1. A system for membrane-based carbon sequestration, comprising: a gas intake unit for receiving emission gases; a pre-filtering component operatively connected to said gas intake unit to remove impurities from said emission gases; a selective permeable membrane unit downstream of said pre-filtering component, tailored to permeate carbon dioxide (CO2) while retaining other gases; a capture chamber fluidly connected to said selective permeable membrane unit for collecting and storing permeated CO2; and an exhaust outlet for releasing the retained gases after separation.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a pressure modulator operatively connected to said selective permeable membrane unit, designed to optimize the pressure differential across said membrane, enhancing CO2 permeation rates.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein: said selective permeable membrane unit comprises multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials designed for enhanced carbon sequestration efficiency.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a CO2 liquefaction subsystem downstream of said capture chamber, enabling the conversion of captured gaseous CO2 into a liquid state for efficient storage and transportation.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein: said selective permeable membrane unit incorporates a self-cleaning mechanism, which maintains the membrane's permeability by periodically removing particulate build-up.

6. A method for membrane-based carbon sequestration, comprising the steps of: introducing emission gases into a gas intake unit; pre-filtering the received emission gases to remove impurities; directing the pre-filtered gases through a selective permeable membrane tailored to permeate CO2 while retaining other gases; capturing and storing the permeated CO2 in a designated chamber; and expelling the retained gases post-separation through an exhaust outlet.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: modulating the pressure across the selective permeable membrane using a pressure modulator to optimize CO2 permeation rates.

8. The method of claim 6, involving: utilizing multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials within the selective permeable membrane to enhance the efficiency of carbon sequestration.

9. The method of claim 6, further comprising: converting the captured gaseous CO2 into a liquid state through a CO2 liquefaction subsystem, facilitating its storage and transportation.

10. The method of claim 6, including: periodically activating a self-cleaning mechanism within the selective permeable membrane to maintain its permeability by removing particulate build-up. MEMBRANE BASED CARBON SEQUESTRATION Abstract A system for membrane-based carbon sequestration is presented, designed to efficiently capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from emission gases. The system comprises a gas intake unit that receives the emission gases, which are then directed to a pre-filtering component that removes impurities. Following this initial cleaning, the gases are channeled through a tailored selective permeable membrane unit that permits the permeation of CO2 while retaining other constituent gases. The permeated CO2 is collected and stored in a connected capture chamber. Residual gases, not permeated through the membrane, are safely released into the environment via an exhaust outlet, ensuring a comprehensive and environmentally friendly separation process. , Claims:Claims :

1. A system for membrane-based carbon sequestration, comprising: a gas intake unit for receiving emission gases; a pre-filtering component operatively connected to said gas intake unit to remove impurities from said emission gases; a selective permeable membrane unit downstream of said pre-filtering component, tailored to permeate carbon dioxide (CO2) while retaining other gases; a capture chamber fluidly connected to said selective permeable membrane unit for collecting and storing permeated CO2; and an exhaust outlet for releasing the retained gases after separation.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a pressure modulator operatively connected to said selective permeable membrane unit, designed to optimize the pressure differential across said membrane, enhancing CO2 permeation rates.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein: said selective permeable membrane unit comprises multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials designed for enhanced carbon sequestration efficiency.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a CO2 liquefaction subsystem downstream of said capture chamber, enabling the conversion of captured gaseous CO2 into a liquid state for efficient storage and transportation.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein: said selective permeable membrane unit incorporates a self-cleaning mechanism, which maintains the membrane's permeability by periodically removing particulate build-up.

6. A method for membrane-based carbon sequestration, comprising the steps of: introducing emission gases into a gas intake unit; pre-filtering the received emission gases to remove impurities; directing the pre-filtered gases through a selective permeable membrane tailored to permeate CO2 while retaining other gases; capturing and storing the permeated CO2 in a designated chamber; and expelling the retained gases post-separation through an exhaust outlet.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: modulating the pressure across the selective permeable membrane using a pressure modulator to optimize CO2 permeation rates.

8. The method of claim 6, involving: utilizing multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials within the selective permeable membrane to enhance the efficiency of carbon sequestration.

