Method For Converting Carbon And Hydocarbon Cracking And Apparatus For Hydrocarbon Cracking
Abstract:
A method for converting carbon into a carbon oxide comprises: contacting carbon with steam in presence of a carnegieite like material of formula (NaO)Na[AlSiO] wherein 0
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Notices, Deadlines & Correspondence
Room 502 No. 66
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2. PENG Wenqing
General Electric Company Globl Research
One Research Circle Building K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
3. LIN Chuan
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Bldg. K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
4. WANG Shizhong
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Bldg.k1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
5. FU Qijia
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Bldg. K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
6. GU Yanfei
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Bldg. K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
7. WU Zhaoping
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Bldg. K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
8. LIANG Yangang
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Buikding K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
9. SHE Minggang
General Electric Company Global Research
One Research Circle Buikding K1 3A59
Niskayuna NY 12309
Specification
METHOD FOR CONVERTING CARBON AND HYDROCARBON CRACKING
AND APPARATUS FOR HYDROCARBON CRACKING
BACKGROUND
[0001] The invention relates generally to methods for converting carbon and
hydrocarbon cracking and apparatuses for hydrocarbon cracking. More specifically,
the invention relates to methods for converting carbon into carbon oxide, and methods
and apparatuses for hydrocarbon cracking, in which the build-up of coke deposits are
undesirable.
[0002] In the petrochemical industry, hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane, butane,
heptane, liquid petroleum gas, naphtha, and gas oil are cracked in apparatuses, in the
presence of from about 30 weight percentage to about 70 weight percentage of steam,
at temperatures of from about 700 C to about 870 C in order to produce light olefins
such as ethylene and propylene. Sometimes, hydrocarbons such as bottoms from
atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil are cracked in apparatuses at a
temperature in a range from about 480 °C to about 600 °C in the presence of about 1
wt% to about 2 wt% steam.
[0003] During hydrocarbon cracking processes, the build-up of carbonaceous deposits
(i.e. coke deposits) usually happens on contact surfaces of apparatus components, for
instance, inner radiant tube surfaces of furnace equipment. The inner radiant tube
surfaces become gradually coated with a layer of coke which raises the radiant tube
metal temperature (TMT) and increases the temperature drop through radiant coils. In
addition, coke build-up adversely affects the physical characteristics of the apparatus
components, such as the radiant tubes, by deteriorating mechanical properties such as
stress rupture, thermal fatigue, and ductility.
[0004] In order to decoke apparatus components, the apparatus must be periodically
shut down. Typically, the decoking is carried out by combustion of the coke deposits
with steam/air at temperatures of up to 1000 °C. Such decoking operations are
required approximately every 10 to 80 days, depending on the operation mode, types
of hydrocarbons, and result in production loss since hydrocarbons feeding must be
stopped for such decoking operation.
[0005] A variety of methods have been considered in order to overcome the
disadvantages of coke build-up on apparatus components, such as furnace tube inner
surfaces. These approaches include: e.g., catalytic gasification of coke to produce
carbon oxide (CO/C0 2) and hydrogen. However, till now people are still seeking an
effective method for the gasification of coke, i.e., converting carbon into a carbon
oxide (CO and/or C0 2) .
[0006] Therefore, it is desirable to provide a method for converting carbon into
carbon oxide and a method and an apparatus for hydrocarbon cracking, in which the
build-up of coke deposits is effectively reduced/mitigated.
[0007] Carnegieite is the high-temperature form of Na[AlSi0 4]-nepheline, which can
be prepared by annealing nepheline beyond 1530 K (1256.85 °C) with subsequent
quenching to room temperature. Intercalation of sodium oxide into
Na[AlSi0 4]-carnegieite to obtain compounds (Na20 )