METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR 3D MODEL MORPHING
The present invention relates to a method for three-dimensional
model morphing.
At present, morphing of a model based on real dynamic scenes or
even on images taken by cheap cameras can be a difficult problem. Three
dimensional, which in the remainder of this document will be abbreviated by 3D,
model artists may for instance spend a lot of time and effort to create highly
detailed and life-like 3D content and 3D animations. However this is not
desirable, and even not feasible in next-generation communication systems, were
3D visualizations of e.g. meeting participants have to be created on the fly.
It is therefore an object of embodiments of the present invention to
present a method and an arrangement for image model morphing, which is
able to generate high quality 3D image models based on two-dimensional,
hereafter abbreviated by 2D, video scenes from even lower quality real life
captions while at the same time providing a cheap, simple and automated
solution.
According to embodiments of the present invention this object is
achieved by a method for morphing a standard 3D model based on 2D image
data input, said method comprising the steps of
- performing an initial morphing of said standard 3D model using a
detection model and a morphing model, thereby obtaining a morphed standard
3D model
- determining the optical flow between the 2D image data input and
the morphed standard 3D model,
- applying the optical flow to said morphed standard 3D model,
thereby providing a fine tuned morphed 3D standard model.
In this way a classical detection based morphing is enhanced with
optical flow morphing. This results in much more realistic models, which can still
be realized in real time.
In an embodiment the optical flow between the 2D image data input
and the morphed standard 3D model is determined based on a previous fine
tuned morphed 3D standard model determined on a previous 2D image frame .
In a variant the optical flow determination between the 2D image data
input and the morphed standard 3D model may comprise :
- determining a first optical flow between the 2D projection of the
morphed standard 3D model and the 2D projection of the previous fine tuned
3D standard model,
- determining a second optical flow between the actual 2D frame and
the 2D projection of the previous fine tuned morphed 3D standard model,
- combining said first and second optical flow to obtain a third optical
flow between the actual 2D frame and the 2D projection of the morphed
standard 3D model,
- adapting said third optical flow based on depth information
obtained during the 2D projection of said morphed standard 3D model to obtain
the optical flow between the 2D image data input and the morphed standard 3D
model.
This allows for a high-quality and yet time efficient method.
In another embodiment the morphing model used in said initial
morphing step is adapted based on the optical flow between the 2D image data
input and the morphed standard 3D model. This will further increase the quality
of the resulting model, and its correspondence with the input video object.
In another embodiment the detection model used in said initial
morphing step, is adapted as well, based on optical flow information determined
between the between the 2D image frame and a previous 2D image frame.
This again adds to a more quick and more realistic shaping/morphing
of the 3D standard model in correspondence with the input 2D images.
In yet another variant the step of applying the optical flow comprises
an energy minimization procedure.
This may even further enhance the quality of the resulting fine tuned
morphed model.
The present invention relates as well to embodiments of an
arrangement for performing this method, for image or video processing devices
incorporating such an arrangement and to a computer program product
comprising software adapted to perform the aforementioned or claimed method
steps, when executed on a data-processing apparatus.
It is to be noticed that the term 'coupled', used in the claims, should
not be interpreted as being limitative to direct connections only. Thus, the scope
of the expression 'a device A coupled to a device B' should not be limited to
devices or systems wherein an output of device A is directly connected to an input
of device B. It means that there exists a path between an output of A and an
input of B which may be a path including other devices or means.
It is to be noticed that the term 'comprising', used in the claims,
should not be interpreted as being limitative to the means listed thereafter. Thus,
the scope of the expression 'a device comprising means A and B' should not be
limited to devices consisting only of components A and B. It means that with
respect to the present invention, the only relevant components of the device are A
and B.
As previously mentioned, during the whole of the text two-dimensional
will be abbreviated by 2D, while three-dimensional will be abbreviated by 3D..
The above and other objects and features of the invention will become
more apparent and the invention itself will be best understood by referring to the
following description of an embodiment taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a first high level embodiment of the method,
Figs. 2 and 3 show more detailed embodiments of some modules of
the embodiment depicted in Fig. 1,
Fig. 4 shows a high level schematic of another embodiment of the
method,
Figs. 5 and 6 show further details of some modules of the
embodiment depicted in Fig. 4,
Figs. 7-8 show two further detailed embodiments,
Fig. 9 shows another high level embodiment of the method,
Figs. 0-1 show two more detailed alternative embodiments.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any block
diagrams herein represent conceptual views of illustrative circuitry embodying the
principles of the invention. Similarly, it will be appreciated that any flow charts,
flow diagrams, state transition diagrams, pseudo code, and the like represent
various processes which may be substantially represented in computer readable
medium and so executed by a computer or processor, whether or not such
computer or processor is explicitly shown.