9. The method of claim 6, further comprising: converting the captured gaseous CO2 into a liquid state through a CO2 liquefaction subsystem, facilitating its storage and transportation.

10. The method of claim 6, including: periodically activating a self-cleaning mechanism within the selective permeable membrane to maintain its permeability by removing particulate build-up.

Description:MEMBRANE BASED CARBON SEQUESTRATION
Field of the Invention
[0001] The present invention relates generally to environmental engineering and, more particularly, to a membrane-based technology designed for the sequestration of carbon. This invention addresses the urgent need to mitigate anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their adverse impact on global climate. Specifically, the invention focuses on the utilization of specialized membranes for the capture, separation, and long-term storage of carbon, thereby providing an efficient and sustainable solution for reducing the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and industrial emissions. The membrane-based approach of this invention offers enhanced selectivity, scalability, and operational efficiency over conventional carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) methods.
Background
[0002] The background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] With the increasing concerns about global climate change and the rising levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies have gained significant attention. These technologies aim to capture CO2 emissions from industrial processes and power plants and store them to prevent their release into the atmosphere. Proposed approach within CCS is membrane-based carbon sequestration, which utilizes specialized membranes to selectively capture and separate CO2 from gas streams. This technique offers the potential for efficient and cost-effective CO2 capture and contributes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
[0004] Membrane-based carbon sequestration relies on the principle of selective gas permeation through specialized membranes. These membranes are designed to allow CO2 to pass through while inhibiting the passage of other gases, such as nitrogen or methane. This selective separation is based on the different transport rates of gases through the membrane material.
[0005] Various types of membranes are used in membrane-based carbon sequestration:
[0006] These membranes are made from polymers that have selective permeation properties. Materials like polyimides, cellulose acetate, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are commonly used for CO2 separation.
[0007] Mixed matrix membranes combine polymers with other materials, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or nanoparticles. This hybrid approach aims to enhance the membrane's selectivity and permeability.
[0008] Ceramic membranes offer high thermal and chemical stability, making them suitable for challenging industrial environments. They often involve materials like zeolites or silica.
[0009] Membrane-based carbon sequestration presents several advantages over traditional CCS methods. Membrane-based separation can be less energy-intensive compared to conventional absorption or adsorption processes for CO2 capture.
[00010] Membrane systems can be designed in a compact and modular manner, making them suitable for both large-scale industrial applications and smaller installations. The selective nature of membranes reduces the need for additional chemicals, minimizing the environmental impact of the capture process.
[00011] Numerous research efforts and industrial applications have contributed to the development of membrane-based carbon sequestration:
[00012] Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, developed polymeric membranes with tailored nanoporous structures for CO2 capture. Their research demonstrated improved selectivity and permeability, enhancing the efficiency of carbon sequestration.
[00013] Researchers from the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) engineered mixed matrix membranes by incorporating metal-organic frameworks. These membranes exhibited enhanced CO2 separation performance due to the increased surface area and selective adsorption of MOFs.
[00014] A collaborative project between researchers from the University of Twente and Peking University focused on developing ceramic membranes for CO2 separation. They demonstrated that zeolite-based ceramic membranes could achieve high CO2 selectivity under industrial conditions.
[00015] Membrane-based carbon capture technologies are being integrated into industrial processes. For instance, the company Membrane Technology and Research (MTR) provides membrane systems for natural gas processing and biogas upgrading, contributing to reduced emissions.
[00016] In conclusion, membrane-based carbon sequestration offers a promising approach to mitigating CO2 emissions from industrial processes and power generation. Through the advancement of polymeric, mixed matrix, and ceramic membrane technologies, researchers and companies are working towards efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly methods of separating and capturing CO2. As efforts continue to optimize membrane materials and system designs, membrane-based carbon sequestration holds significant potential to contribute to the global efforts in addressing climate change.
[00017] All references, including publications, patent applications, and patents, cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety herein.
[00018] It also shall be noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. This invention can be achieved by means of hardware including several different elements or by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims that list several means, several ones among these means can be specifically embodied in the same hardware item. The use of such words as first, second, third does not represent any order, which can be simply explained as names.
