DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a denim fabric and more particularly to a handwoven denim fabric and processes of producing hand spun warp yarns and hand spun weft yarns for hand woven denim fabric, hand dyed warp and weft yarns for hand woven denim fabric and a handwoven denim fabric thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A simple, austere, hand spun fabric by Mahatma Gandhi on his Charkha that is termed as Khadi – “The Freedom Fabric”. Khadi fabric has specialty like all other natural fabrics – cotton, silk, linen. It is a versatile fabric, cool in summer and warm in winter. It gets softer and softer after every wash & doesn’t irritate the skin like polyester does. The beauty of the Khadi/hand spun fabric is the aberrations & uneven texture, because unlike a machine, the human hand is not perfect.
Manufacturing process of Khadi fabric is extremely labor-intensive as farmers pick out cotton from the fields. The cotton balls are very coarse in nature & the fibers have to be separated from the seeds by manually. Cotton fibers are separated from the seeds by hand with the help of a sharp comb – like object. After separation, a process called carding is carried out. It removes the final traces of waste from the cotton, which thins out the slivers & twists at the same time, thereby strengthening them. It’s a long & completely manual process. Thereafter, the yarns are wound onto reels of thousands of meters each, which is used to manufacture fabric using handlooms.
Process of manufacturing Khadi is eco – friendly as it does not involve using electric units. Further, the manufacturing process does not generate toxic waste products. Despite its popularity as a Green Fabric, Khadi is still waiting to catch the attention of everyone.
However the present Khadi manufacturing process cannot be used for manufacturing of denim fabric as hand spun yarns carried excessive variations in the twists per inch, long and repetitive thick and thin places, slubs and strength variations which render it unusable on the looms, no process of hand dyeing with indigo due to uneven dyeing problems and poor fastness properties which even makes the fabric difficult to handle, shade variation. Further, the occurrence of the natural fabric defects like knots, snarls, tight and slack ends, natural yarn variation like thin and thick places, neps, etc. can not be avoided if the fabric is made by using a present khadi manufacturing process. Moreover, excessive variations made the fabric not suitable for usage. Further, it is observed that the fabric manufacturing from the traditional process possesses weaving damages like white Patti / loom starting mark, floats, small missing warp & weft. There were variations in tensile strengths, weight, fabric strength, density, and picks per inch. Further, The residual shrinkage is very high, resulting in poor dimensional stability.
Hence there is a need of a process or processes that will solve the above problems for manufacturing hand spun yarns to be used as warp for handwoven denim fabric, a handwoven fabric thereof.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention in its various embodiments provides a process for manufacturing of hand spun yarns as warp or weft for a handwoven denim fabric, a process of manufacturing a handwoven denim fabric, and a handwoven denim fabric.
In the first embodiment, the present invention provides a process for manufacturing of hand spun yarns as warp or weft for a handwoven denim fabric, said process comprising steps of: ginning, cleaning, opening bales to obtain cotton fibers from cotton seeds, carding the cotton fibers to obtain carded webs; preparing a roving sliver using a hand-driven ring frame from the carded webs; hand spinning the roving sliver having a count between 0.5s to 6.5s and weighing between 400 to 700 gms evenly into a yarn hank having a khadi count ranging from preferably 26s to 80s using Ambar Charkha and winding the yarns on a warp bobbin or pirn with the help of a hand warping machine to obtain warp yarns or weft yarns for handwoven denim fabric. This process provides the warp bobbins or pirn of grey yarns. According to the present invention, roving sliver having a count between 1.5s to 4.5s is preferable.
In the second embodiment, the present invention provides a process for manufacturing hand spun dyed yarns to be used as warp or weft wherein dyeing the yarn hank manually of the first embodiment before winding the yarns on a warp bobbin or pirn of the process, said dyeing method includes soaking the yarn hanks in water with a wetting agent for at least eight hours, squeezing and opening of the hanks, subjecting the hanks by dipping in the dye solution and aeration to achieve predetermined shades by rotating the hanks in dye bath at least 15 minutes, washing the dyed yarns in cold water, oxidizing and fixing the dye by a cationic dye fixing agent and drying the dyed yarns in the shade.
