respectively. The front brake actuating cable (700) being received in arm (200BA) is connected with the front brake actuating lever (300) at one end (300A) and the rear brake actuating cable (800) being received in arm (200BB) is connected with the rear brake actuating lever (400) at it one end (400A).

[0015] Referring figure 2 to 6 of the master cylinder assembly (1000), the rear brake actuating lever (400) has an arm (400BA) at suitable optimized position between the pivoting pin (500) and its other end (400B) on the rear brake actuating lever (400) which extends to be positioned above the front brake actuating lever (300) at suitable optimized position between the other end (300B) and the pivoting pin (500) on the front brake actuating lever (300). There is a clearance (C) between the arm (400BA) and the front brake actuating lever (300) and said clearance (C) ranges from 0.5 mm to 7 mm for achieving ideal combined braking application. Furthermore, the front brake actuating cable (700) is received in a slot (300AA) provided on the one end (300A) of the front brake actuating lever (300). The one end (300B) of the front brake actuating lever (300) is positioned above the movable piston (10A) and the one end (400B) of the rear brake actuating lever (400) is positioned above the movable piston (20A). The tensioner springs (30 and 40) is positioned between the arms (200BA and 200BB) of the projection (200B) and the one end (300A and 400A) of the front brake actuating lever (300) and the rear brake actuating lever (400). The two ends of the tension springs (30 and 40) are received on spring seats formed respectively on the arms (200BA and 200BB) respectively, of the projection (200B) and the one end (300A and 400A) of the front brake actuating lever (300) and the rear brake actuating lever (400).

[0016] Referring figure 7, 8 and 9 of the novel reservoir provided along with the master cylinder assembly (1000) and figure 1, 2 and 3 of the master cylinder assembly (1000), the hydraulic lines (10CA and 20CA) are communicating to the projecting filler unions (10C and 20C) to the reservoir chambers (910 and 920) respectively within the brake fluid reservoir (900). The reservoir chambers (910 and 920) are formed by a wall (950) provided within the brake fluid reservoir (900). A diaphragm seal (960) with separate bellow structure (960A, 960B) encloses the reservoir chamber (910, 920) while a top cover (990) is mounted on the open end of the reservoir (900) to hold the diaphragm seal (960) in its position. Referring to Figure 8, the brake fluid reservoir (900) has mounting brackets (900A and 900B) on its side walls for mounting it on the vehicle frame at a suitable location in the close proximity of the master cylinder assembly (1000).

[0017] As far as the working of the invention is concerned, when the rider actuates the rear brake actuating lever/pedal the brake actuating cable (800) received on the one end (400A) pulls the one end (400A) of the rear brake actuating lever thereby rotating it along the common pivoting axis (P1) and causes the other end (400B) to push the movable piston (20A) against the restoring force provided by the return spring (20B) within the hollow chamber (20) in the master cylinder housing (100). This in turn causes displacement of braking fluid from the hollow chamber (20) via the outlet port (20D) into the hydraulic line (3000A) and then into the hydraulic brake (3000) thereby causing application of brake in the vehicle. When the rider releases the rear brake actuating lever/pedal, the restoring force provided by the return spring (20B) causes the movable piston (20A) to return to its original position. The braking fluid displaced to the hydraulic brake (3000) returns to the hollow chamber (20) via the hydraulic line (3000A) and the outlet port (20D). The tension spring (40) restores and maintains the tension in the rear brake actuating cable (800) preventing its unintended free movement unless the rear brake actuating lever/pedal is operated by the rider.

[0018] At this time when the rider is actuating the rear brake actuating lever/pedal, the arm (400BA) on the one end (400A) which extends to be positioned above the front brake actuating lever (300) moves and comes in contact with the front brake actuating lever (300), at suitable optimized position in clearance (C) (refer figure 6) causing the other end (300B) of the front brake actuating lever (300) to push the movable piston (10A) into the hollow chamber (10). This in turn causes displacement of braking fluid from the hollow chamber (10) via the outlet port (10D) into the hydraulic line (2000A) and then into the hydraulic brake (2000) thereby causing application of brake few moments after the application of the hydraulic brake (3000). The time lag of few moments is associated with the clearance (C). When the rider releases the rear brake actuating lever/pedal the restoring force provided by the return spring (10B) causes the movable piston (10A) to return to its original position. The braking fluid displaced to the hydraulic brake (2000) returns to the hollow chamber (10) via the hydraulic line (2000A) and the outlet port (10D).

[0019] The slot (300AA) allows the one end of the front brake actuating cable (700) received within it to slide freely within the slot (300AA) when the arm (400BA) is pushing the other end (300B) (i.e. when the rider has actuated the rear brake actuating lever/pedal). The tension spring (30) maintains the tension in the front brake actuating cable (700) preventing its unintended free movement unless the front brake actuating lever/pedal is operated by the rider. The distance provided as clearance (C) (refer figure 6) between the arm (400BA) and the front brake actuating lever (300) determines the amount of time delay between the application of the hydraulic brake (2000) when rider actuates the rear brake actuating lever/pedal for operating the hydraulic brake (3000). This clearance (C) between the arm (400BA) and the front brake actuating lever (300) is optimizedly kept in the range of 0.5 mm to 7 mm for achieving ideal combined braking application.