Summary
[00019] The following presents a simplified summary of various aspects of this disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements nor delineate the scope of such aspects. Its purpose is to present some concepts of this disclosure in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[00020] The following paragraphs provide additional support for the claims of the subject application.
[00021] The present invention relates generally to environmental engineering and, more particularly, to a membrane-based technology designed for the sequestration of carbon. This invention addresses the urgent need to mitigate anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their adverse impact on global climate. Specifically, the invention focuses on the utilization of specialized membranes for the capture, separation, and long-term storage of carbon, thereby providing an efficient and sustainable solution for reducing the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and industrial emissions. The membrane-based approach of this invention offers enhanced selectivity, scalability, and operational efficiency over conventional carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) methods.
[00022] The increasing urgency of addressing climate change has spurred the need for solutions in carbon management. A system has been developed for membrane-based carbon sequestration, poised to significantly contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions.
[00023] Central to the system is a gas intake unit. This unit is the entry point, designed to receive emission gases from various sources. To ensure that the subsequent sequestration process isn't impeded by impurities, a pre-filtering component is operatively connected to the gas intake unit. This component effectively removes contaminants from the emission gases, preparing them for carbon capture.
[00024] Following the pre-filtering stage, the emission gases encounter the selective permeable membrane unit. This unit stands out due to its specialized design, tailored explicitly to allow the permeation of carbon dioxide (CO2) while simultaneously retaining other gases. This differential behavior ensures efficient carbon capture from the emission gases.
[00025] The permeated CO2 then finds its way to the capture chamber, fluidly connected to the membrane unit. This chamber serves as a collection and storage reservoir for the separated CO2.
[00026] Post-separation, the gases not retained for sequestration need to be managed. The system features an exhaust outlet which safely releases these retained gases back to the environment, ensuring a clean and efficient separation process.
[00027] Enhancing the system's efficiency is a pressure modulator. Operatively linked to the selective permeable membrane unit, this modulator is a game-changer. It's adeptly designed to optimize the pressure differential across the membrane, resulting in amplified CO2 permeation rates.
[00028] Diving deeper into the selective permeable membrane unit reveals its complex design. It incorporates multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials. This multi-layered approach is pivotal in enhancing the carbon sequestration efficiency, ensuring maximum CO2 capture.
[00029] The system integrates a CO2 liquefaction subsystem post the capture chamber. This subsystem transforms the captured gaseous CO2 into a liquid state, significantly improving its storage and transportation capabilities.
[00030] Last but not least, the selective permeable membrane unit is equipped with a self-cleaning mechanism. Over time, membranes can accumulate particulates which may hinder their performance. This mechanism ensures that the membrane's permeability remains optimal by periodically clearing any particulate build-up.
[00031] In essence, this system offers a holistic approach to carbon sequestration, from intake to storage. Its intricate components, from the pre-filtering component to the self-cleaning mechanism, ensure that CO2 is efficiently captured, stored, and managed, marking a significant stride in carbon management solutions.
[00032] In the face of escalating global carbon emissions, approaches for carbon capture and sequestration have become imperative. One such solution is a method for membrane-based carbon sequestration, strategically designed to efficiently capture and manage carbon dioxide (CO2) from emission gases.
[00033] The process begins by introducing emission gases into a designated gas intake unit. This unit serves as the entry portal for emissions, readying them for the subsequent stages of sequestration. To ensure the efficacy of carbon capture, it's crucial that these gases are free from contaminants. Hence, a pre-filtering step is employed to cleanse the received emission gases of any impurities.
[00034] Once cleansed, these gases are directed towards a selective permeable membrane. This membrane, tailored for the task, holds the distinctive ability to permeate CO2 while simultaneously retaining other gases. Such selectivity ensures that CO2 is effectively separated from the mix.
[00035] Following separation, the permeated CO2 needs to be securely captured. A designated chamber downstream of the membrane undertakes this role, capturing and storing the isolated CO2 safely.
[00036] Post the capture phase, the other gases that weren't sequestered — now separated from the CO2 — are managed. They are expelled through an exhaust outlet, ensuring that the method is not just efficient in capturing CO2 but also environmentally responsible in managing the non-captured gases.
