FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 (39 OF 1970)
&
THE PATENT RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
“METHOD AND SYSTEM OF ENABLING BACKHAUL DAISY CHAINING IN INTEGRATED MACRO NODE”
We, Jio Platforms Limited, an Indian National, of Office - 101, Saffron, Nr. Centre Point, Panchwati 5 Rasta, Ambawadi, Ahmedabad - 380006, Gujarat, India.
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.
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METHOD AND SYSTEM OF ENABLING BACKHAUL DAISY CHAINING IN INTEGRATED MACRO NODE
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
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The present disclosure relates generally to the field of wireless communication systems. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to methods and systems for enabling cost effective backhaul daisy chaining support in at least one integrated macro node, wherein an integrated macro node is a 5th generation integrated macro next-generation Node B.
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BACKGROUND
The following description of related art is intended to provide background information pertaining to the field of the disclosure. This section may include certain aspects of the art that may be related to various features of the present disclosure. However, it should be appreciated that this 15 section be used only to enhance the understanding of the reader with respect to the present disclosure, and not as admissions of prior art.
Wireless communication technology has rapidly evolved over the past few decades, with each generation bringing significant improvements and advancements. The first generation of wireless 20 communication technology was based on analog technology and offered only voice services. However, with the advent of the second-generation (2G) technology, digital communication and data services became possible, and text messaging was introduced. Third Generation (3G) technology marked the introduction of high-speed internet access, mobile video calling, and location-based services. The fourth-generation (4G) technology revolutionized wireless 25 communication with faster data speeds, better network coverage, and improved security. Currently, the fifth-generation (5G) technology is being deployed, promising even faster data speeds, low latency, and the ability to connect multiple devices simultaneously. With each
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generation, wireless communication technology has become more advanced, sophisticated, and capable of delivering more services to its users.
In 5G network, an integrated macro node is a 5G new radio (NR) Integrated Macro gNB (also referred herein as IMG). The IMG is a 200W high power gNB (Next-Generation Node B), which 5 operates in macro class (typically 50W or 47dBm per antenna port) with 4 Transmitting 4 Receiving (4T4R) configuration. The IMG complements macro-level wide-area solutions requiring good coverage and limited capacity but still have extremely low latency and is particularly beneficial in rural and Sub-Urban areas. The 5G NR gNB (i.e., IMG) brings together an application layer, media access control layer (MAC layer) and baseband layer based on Baseband Processor 10 chipset, radio frequency (RF) transceiver based on application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) transceiver and RF front end module (RF-FEM) which includes RF High power amplifiers, Low noise amplifiers (LNA), RF switch and cavity filter—for instance all in a convection cooled passive enclosure and weighing < 18 kg. The IMG is more power efficient and cost-efficient deployment solution for low dense clutters, which is becoming the major criteria in 5G product design. 15
Also, in 5G network, 5G base-stations (BS) are called 5G Base-station Distributed Units (gNB-DUs). Further, in 5G network, macro 5G BSs are overlaid by small cells (gNB-DUs). Moreover, generally in 5G networks to cover complete 360-degree radio frequency (RF) coverage footprint three cells/sectors/integrated macro nodes (IMGs) namely alpha, beta and gamma are installed on one 20 telecom site / cell site, which requires individual backhaul port at a cell site switch and optical fibre cable routing at top of a tower at the telecom site. This requirement adds up to infrastructure cost for the network operator.
Thus, there exists an imperative need in the art to reduce the infrastructure cost for the network 25 operator by providing an efficient 5th generation integrated macro next-generation Node B (i.e., may be referred here as IMG), which the present disclosure aims to address.
OBJECTS OF THE DISCLOSURE
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Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment disclosed herein satisfies are listed herein below.
It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a system and a method to cater the capacity 5 of a complete site using one 10G backhaul connection on one of the three sectors of the telecom site thus resulting into efficient fibre capacity utilization of the network.
It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a solution that includes a daisy chain support in Integrated Macro gNB (IMG) on 10G SFP28 interface by using cost effective 10G re-10 timer instead of costly 10G optical PHY, wherein the 10G SFP28 is a small form-factor pluggable (SFP+) transceiver module that offers a higher bandwidth to support high-speed connectivity.
It is yet another object of the present disclosure to provide capital expenditure (CAPEX) improvement per telecom site in the network by eliminating the need of an additional cell site 15 router and additional optical fibre cable routing for at least two sectors.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
This section is provided to introduce certain implementations of the present disclosure in a 20 simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify the key features or the scope of the claimed subject matter.
