DESC:FORM 2
The Patent Act 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
The Patent Rules, 2005

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(SEE SECTION 10 AND RULE 13)

TITLE OF THE INVENTION

“SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR LUBRICATING CONNECTING ROD SMALL END BEARING IN AN ENGINE”

APPLICANT:

Name Nationality Address

Mahindra & Mahindra Limited India
Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd., MRV, Mahindra World City (MWC), Plot No. 41/1, Anjur Post, Chengalpattu, Kanchipuram District – 603204 (TN) INDIA

The following specification particularly describes and ascertains the nature of this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed:-
TECHNICAL FIELD
[001] The embodiments herein generally relate to lubrication of bearings in engines and more particularly, but not exclusively to lubrication of connecting rod small end bearing in engines.

BACKGROUND
[002] Generally, a connecting rod is a component of an engine used for connecting a piston to a crankshaft and thereby transforming the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshaft. The connecting rod has a small end that is connected to the piston and a big end that is connected to the crankshaft. The small end of the connecting rod is connected to the piston through a gudgeon pin or piston pin with a bearing positioned in between the small end of the connecting rod and the gudgeon pin or piston pin.
[003] In engines without piston cooling jets, connecting rod small end bearing is lubricated by splash lubrication in which oil holes and truncated shape of connecting rod facilitates the small end bearing lubrication. However, sufficient amount of oil doesn’t reach the connecting rod small end bearing to remove all the heat produced due to friction. This leads to overheating of the gudgeon pin or piston pin and wear and tear of the bearing provided at the small end of the connecting rod and thereby resulting in bearing failure.
[004] Therefore, there exists a need for a lubrication system and a method for efficiently lubricating at least one bearing provided at a small end of a connecting rod in an engine. Further, there exists a need for a method and a lubrication system in an engine that can eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks.