[00037] To further enhance the efficacy of the sequestration, the method introduces a pressure modulator. This device modulates the pressure across the selective permeable membrane. Such modulation is vital, as optimizing the pressure differential has a direct bearing on the CO2 permeation rates, ensuring maximum capture.
[00038] Diving deeper into the design of the selective permeable membrane reveals an intricate architecture. The method advocates for the use of multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials within the membrane. Such a multilayered approach significantly amplifies the efficiency of carbon sequestration.
[00039] While capturing CO2 is pivotal, its subsequent management is equally crucial. The method integrates a CO2 liquefaction subsystem that transforms the captured gaseous CO2 into a more manageable liquid state. This conversion is key to facilitating easier storage and transportation of the captured carbon.
[00040] Lastly, to ensure the longevity and performance of the selective permeable membrane, the method includes a periodic self-cleaning mechanism. This mechanism ensures that the membrane's permeability remains optimal by timely removing any particulate build-up that might impede its performance.
[00041] In conclusion, this method offers a comprehensive roadmap for membrane-based carbon sequestration. From the intake of emission gases to the meticulous management of the captured CO2, every step is geared towards ensuring an efficient, scalable, and sustainable carbon capture process.
[00042]
Brief Description of the Drawings
[00043] The features and advantages of the present disclosure would be more clearly understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
[00044] FIG. 1 pictorially depicts a framework of a system for membrane-based carbon sequestration, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[00045] FIG. 2 figuratively portrays a detailed schematic flow chart of a method for membrane-based carbon sequestration, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description
[00046] In the following detailed description of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. In the drawings, like numerals describe substantially similar components throughout the several views. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to claim those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Other embodiments may be utilized and structural, logical, and electrical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
[00047] The use of the terms “a” and “an” and “the” and “at least one” and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in

the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. The use of the term “at least one” followed by a list of one or more items (for example, “at least one of A and B”) is to be construed to mean one item selected from the listed items (A or B) or any combination of two or more of the listed items (A and B), unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. The terms “comprising,” “having,” “including,” and “containing” are to be construed as open-ended terms (i.e., meaning “including, but not limited to,”) unless otherwise noted. Recitation of ranges of values herein are merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”) provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention.
[00048] Pursuant to the "Detailed Description" section herein, whenever an element is explicitly associated with a specific numeral for the first time, such association shall be deemed consistent and applicable throughout the entirety of the "Detailed Description" section, unless otherwise expressly stated or contradicted by the context.
[00049] The present invention relates generally to environmental engineering and, more particularly, to a membrane-based technology designed for the sequestration of carbon. This invention addresses the urgent need to mitigate anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their adverse impact on global climate. Specifically, the invention focuses on the utilization of specialized membranes for the capture, separation, and long-term storage of carbon, thereby providing an efficient and sustainable solution for reducing the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and industrial emissions. The membrane-based approach of this invention offers enhanced selectivity, scalability, and operational efficiency over conventional carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) methods.
[00050]
[00051] Pursuant to the "Detailed Description" section herein, whenever an element is explicitly associated with a specific numeral for the first time, such association shall be deemed consistent and applicable throughout the entirety of the "Detailed Description" section, unless otherwise expressly stated or contradicted by the context.
[00052] In a world grappling with the exigencies of climate change, technological solutions that can reduce or neutralize carbon emissions are highly sought after. One such promising solution is a membrane-based carbon sequestration system, which aims to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) directly from emission sources before they are released into the atmosphere. This system holds potential for various industries, particularly those with high CO2 emissions, such as power plants and heavy manufacturing.
[00053] According to a pictorial portrayal in FIG. 1, illustrating an architectural setup of the system 100 for membrane-based carbon sequestration, comprising a gas intake unit 102 for receiving emission gases, a pre-filtering component 104 operatively connected to said gas intake unit to remove impurities from said emission gases, a selective permeable membrane unit 106 downstream of said pre-filtering component, tailored to permeate carbon dioxide (CO2) while retaining other gases, a capture chamber 108 fluidly connected to said selective permeable membrane unit for collecting and storing permeated CO2, and an exhaust outlet 110 for releasing the retained gases after separation.