An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system for enabling backhaul daisy chaining in an integrated macro node. The system comprises an integrated baseband and transceiver module, 25 wherein the integrated baseband and transceiver module is configured with a secondary port configured to facilitate a daisy chain connection across a plurality of integrated macro nodes. Further the system comprises a radio frequency (RF) front-end module in connection with the integrated baseband and transceiver module. Also, the system comprises a cavity filter. The
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system also comprises an interface for external antenna. Also, the integrated baseband and transceiver module is further configured with a primary port. The primary port provides a connection to a first fibre optical cable to establish a backhaul connection between any of the plurality of integrated macro nodes and a network. The secondary port provides a connection to a second fibre optical cable to establish the daisy chain connection between said any of the 5 plurality of integrated macro nodes and a remaining integrated macro node of the plurality of integrated macro nodes.
In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes is a 5th generation integrated Next-Generation Node B (gNodeB). 10
In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the plurality of integrated macro nodes comprises at least a first integrated macro node, a second integrated macro node, and a third integrated macro node.
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In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the primary port and the secondary port corresponds to an additional 10 Gig port.
In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the daisy chain connection is established based at least on a re-timer. 20
In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, each of the first fibre optic cable and the second fibre optic cable is a small form-factor pluggable (SFP28) cable.
In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the integrated baseband and transceiver 25 module further comprises a network processor configured to distinguish one or more data packets, received at the integrated baseband and transceiver module, corresponding to one of a user plane, a control plane, and a management plane based at least on corresponding virtual local area network (VLAN) identifiers associated with the one or more data packets.
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In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the system further comprises a data path switch (DPSW) for each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes, wherein the DPSW comprises pre-programmed configurations for individual media access control (MAC) addresses of said each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes. 5
In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the RF front-end module comprises at least RF high power amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, RF switch, and the cavity filter.
In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the secondary port negates a need for separate 10 backhaul connection for each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes and allows retention of one or more ports for later use during deployment of new integrated macro nodes.
In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the integrated baseband and transceiver module is configured to utilize a single 10G backhaul connection to connect to one of the plurality 15 of integrated macro nodes.
In an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, the configured integrated baseband and transceiver module eliminates the need for an additional cell site router and additional optical fibre cable routing for remaining integrated macro node of the plurality of integrated macro 20 nodes.
Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for enabling backhaul daisy chaining in an integrated macro node. The method comprises receiving, at an integrated baseband and transceiver module, one or more data packets. The method further comprises distinguishing, via 25 a network processor, the one or more data packets corresponding to at least one of a user plane, a control plane, and a management plane of an integrated macro node within a coverage area of a cell site based at least on corresponding virtual local area network (VLAN) identifiers associated with the one or more data packets. Further the method comprises routing, via a data path switch
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(DPSW) associated with each of a plurality of integrated macro nodes, the one or more data packets to a corresponding integrated macro node.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
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The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein, and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosed methods and systems in which like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the different drawings. Components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Some drawings may indicate the components using block 10 diagrams and may not represent the internal circuitry of each component. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that disclosure of such drawings includes disclosure of electrical components, electronic components or circuitry commonly used to implement such components.
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FIG.1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a system [100] for enabling backhaul daisy chaining in an integrated macro node, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG.1a illustrates a high level block diagram of an Integrated Baseband and Transceiver Board, in 20 accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG.2 illustrates a high level Backhaul Daisy Chain Architecture diagram [200] of a cell site, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
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FIG.3 illustrates an exemplary flow diagram indicating a method [300] for enabling backhaul daisy chaining in an integrated macro node, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
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FIG.4 illustrates a Detailed Backhaul Daisy Chain Architecture diagram [400] of a cell site, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The foregoing shall be more apparent from the following more detailed description of the disclosure. 5
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, various specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will 10 be apparent, however, that embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. Several features described hereafter can each be used independently of one another or with any combination of other features. An individual feature may not address any of the problems discussed above or might address only some of the problems discussed above. Some of the problems discussed above might not be fully addressed by any of the features 15 described herein. Example embodiments of the present disclosure are described below, as illustrated in various drawings in which like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the different drawings.
The ensuing description provides exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the 20 scope, applicability, or configuration of the disclosure. Rather, the ensuing description of the exemplary embodiments will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing an exemplary embodiment. It should be understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as set forth. 25
Specific details are given in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, circuits, systems,
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processes, and other components may be shown as components in block diagram form in order not to obscure the embodiments in unnecessary detail.
Also, it is noted that individual embodiments may be described as a process which is depicted as a flowchart, a flow diagram, a data flow diagram, a structure diagram, or a block diagram. 5 Although a flowchart may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations may be performed in parallel or concurrently. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A process is terminated when its operations are completed but could have additional steps not included in a figure.
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The word “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the avoidance of doubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by such examples. In addition, any aspect or design described herein as “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs, nor is it meant to preclude equivalent exemplary structures and 15 techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has,” “contains,” and other similar words are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive—in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as an open transition word—without precluding any additional or other elements.