OBJECTS
[005] The principal object of the embodiments of this invention is to provide a lubrication system for efficiently lubricating at least one bearing provided at a small end of a connecting rod (at least one connecting rod) in an engine.
[006] Another object of the embodiments of this invention is to provide a method for efficiently lubricating at least one bearing provided at a small end of a connecting rod (at least one connecting rod) in an engine.
[007] Another object of the embodiments of this invention is to provide a method for reducing wear and tear of at least one bearing provided at a small end of a connecting rod (at least one connecting rod) in an engine.
[008] Yet, another object of the embodiments of this invention is to provide a lubrication system for preventing overheating of at least one piston pin in an engine.
[009] A further object of the embodiments of this invention is to provide a method for preventing overheating of at least one piston pin in an engine.
[0010] The objects of the embodiments herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the embodiments herein without departing from the spirit thereof, and the embodiments herein include all such modifications.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0011] The embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, throughout which like reference letters indicate corresponding parts in the various figures. The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following description with reference to the drawings, in which:
[0012] FIG. 1 depicts a cross-sectional view of a portion of an engine, according to a first embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein;
[0013] FIG. 2 depicts a cross-sectional view of a piston of the engine, according to the first embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein;
[0014] FIG. 3 depicts a cross-sectional view of a piston pin of the engine, according to the first embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein;
[0015] FIG. 4 depicts a top view of the piston pin of the engine, according to the first embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein;
[0016] FIG. 5 depicts a side view of a connecting rod of the engine, according to the first embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein;
[0017] FIG. 6 depicts a cross-sectional view of a portion of an engine, according to a second embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein;
[0018] FIG. 7 depicts a cross-sectional view of a piston of the engine, according to the second embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein;
[0019] FIG. 8 depicts a cross-sectional view of a piston pin of the engine, according to the second embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein;
[0020] FIG. 9 depicts a top view of the piston pin of the engine, according to the second embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein;
[0021] FIG. 10 depicts a side view of a connecting rod of the engine, according to the second embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein;
[0022] FIG. 11 depicts a flow chart showing the steps of a method for lubricating at least one bearing in a connecting rod of an engine, according to the first embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein; and
[0023] FIG. 12 depicts a flow chart showing the steps of a method for lubricating at least one bearing in a connecting rod of an engine, according to the second embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
[0025] The embodiments herein achieve a lubrication system and a method that can efficiently lubricate at least one bearing provided at a small end of a connecting rod (at least one connecting rod) in an engine. Further, embodiments herein achieve a lubrication system and a method for preventing overheating of at least one piston pin and wear and tear of at least one bearing provided at the small end of the connecting rod (at least one connecting rod) in the engine. Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIGS. 1 through 10, where similar reference characters denote corresponding features consistently throughout the figures, there are shown embodiments.
[0026] FIG. 1 depicts a cross-sectional view of an engine 100 according to a first embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein. In the first embodiment, the lubrication system 10 in an engine 100 includes at least one piston 102 (as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2), at least one piston pin 104 (as shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 4), at least one connecting rod 106 (as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 5), at least one bearing 108, at least one cylinder 110, at least one crankshaft (not shown), a lubrication oil (not shown), a plurality of circlips (not shown) and a crankcase (not shown). In an embodiment, the lubrication system 10 in the engine 100 facilitates lubrication of at least one bearing 108 provided at the small end of the connecting rod 106. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to practice/implement the lubrication system 10 in the engine 100 for lubricating at least one bearing provided at the small end of the connecting rod (at least one connecting rod) in a reciprocating compressor and the like or any other systems/devices having pistons, pistons pins and bearings provided at the small end of the connecting rods without otherwise deterring the intended function of the lubrication system 10 in the engine 100 as can be deduced from the description.