In the third embodiment, the present invention provides a process of manufacturing a handwoven denim fabric comprising steps of providing a warp beam of the hand spun dyed yarns manufactured from the yarns obtained from the first and second embodiments of the present invention and weaving the warp of said hand spun yarns and hand spun weft yarns over a handloom to produce the handwoven denim fabric.
In the fourth embodiment, the present invention provides a handwoven denim fabric comprising a plurality of hand spun dyed warp yarns and a plurality of hand spun weft yarns wherein the hand spun warp yarns have khadi count from 26s to 80s.
The fabric can be manufactured from the process of the third embodiment and by using warps and/or wefts manufactured by one of the processes of the first and second embodiments.
In the fifth embodiment, the present invention provides a garment comprising a plurality of warp or weft yarns manufacturing by one of the processes of the first and second embodiments or a denim fabric manufactured by the process of third embodiment or a denim fabric of the fourth embodiment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS:
Reference will be made to embodiments of the invention, examples of which may be illustrated in the accompanying figures. These figures are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Although the invention is generally described in the context of these embodiments, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to these particular embodiments:
Figure 1 shows a flow diagram of the process of manufacturing a handwoven denim fabric according to a preferable embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 shows a hand spinning machine;
Figure 3 shows a dye bath according to the present invention;
Figure 4 shows a hand winding machine;
Figure 5 shows a handloom warping machine; and
Figure 6 shows a handloom machine.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:
The invention described herein is explained using specific exemplary details for better understanding. However, the invention disclosed can be worked on by a person skilled in the art without the use of these specific details. The foregoing objects of the present invention are accomplished and the problems and shortcomings associated with the prior art, techniques and approaches are overcome by the present invention as described below in the preferred embodiments. Further, the antecedents “a” and “an” referred in the specification can be read as singular and plural.
References in the specification to “preferred embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, characteristics, or function described in detail, thereby omitting known constructions and functions for clear description of the present invention.
In general, the present invention provides a process for manufacturing of hand spun yarns as warp or weft for a handwoven denim fabric, a process of manufacturing a handwoven denim fabric, and a handwoven denim fabric.
According to the present invention, the handwoven denim fabric comprises a plurality of hand spun dyed warp yarns and a plurality of hand spun weft yarns wherein the hand spun warp yarns have khadi count from 26s to 80s. The fabric having a weight of 2 to 14.5 Ozs weaved in plain, Oxford, twill or any other dobby weave. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the weft yarns are hand spun grey yarns hand spun natural dyed yarns or hand spun synthetic dyed yarns. According to the present invention, the handwoven denim fabric having warp with khadi count 2/80s is preferably used for shirting fabrics and the handwoven denim fabric having warp with khadi count 2/40s, 2/26s, and 36s is used preferably for bottom weight fabrics.
The present invention also claims a garment comprising grey or dyed hand spun warp or weft yarns manufactured by a process of the present invention or a handwoven denim fabric manufactured by using a process of weaving of the present invention or a handwoven denim fabric of the present invention.
Referring Figure 1 shows a process for manufacturing a handwoven denim fabric according to a preferable embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, to manufacture a handwoven denim fabric, cotton fibers are separated from cotton seeds in the first step. Then the cotton fibers are carded and a carded web is formed. The cared web is converted into a roving sliver. To manufacture handwoven denim fabric, a roving sliver having counts between 0.5s to 6.5s and weighing between 400 to 700 gms, preferably between count between 1.5s to 4.5s is selected and spin over spinning machine to produce a yarn hank of khadi count 26s-80s. To produce a denim fabric, the yarn hanks are hand dyed with natural indigo dye. The dyed hanks then wind either on a warp bobbin to produce a weaver’s beam or on pirn for use dyed weft yarn as weft. Alternatively, yarn hank can be warped directly without dyeing to produce pirns of weft yarns. These hand dyed warp yarns and hand spun weft yarns can be woven on a handloom machine to produce a handwoven denim fabric. According to an embodiment, the hand spun grey yarns, hand spun natural dyed yarns, or hand spun synthetic dyed yarns can be used as weft yarns to produce the handwoven denim fabric. The process of manufacturing is further herein below explained in detail with Figures 2-6.