[00054] The core idea of this technology is rooted in the selective separation of CO2 from other gases using specialized membranes. These membranes are tailored to allow CO2 to pass through while retaining other gases. The system 100 proposed here presents a comprehensive mechanism for capturing CO2 from emission gases and offers several features to optimize performance and efficiency. Gas intake unit is the initial point of entry for emission gases into the system. Emission gases, often a mixture of CO2, nitrogen, water vapor, and various other gases, are directed from their source into this intake unit.
[00055] Connected to the gas intake unit, this component serves to filter out impurities. Depending on the source of the emissions, there could be dust, soot, and other particulate matter present in the gases. By removing these contaminants at this early stage, the system ensures the efficiency and longevity of subsequent components, particularly the membrane unit.
[00056] This is the heart of the system. Positioned downstream of the pre-filtering component, this unit contains specially designed membranes that allow CO2 to permeate while retaining other gases. Essentially, as emission gases flow through this unit, CO2 molecules pass through the membrane layers and are separated from the rest of the gas mix. Consider an example of a power plant emits gases that are 15% CO2 and 85% other gases. When these gases pass through the selective permeable membrane unit, the CO2 is allowed to permeate through the membrane, effectively increasing its concentration on the other side.
[00057] Fluidly connected to the selective permeable membrane unit, this chamber collects and stores the permeated CO2. Once the CO2 has passed through the membrane, it needs to be effectively captured and held for potential utilization or long-term storage. Post the separation process, the gases that did not permeate through the membrane, primarily nitrogen and trace gases, need to be safely released. This outlet serves that purpose, ensuring that only the non-CO2 gases are released back into the atmosphere or channeled elsewhere for other uses.
[00058] Beyond this basic structure, the proposed system incorporates several additional features and modifications to enhance its efficiency and applicability. An optimal pressure differential across the membrane can significantly influence the rate at which CO2 permeates. By introducing a pressure modulator operatively connected to the selective permeable membrane unit, the system can adjust and maintain the most suitable pressure conditions. Think of it like adjusting the pressure in a coffee machine to get the best extraction rate for the flavors.
[00059] By employing multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials in the selective permeable membrane unit, the system ensures enhanced carbon sequestration efficiency. Each layer can be tailored to specific capture rates or designed to work in tandem with adjacent layers. It's similar to wearing layered clothing in cold weather, where each layer plays a specific role in retaining warmth.
[00060] Capturing CO2 in its gaseous state can pose challenges in terms of storage and transportation. To address this, a CO2 liquefaction subsystem can be introduced downstream of the capture chamber. By converting gaseous CO2 into its liquid form, the system makes it more compact and manageable, facilitating easier storage and transport. This is somewhat akin to how natural gas is often liquified for transportation purposes.
[00061] Over time, despite pre-filtering, particulates might accumulate on the membranes, potentially reducing their permeability and overall efficiency. By integrating a self-cleaning mechanism into the selective permeable membrane unit, the system ensures longevity and consistent performance. This self-cleaning feature can be likened to the self-cleaning ovens that burn off residues, ensuring they remain effective.
[00062] To understand the working of the system, imagine a coal-fired power plant that releases large volumes of emission gases. These gases, laden with CO2, are channeled into the gas intake unit of our membrane-based carbon sequestration system. As the gases move forward, impurities are first removed in the pre-filtering component. The now cleaner emission gases then encounter the selective permeable membrane unit, where CO2 starts permeating through the multi-layered membranes, leaving most of the other gases behind. This separated CO2 is captured in the subsequent chamber.
[00063] To further optimize the separation process, the pressure modulator ensures that the right pressure is maintained across the membranes. As CO2 accumulates, the liquefaction subsystem can convert it into a liquid form, making it easier to handle. Throughout this process, the self-cleaning mechanism ensures the membranes remain free from undue particulate build-up, ensuring consistent and optimal CO2 capture rates. Finally, the gases that did not permeate through the membrane are safely expelled through the exhaust outlet, ensuring no unnecessary accumulation or back-pressure in the system.
[00064] Referring to one or more preceding embodiments, the membrane-based carbon sequestration system 100 presents a holistic approach to capturing CO2 from emission sources. By combining traditional separation techniques with modifications, it promises efficient and scalable carbon capture, a critical step toward addressing the pressing climate challenges of our time.