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As used herein, a “processing unit” or “processor” or “operating processor” or “network processor” includes one or more processors, wherein processor refers to any logic circuitry for processing instructions. A processor may be a general-purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a (Digital Signal Processing) DSP core, a controller, a 25 microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits, Field Programmable Gate Array circuits, any other type of integrated circuits, etc. The processor may perform signal coding data
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processing, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that enables the working of the system according to the present disclosure. More specifically, the processor or processing unit is a hardware processor.
As used herein, a “data path switch (DPSW)” provides a functionality of a general layer 2 switch. The DPSW receives one or more packets on one port and sends said one or more packets on 5 another port. The DPSW can also send one or more packets out on multiple ports for the purposes of broadcast, multi-cast, and/or mirroring.
As used herein, a “Datapath Ethernet MAC (DPMAC)” represents an Ethernet MAC, a hardware device that connects to an Ethernet PHY and allows physical transmission and reception of 10 Ethernet frames.
As used herein a Datapath Network Interface (DPNI) contains transmit/receive data queues, network interface configuration, and receive data buffer pool configuration mechanisms.
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As discussed in the background section, the current known solutions have several shortcomings. The present disclosure aims to overcome the above-mentioned and other existing problems in this field of technology by providing method and system for enabling backhaul daisy chaining in an integrated macro node, wherein the backhaul daisy chaining is a wiring scheme in which one or more another integrated macro node are wired together with the integrated macro node such 20 that a primary port (say SPF1) of the integrated macro node is used as a backhaul connection to a network (say 5G core network) and a secondary port (say SFP2) of the integrated macro node is used for daisy chaining with the one or more another integrated macro nodes (IMGs). Furthermore, in an implementation the IMG and/or another IMG may be an integrated macro node with Carrier Aggregation (IMG with CA). 25
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More specifically, as disclosed in the present disclosure the integrated macro node (i.e., 5G Integrated Macro gNB) is an “All-in-one” unit having the Hardware Design, Physical Layer (PHY) Software and Media Access Control (MAC) Scheduler functions developed to have cost efficiencies and full control over the 5G Integrated Macro gNB. The present disclosure provides a backhaul daisy chain support in the 5G NR Integrated Macro gNB (IMG) and 5G NR Integrated 5 Macro gNB with Carrier Aggregation (IMG with CA) products. For instance, the present disclosure provides a backhaul daisy chain support in at least one of a 700 MHz IMG with CA and standalone IMG, however the disclosure is not limited thereto. The present disclosure encompasses enabling a backhaul daisy chain support in an IMG, by providing:
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1.
A design approach to include a daisy chain support in the IMG on 10G SFP28 interface by using cost effective 10G re-timer instead of costly 10G optical PHY.
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A design approach to cater the capacity of complete cell site using one 10G backhaul connection on one of the three sectors/IMGs of the cell site thus resulting into efficient fiber capacity utilization of the network. 15
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A technique to process an individual cell data without affecting the data quality and integrity. Particularly, a technique to provide distinction of data packets based on an optical interface MAC address, and a technique to route user plane, control plane and management plane data packet to its desired destination sector/IMG.
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Furthermore, the 5G NR Integrated Macro gNB design as disclosed in the present disclosure has an integrated solution with cavity filter without any use of cable, wherein the cavity filter is a type of bandpass filter that can be used to selectively pass or reject specific frequencies in the radio frequency spectrum thereby improving signal quality and reducing interference by filtering out unwanted signals before transmission or reception. Thus, making it a cable less design. It can 25 be easily installed in Tower sites, Ground Based Towers (GBTs) and Ground Based Masts (GBMs). It is quick to deploy and delivers high performance with low power consumption. Thus, making it a power efficient solution. It offers two 10G Fiber Optic interfaces (SFP28) namely SFP1 and
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SFP2. In an implementation, the SFP1 is used as a backhaul connection to 5G core network and the SFP2 is used for daisy chaining with another IMG or IMG with CA.
Particularly, based on the implementation of features as disclosed in the present disclosure, a single backhaul port on a cell site switch and a single optical fiber cable is sufficient at top of a 5 tower to support all sectors of a cell site having a plurality of cells/sectors/IMGs (for example 3 cells). Further, at the cell site having three cells/sectors, other two cells (i.e., cells other than the one having single backhaul port for a direct backhaul connection to 5G core network) are connected in daisy chain configuration (i.e., wired together in a sequence). Also, the backhaul daisy chain supported IMG as disclosed in the present disclosure has the capability to distinguish 10 the data packets of individual cells/sectors/IMGs and in the backhaul daisy chain supported IMG the data forwarding is processed for the other cells/sectors without affecting the quality and integrity of the data.