Initially, the process originates with the steps of ginning and sliver making known in the prior art. Ginning is a process that involves separating the cotton fibers from cotton seeds. Perfect ginning operation can be performed if the separation of fibers from seed is effected without any injury to either seeds or to the fiber. A cotton gin (not shown) is a machine that easily separates the cotton fibers from the seeds. The ginned cotton is further cleaned in a blow room (not shown) and carded. The process of carding removes the final traces of waste from the cotton. The carded web is drawn and a roving sliver is prepared in the roving frame (not shown).
The above step is followed by spinning on a hand spinning machine to prepare hand spun warp yarns. The hand spinning of fiber into the warp yarn is most emblematic of textile production. The spinning machine used in the present invention is an “Ambar Charkha”(10) as shown in Figure 1. According to the present invention, cotton khadi count for hand spun warp yarns for handwoven denim fabric is selected from a group of khadi counts comprising 2/80s khadi counts, 2/40s khadi counts, 2/26s khadi counts, and 36s khadi counts. According to the inventors of the present invention, warp yarns having khadi count 2/80s is preferable for shirting and the warp yarns having khadi counts 2/40s, 2/26s, and 36s are preferable for bottom weight fabrics. The carded sliver (11) is mounted onto the creel (not shown) of the Amber Charkha (10) from where it is drawn with the hand and wound into yarn hanks with khadi counts ranging from 26s to 80s for the production of the handwoven denim fabric of around 800 to 1000 meters each. Accordingly, the pressure loading on the drafting rollers (11) is adjusted. The rotation of the spinning wheel drafts the slivers (11) to form warp yarn (15). The drive to the drafting roller (11) is provided by a hand wheel (not shown). A weighting arm (not shown) presses three top drafting rollers (12) on to three bottom cylinders (13) which rotate at different speeds. The first bottom cylinder (13A) and top roller (12A) rotate very slowly; the middle ones (12B, 13B) move 10 to 20% faster and the first bottom cylinder (13A) and top roller (12A) about 12 to 30 times faster, depending on the fiber material. Because of these different speeds and loads on the top rollers (11), the raw material, which is fed into the drafting system, is drawn, and in case the thread becomes about 12 to 30 times thinner. Smooth and constant running of rollers is maintained. While leaving the last top roller (12C) and bottom cylinder (13C) of the drafting system (12, 13), the fiber mass is given a twist by a twisting system (14) having a metal ring with a rotating traveler and a rotating spindle, which are located underneath the drafting system. The twist creates friction between the fibers by which the strength of the fiber mass increases. In this state, the fiber mass is called yarn. The warp yarn is wound on a bobbin (17) attached to the spindle (18).The yarn (15) is further wound around in hank form (not shown in Figure 2) on a wrap reel (not shown). The weighting arm allows different loads to be set on the top rollers according to the present invention. Also the distances between the rollers (12) are adjusted as per the required khadi counts of the yarns. The distance between the rollers (12) is maintained larger than the length of the longest fibers to avoid the situation where single fibers are torn between the clamping points of top rollers (12) and bottom cylinders (13). It is known from the prior art, the uneven rotation of the spinning wheel induces variations in the yarn fineness and twist levels. Further, hand spun yarns carries excessive variations in the twists per inch, long and repetitive thick and thin places, slubs and strength variations which render it unusable on the looms. The snarls in the yarns were due to extensive twists per inch variations in the yarn. In the present invention, it is standardized by a suitable twist wheel for particular khadi counts and even rotations of the spinning wheel. This includes standardized the gear twist wheel pertaining to a specific khadi count spun on the Ambar Charkha and at the same time the direction of the twist was also ensured by the alignment of the gear wheels in the Ambar Charkha. According to the inventors, following specification is preferable for spinning the fibers to make a yarn hank of warp for handwoven denim fabric:
Table 1
Machine Used Ambar Charkha
Top roller Loading Specifications 10 to 14 Kgs
Draft Induced 12 to 27
Sliver Khadi counts 1.5s, 2.5s, 4.25s
Tpi 15 to 30
Hank Khadi counts 26s, 40s, 80s
Hank Lengths 800 - 1000 meters