[00065] As the global community becomes more acutely aware of the impacts of climate change, focus has intensified on methods to combat and curtail the effects of carbon emissions. Among the varied technological approaches that have been explored, the method of membrane-based carbon sequestration has gained significant traction. This method 200 harnesses the principle of selective permeation, which involves using specialized membranes to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from emission sources.
[00066] Figuratively depicted in FIG. 2, representing a flow diagram of the method 200 for membrane-based carbon sequestration, comprising the steps of (at step 202) introducing emission gases into a gas intake unit (at step 204) pre-filtering the received emission gases to remove impurities(at step 206) directing the pre-filtered gases through a selective permeable membrane tailored to permeate CO2 while retaining other gases(at step 208) capturing and storing the permeated CO2 in a designated chamber, and (at step 210) expelling the retained gases post-separation through an exhaust outlet.
[00067] The foundational steps of this method 200, as delineated, can be visualized as a fluid journey, where emission gases are first introduced, processed, segregated, and then systematically treated or expelled. As we delve deeper into this method, it becomes evident that each step has its own importance and intricate details, accompanied by potential enhancements and additions that further refine the process.
[00068] The starting point of the method involves the entry of emission gases into the system. Emission gases are usually a mix of CO2, nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, and other minor constituents, emanating from sources like industrial plants, power stations, or even vehicles. The gas intake unit can be visualized as the gateway that channels these gases into the system. For instance, in an industrial setup, pipes or ducts from emission sources would lead to this unit, ensuring a steady flow of gases into the sequestration system.
[00069] Once inside, the next crucial step is to clean these gases. Given the diversity of emission sources, the gases often carry with them a range of impurities, from soot and dust to various chemical residues. The pre-filtering component acts like the first line of defense. Think of this as akin to a coffee filter – just as ground coffee beans contain fine particles that one wouldn't want in the final brew, emission gases contain impurities that need to be sieved out to ensure the efficient operation of the subsequent stages.
[00070] With the preliminary filtering done, the now relatively cleaner gases are introduced to the core of the system: the selective permeable membrane. This membrane is specifically designed to allow CO2 molecules to pass through while holding back other gases. At a molecular level, imagine a dense forest where only certain small animals can maneuver through the underbrush easily, while larger animals find it harder. Similarly, the CO2 molecules find pathways through the membrane, while other gas molecules are restrained.
[00071] As CO2 permeates through the membrane, there needs to be a mechanism to gather and store it. This is facilitated by the designated capture chamber, which collects the CO2 that emerges from the membrane. This chamber can be visualized as a reservoir, similar to a water tank that fills up when water is pumped into it.
[00072] With CO2 separated, the other gases retained by the membrane need to be dealt with. These are typically directed towards an exhaust outlet, which releases them safely. In many cases, these are non-harmful gases like nitrogen, which makes up a large part of our atmosphere. The exhaust outlet acts as a release valve, ensuring that these gases don't build up within the system.
[00073] Delving deeper into this process, several advanced steps can be integrated to enhance efficiency and effectiveness. Pressure plays a vital role in how gases behave and move. By adjusting the pressure across the selective permeable membrane, the system can influence how efficiently CO2 permeates. Introducing a pressure modulator enables this optimization. For example, a sponge squeezed under water releases air more quickly than when it's gently pressed. Similarly, adjusting the pressure can make CO2 permeate through the membrane at optimal rates.
[00074] Building on the principle of selective permeation, the efficiency can be further enhanced by utilizing multiple layers within the membrane, each tailored for carbon capture. This is somewhat akin to having multiple nets with varying mesh sizes stacked together to catch fish of different sizes. Each layer can either be designed to capture more CO2 or to work in synergy with adjacent layers, ensuring a higher overall capture rate.
[00075] Once captured, handling gaseous CO2 can be challenging, especially in terms of storage and transport. By integrating a CO2 liquefaction subsystem, the method allows for the conversion of this gas into a liquid state. This transition can be equated to how water vapor condenses into liquid water – it's the same substance but in a more manageable form. Liquid CO2 requires significantly less space and is easier to transport, akin to how transporting liquid fuel is more efficient than transporting it as a gas.