Fig. 1 shows a high-level scheme of a first embodiment of an
arrangement and a corresponding method for generating a high quality real
time 3D model from an input 2D video. The embodiment takes as input
successive frames of a video sequence. In fig. 1 the steps are explained for being
performed on a particular frame, being a 2D video frame at time T.
A first operation module 100 involves the morphing of an available,
standard, 3D model which is selected or stored beforehand, e.g. in a memory.
This standard 3D model is morphed in module 00 in accordance with the input
2D video frame at time T. Detailed embodiments for this morphing procedure
will be described with reference to fig. 2. The output of module 00 is thus a
morphed standard 3D model at time T.
Partly in parallel with the morphing step 100, the optical flow is
determined from the 2D video frame at time T towards the morphed standard
3D model at time T. This takes place in module 200 which has as input the 2D
video frame at time T, the morphed standard 3D model, as provided by module
00, and the output of the arrangement, determined in a previous time step.
This previously determined output concerns the fine tuned morphed 3D standard
model, determined at a previous time step, in the embodiment depicted in Fig. 1
being time T-l , and which is provided via a feedback connection from the output
of the arrangement to this module 200. In figure 1 the feedback loop is depicted
as incorporating a delay element D, such as to enable the provision of the
previously determined output. Of course a lot of other implementations, based
on simple memory storage, can be envisaged, thus obviating the need of a
dedicated delay element. It is also to be remarked that also the output
determined in another previous time step, thus not only that corresponding to the
previous video frame T-l , can be used. The delay has to be adapted accordingly
in these embodiments.
The embodiment of Fig. 1 further contains another module 300,
aimed to apply the optical flow, as determined in module 200, to the morphed
standard 3D model, provided by module 100. The basic idea is thus to combine
the model-based approach of module 00, which is using a relatively simple 3D
model, with more detailed flow-based morphing of module 300, whereby the
optical flow itself is derived in module 200. Indeed, when for instance applied to
facial modeling, the model-based morphing from module 00 may generally
result in somewhat artificial looking faces, which are then further augmented/
corrected with the flow-based morphing of module 300, with the optical flow
itself being determined by module 200.
As previously mentioned, the resulting fine tuned morphed 3D
standard model is used in a feedback loop for the determination of the optical
flow.
The following more detailed embodiments will be described with
reference to modeling of facial features. It is known to a person skilled in the art
how to use the teachings of this document for application to morphing of other
deformable objects in a video, such as e.g. animals etc.
Fig. 2 shows a more detailed embodiment of the standard 3D
morphing block 00 of Fig. 1. This module comprises a detection module such
as an AAM, being the abbreviation of Active Appearance Model, detection
module. However other embodiments exist using other detection models such as
the ASM, being the abbreviation of Active Shape Model.
This detection modulel 10 enables to detect facial features in the video
frame at time T, in accordance to a detection model, such as the AAM detection
model. AAM models and AAM detection are well known techniques in computer
vision for detecting feature points on non-rigid objects. AAM morphing can also
be extended to 3D localization in case 3D video is input to the system, and AAM
detection modules can detect feature points on other objects than faces as well.
The object category on which detection is performed may relate to the trainings
phase of the AAM model detection module, which training can have taken place
offline or in an earlier training procedure. In the described embodiment, the
AAM detection module 110 is thus trained to detect facial feature points such as
nose, mouth, eyes, eyebrows and cheeks, of a human face, being a non-rigid
object, detected in the 2D video frame. The AAM detection model used within the
AAM detection module 110 itself can thus be selected out of a set of models, or
can be pre-programmed or trained off line to be generically applicable to all
human faces.
In case of e.g. morphing of an animal model such as a cat, the
training procedure will then have been adapted to detect other important feature
points with respect to the form/potential expressions of this cat. These techniques
are also well known to a person skilled in the art
In the example of human face modeling, the AAM detection block 0
will generally comprise detecting rough movements of the human face in the
video frame, together or followed by detecting some more detailed facial
expressions related to human emotions. The relative or absolute positions of the
entire face in the live video frame are denoted as "position" information on fig.