[0027] In an embodiment, the piston 102 includes a plurality of grooves 102a (as shown in fig. 2), a plurality of rings 102b (as shown in fig. 1), a plurality of channels 102c (as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2) and an opening 102h (as shown in fig. 2). In an embodiment, the piston 102 is provided inside the cylinder 110 of the engine 100 and is operatively connected to the crankshaft (not shown) through the connecting rod 106. The piston 102 is adapted to slide inside the cylinder 110 to compress the air/air-fuel mixture (not shown) entering the cylinder 110 and to provide motion to the crankshaft (not shown) during combustion in the engine 100. In an embodiment, the plurality of grooves 102a are used to mount the plurality of rings 102b. In an embodiment, the plurality of rings 102b are used to seal the combustion chamber (not shown) from the crankcase (not shown) of the engine 100 and to facilitate heat transfer from the piston 102 to the cylinder 110 and to regulate consumption of lubrication oil (not shown) in the engine 100. In an embodiment, the plurality of rings 102b includes at least one compression ring 102d (as shown in fig. 1) and at least one oil control ring 102e (as shown in fig. 1). Further, in an embodiment, the plurality of grooves 102a includes at least one groove 102f (as shown in fig. 2) adapted to receive the compression ring 102d and at least one groove 102g (as shown in fig. 2) adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e. In an embodiment, the plurality of channels 102c is adapted to receive the lubrication oil of the engine 100. In an embodiment, the plurality of channels 102c are provided in fluid communication with the groove 102g adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to provide the piston 102 with at least one channel 102c to receive the lubrication oil of the engine 100 or to provide the piston 102 with at least one channel 102c in fluid communication with the groove 102g adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e without otherwise deterring the intended function of the plurality of channels 102c of the piston 102 of the engine 100 as can be deduced from the description. In an embodiment, the opening 102h is used for receiving the piston pin 104, thereby facilitating the assembly of piston 102 and the connecting rod 106. The piston 102 is provided inside the cylinder 110.
[0028] In an embodiment, the piston pin 104 includes a first end 104a (as shown in fig. 4), a second end 104b (as shown in fig. 4), a plurality of inlet openings 104c (as shown in fig. 3) and a plurality of outlet openings 104d (as shown in fig. 3). The piston pin 104 is used to connect the connecting rod 106 and the piston 102. In an embodiment, the plurality of inlet openings 104c is adapted to facilitate the flow of lubrication oil from the channels 102c to the piston pin 104. In an embodiment, the plurality of outlet openings 104d is adapted to facilitate the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 104 to the bearing 108. In an embodiment, the first end 104a and the second end 104b of the piston pin 104 are closed thereby the piston pin 104 prevents the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 104 through the first end 104a and the second end 104b, thereby the piston pin 104 acts as a lubrication oil reservoir. In an embodiment, the inlet openings 104c of the piston pin 104 is provided in fluid communication with the channels 102c and the outlet openings 104d is provided in fluid communication with the bearing 108. In an embodiment, the piston pin 104 is locked with the piston 102 through the plurality of circlips (not shown) to prevent any relative movement between the piston pin 104 and the piston 102, thereby the inlet openings 104c of the piston pin 104 is in fluid communication with the channels 102c of the piston 102 and the outlet openings 104d of the piston pin 104 is in fluid communication with the bearing 108. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to provide any other locking elements for locking the piston pin 104 with the piston 102 to prevent any relative movement between the piston pin 104 and the piston 102 without otherwise deterring the intended function of the plurality of circlips (not shown) as can be deduced from the description. The piston pin 104 is received by the piston 102, the connecting rod 106 and the bearing 108.
[0029] In an embodiment, the connecting rod 106 is used to operatively connect the piston 102 with the crankshaft (not shown). In an embodiment, the connecting rod 106 includes a small end 106a (as shown in fig. 5) and a big end (not shown). The small end 106a of the connecting rod 106 is connected with the piston 102 and the big end of the connecting rod 106 is connected with the crankshaft. The small end 106a of the connecting rod 106 includes an opening 106b (as shown in fig. 5) adapted to receive the bearing 108 and the piston pin 104.
[0030] In an embodiment, the bearing 108 is used to reduce the rotational friction between the connecting rod 106 and the piston pin 104 and to support the load. In an embodiment, the bearing 108 includes a groove (not shown) for receiving the lubrication oil from the outlet openings 104d of the piston pin 104 to lubricate the bearing 108. In an embodiment, the groove (not shown) of the bearing 108 is provided in fluid communication with the outlet openings 104d of the piston pin 104. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to provide the bearing 108 without the groove (not shown). The bearing 108 is received/assembled in the opening 106b in the small end 106a of the connecting rod 106.