Tests conducted with above specification for 2/26s khadi counts and 2/40s khadi counts. The results are shown in the below Table 2 and Table 3:
Table 2
Yarn of 2/40s khadi count Sample Length 120 yards Average CV% Average TPI 15.99
Khadi count 10.83 10.73 10.84 10.75 10.79 0.48 CV% 6.84
Strength 239.22 188.98 188.12 172.31 197.16 14.74
CSP 2232 1919 2202 2135 2118 15.03

Table 3
Yarn of 2/26s Khadi count Sample Length 120 yards Average CV% Average TPI 19.65
Khadi count 7.51 7.78 7.48 7.57 7.59 2.18 CV% 15.36
Strength 246.74 294.74 294.61 282.05 279.59 10.19
CSP 2232 1919 2202 2135 2118 8.17

The third step is hand dying of the warp yarns. According to the present invention, biodegradable natural dyes derived from renewable, non-petroleum-based sources are used in the hand dyeing that makes a safer, less energy intensive dyeing process. The hanks of 1000 meters, each are dyed in batch form with natural indigo in an open vessel termed as Vat needs optimum process conditions and routing. In the present invention, the ‘hank dyeing with Indigo manually’ is carried out in an inventive way. According to the present invention the dye, is made out in dispersion form initially by using known dispersing agents. Dye solubility conditions are provided by the controlled addition of alkali in the bath and followed by precise additions of reducing agents at room temperature. The open vessel conditions lead to drop in dye reducing atmosphere which is controlled by adding of buffering agents in the dye solution. The precise level of the reduction potential and the alkali content of the bath in open condition are carried out through indigenous ways of evaluating the specific color of the bath which indicate optimum levels of dyeing conditions in the open dyeing tank as discussed hereinafter. The yarn hanks of warp obtained from the hand spinning are soaked in water with a wetting agent for 8 hours, followed by squeezing out and opening out of the yarn hanks. The wetting agent used is Primasol Nf of BASF India Ltd. Figure 3 shows an open vessel dye-bath (20) containing a dye solution (25) produced by mixing a reduced form of biodegradable natural indigo, Setamol WS of BASF India Ltd., Hydro sulphite, caustic soda flakes, Denis HS of Arjyot Chemicals in a vat (22) at room temperature. The yarn hank entanglement, uneven rotation and dipping time of the yarn hanks according to the present invention are amended by using an iron rod (24) attached to the vat (22) which gave greater flexibility and ease out the process of dyeing in the vat (22). The yarn hanks (26) are rotated manually for 15 min in the dye solution followed by squeezing out of the excess dye and the aeration process which is done outside the vat (22). The said dyeing process is further repeated to obtain desired shades and even out the dye shade. The yarn hanks (26) after dyeing wash with cold water and subsequently oxidized by using Potash and the dye is fixed by using cationic dye fixing agent known as “DyeTech 222” in an open vessel. The yarn hanks (26) after being washed are squeezed further and are dried under the shade to avoid shading-off of the dyed warp yarns due to sunrays. Alternatively, this process can be used for dyeing hand spun weft yarns. A table 4 given below shows a preferable dyeing recipe according to the present invention for dyeing the hand spun yarns for manufacturing a handwoven fabric:

Table 4
Load - 20 Kg Machine Open Vessel

Step Process Water Temp Time Chemical Function Quantity
Ltr. 0C

1 Prewetting 200 RT 8 hrs Primasol Nf Wetting Agent 375-400 gm

2 Squeezing

3 Dyeing (1st Dip) 100 RT as per Natural Indigo Dye 2.5 Kg
shade depth Setamol WS Dispersing Agent 300-500 gm
Hydro Sulphite Reducing Agent 2.5 Kg
Caustic Soda Flakes Alkali 2.5 Kg
Denim HS Defoamer 100 gm

4 Squeezing/ 200 RT
Air Oxidaiton

5 Dyeing (2nd Dip)

6 Squeezing
/ Cold Wash 200 RT

6 Squeezing/ 200 RT 5- 10min Potash Alum Oxidising Agent
Oxidation Acetic Acid Acid As required for maintaining pH 4-5.5
Dyetech 222 Dye Fixer 300 gm