Furthermore, as disclosed in the present disclosure the backhaul daisy chain support at a cell site 15 provides capital expenditure (CAPEX) improvement per cell site in the network by eliminating the need of an additional cell site router and additional optical fiber cable routing for at least two sectors/IMGs. Also, based on a backhaul daisy chain support at a cell site having plurality of cells say for example three cells, a single backhaul cable is sufficient for all three cells on top of a tower, thus saving the infrastructure cost of two additional fibre cable routing for two sectors 20 and eliminating the need of an additional cell site switch router.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
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Referring to FIG.1 that illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a system [100] for enabling backhaul daisy chaining in an integrated macro node, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In an implementation the system [100] resides within each of a plurality of integrated macro nodes to enable the backhaul daisy chaining. The system
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[100] encompasses at least an integrated baseband and transceiver module (IBTM) [102], a radio frequency (RF) front-end module [104] in connection with the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102], a cavity filter [104a], an interface [106] for external antenna and a data path switch (DPSW) [108]. The RF front-end module comprises at least RF high power amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, RF switch, and the cavity filter [104a]. Also, all of the components/ units of 5 the system [100] are assumed to be connected to each other unless otherwise indicated below. Also, in FIG. 1 only a few units/components are shown, however, the system [100] may also comprise any such component(s) and/or circuitry(s) that are obvious to a person skilled in the art for implementation of features of the present disclosure.
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The system [100] is configured for enabling cost effective backhaul daisy chaining support in the integrated macro node, with the help of the interconnection between the components/units of the system [100].
Particularly, the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] is configured with a primary 15 port [102b1], wherein the primary port [102b1] corresponds to an additional 10 Gig (10G) port. In an implementation, the primary port [102b1] is small form-factor pluggable 1 (SFP1) port. The primary port [102b1] provides a connection to a first fibre optical cable to establish a backhaul connection between any of the plurality of integrated macro nodes and a network [101] (say 5G network). In an implementation, the plurality of integrated macro nodes comprises at least a first 20 integrated macro node, a second integrated macro node, and a third integrated macro node. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the plurality of integrated macro nodes may include more than three integrated macro nodes (i.e., not limiting to three integrated macro nodes). Further, each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes is a 5th generation integrated Next-Generation Node B (gNodeB). Also, the first fibre optic cable is a small form-factor pluggable 25 (SFP28) cable. Further, the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] is configured to utilize a single 10G backhaul connection to connect to one or more of the plurality of integrated macro nodes.
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Moreover, the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] is configured with a secondary port [102b2] configured to facilitate a daisy chain connection across the plurality of integrated macro nodes. Also, a high level block diagram of an Integrated Baseband and Transceiver Board [102], in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 1a. More specifically, the FIG. 1a depicts that the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] 5 comprises the network processor [102a], wherein the network processor [102a] is configured with: 1) the primary port [102b1] for the backhaul connection, and 2) the secondary port [102b2] for facilitating the daisy chain connection across the plurality of integrated macro nodes. Further, the daisy chain connection across the plurality of integrated macro nodes refers to a sequential connection within the plurality of integrated macro nodes. Therefore, the secondary port [102b2] 10 facilitates the sequential connection across the plurality of integrated macro nodes.
More specifically, the secondary port [102b2] corresponds to an additional 10 Gig (10G) port configured with the IBTM [102]. In an implementation, the secondary port [102b2] is small form-factor pluggable 2 (SFP2) port. Also, the secondary port [102b2] provides a connection to a 15 second fibre optical cable to establish the daisy chain connection between any of the plurality of integrated macro nodes and a remaining integrated macro node of the plurality of integrated macro nodes. The second fibre optic cable is a small form-factor pluggable (SFP28) cable. The daisy chain connection is established based at least on a re-timer. The secondary port [102b2] negates a need for separate backhaul connection for each of the plurality of integrated macro 20 nodes and allows retention of one or more ports for later use during deployment of new integrated macro nodes. Therefore, the present disclosure provides an efficient and cost-effective approach to include the daisy chain support in the plurality of integrated macro nodes on 10G SFP28 interface by using cost effective 10G re-timer instead of costly 10G optical PHY.