[00076] As with any filtration system, over time, there's a potential for buildup on the filter surface. In this method, the membrane, despite pre-filtering, might still face particulate buildup. Incorporating a self-cleaning mechanism ensures that the membrane's permeability isn't compromised. Think of this as a windshield wiper on a car – periodically clearing off debris to maintain clear vision. The self-cleaning mechanism ensures that the membrane operates at peak efficiency by periodically removing any particulate buildup.
[00077] Contextualize this with an illustrative example of a large coal-powered plant. As it operates, vast volumes of emission gases are produced. These gases, rich in CO2, are channelled into the gas intake unit of our membrane-based carbon sequestration system. Here, initial filtering occurs, removing larger impurities. The cleaner gases then flow through the multi-layered selective permeable membrane. With the pressure modulator's assistance, CO2 is effectively separated and captured in the designated chamber. Periodically, the self-cleaning mechanism activates, ensuring the membrane remains efficient. As the chamber fills with CO2, the liquefaction subsystem converts it into liquid form, readying it for storage or transport. Meanwhile, the remaining gases, primarily nitrogen, are expelled through the exhaust outlet, back into the atmosphere or directed elsewhere.
[00078] In essence, this methodological approach to membrane-based carbon sequestration provides a systematic and comprehensive roadmap to tackle carbon emissions. By combining foundational steps with advanced enhancements, it offers a potent tool in the arsenal against climate change.
[00079] Example embodiments herein have been described above with reference to block diagrams and flowchart illustrations of methods and apparatuses. It will be understood that each block of the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, respectively, can be implemented by various means including hardware, software, firmware, and a combination thereof. For example, in one embodiment, each block of the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks.
[00080] Throughout the present disclosure, the term ‘Artificial intelligence (AI)’ as used herein relates to any mechanism or computationally intelligent system that combines knowledge, techniques, and methodologies for controlling a bot or other element within a computing environment. Furthermore, the artificial intelligence (AI) is configured to apply knowledge and that can adapt it-self and learn to do better in changing environments. Additionally, employing any computationally intelligent technique, the artificial intelligence (AI) is operable to adapt to unknown or changing environment for better performance. The artificial intelligence (AI) includes fuzzy logic engines, decision-making engines, preset targeting accuracy levels, and/or programmatically intelligent software.
[00081] Throughout the present disclosure, the term ‘processing means’ or ‘microprocessor’ or ‘processor’ or ‘processors’ includes, but is not limited to, a general purpose processor (such as, for example, a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, a microprocessor implementing other types of instruction sets, or a microprocessor implementing a combination of types of instruction sets) or a specialized processor (such as, for example, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), or a network processor).
[00082] The term “non-transitory storage device” or “storage” or “memory,” as used herein relates to a random access memory, read only memory and variants thereof, in which a computer can store data or software for any duration.
[00083] Operations in accordance with a variety of aspects of the disclosure is described above would not have to be performed in the precise order described. Rather, various steps can be handled in reverse order or simultaneously or not at all.
[00084] While several implementations have been described and illustrated herein, a variety of other means and/or structures for performing the function and/or obtaining the results and/or one or more of the advantages described herein may be utilized, and each of such variations and/or modifications is deemed to be within the scope of the implementations described herein. More generally, all parameters, dimensions, materials, and configurations described herein are meant to be exemplary and that the actual parameters, dimensions, materials, and/or configurations will depend upon the specific application or applications for which the teachings is/are used. Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific implementations described herein. It is, therefore, to be understood that the foregoing implementations are presented by way of example only and that, within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereto, implementations may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described and claimed. Implementations of the present disclosure are directed to each individual feature, system, article, material, kit, and/or method described herein. In addition, any combination of two or more such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods, if such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods are not mutually inconsistent, is included within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims
I/We Claim:
1. A system for membrane-based carbon sequestration, comprising:
a gas intake unit for receiving emission gases;
a pre-filtering component operatively connected to said gas intake unit to remove impurities from said emission gases;
a selective permeable membrane unit downstream of said pre-filtering component, tailored to permeate carbon dioxide (CO2) while retaining other gases;
a capture chamber fluidly connected to said selective permeable membrane unit for collecting and storing permeated CO2; and
an exhaust outlet for releasing the retained gases after separation.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a pressure modulator operatively connected to said selective permeable membrane unit, designed to optimize the pressure differential across said membrane, enhancing CO2 permeation rates.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein:
said selective permeable membrane unit comprises multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials designed for enhanced carbon sequestration efficiency.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a CO2 liquefaction subsystem downstream of said capture chamber, enabling the conversion of captured gaseous CO2 into a liquid state for efficient storage and transportation.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein:
said selective permeable membrane unit incorporates a self-cleaning mechanism, which maintains the membrane's permeability by periodically removing particulate build-up.