[0031] The cylinder 110 is the central working part of the engine 100 in which the piston 102 reciprocates during the operation of the engine 100.
[0032] The crankshaft (not shown) is used to convert reciprocating motion of the piston 102 into rotary motion during the operation of the engine 100.
[0033] The lubricating oil (not shown) is used for lubricating the bearing 108 and other moving parts of the engine 100.
[0034] The plurality of circlips (not shown) is used for locking the piston pin 104 with the piston 102 to prevent any relative movement between the piston pin 104 and the piston 102.
[0035] The crankcase (not shown) is used for covering the crankshaft (not shown) of the engine 100.
[0036] The assembly of lubrication system 10 in the engine 100 is explained as follows. The piston pin 104 is assembled with one circlip (not shown) to the corresponding portion (not shown) of the piston pin 104. The bearing 108 is assembled in the opening 106b in the small end 106a of the connecting rod 106. The small end 106a of the connecting rod 106 is positioned inside the piston 102 such that the opening 106b of the connecting rod 106 is parallel to the opening 102h of the piston 102. Thereafter, the piston pin 104 is inserted/assembled into the opening 102h of the piston 102 and into the opening 106b of the connecting rod 106 that is assembled with the bearing 108. The piston pin 104 is assembled in such a way that the inlet openings 104c of the piston pin 104 is provided in fluid communication with the channels 102c of the piston 102 and the outlet openings 104d of the piston pin 104 is provided in fluid communication with the groove 108a of the bearing 108. Thereafter, the piston pin 104 is locked with the piston 102 through another circlip or snap ring (not shown) assembled to corresponding portion (not shown) of the piston pin 104 to prevent any relative movement between the piston pin 104 and the piston 102, thereby the inlet openings 104c of the piston pin 104 is in fluid communication with the channels 102c of the piston 102 and the outlet openings 104d of the piston pin 104 is in fluid communication with the groove 108a of the bearing 108.
[0037] FIG. 11 depicts a flow chart showing the steps of a method 30 for lubricating at least one bearing 108 in a connecting rod 106 of an engine 100, according to the first embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein. The method 30 for lubricating at least one bearing 108 in a connecting rod 106 of an engine 100 is explained as follows, the method 30 comprising, providing a piston 102 of an engine 100 with a groove 102g adapted to receive an oil control ring 102e of the piston 102 and a lubrication oil of the engine 100 step 32; providing the piston 102 of the engine 100 with at least one channel 102c in fluid communication with the groove 102g adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e of the piston 102 and the lubrication oil of the engine 100 step 34; and providing a piston pin 104 of the engine 100 with at least one inlet opening 104c in fluid communication with the channel 102c of the piston 102 for receiving the lubrication oil into the piston pin 104, at least one outlet opening 104d in fluid communication with a bearing 108 for providing the lubrication oil to the bearing 108 from the piston pin 104, a closed first end 104a and a closed second end 104b step 36; the step 36 of providing the inlet opening 104c of the piston pin 104 in fluid communication with the channel 102c of the piston 102 and the outlet opening 104d of the piston pin 104 in fluid communication with the bearing 108 comprises the method step of locking the piston pin 104 with the piston 102 through a plurality of circlips (not shown) to prevent the movement between the piston pin 104 and the piston 102; and the step 36 providing the outlet opening 104d of the piston pin 104 in fluid communication with the bearing 108 includes providing the outlet opening 104d of the piston pin 104 in fluid communication with at least one groove (not shown) of the bearing 108.
[0038] The working of the lubrication system 10 in the engine 100 in conjunction with the method 30 for lubricating at least one bearing 108 in the connecting rod 106 of the engine 100 is explained as follows. During the operation of the engine 100, the lubrication oil enters the channels 102c of the piston 102 through the groove 102g adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e. Thereafter, the lubrication oil from the channels 102c of the piston 102 enters the piston pin 102 through the inlet openings 104c of the piston pin 104. Thereafter, the lubrication oil from the piston pin 104 flows to the groove 108a of the bearing 108 through the outlet openings 104d of the piston pin 104. The lubrication oil received by the bearing 108 lubricates the bearing 108 efficiently and reduces wear and tear of the bearing 108 and prevents overheating of the piston pin 104.
[0039] FIG. 6 depicts a cross-sectional view of a portion of an engine 200, according to a second embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein. In the second embodiment, the lubrication system 20 in an engine 200 includes at least one piston 202 (as shown in fig. 6 and fig. 7), at least one piston pin 204 (as shown in fig. 6, fig. 8 and fig. 9), at least one connecting rod 206 (as shown in fig. 6 and fig. 10), at least one bearing 208, at least one cylinder 210, at least one crankshaft (not shown), a lubrication oil (not shown), a plurality of circlips (not shown) and a crankcase (not shown). In an embodiment, the lubrication system 20 in the engine 200 facilitates lubrication of at least one bearing 208 provided at the small end of the connecting rod 206. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to practice/implement the lubrication system 20 in the engine 200 for lubricating at least one bearing provided at the small end of the connecting rod (at least one connecting rod) in a reciprocating compressor and the like or any other systems/devices having pistons, pistons pins and bearings provided at the small end of the connecting rods without otherwise deterring the intended function of the lubrication system 20 in the engine 200 as can be deduced from the description.