1. This position information will be used to move and or rotate a 3D standard
model of a face, denoted "standard 3D model" in module 120 . In addition a
limited amount of facial expressions is also detected in module 110, by means of
some rough indication of position of nose, eyebrows, mouth etc . This output is
denoted "features" in fig. 1, and these are used in a morphing module 130 to
adapt corresponding facial features of the position adapted standard model as
output by module 120.
The 3D standard model, input to module 120 is also generally
available/ selectable from a standard database. Such as standard database can
comprise 3D standard models of a human face, and several animals such as
cats, dogs species etc. This standard 3D will thus be translated, rotated and/or
scaled in accordance with the position information from module 0.
In the case of human face modeling, this position adaptation step will
result in the 3D standard model reflecting the same pose as the face in the live
video feed. In order to further adapt the 3D model to the correct facial
expression of the 2D frame, the detected features from module 0 are applied
to the partially adjusted 3D standard model in step 30. This morphing module
30 further uses a particular adaptation model, denoted "morphing model" in
Fig. 2, which may comprise instructions of how to adapt facial features on a
standard 3D model in response to their provision from the detection module. In
case a AAM detection model was used, the morphing model will in general be
an AAM morphing model. Similar considerations hold in case other models such
as the aforementioned ASM morphing is used.
The result is thus a morphed standard 3D model provided by module
130.
An example implementation of this model-based morphing may
comprise repositioning the vertices of the standard model 3D relating to facial
features, based on the facial features detection results of the live video feed. The
3D content in between facial features can be further filled by simple linear
interpolation or, in case a more complex higher-order AAM morphing model
including elasticity of the face is used, higher order interpolation or even other
more complex functions are used. How the vertices are displaced and how the
data in between is filled in, is all comprised in a morphing model.
It may be remarked that despite the quality of the available (AAM)
detection and morphing models, still artificial-looking results may be obtained
because the generic applicable detection model is only used to detect the
location of the facial features in the live video feed, which are afterwards used to
displace the facial features in the 3D position adapted model based on their
location in the video feed. Regions between facial features in this 3D standard
model are then interpolated using an (AAM) morphing model. The latter has
however no or only limited knowledge about how the displacement of each facial
feature may possibly affect neighboring facial regions. Some general information
about facial expressions and their influence on facial regions, which may relate
to elasticity, can be put into this morphing model, but yet this will still result in
artificial-looking morphing results, simply because each person is different and
not all facial expressions can be covered in one very generic model covering all
human faces.
Similar considerations are valid for morphing other deformable
objects such as animals detected in video based on 3D standard models.
To further improve the morphed standard 3D model, this artificiallooking
morphing model provided by module 100, can be augmented using
flow-based morphing in step 300, as was earlier discussed with reference to Fig.
1.
Before performing this flow-based morphing-step the optical flow itself
has to be determined. Optical flow is defined here as the displacement or
pattern of apparent motion of objects, surfaces and edges in a visual scene from
one frame to the other or from a frame to a 2D or 3D model. In the
embodiments described here the methods for determining optical flow aim to
calculate the motion between two images taken at different instances in time,
e.g.T and T-l , at pixel level, or, alternatively aim at calculating the displacement
between a pixel at time T and a corresponding voxel in a 3D model at time T or
vice versa .
As the optical flow has to be applied in module 300 to the morphed
standard 3D model, based on the 2D video frame, the optical flow is to be
calculated from this frame to this 3D model. In general however optical flow
calculations are performed from a 2D frame to another 2D frame, therefore
some extra steps are added to determine the optical flow from a 2D frame to a
3D morphed model. This extra step may involve using a reference 3D input,
being the previously determined fine tuned 3D model, e.g. determined at T-l .
This information is thus provided from the output of the arrangement to module
200.
Fig. 3 depicts a detailed embodiment for realizing module 200. In this
embodiment a first module 250 is adapted to determine a first optical flow
between the 2D projection of the morphed standard 3D model and the 2D
projection of the previous fine tuned morphed 3D standard model. A second
module 290 is adapted to determine a second optical flow between the actual
2D frame at time T and the 2D projection of the previous fine tuned morphed 3D
standard model. A combining module 270 calculates a third optical flow from
said first and second optical flow. This third optical flow is the optical flow
between the actual 2D frame at time T and the 2D projection of the morphed
standard 3D model at time T. Module 280 will then further adapt this third
optical flow to obtain the desired optical flow between the 2D image data input
at time T and the morphed standard 3D model at time T. Further details will now
be described.