7 Wash 200 50 -60oC 5 – 10 min Setamol WS Dispersing Agent 375 gm

8 Water Wash 200 RT

9 Drying In shade

Referring Figure 4 shows the hand dyed yarn hanks (36) are wound on a warp bobbin (32) with the help of a hand warping machine (30) with a manual rotation of a wheel (31) that spins the warp bobbin holder (33) which supports the mounted warp bobbin (32). The dyed yarn hanks (36) in case of warp bobbins (32) are mounted on the wrap reel (38). The warp reel (34) rotates because of a pulling action of the hand dyed yarn (35) which is being wound on the warp bobbin (32). The hand wheel (31) rotates the bobbin holder (not shown) that rotates the bobbin and wounds the hand dyed yarn (35) on the bobbin (32). This hand warping machine (30) can be used for winding of the weft yarn on a pirn (not shown).
Referring Figure 5 shows a hand driven sectional warping system (40) for preparation of a warping beam according to the present invention. Warping process includes arranging of hand dyed yarn threads in long parallel lengths of equal tension onto a beam in preparation for weaving. In this process, the width of the fabric is the reference to the number of hand dyed yarn ends to be wound. During the warping process, cones/bobbins (32) of hand dyed warp yarn (45) obtained from the hand winding machines (30) are placed onto a creel (42). The dyed yarns (45) then pass through tension stand (43), heald wires (46) and through a leasing reed (44) which separates the hand dyed yarn threads in the correct order before being wound onto a weaver’s beam (48). The denting in the leasing reed (44) is carried out before wrapping a section on the weaver’s beam (48). The weaver’s beam (48) is prepared in sections which are metered with graduations on the warping drum and rotated manually pulling forward the hand dyed yarns (45) together from the warp bobbins (32) on the creel (42).
Referring to Figure 6 that shows a handloom machine (50) for weaving the fabric where interlacement of weft with warp takes place to form a fabric. The weaver’s beam (48) is mounted on the handloom machine (50) and each warp thread (55) is drawn through the heald eye (52) and the reed (53) in order to facilitate the formation of the shed and the beat up motion. For the weaving motion on the handloom machine (50) the weaver inserts the pirn (not shown) into the shuttle (58) and passes the weft yarn (not shown) into the shuttle eye (not shown) of the shuttle (58). Further, the weaver holds a picking stick (not shown) that is attached by cords (not shown) to a the handloom machine (50) at both ends of the shed (59). With a flick of the wrist, one cord is pulled and the shuttle (58) is propelled through the shed (59) to the other end with considerable force, speed and efficiency. A flick in the opposite direction and the shuttle (58) is propelled back weaving a denim fabric (60). The weight variations in the handwoven denim fabric (60) are avoided by cross-shed beating system application which evened out the picks per inch in the fabric. The denim fabric weaves are established and accordingly the foot operations of the weaver are optimized with the placement of treadles (54) in a manner that provided for ease in operation. Wrong design and breaks in twill design caused mostly by improper sequencing of treadle press are made easy by changing the sequence in correlation to the foot being used by the weaver over the handloom machine.
The basic function of any selvedge is to lock the outside warp threads of a piece of cloth and so prevent fraying. Selvedge means the edge of a fabric that is woven so that it will not ravel or fray. In Khadi denim fabric a selvedge which is designed in the below mentioned sequence has been included in order to remain a part of the fabric in the garment stage as well.
Details Of the Signature selvedge for denims and shirting fabric
Ends on each side 12
8 ends consists of Red 2/20s Ne khadi count
2 ends consists of White 2/80s Ne khadi count
2 ends consists of Red 2/20s Ne khadi count
Ends on each side 20
12 ends consists of Red 2/20s Ne khadi count
4 ends consists of White 2/26s, 2/80s Ne khadi count
4 ends consists of Red 2/20s Ne khadi count

The hand spun/woven denim fabrics are made, dimensionally stable and made softer in hand by washing in full width in an exhaust process. In washing, the dye is protected by not increasing the temperature as well by incorporating sequestering agents to remove unfixed dyes which improve the fabric fastness properties of the fabric. The fabric is starched to impart body to the fabric and denim feel in the washing bath.
A handwoven denim fabric (twill weave) is manufactured by a process as claimed in the claims and described above is tested for standards as mentioned below in Table 5
Table 5: Standards Used for finished fabric testing