[0040] In an embodiment, the piston 202 includes a plurality of grooves 202a (as shown in fig. 7), a plurality of rings 202b (as shown in fig. 6), a plurality of channels 202c (as shown in fig. 6 and fig. 7) and an opening 202h (as shown in fig. 7). In an embodiment the piston 202 is provided inside the cylinder 210 of the engine 200 and is operatively connected to the crankshaft (not shown) through the connecting rod 206. The piston 202 is adapted to slide inside the cylinder 210 to compress the air/air-fuel mixture (not shown) entering the cylinder 210 and to provide motion to the crankshaft (not shown) during combustion in the engine 200. In an embodiment, the plurality of rings 202b are used to seal the combustion chamber (not shown) from the crankcase (not shown) of the engine 200 and to facilitate heat transfer from the piston 202 to the cylinder 210 and to regulate consumption of lubrication oil (not shown) in the engine 200. Further, in an embodiment, the plurality of rings 202b includes at least one compression ring 202d (as shown in fig. 6) and at least one oil control ring 202e (as shown in fig. 6). In an embodiment, the plurality of grooves 202a includes at least one groove 202f (as shown in fig. 7) adapted to receive the compression ring 202d, at least one groove 202g (as shown in fig. 7) adapted to receive the oil control ring 202e and at least one groove 202i (as shown in fig. 7) adapted to receive the lubrication oil. In an embodiment, the plurality of channels 202c are adapted to receive the lubrication oil from the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil. In an embodiment, the plurality of channels 202c are provided in fluid communication with the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil and the inlet openings 204c (as shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9) of the piston pin 104. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to provide the piston 202 with at least one channel 202c to receive the lubrication oil from at least one groove 202i or to provide the piston 202 with at least one channel 202c in fluid communication with the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil without otherwise deterring the intended function of the plurality of channels 202c of the piston 202 of the engine 200 as can be deduced from the description. In an embodiment, the opening 202h is used for receiving the piston pin 204, thereby facilitating the assembly of piston 202 and the connecting rod 206. The piston 202 is provided inside the cylinder 210.
[0041] In an embodiment, the piston pin 204 includes a first end 204a (as shown in fig. 9), a second end 204b (as shown in fig. 9), a plurality of inlet openings 204c (as shown in fig. 8) and a plurality of outlet openings 204d (as shown in fig. 8). The piston pin 204 is used to connect the connecting rod 206 and the piston 202. In an embodiment, the plurality of inlet openings 204c is adapted to facilitate the flow of lubrication oil from the channels 202c to the piston pin 104. In an embodiment, the plurality of outlet openings 204d is adapted to facilitate the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 204 to the bearing 208. In an embodiment, the first end 204a and the second end 204b of the piston pin 204 are closed thereby the piston pin 204 prevents the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 204 through the first end 204a and the second end 204b, thereby the piston pin 204 acts as a lubrication oil reservoir. In an embodiment, the inlet openings 204c of the piston pin 204 is provided in fluid communication with the channels 202c and the outlet openings 204d is provided in fluid communication with the bearing 208. In an embodiment, the piston pin 204 is locked with the piston 202 through the plurality of circlips (not shown) to prevent any relative movement between the piston pin 204 and the piston 202, thereby the inlet openings 204c of the piston pin 204 is in fluid communication with the channels 202c of the piston 202 and the outlet openings 204d of the piston pin 204 is in fluid communication with the bearing 208. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to provide any other locking elements for locking the piston pin 204 with the piston 202 to prevent any relative movement between the piston pin 204 and the piston 202 without otherwise deterring the intended function of the plurality of circlips (not shown) as can be deduced from the description. The piston pin 204 is received by the piston 202, the connecting rod 206 and the bearing 208.
[0042] In an embodiment, the connecting rod 206 is used to operatively connect the piston 202 with the crankshaft (not shown). In an embodiment, the connecting rod 206 includes a small end 206a (as shown in fig. 10) and a big end (not shown). The small end 206a of the connecting rod 206 is connected with the piston 202 and the big end of the connecting rod 206 is connected with the crankshaft. The small end 206a of the connecting rod 206 includes an opening 206b (as shown in fig. 10) adapted to receive the bearing 208 and the piston pin 204.