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For instance, exemplary backhaul connection facilitated by the primary port [102b1] and exemplary daisy chain connection facilitated by the secondary port [102b2] is depicted in FIG.2. More specifically, FIG.2 depicts a high level backhaul daisy chain architecture diagram [200] (i.e., a diagram depicting an overview) of a cell site, in accordance with an embodiment of the present
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disclosure. The high level backhaul daisy chain architecture diagram [200] depicts a 5G core network [202] and three exemplary integrated macro nodes named for instance as Radio1 – IMG Alpha [204], Radio2 – IMG Beta [206] and Radio3 – IMG Gamma [208], wherein as mentioned above the IMG is referred for the 5G new radio (NR) Integrated Macro gNB. Further, in an implementation, each of the three integrated macro nodes comprises the system [100] (the 5 components/units of the system [100] are not shown in FIG.2 for clear depiction of the High Level Backhaul Daisy Chain Architecture diagram [200] (i.e., the diagram depicting the overview) of the cell site) which further comprises the primary port [102b1] and the secondary port [102b2]. Therefore, as depicted in the FIG. 2 each of the three integrated macro nodes comprises the primary port [102b1] (i.e., SFP1) and the secondary port [102b2] (i.e., SFP2), wherein the primary 10 port [102b1] facilitates the backhaul connection and the secondary port [102b2] facilitates the daisy chain connection.
Particularly, FIG.2 depicts an exemplary scenario where the primary port [102b1] (i.e., SFP1) of the Radio1 – IMG Alpha [204] facilitates a backhaul connection between the Radio1 – IMG Alpha 15 [204] and the 5G core network [202] and the secondary port [102b2] (i.e., SFP2) of the Radio1 – IMG Alpha [204] facilitates a daisy chain connection with the Radio2 – IMG Beta [206]. Also, as depicted in the FIG.2, the primary port [102b1] (i.e., SFP1) of each of the Radio2 – IMG Beta [206] and Radio3 – IMG Gamma [208] facilitates backhaul connection. Further, the secondary port [102b2] (i.e., SFP2) of each of the Radio2 – IMG Beta [206] and Radio3 – IMG Gamma [208] 20 facilitates the daisy chain connection. The daisy chain connection helps in streamlining communication between the integrated macro nodes by simplifying cabling connections and facilitating data transmission and data processing.
Further, the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] also comprises the network 25 processor [102a] configured to distinguish one or more data packets, received at the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102], corresponding to one of a user plane, a control plane, and a management plane based at least on corresponding virtual local area network (VLAN) identifiers associated with the one or more data packets. Also, the system [100] comprises the
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data path switch (DPSW) [108] for each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes, wherein the DPSW [108] comprises pre-programmed configurations for individual media access control (MAC) addresses of said each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes. The data path switch (DPSW) [108] associated with each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes routes the one or more data packets to a corresponding integrated macro node. The DPSW [108] facilitates 5 efficient packet forwarding within the integrated macro nodes by quickly identifying and routing the one or more data packets based on their destination MAC addresses.
Therefore, the data packet(s) of individual integrated macro nodes are therefore distinguished and data forwarding is processed for other integrated macro node(s) without affecting the quality 10 and integrity of the data. Also, the configured integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] eliminates the need for an additional cell site router and additional optical fibre cable routing for remaining integrated macro node of the plurality of integrated macro nodes. For instance, in scenario of a multi-cell (e.g., up to 3 cells) deployment on a telecom site, based on the implementation of the features of the present disclosure, backhaul daisy chaining can be 15 implemented which further helps in reducing a port count requirement on cell site switch by leveraging additional 10 Gig port available on the deployed multiple cells in the multi-cell deployment.
Moreover, based on the implementation of the features of the present disclosure, even in worst 20 case if all integrated macro nodes/cells on the telecom site are serving peak throughput (e.g. 1.5/2 Gbps), the 10 Gig port of the cell/IMG/integrated macro node connected to the switch can handle the total traffic (e.g. 6 Gbps) thus resulting in effective and efficient utilization of the network resources. Also, since only one port of cell site switch is utilized, the saved ports (e.g., saved two ports in scenarios where total three integrated macro nodes are deployed) can be 25 planned for a new site. This will result into effective utilization of cell site switch and reduced cost.
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Also, an exemplary flow diagram indicating a method [300] for enabling backhaul daisy chaining in an integrated macro node is depicted in FIG.3. Now, referring to FIG.3 that illustrates the exemplary flow diagram indicating the method [300] for enabling the backhaul daisy chaining in the integrated macro node, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method [300] is implemented via the system [100] and in an implementation the system [100] 5 resides within each of a plurality of integrated macro nodes to enable the backhaul daisy chaining. Further, it is pertinent to note that the system [100] comprises the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102], wherein the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] is configured with the primary port [102b1] and the secondary port [102b2]. The primary port [102b1] provides a connection to a first fibre optical cable to establish a backhaul connection 10 between any of the plurality of integrated macro nodes and the network [101]. The secondary port [102b2] provides a connection to a second fibre optical cable to establish the daisy chain connection between said any of the plurality of integrated macro nodes and a remaining integrated macro node of the plurality of integrated macro nodes. In an implementation, each of the primary port [102b1] and the secondary port [102b2] corresponds to an additional 10 Gig 15 port. Also, each of the first fibre optic cable and the second fibre optic cable is a small form-factor pluggable (SFP28) cable.
The integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] also utilizes a single 10G backhaul connection to connect to one or more of the plurality of integrated macro nodes. Also, the daisy 20 chain connection is established based at least on a re-timer, and each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes is a 5th generation integrated Next-Generation Node B (gNodeB). In an implementation, the plurality of integrated macro nodes comprises at least a first integrated macro node, a second integrated macro node, and a third integrated macro node. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the plurality of integrated macro nodes may include more 25 than three integrated macro nodes (i.e., not limiting to three integrated macro nodes). Also, each integrated macro node from the plurality of integrated macro nodes is associated with a corresponding data path switch (DPSW) [108], wherein the DPSW [108] comprises pre-
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programmed configurations for individual media access control (MAC) addresses of said each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes.
Further as depicted in FIG.3, to enable the backhaul daisy chaining the method starts at step [302]. 5
Next, at step [304] the method encompasses receiving, at an integrated baseband and transceiver module [102], one or more data packets.
Further, at step [306] the method encompasses distinguishing, via the network processor [102a], 10 the one or more data packets corresponding to at least one of a user plane, a control plane, and a management plane of an integrated macro node within a coverage area of a cell site based at least on corresponding virtual local area network (VLAN) identifiers associated with the one or more data packets.
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Thereafter, at step [308] the method encompasses routing, via the data path switch (DPSW) [108] associated with each of a plurality of integrated macro nodes, the one or more data packets to a corresponding integrated macro node.
Further, for routing of the one or more data packets the method encompasses the following 20 steps:
Initially, the method encompasses receiving one or more data packets. After the receipt of the one or more data packets, the method leads to determining whether a media access control (MAC) address associated with the one or more data packets corresponds to one of a control 25 plane and a management plane of an integrated macro node connected with a network. Thereafter, upon determining that the MAC address associated with the one or more data packets corresponds to one of the control plane and the management plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101]. Further, the method comprises routing the one
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or more data packets to a thread corresponding to the one or more data packets, wherein said routing of the one or more data packets is within one of the control plane and the management plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101] for subsequent processing.
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Also, upon determining that the MAC address of the one or more data packets does not correspond to one of the control plane and the management plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101], the method encompasses identifying whether the MAC address of the one or more data packets corresponds to a user plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101]. 10
Further, upon identifying that the MAC address of the one or more data packets corresponds to the user plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101], the method comprises routing the one or more data packets to the thread corresponding to the one or more data packets, wherein said routing of the one or more data packets is within the user plane of 15 the integrated macro node connected with the network [101] for subsequent processing.
Moreover, upon identifying that the MAC address of the one or more data packets does not correspond to the user plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101], the method comprises routing the one or more data packets to a subsequent integrated macro 20 node in a daisy chain connection with the integrated macro node connected with the network [101]. Therefore, the method facilitates routing the one or more data packets in the daisy chain connection, thereby enabling the backhaul daisy chaining in the integrated macro node(s).
The method after enabling the backhaul daisy chaining in the integrated macro node(s) and 25 routing the one or more data packets terminates at step [310].
Additionally, a Detailed Backhaul Daisy Chain Architecture diagram [400] of a cell site, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure is depicted in FIG.4. The Detailed
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Backhaul Daisy Chain Architecture diagram [400] depicts a routing of exemplary data packets in an exemplary cell site deployment having three integrated macro nodes namely IMG Alpha [404], IMG Beta [406] and IMG Gamma [408].
As depicted in the FIG.4, the integrated macro nodes i.e., the IMG Alpha [404], the IMG Beta 5 [406] and the IMG Gamma [408] are facilitated with backhaul daisy chaining in accordance with the features of the present disclosure. Particularly, each of the IMG Alpha [404], the IMG Beta [406] and the IMG Gamma [408] comprises the system [100] for the backhaul daisy chaining, and the FIG. 4 depicts the data path switch (DPSW) [108] of the system [100] in each of the IMG Alpha [404], the IMG Beta [406] and the IMG Gamma [408]. In an implementation, the backhaul 10 connection and the daisy chain connection facilitated to the IMG Alpha [404], the IMG Beta [406] and the IMG Gamma [408] is same as the backhaul connection and the daisy chain connection depicted in the FIG.2 for the three integrated macro nodes namely the Radio1 – IMG Alpha [204], the Radio2 – IMG Beta [206] and the Radio3 – IMG Gamma [208]. Therefore, each of the IMG Alpha [404], the IMG Beta [406] and the IMG Gamma [408] offers two 10G Fiber Optic (SFP28) 15 namely SFP1 and SFP2, wherein the SFP1 is used as a backhaul connection to 5G core network and the SFP2 is used for daisy chaining with another IMG.