Table 6 shows the test results conducted for the handwoven denim fabric:-
Table 6
Handwoven Denim Fabric 3/1 right hand twill weave
Shade Natural Indigo
Warp 9s Ne
Weft 9s Ne
Over all width (cm) 74
Cuttable width (cm) 73.1
Length Wise residual Shrinkage (%) -2.1
Length Wise residual Shrinkage (%) -1
Ends per inch 71
Picks per inch 36
Unwash Weght (Ozs/yd.sq) 12.4
Stiff (Kg) 3.8
Crocking (Dry) 3.5
Crocking (Dry) 1.5

The present invention provides first time a handwoven denim fabric as well as a process for manufacturing the denim fabric. The denim fabric has all the characteristics that are found in the Khadi.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow: ,CLAIMS:WE CLAIM:

1. A process for manufacturing of hand spun yarns as warp or weft for a handwoven denim fabric, said process comprising steps of:
ginning, cleaning, opening bales to obtain cotton fibers from cotton seeds;
carding the cotton fibers to obtain carded webs;
preparing a roving sliver over a hand-driven ring frame from the carded webs;
hand spinning the roving sliver having a count between 0.5s to 6.5s and weighing between 400 to 700 gms evenly into a yarn hank having preferable a khadi count ranging from 26s to 80s using Ambar Charkha; and
winding the yarns on a warp bobbin or pirn with the help of a hand warping machine to obtain a warp yarns or a pirn of weft yarns for handwoven denim fabric.

2. The process for manufacturing of dyed hand spun yarns as warp or weft for a handwoven denim fabric comprising step of dyeing the yarn hank manually before winding the yarns on a warp bobbin or pirn of the process as claimed in claim 1, said dyeing method includes soaking the yarn hanks in water with a wetting agent for at least eight hours, squeezing and opening of the hanks, subjecting the hanks by dipping in the dye solution and aeration to achieve predetermined shades by rotating the hanks in dye bath at least 15 minutes, washing the dyed yarns in cold water, oxidizing and fixing the dye by a cationic dye fixing agent and drying the dyed yarns in the shade.

3. The process as claimed in claim 2, the yarns are dyed with a biodegradable natural indigo dye.

4. The process as claimed in one of the preceding claims 1-3, further comprising a step of sectional warping of the yarns on a warping drum by manually rotating the warping drum that pulls the yarn together from the warp bobbins provided on creels.

5. The process as claimed in claim one of the preceding claims 1-4, wherein a preferable count for the roving sliver is between 1.5s to 4.5s.

6. A process of manufacturing a handwoven denim fabric comprising steps of:
providing a warp beam of the hand spun yarns manufactured by the process as claimed in claim 3; and
weaving the warp of said hand spun yarns and hand spun weft yarns over a handloom to produce the handwoven denim fabric.

7. The process as claimed in claim 6, wherein applying cross-shed beating while weaving to avoid weight variations in the handwoven denim fabric.

8. The process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the weft yarns are hand spun grey yarns, hand spun natural dyed yarns or hand spun synthetic dyed yarns.

9. A handwoven denim fabric comprising a plurality of hand spun dyed warp yarns and a plurality of hand spun weft yarns wherein the hand spun warp yarns have khadi count from 26s to 80s.

10. The handwoven denim fabric as claimed in claim 9, wherein the weft yarns are hand spun grey yarns hand spun natural dyed yarns or hand spun synthetic dyed yarns.

11. The handwoven denim fabric as claimed in claim 9, wherein the fabric having a weight of 2 to 14.5 Ozs weaved in plain, Oxford, twill or any other dobby weave.

12. The handwoven denim fabric as claimed in claim 9, wherein the handwoven denim fabric having warp with khadi count 2/80s is preferably used for shirting fabrics and the handwoven denim fabric having warp with khadi count 2/40s, 2/26s, 36s is used preferably for bottom weight fabrics.

13. A garment comprising a hand spun warp or weft yarns manufactured by a process claimed in one of the claims 1-5 or a denim fabric manufactured by a process as claimed in one of the claims 6-8 or a denim fabric as claimed in one of the claims 9-12.

Dated this 14th day of March, 2015
FOR ARVIND LIMITED
By their Agent

(GIRISH VIJAYANAND SHETH) (IN/PA 1022)
KRISHNA & SAURASTRI ASSOCIATES