[0043] In an embodiment, the bearing 208 is used to reduce the rotational friction between the connecting rod 206 and the piston pin 204 and to support the load. In an embodiment, the bearing 208 includes a groove (not shown) for receiving the lubrication oil from the outlet openings 204d of the piston pin 204 to lubricate the bearing 208. In an embodiment, the groove (not shown) of the bearing 208 is provided in fluid communication with the outlet openings 204d of the piston pin 204. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to provide the bearing 208 without the groove (not shown). The bearing 208 is received/assembled in the opening 206b in the small end 206a of the connecting rod 206.
[0044] The cylinder 210 is the central working part of the engine 200 in which the piston 202 reciprocates during the operation of the engine 200.
[0045] The crankshaft (not shown) is used to convert reciprocating motion of the piston 202 into rotary motion during the operation of the engine 200.
[0046] The lubricating oil (not shown) is used for lubricating the bearing 208 and other moving parts of the engine 200.
[0047] The plurality of circlips (not shown) is used for locking the piston pin 204 with the piston 202 to prevent any relative movement between the piston pin 204 and the piston 202.
[0048] The crankcase (not shown) is used for covering the crankshaft (not shown) of the engine 200.
[0049] The assembly of the lubrication system 20 in the engine 200 is explained as follows. The piston pin 204 is assembled with one circlip (not shown) to the corresponding portion (not shown) of the piston pin 204. The bearing 208 is assembled in the opening 206b in the small end 206a of the connecting rod 206. The small end 206a of the connecting rod 206 is positioned inside the piston 202 such that the opening 206b of the connecting rod 206 is parallel to the opening 202h of the piston 202. Thereafter, the piston pin 204 is inserted/assembled into the opening 202h of the piston 202 and into the opening 206b of the connecting rod 206 that is assembled with the bearing 208. The piston pin 204 is assembled in such a way that the inlet openings 204c of the piston pin 204 is provided in fluid communication with the channels 202c of the piston 202 and the outlet openings 204d of the piston pin 204 is provided in fluid communication with the groove 208a of the bearing 208. Thereafter, the piston pin 204 is locked with the piston 202 through another circlip (not shown) assembled to the corresponding portion (not shown) of the piston pin 204 to prevent any relative movement between the piston pin 204 and the piston 202, thereby the inlet openings 204c of the piston pin 204 is in fluid communication with the channels 202c of the piston 202 and the outlet openings 204d of the piston pin 204 is in fluid communication with the groove 208a of the bearing 208.
[0050] FIG. 12 depicts a flow chart showing the steps of a method 40 for lubricating at least one bearing 208 in a connecting rod 206 of an engine 200, according to the second embodiment of the invention as disclosed herein. The method 40 for lubricating at least one bearing 208 in a connecting rod 206 of an engine 200 is explained as follows, the method 40 comprising, providing a piston 202 of an engine 200 with a groove 202i adapted to receive a lubrication oil of the engine 200 step 42; providing the piston 202 of the engine 200 with at least one channel 202c in fluid communication with the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil of the engine 200 step 44; and providing a piston pin 204 of the engine 200 with at least one inlet opening 204c in fluid communication with the channel 202c of the piston 202 for receiving the lubrication oil into the piston pin 204, at least one outlet opening 204d in fluid communication with a bearing 208 for providing the lubrication oil to the bearing 208 from the piston pin 204, a closed first end 204aand a closed second end 204b step 46; the step 46 of providing the inlet opening 204c of the piston pin 204 in fluid communication with the channel 202c of the piston 202 and the outlet opening 204d of the piston pin 204 in fluid communication with the bearing 208 comprises the method step of locking the piston pin 204 with the piston 202 through a plurality of circlips (not shown) to prevent the movement between the piston pin 204 and the piston202; and the step 46 providing the outlet opening 204d of the piston pin 204 in fluid communication with the bearing 208 includes providing the outlet opening 204d of the piston pin 204 in fluid communication with at least one groove (not shown) of the bearing 208.
[0051] The working of the lubrication system 20 in the engine 200 in conjunction with the method 40 for lubricating at least one bearing 208 in the connecting rod 206 of the engine 200 is explained as follows. During the operation of the engine 200, the lubrication oil enters the channels 202c of the piston 202 through the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil. Thereafter, the lubrication oil from the channels 202c of the piston 202 enters the piston pin 202 through the inlet openings 204c of the piston pin 204. Thereafter, the lubrication oil from the piston pin 204 flows to the groove 208a of the bearing 208 through the outlet openings 204d of the piston pin 204. The lubrication oil received by the bearing 208 lubricates the bearing 208 efficiently and reduces wear and tear of the bearing 208 and prevents overheating of the piston pin 204.
[0052] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