Furthermore, FIG. 4 depicts that the IMG Alpha [404] is configured with a cell site switch [410]. Also, six data packets i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are received at the IMG Alpha [404]. The six data 20 packets are routed to corresponding integrated macro node (i.e., to the IMG Alpha [404], the IMG Beta [406] or the IMG Gamma [408]) via the DPSW [108]. Particularly, for routing these six data packets, the network processor [102a] distinct the user plane, control plane and management plane packets based on the unique virtual local area network (VLAN) IDs.
25
Also, the packets for all three individual integrated macro nodes i.e., [404], [406] and [408] are separated based on their unique data path (DP) Ethernet MAC (or referred herein as DPMAC) address. This is implemented by creating a data path switch (DPSW) [108] per integrated macro
21
node (IMG) as shown in FIG.4. Also, each DPSW [108] encompasses configuration for individual MAC address of the individual IMG which may be factory programmed.
Furthermore, FIG.4 depicts that each of the six data packets is routed to the corresponding IMG i.e., Packet 1 and 2 are delivered to the IMG Alpha [404], Packet 3 and 6 are delivered to the IMG 5 Beta [406], and the Packets 4 and 5 are delivered to the IMG Gamma [408]. Moreover, the process followed to route said six packets is as below:
•
Initially, the Packet 1 enters the IMG Alpha [404], and as its MAC address is for the control/mgt plane of the IMG Alpha [404]. Therefore, the Packet 1 is sent to the 10 corresponding process/thread i.e., Datapath Network Interface (DPNI) (a) for further processing.
•
Further, Packet2’s MAC matches that of user plane of the IMG Alpha [404] and hence it is sent to the User Plane process/thread i.e., Datapath Network Interface (DPNI) (b) of same the IMG Alpha [404]. 15
•
Next, the MACs of Packets 3, 4, 5, 6 are other than the MACs of the IMG Alpha [404], hence these are forwarded to the 2nd 10 Gig Port of the IMG Alpha [404]. The 2nd 10 Gig Port of the IMG Alpha [404] and 1st 10 Gig Port of the IMG Beta [406] are connected by cable. So, the forwarded packets travel on the wire and ingress into the IMG Beta [406].
•
Further, the Packet 3 is sent to the User Plane thread i.e., Datapath Network Interface 20 (DPNI) (c) of the IMG Beta [406].
•
Next, the Packet 4 is forwarded to the 2nd 10 Gig Port of the IMG Beta [406].
•
Also, the Packet 5 is forwarded to the 2nd 10 Gig Port of the IMG Beta [406] and the Packet 6 is sent to the Control/Mgmt thread i.e., Datapath Network Interface (DPNI) (d) of the IMG Beta [406]. 25
•
The 2nd 10 Gig Port of the IMG Beta [406] and 1st 10 Gig Port of the IMG Gamma [408] are connected by cable. So, the forwarded packets travel on the wire and ingress into the IMG Gamma [408].
22
•
In the end, at the IMG Gamma [408], the Packet 5 is sent to control/mgmt thread i.e., Datapath Network Interface (DPNI) (e) whereas packet 4 is sent to user plane thread i.e., Datapath Network Interface (DPNI) (f).
Therefore, as is evident from the above, the present disclosure provides a technically advanced 5 solution for enabling cost effective backhaul daisy chaining support in integrated macro nodes. The present disclosure offers at least below mentioned advantages:
1.
A unique development approach to include the daisy chain support in the integrated macro node(s) on 10G SFP28 interface by using cost effective 10G re-timer instead of 10 costly 10G optical PHY.
2.
In case of multi-cell deployment on a site, reduction in port count requirement on the cell site switch by facilitating backhaul daisy chaining and leveraging additional 10 Gig port available on the integrated macro node(s).
3.
Easy utilisation of a 10 Gig port of an IMG connected to a Switch for handling a total traffic 15 (e.g. 6 Gbps) thus resulting in effective and efficient utilization of the network resources.
4.
Saving ports, wherein such saved ports can be planned for a new site, hence resulting into an effective utilization of cell site switch and reduction in the cost.
While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the disclosed embodiments, it will be 20 appreciated that many embodiments can be made and that many changes can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles of the present disclosure. These and other changes in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, whereby it is to be understood that the foregoing descriptive matter to be implemented is illustrative and non-limiting.