In order to determine the first optical flow between the 2D projection
of the morphed standard 3D model and the 2D projection of the previous fine
tuned morphed 3D standard model, these 2D projections are performed on the
respective 3D models provided to module 200. To this purpose module 230 is
adapted to perform a 2D rendering or projection on the morphed standard 3D
model as provided by module 00, whereas module 240 is adapted to perform
a similar 2D projection of the previous fine tuned morphed 3D standard model,
in the embodiment of Fig. 3, being the one determined at time T-l . The
projection parameters used in these projections are preferably corresponding to
the projection parameters of the video camera for recording the 2D video
frames. These relate to the calibration parameters of the video camera.
In the embodiment depicted in Fig. 3 module 290 comprises 3
further sub-modules. In module 220 thereof the optical flow between the present
video frame a time T and a previous one, in this case being the one at T-1 , video
is determined. The timing instance for the previous 2D frame is the same as the
timing instance for the previous fine tuned morphed 3D standard model.
Therefore the delay element 2 0 of module 290 introduces a same
delay as the one used in the feedback loop of the complete arrangement in fig.
.Of course again other embodiments are possible for providing this previous
value of the 2D video, which can thus also just be stored in an internal memory,
alleviating the need of an additional delay block.
The optical flow calculated between successive video frames T and T-1
is thus determined in module 220, and further used in module 260 such as to
determine the optical flow from the 2D projection of the 3D fine tuned output at
time T-1 to the 2D video frame at T. The projection itself was thus performed in
module 240. The projection parameters are such as to map to these used in the
2D camera with which the 2D video frames are recorded.
The determination of this second optical flow in step 260 takes into
account that the standard model and live video feed can sometimes represent
different persons, which anyhow should be aligned. In some embodiments
module 260 can comprise two steps: a first face registration step, where the face
shape of the live video feed at the previous frame T-1 is mapped to the face
shape of the 2D projection of the previous fine tuned morphed 3D content (on
time T-1) . This registration step can again make use of an AAM detector. Next,
the optical flow calculated on the live video feed at time T is aligned, e.g. by
means of interpolation to the face shape of the 2D projected 3D content at time
T-l . These embodiments are shown more into detail in Figs. 7 and 8.
The first optical flow determined between the 2D projections of the
morphed standard model at time T and the previously fine tuned standard model
at time T-l , by module 250, is then to be combined with the second optical flow
determined in module 260 to result in a third optical flow from the 2D video at
time T to the 2D projection of the morphed standard model at time T. This is in
2D the optical flow information which is actually desired. As this combination
involves subtracting a intermediate common element, being the 2D projection of
the previously determined fine tuned model, this combination is shown by means
of a "-" sign in module 270.
However as this determined third optical flow still concerns an optical
flow between two images in 2D, an additional step 280 is needed for the
conversion of this optical flow from the 2D video frame at time T to the 3D
content of the morphed standard 3D model at time T. This may involve backprojecting
using the inverse process as used during the 2D projection, thus with
the same projection parameters. To this purpose the depth, which resulted from
the 2D projection is used, for re-calculating vertices from 2D to 3D.
It is to be remarked that, instead of using successive frames and
successively determined fine tuned morphed 3D models, at times T and T-l , the
time gaps between a new frame and a previous frame may be longer than the
frame delay. In this case a corresponding previously determined output morphed
model is to be used, such that the timing difference between an actual frame and
a previous frame as used in module 200, corresponds to that between the new
to be determined output and the previous output used for determining the optical
flow. In an embodiment this can be realized by e.g. using similar delay elements
D in the feedback loop of fig. 1 and module 2 10 of fig. 3.
Module 300 of Fig. 1 then applies the thus calculated optical-flow to
the morphed standard 3D model, thereby generating the fine tuned morphed
3D standard model.
In a first variant embodiment of the arrangement, depicted in fig4, an
additional feedback loop is present between the output of module 200,
computing the optical flow between the 2D video at time T and the morphed
standard 3D model at this time T, to an adapted module 000 for performing
the initial morphing of the standard 3D model. This adapted module 000 is
further shown into detail on Fig. 5. Compared to fig. 2, this module 1000
receives an extra input signal, denoted "optical flow" provided by the output of
the optical flow calculating module 200, which information is used for adapting
the morphing model used in the morphing module 30 itself. An additional
module 40 within the morphing module 1000 thus updates the previous version
of the morphing model based on this optical flow information. In the
embodiment depicted in Fig. 5 again the use of a delay element is shown, but
other embodiments just storing a previous value are as well possible.
This update of the morphing model using optical flow feedback may
be useful because a standard generic morphing model has no knowledge about
how the displacement of each facial feature affects its neighboring face regions.