CLAIMS
We claim,
1. A lubrication system 10 in an engine 100, the system 10 comprising:
a bearing 108;
a piston 102 comprising a plurality of piston rings 102b, the piston rings 102b includes, at least one compression ring 102d and at least one oil control ring 102e; a plurality of grooves 102a, the grooves 102a includes, at least one groove 102f adapted to receive the compression ring 102d and at least one groove 102g adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e; and at least one channel 102c provided in fluid communication with the groove 102g adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e;
a piston pin 104 comprising a first end 104a; a second end 104b; at least one inlet opening 104c adapted to facilitate the flow of a lubrication oil of the engine 100 from the channel 102c to the piston pin 104; and at least one outlet opening 104d adapted to facilitate the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 104 to the bearing 108; and
a connecting rod 106 comprising a small end 106a, the small end 106a includes an opening 106b adapted to receive the bearing 108 and the piston pin 104,
wherein
the first end 104a and the second end 104b of the piston pin 104 are closed to prevent the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 104 through the first end 104a and the second end 104b; the channel 102c is adapted to receive the lubrication oil of the engine 100; the inlet opening 104c of the piston pin 104 is provided in fluid communication with the channel 102c and the outlet opening 104d of the piston pin 104 is provided in fluid communication with the bearing 108, thereby the lubrication oil flows to the bearing 108 through the groove 102g adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e, the channel 102c, the inlet opening 104c and the outlet opening 104d to lubricate the bearing 108.
2. The system 10 as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bearing 108 comprises a groove 108a adapted to receive the lubrication oil from the outlet opening 104d of the piston pin 104 to lubricate the bearing 108.
3. The system 10 as claimed in claim 1, wherein the piston pin 104 is locked with the piston 102 to prevent movement between the piston pin 104 and the piston 102, thereby the inlet opening 104c of the piston pin 104 is in fluid communication with the channel 102c of the piston 102 and the outlet opening 104d of the piston pin 104 is in fluid communication with the bearing 108.
4. A lubrication system 20 in an engine 200, the system 20 comprising:
a bearing 208;
a piston 202 comprising a plurality of piston rings 202b, the piston rings 202b includes, at least one compression ring 202d and at least one oil control ring 202e; a plurality of grooves 202a, the grooves 202a includes, at least one groove 202f adapted to receive the compression ring 202d; at least one groove 202g adapted to receive the oil control ring 202e; and at least one groove 202i adapted to receive a lubrication oil of the engine 200; and at least one channel 202c provided in fluid communication with the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil;
a piston pin 204 comprising a first end 204a; a second end 204b; at least one inlet opening 204c adapted to facilitate the flow of the lubrication oil from the channel 202c to the piston pin 204; and at least one outlet opening 204d adapted to facilitate the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 204 to the bearing 208; and
a connecting rod 206 comprising a small end 206a, the small end 206a includes an opening 206b adapted to receive the bearing 208 and the piston pin 204,
wherein
the first end 204a and the second end 204b of the piston pin 204 are closed to prevent the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 204 through the first end 204a and the second end 204b; the channel 202c is adapted to receive the lubrication oil from the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil; the inlet opening 204c of the piston pin 204 is provided in fluid communication with the channel 202c and the outlet opening 204d of the piston pin 204 is provided in fluid communication with the bearing 208, thereby the lubrication oil flows to the bearing 208 through the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil, the channel 202c, the inlet opening 204c and the outlet opening 204d to lubricate the bearing 208.
5. The system 20 as claimed in claim 4, wherein the bearing 208 comprises a groove 208a adapted to receive the lubrication oil from the outlet opening 204d of the piston pin 204 to lubricate the bearing 208.
6. The system 20 as claimed in claim 4, wherein the piston pin 204 is locked with the piston 202 to prevent movement between the piston pin 204 and the piston 202, thereby the inlet opening 204c of the piston pin 204 is in fluid communication with the channel 202c of the piston 202 and the outlet opening 204d of the piston pin 204 is in fluid communication with the bearing 208.
7. A method for lubricating at least one bearing in a connecting rod of an engine, the method comprising:
Providing a piston of the engine with at least one channel for receiving a lubrication oil of the engine;
Providing a piston pin of the engine with at least one inlet opening for receiving the lubrication oil into the piston pin, at least one outlet opening for providing the lubrication oil to the bearing, a closed first end and a closed second end; and
Providing the inlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the channel of the piston and the outlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the bearing.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, further comprising the method step of providing the bearing with at least one groove for receiving the lubrication oil.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method step of providing the outlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the bearing includes providing the outlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the groove of the bearing.
10. The method as claimed in claim 7, further comprising the method step of providing the channel of the piston in fluid communication with a groove adapted to receive an oil control ring of the piston.
11. The method as claimed in claim 7, further comprising the method step of providing the piston with a groove adapted to receive the lubrication oil on a cylinder of the engine.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, further comprising the method step of providing the channel of the piston in fluid communication with the groove adapted to receive the lubrication oil of a cylinder of the engine.

13. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method step of providing the inlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the channel of the piston and the outlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the bearing comprises the method step of locking the piston pin with the piston to prevent the movement between the piston pin and the piston.

Dated this 30th June 2016 Signature:

Dr.Kalyan Chakravarthy
ABSTRACT
System and method for lubricating connecting rod small end bearing in an engine includes, providing a piston of the engine with at least one channel for receiving a lubrication oil of the engine, providing a piston pin of the engine with at least one inlet opening for receiving the lubrication oil into the piston pin, at least one outlet opening for providing the lubrication oil to the bearing, a closed first end and a closed second end and providing the inlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the channel of the piston and the outlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the bearing.
Fig. 1

,CLAIMS:CLAIMS
We claim,
1. A lubrication system 10 in an engine 100, the system 10 comprising:
a bearing 108;
a piston 102 comprising a plurality of piston rings 102b, the piston rings 102b includes, at least one compression ring 102d and at least one oil control ring 102e; a plurality of grooves 102a, the grooves 102a includes, at least one groove 102f adapted to receive the compression ring 102d and at least one groove 102g adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e; and at least one channel 102c provided in fluid communication with the groove 102g adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e;
a piston pin 104 comprising a first end 104a; a second end 104b; at least one inlet opening 104c adapted to facilitate the flow of a lubrication oil of the engine 100 from the channel 102c to the piston pin 104; and at least one outlet opening 104d adapted to facilitate the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 104 to the bearing 108; and
a connecting rod 106 comprising a small end 106a, the small end 106a includes an opening 106b adapted to receive the bearing 108 and the piston pin 104,
wherein
the first end 104a and the second end 104b of the piston pin 104 are closed to prevent the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 104 through the first end 104a and the second end 104b; the channel 102c is adapted to receive the lubrication oil of the engine 100; the inlet opening 104c of the piston pin 104 is provided in fluid communication with the channel 102c and the outlet opening 104d of the piston pin 104 is provided in fluid communication with the bearing 108, thereby the lubrication oil flows to the bearing 108 through the groove 102g adapted to receive the oil control ring 102e, the channel 102c, the inlet opening 104c and the outlet opening 104d to lubricate the bearing 108.
2. The system 10 as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bearing 108 comprises a groove 108a adapted to receive the lubrication oil from the outlet opening 104d of the piston pin 104 to lubricate the bearing 108.
3. The system 10 as claimed in claim 1, wherein the piston pin 104 is locked with the piston 102 to prevent movement between the piston pin 104 and the piston 102, thereby the inlet opening 104c of the piston pin 104 is in fluid communication with the channel 102c of the piston 102 and the outlet opening 104d of the piston pin 104 is in fluid communication with the bearing 108.
4. A lubrication system 20 in an engine 200, the system 20 comprising:
a bearing 208;
a piston 202 comprising a plurality of piston rings 202b, the piston rings 202b includes, at least one compression ring 202d and at least one oil control ring 202e; a plurality of grooves 202a, the grooves 202a includes, at least one groove 202f adapted to receive the compression ring 202d; at least one groove 202g adapted to receive the oil control ring 202e; and at least one groove 202i adapted to receive a lubrication oil of the engine 200; and at least one channel 202c provided in fluid communication with the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil;
a piston pin 204 comprising a first end 204a; a second end 204b; at least one inlet opening 204c adapted to facilitate the flow of the lubrication oil from the channel 202c to the piston pin 204; and at least one outlet opening 204d adapted to facilitate the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 204 to the bearing 208; and
a connecting rod 206 comprising a small end 206a, the small end 206a includes an opening 206b adapted to receive the bearing 208 and the piston pin 204,
wherein
the first end 204a and the second end 204b of the piston pin 204 are closed to prevent the flow of lubrication oil from the piston pin 204 through the first end 204a and the second end 204b; the channel 202c is adapted to receive the lubrication oil from the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil; the inlet opening 204c of the piston pin 204 is provided in fluid communication with the channel 202c and the outlet opening 204d of the piston pin 204 is provided in fluid communication with the bearing 208, thereby the lubrication oil flows to the bearing 208 through the groove 202i adapted to receive the lubrication oil, the channel 202c, the inlet opening 204c and the outlet opening 204d to lubricate the bearing 208.
5. The system 20 as claimed in claim 4, wherein the bearing 208 comprises a groove 208a adapted to receive the lubrication oil from the outlet opening 204d of the piston pin 204 to lubricate the bearing 208.
6. The system 20 as claimed in claim 4, wherein the piston pin 204 is locked with the piston 202 to prevent movement between the piston pin 204 and the piston 202, thereby the inlet opening 204c of the piston pin 204 is in fluid communication with the channel 202c of the piston 202 and the outlet opening 204d of the piston pin 204 is in fluid communication with the bearing 208.
7. A method for lubricating at least one bearing in a connecting rod of an engine, the method comprising:
Providing a piston of the engine with at least one channel for receiving a lubrication oil of the engine;
Providing a piston pin of the engine with at least one inlet opening for receiving the lubrication oil into the piston pin, at least one outlet opening for providing the lubrication oil to the bearing, a closed first end and a closed second end; and
Providing the inlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the channel of the piston and the outlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the bearing.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, further comprising the method step of providing the bearing with at least one groove for receiving the lubrication oil.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method step of providing the outlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the bearing includes providing the outlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the groove of the bearing.
10. The method as claimed in claim 7, further comprising the method step of providing the channel of the piston in fluid communication with a groove adapted to receive an oil control ring of the piston.
11. The method as claimed in claim 7, further comprising the method step of providing the piston with a groove adapted to receive the lubrication oil on a cylinder of the engine.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, further comprising the method step of providing the channel of the piston in fluid communication with the groove adapted to receive the lubrication oil of a cylinder of the engine.

13. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method step of providing the inlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the channel of the piston and the outlet opening of the piston pin in fluid communication with the bearing comprises the method step of locking the piston pin with the piston to prevent the movement between the piston pin and the piston.