We Claim:
1. A system [100] for enabling backhaul daisy chaining in an integrated macro node, the
system [100] comprising:
- an integrated baseband and transceiver module [102], wherein the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] is configured with a secondary port [102b2] configured to facilitate a daisy chain connection across a plurality of integrated macro nodes;
- a radio frequency (RF) front-end module [104] in connection with the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102];
- a cavity filter [104a]; and
- an interface [106] for external antenna, wherein the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] is further configured with a primary port [102b1], and wherein:
the primary port [102b1] provides a connection to a first fibre optical cable to establish a backhaul connection between any of the plurality of integrated macro nodes and a network [101], and
the secondary port [102b2] provides a connection to a second fibre optical cable to establish the daisy chain connection between said any of the plurality of integrated macro nodes and a remaining integrated macro node of the plurality of integrated macro nodes.
2. The system [100] as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes is a 5th generation integrated Next-Generation Node B (gNodeB).
3. The system [100] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of integrated macro nodes comprises at least a first integrated macro node, a second integrated macro node, and a third integrated macro node.

4. The system [100] as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the primary port [102b1] and the secondary port [102b2] corresponds to an additional 10 Gig port.
5. The system [100] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the daisy chain connection is established based at least on a re-timer.
6. The system [100] as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the first fibre optic cable and the second fibre optic cable is a small form-factor pluggable (SFP28) cable.
7. The system [100] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] further comprises a network processor [102a] configured to distinguish one or more data packets, received at the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102], corresponding to one of a user plane, a control plane, and a management plane based at least on corresponding virtual local area network (VLAN) identifiers associated with the one or more data packets.
8. The system [100] as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a data path switch (DPSW) [108] for each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes, wherein the DPSW [108] comprises pre-programmed configurations for individual media access control (MAC) addresses of said each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes.
9. The system [100] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the RF front-end module comprises at least RF high power amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, RF switch, and the cavity filter [104a].
10. The system [100] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] is configured to utilize a single 10G backhaul connection to connect to one or more of the plurality of integrated macro nodes.

11. A method for enabling backhaul daisy chaining in an integrated macro node, the method
comprising:
- receiving, at an integrated baseband and transceiver module [102], one or more data packets;
- distinguishing, via a network processor [102a], the one or more data packets corresponding to at least one of a user plane, a control plane, and a management plane of an integrated macro node within a coverage area of a cell site based at least on corresponding virtual local area network (VLAN) identifiers associated with the one or more data packets; and
- routing, via a data path switch (DPSW) [108] associated with each of a plurality of integrated macro nodes, the one or more data packets to a corresponding integrated macro node.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the routing of the one or more data packets
further comprises:
- receiving the one or more data packets;
- determining whether a media access control (MAC) address associated with the one or more data packets corresponds to one of a control plane and a management plane of an integrated macro node connected with a network [101];
- upon determining that the MAC address associated with the one or more data packets corresponds to one of the control plane and the management plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101], routing the one or more data packets to a thread corresponding to the one or more data packets, wherein said routing of the one or more data packets is within one of the control plane and the management plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101] for subsequent processing;
- upon determining that the MAC address of the one or more data packets does not correspond to one of the control plane and the management plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101], identifying whether the MAC address

of the one or more data packets corresponds to a user plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101];
- upon identifying that the MAC address of the one or more data packets corresponds to the user plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101], routing the one or more data packets to the thread corresponding to the one or more data packets, wherein said routing of the one or more data packets is within the user plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101] for subsequent processing; and
- upon identifying that the MAC address of the one or more data packets does not correspond to the user plane of the integrated macro node connected with the network [101], routing the one or more data packets to a subsequent integrated macro node in a daisy chain connection with the integrated macro node connected with the network [101].
13. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the integrated baseband and transceiver
module [102] is configured with a primary port [102b1] and a secondary port [102b2],
wherein:
the primary port [102b1] provides a connection to a first fibre optical cable to establish a backhaul connection between any of the plurality of integrated macro nodes and a network [101], and
the secondary port [102b2] provides a connection to a second fibre optical cable to establish the daisy chain connection between said any of the plurality of integrated macro nodes and a remaining integrated macro node of the plurality of integrated macro nodes.
14. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein each of the plurality of integrated macro
nodes is a 5th generation integrated Next-Generation Node B (gNodeB).

15. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the plurality of integrated macro nodes comprises at least a first integrated macro node, a second integrated macro node, and a third integrated macro node.
16. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein each of the primary port [102b1] and the secondary port [102b2] corresponds to an additional 10 Gig port.
17. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the daisy chain connection is established based at least on a re-timer.
18. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein each of the first fibre optic cable and the second fibre optic cable is a small form-factor pluggable (SFP28) cable.
19. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein each integrated macro node from the plurality of integrated macro nodes is associated with a corresponding data path switch (DPSW) [108], wherein the DPSW [108] comprises pre-programmed configurations for individual media access control (MAC) addresses of said each of the plurality of integrated macro nodes.
20. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the integrated baseband and transceiver module [102] utilizes a single 10G backhaul connection to connect to one or more of the plurality of integrated macro nodes.