This is because there is no or not enough notion of elasticity in this basic
morphing model. The provision of optical flow information can therefore enable
the learning of more complex higher-order morphing models. The idea here is
that a perfect morphing model morphs the 3D standard model such that it
resembles the live video feed perfectly, in which case the "optical flow
combination" block 270 of module 200 would eventually result in no extra
optical flow to be applied, and thus be superfluous.
In another variant embodiment, depicted in Fig. 6, yet another
feedback loop is present, for feeding back an internal signal from the optical
flow calculating module 200, to the standard 3D morphing module 100. Fig. 7
depicts a detailed embodiment in this respect : the feedback is actually provided
from the optical flow at the 2D level between the video frames at time T and T-l ,
to an extra AAM or other detection model adaptation module itself. It can be
assumed that the optical flow calculated between frames T-l and T in the live
video feed maps the facial features detected in frame T-l to the facial features
detected in frame T. As it is possible that not all facial expressions as such are
covered by this etection model, facial feature detection in the live video feed can
sometimes fail. This scenario can be solved by adapting the detection model for
detecting the facial features such that it will include this facial expression so that
future occurrences are detected and accordingly applied to the 3D standard
model.
Fig. 8 shows an embodiment wherein all feedback loops described so
far are incorporated.
Fig. 9 shows another high level embodiment which implements a
more probabilistic approach to the combination of both model-based and flowbased
morphing. The model-based module 00 provides accurate
displacements of a limited sparse set of feature points of the 3D model, whereas
the flow-based module provides less accurate two dimensional displacement
estimates, but for a much denser set of points on the model. Combining these
different kinds of observations with different accuracies via a probabilistic
approach may obtain even more accurate results for the fine tuned morphed 3D
standard model. Such a probabilistic approach is realized by means of the
energy minimization module 400 of the embodiment of Fig. 9 .
In case of face modeling, such a probabilistic approach intuitively
allows for a n underlying elasticity model of the face to fill in the unobserved
gaps. A face can only move in certain ways. There are constraints o n the
movements. For instance, neighboring points o n the model will move in similar
ways. Also, symmetric points o n the face are correlated. This means that if you
see the left part of your face smile, there is a high probability that the right side
smiles as well, although this part may be unobserved.
Mathematically this can be formulated a s a n energy minimization
problem, consisting of two data terms and a smoothness term.
E = S + DFLOW + D MODEL
DFLOW is some distance metric between a proposed candidate solution
for the final fine tuned morphed 3 D model and what one could expect from
seeing the optical flow of the 2D input image alone. The better the proposed
candidate matches the probability distribution, given the observed dense optical
flow map, the lower this distance. The metric is weighted inversely proportional
to the accuracy of the optical flow estimate.
DMODEL is a similar metric, but represents the distance according to the
match between the candidate solution and the observed AAM-based morphed
3D model. It is also weighted inversely proportional to the accuracy of the AAM
algorithm.
S penalizes improbable motions of the face. It comprises two types of
subterms: absolute and relative penalties. Absolute penalties penalize
proportional to the improbability of a point of the face moving in the proposed
direction, tout court. Relative ones penalize in the same manner, but given the
displacement of neighboring points (or other relevant points, e.g. symmetric
points).
Energy minimization problems can be solved by numerous techniques.
Examples are: gradient descent methods, stochastic methods (simulated
annealing, genetic algorithms, random walks), graph cut, belief propagation,
Kalman filter, ... The objective is always the same: find the proposed morphed
3D model for which the energy in the above equation is minimal.
A more detailed embodiment for the embodiment of Fig. 9 is shown
in Fig. 0.
A second probabilistic embodiment is shown in figure . In this
embodiment the aligned optical flow is accumulated over time. Combining the
accumulated aligned optical flow and AAM detection/morphing result in an
energy minimization problem allows for an easy and real-like looking morphing
of the 3D database content. The potential drift induced by accumulating the
optical flow over time is taken care of by including the AAM morphing results.
And artificial looking morphing results are eliminated by including the optical
flow morphing results.
Note that all described embodiments are not limited to the morphing
of human faces only. Models for any non-rigid object can be built and used for
morphing in the model-based approach. In addition the embodiments are not
limited to the use of AAM models. Other models like e.g. ASM (Active Shape
Models) can be used during the initial morphing module 100.