6. A method for membrane-based carbon sequestration, comprising the steps of:
introducing emission gases into a gas intake unit;
pre-filtering the received emission gases to remove impurities;
directing the pre-filtered gases through a selective permeable membrane tailored to permeate CO2 while retaining other gases;
capturing and storing the permeated CO2 in a designated chamber; and
expelling the retained gases post-separation through an exhaust outlet.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
modulating the pressure across the selective permeable membrane using a pressure modulator to optimize CO2 permeation rates.
8. The method of claim 6, involving:
utilizing multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials within the selective permeable membrane to enhance the efficiency of carbon sequestration.
9. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
converting the captured gaseous CO2 into a liquid state through a CO2 liquefaction subsystem, facilitating its storage and transportation.
10. The method of claim 6, including:
periodically activating a self-cleaning mechanism within the selective permeable membrane to maintain its permeability by removing particulate build-up.

MEMBRANE BASED CARBON SEQUESTRATION
Abstract
A system for membrane-based carbon sequestration is presented, designed to efficiently capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from emission gases. The system comprises a gas intake unit that receives the emission gases, which are then directed to a pre-filtering component that removes impurities. Following this initial cleaning, the gases are channeled through a tailored selective permeable membrane unit that permits the permeation of CO2 while retaining other constituent gases. The permeated CO2 is collected and stored in a connected capture chamber. Residual gases, not permeated through the membrane, are safely released into the environment via an exhaust outlet, ensuring a comprehensive and environmentally friendly separation process.
, Claims:Claims
I/We Claim:
1. A system for membrane-based carbon sequestration, comprising:
a gas intake unit for receiving emission gases;
a pre-filtering component operatively connected to said gas intake unit to remove impurities from said emission gases;
a selective permeable membrane unit downstream of said pre-filtering component, tailored to permeate carbon dioxide (CO2) while retaining other gases;
a capture chamber fluidly connected to said selective permeable membrane unit for collecting and storing permeated CO2; and
an exhaust outlet for releasing the retained gases after separation.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a pressure modulator operatively connected to said selective permeable membrane unit, designed to optimize the pressure differential across said membrane, enhancing CO2 permeation rates.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein:
said selective permeable membrane unit comprises multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials designed for enhanced carbon sequestration efficiency.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a CO2 liquefaction subsystem downstream of said capture chamber, enabling the conversion of captured gaseous CO2 into a liquid state for efficient storage and transportation.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein:
said selective permeable membrane unit incorporates a self-cleaning mechanism, which maintains the membrane's permeability by periodically removing particulate build-up.
6. A method for membrane-based carbon sequestration, comprising the steps of:
introducing emission gases into a gas intake unit;
pre-filtering the received emission gases to remove impurities;
directing the pre-filtered gases through a selective permeable membrane tailored to permeate CO2 while retaining other gases;
capturing and storing the permeated CO2 in a designated chamber; and
expelling the retained gases post-separation through an exhaust outlet.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
modulating the pressure across the selective permeable membrane using a pressure modulator to optimize CO2 permeation rates.
8. The method of claim 6, involving:
utilizing multiple layers of carbon-capturing materials within the selective permeable membrane to enhance the efficiency of carbon sequestration.
9. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
converting the captured gaseous CO2 into a liquid state through a CO2 liquefaction subsystem, facilitating its storage and transportation.
10. The method of claim 6, including:
periodically activating a self-cleaning mechanism within the selective permeable membrane to maintain its permeability by removing particulate build-up.