Method And Reactor Containing Perovskite Coating For Cracking Hydrocarbon And Method For Coating The Reactor
Abstract:
A reactor has an inner surface accessible to the hydrocarbon and comprising a sintered product of at least one of cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide, and a perovskite material of formula : AaBbCcDd03-δ. 0
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Notices, Deadlines & Correspondence
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Building K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
2. PENG Wenqing
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Building K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
3. WANG Shizhong
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Building K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
4. LIN Chuan
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Building K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
5. KOOL Lawrence Bernard
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Building K1 3a59
Niskayuna NY 12309
6. WU Zhaoping
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Building K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
7. FU Qijia
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Building K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
8. DENG Zhigang
Room 502 No 66
Lane No. 300 West Chuangxin Road
Shanghai 201203
Specification
METHOD AND REACTOR CONTAINING PEROVSKITE COATING FOR CRACKING HYDROCARBON AND
METHOD FOR COATING THE REACTOR
BACKGROUND
[0001] The invention relates generally to methods and reactors for cracking
hydrocarbon and methods for coating the reactors. More specifically, the invention
relates to methods and reactors for cracking hydrocarbon, in which the build-up of
coke deposits are undesirable.
[0002] In the petrochemical industry, hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane, butane,
naphtha and gas oil are cracked in reactors, in the presence of from about 30 weight
percentage (wt%) to about 70 wt% of steam, at temperature of from about 700 °C to
870 °C in order to produce light olefins such as ethylene, propylene and hutene.
Sometimes, hydrocarbons such as bottoms from atmospheric and vacuum distillation
of crude oil are cracked in reactors at a temperature in a range from about 480 °C to
about 600 °C in the presence of about 1 wt% to about 2 wt% steam to produce light
hydrocarbon fractions and coke.
[0003] The reactor is usually a pyrolysis furnace comprising a firebox through which
runs an array of tubing. The array of tubing and corresponding fittings may total
several hundred meters in length. The array of tubing may comprise straight or
serpentine tubes.
[0004] During hydrocarbon cracking processes, the build-up of carbonaceous deposits
(i.e. coke deposits) usually happens on inner surfaces of reactor components, for
instance, inner radiant tube surfaces of furnace equipment The inner radiant tube
surfaces become gradually coated with a layer of coke, which raises the radiant tube
metal temperature (TMT) and increases the pressure drop through radiant coils. In
addition, coke build-up adversely affects the physical characteristics of the reactor
components, such as the radiant tubes, by deteriorating mechanical properties such as
stress rupture, thermal fatigue, and ductility due to carburization.[0005] In order to deeoke reactor components, the hydrocarbon cracking must be
periodically stopped. Typically, the decoking is carried out by combustion of the coke
deposits with steam/air at temperatures of up to 1000 °C. Such decoking operations
are required approximately every 10 to 80 days, depending on the operation mode,
types of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbons throughput, and result in production loss
since hydrocarbons feeding must be stopped for such decoking operation.
[0006] A variety of methods have been considered in order to overcome the
disadvantages of coke build-up on reactor components, such as furnace tube inner
surfaces. These methods include: metallurgy upgrade to alloys with increased
chromium content of the metal substrates used in the furnaces; adding additives such
as sulfur, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) or hydrogen sulfide to
the feedstock; and increasing steam dilution of feedstock.
[0007] While some of the aforementioned methods have general use in the
petrochemical industry, it is desirable to provide a new method and reactor that
obviates and mitigates the shortcomings of the prior art and successfully reduces or
eliminates the build-up of coke deposits.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
[0008] In one aspect, the invention relates to a method for cracking hydrocarbon,
comprising: providing steam and hydrocarbon; and feeding steam and hydrocarbon
into a reactor having an inner surface accessible to hydrocarbon, the inner surface
comprising a sintered product of a perovskite material of formula AaBbCcDdO3- δand
an inorganic material, wherein the inorganic material comprises at least one of cerium
oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide; 0