While the principles of the invention have been described above in
connection with specific apparatus, it is to be clearly understood that this
description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation on the scope
of the invention, as defined in the appended claims. In the claims hereof any
element expressed as a means for performing a specified function is intended to
encompass any way of performing that function. This may include, for example,
a combination of electrical or mechanical elements which performs that function
or software in any form, including, therefore, firmware, microcode or the like,
combined with appropriate circuitry for executing that software to perform the
function, as well as mechanical elements coupled to software controlled circuitry,
if any. The invention as defined by such claims resides in the fact that the
functionalities provided by the various recited means are combined and brought
together in the manner which the claims call for, and unless otherwise specifically
so defined, any physical structure is of little or no importance to the novelty of the
claimed invention. Applicant thus regards any means which can provide those
functionalities as equivalent as those shown herein.
CLAIMS
1. Method for morphing a standard 3D model based on 2D image
data input, said method comprising the steps of
- performing an initial morphing ( 1 00) of said standard 3D model
using a detection model and a morphing model, thereby obtaining a morphed
standard 3D model
- determining (200) the optical flow between the 2D image data input
and the morphed standard 3D model,
- applying (300) the optical flow to said morphed standard 3D model,
thereby providing a fine tuned morphed 3D standard model.
2. Method according to claim 1 wherein the optical flow between the
2D image data input and the morphed standard 3D model is determined based
on a previous fine tuned morphed 3D standard model determined on a previous
2D image frame .
3. Method according to claim 2 wherein the optical flow
determination (200) between the 2D image data input and the morphed
standard 3D model comprises :
- determining (250) a first optical flow between the 2D projection of
the morphed standard 3D model and the 2D projection of the previous fine
tuned morphed 3D standard model,
- determining (290) a second optical flow between the actual 2D
frame and the 2D projection of the previous fine tuned morphed 3D standard
model ,
- combining (270) said first and second optical flow to obtain a third
optical flow between the actual 2D frame and the 2D projection of the morphed
standard 3D model,
- adapting (280) said third optical flow based on depth information
obtained during the 2D projection of said morphed standard 3D model to obtain
the optical flow between the 2D image data input and the morphed standard 3D
model.
4. Method according to any of the previous claims 1-3 further
comprising a step of adapting ( 140) the morphing model used in said initial
morphing step ( 000) based on the optical flow between the 2D image data
input and the morphed standard 3D model.
5. Method according to any of the previous claims 1-4 further
comprising a step of adapting the detection model used in said initial morphing
step, based on optical flow information determined between the between the 2D
image frame and a previous 2D image frame.
6. Method according to any of the previous claims 1-3 wherein said
step of applying the optical flow comprises an energy minimization procedure
(400).
7. Arrangement for morphing a standard 3D model based on 2D
image data input, said arrangement being adapted to
- perform an initial morphing ( 00) of said standard 3D model using
a detection model and a morphing model, thereby obtaining a morphed
standard 3D model,
- determine (200) the optical flow between the 2D image data input
and the morphed standard 3D model,
- apply (300) the optical flow to said morphed standard 3D model,
thereby providing a fine tuned morphed 3D standard model to an output of said
arrangement.
8. Arrangement according to claim 7 further being adapted to
determine the optical flow between the 2D image data input and the morphed
standard 3D model based on a previous fine tuned morphed 3D standard model
determined on a previous 2D image frame .
9. Arrangement according to claim 8 further being adapted to
determine the optical flow between the 2D image data input and the morphed
standard 3D model by:
- determining (250) a first optical flow between the 2D projection of
the morphed standard 3D model and the 2D projection of the previous fine
tuned morphed 3D standard model,
- determining (290) a second optical flow between the actual 2D
frame and the 2D projection of the previous fine tuned morphed 3D standard
model,
- combining (270) said first and second optical flow to obtain a third
optical flow between the actual 2D frame and the 2D projection of the morphed
standard 3D model,
- adapting (280) said third optical flow based on depth information
obtained during the 2D projection of said morphed standard 3D model to obtain
the optical flow between the 2D image data input and the morphed standard 3D
model.
0. Arrangement according to any of the previous claims 7-9 further
being enabled to adapt ( 1 40) the morphing model used in said initial morphing
step ( 000) based on the optical flow between the 2D image data input and the
morphed standard 3D model.
. Arrangement according to any of the previous claims 7-1 0 further
being enabled to adapt the detection model used in said initial morphing step,
based on optical flow information determined between the between the 2D
image frame and a previous 2D image frame.
12. Image processing apparatus comprising an arrangement as set
out in any of the previous claims 7 to .
13. A computer program product comprising software adapted to
perform the method steps in accordance to any of the claims 1 to 6, when
executed on a data-processing apparatus