[0020] When the rider actuates the front brake actuating lever/pedal the front brake actuating cable (700) received in the slot (300AA) pulls the one end (300A) of the brake actuating lever (300) thereby rotating it along the common pivoting axis (P1) and causes the other end (300B) to push the movable piston (10A) against the restoring force provided by the return spring (10B) within the hollow chamber (10) in the master cylinder housing (100). This in turn causes displacement of braking fluid from the hollow chamber (10) via the outlet port (10D) into the hydraulic line (2000A) and then into the hydraulic brake (2000) thereby causing its application. When the rider releases the front brake actuating lever/pedal the restoring force provided by the return spring (10B) causes the movable piston (10A) to return to its position. The braking fluid displaced to the hydraulic brake (2000) returns to the hollow chamber (10) via the hydraulic line (2000A) and the outlet port (10D). The tension spring (30) restores and maintains the tension in the front brake actuating cable (700) preventing its unintended free movement unless the front brake actuating lever/pedal is operated by the rider.

[0021] Referring to Figs. 10 to 12, in another embodiment of the invention the master cylinder assembly (4000) comprises of master cylinder housing (100), brake actuating levers (300 and 400), arm (300BA) of the front brake actuating lever (300), arm (400BA) of rear brake actuating lever (400), pivoting pin (500), tension springs (30 and 40) and actuating cables (700 and 800). The front brake actuating lever (300) also has an arm (300BA) at a suitable optimized position between the pivoting pin (500) and the other end (300B) on the front brake actuating lever (300) which is positioned on the rear brake actuating lever (400) at a suitable optimized position between the pivoting pin (500) and the other end (400B) on the rear brake actuating lever (400). The arm (300BA) of the front brake actuating lever (300) and the arm (400BA) of the rear brake actuating lever (400) are spaced cleverly from each other so as to ensure free movement of levers (300 and 400) when they operate independently. The clearance (C) as provided between the arm (400BA) and the front brake actuating lever (300) (which is kept in the range of 0.5 mm to 7 mm) is replicated for the arm (300BA) and the rear brake actuating lever (400) as well.

[0022] The rest of the constructional features of master cylinder assembly (4000) and the master cylinder assembly (1000) have matching construction across the embodiments described and are therefore similarly numbered. The brake fluid reservoir (900) and the hydraulic lines (10CA and 20CA) as provided for the master cylinder assembly (1000) are a part of master cylinder assembly (4000) as well.

[0023] As far as the working of the this embodiment is concerned, the actuation of the front brake actuating lever/pedal by the rider causes the front brake actuating cable (700) to pull on the one end (300A). This in turn causes the front brake actuating lever (300) to rotate about the pivoting pin (500) causing the other end (300B) to push the movable piston (10A) within the hollow chamber (10). At this time, the arm (300BA) after covering the clearance between it and the rear brake actuating lever (400) comes in contact with the rear brake actuating lever (400) and then any further movement of the front brake actuating lever (300) is replicated by the rear brake actuating lever (400) as well. The other end (400B) thereafter pushes the movable piston (20A) within the hollow chamber (20). It must be noted that given that there is a clearance (C) between the arm (300BA) and the rear brake actuating lever (400) and also the arm (400BA) and the front brake actuating lever (300), complete actuation of the front/rear brake lever/pedal does not cause the complete application of the rear/front wheel brake and vice versa. Furthermore, there is always a time delay between actuation of the hydraulic brakes (2000 and 3000) which is dependent on the clearance (C) that is provided.

[0024] The rest of the constructional features of master cylinder assembly (4000) and the master cylinder assembly (1000) have matching way of functioning across the embodiments described and are therefore similarly numbered. The brake fluid reservoir (900) and the hydraulic lines (10CA and 20CA) as provided for the master cylinder assembly (1000) are a part of master cylinder assembly (4000) as well.

[0025] With this construction it is therefore possible for the rider to actuate either the front or the rear brake actuating lever/pedal to cause the operation of both the hydraulic brakes (2000 and 3000). The clearance (C) ensures a time delay between application of the hydraulic brake (2000 and 3000) when either of the front or the rear brake actuating lever/pedal is actuated.

[0026] The master cylinder assembly (1000) having two hydraulic braking circuits provides additional advantage of improving the safety as even if one hydraulic circuit gets drained of hydraulic fluid due to any damage, irregular maintenance and/or negligence at users end, the other hydraulic circuit will still remain operational thereby providing sufficient braking for safely operating the vehicle.

[0027] The technical advancements and advantages derived from the novel features of the master cylinder assembly of the present disclosure are as follows:
- The master cylinder assembly can receive two cable inputs and provide two hydraulic outputs with a time differential required for safe combined braking operation.
- The master cylinder assembly has less moving parts than any comparable prior art master cylinder assembly performing the same combined braking function, leading to compact system and weight reduction.
- The master cylinder assembly of the invention requires less space as compared to any of the prior art combined braking systems, thus addressing the issue of space management.
- Since the master cylinder assembly of the invention has less number of moving parts, it is very easy for the maintenance and requires less maintenance as compared to the prior art braking systems.
- It improves the safety of the rider / end user.
- The assembly makes the user to reduce the length of actuation cable, thus leading to effective braking in the vehicle.
- The master cylinder assembly of the invention effectively facilitates the use of single piston caliper in the combined braking system in place of two or three piston calipers at the wheel hub level.
- The assembly of the invention is capable of providing a different range of minimum and maximum brake fluid pressures for front and rear wheel hydraulic brakes depending upon whether the rider has chosen to apply the front or the rear brake actuating lever/pedal.

[0028] The master cylinder assembly of the invention thus overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art master cylinder assemblies making the assembly of the invention compact, safer, reliable, more resilient, easily maintainable and cost effective.

[0029] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.