Technical field
[0001]
　The present invention, a flange wear amount of the wheel of a railway vehicle, to a method of directly measuring during running online.
Background technique
[0002]
　Wheels of a rail vehicle, in contact with the rail during running. Wheels worn by contact with the rail, will greatly affect the dynamics of rail vehicle. Therefore, in order to safely travel rail vehicles, it is very important to manage the wear amount of the wheel.
[0003]
　Figure 10 is a force that the wheels 1 during running of the curved section consisting relaxation curve and a circle curve receives from the rail 2 is a diagram schematically showing. Figure left side rail 2 of 10 the rail 2 on the outer peripheral side of the curved section, the right side of rail 2 shows the rail 2 on the inner circumferential side of the curved section. Hereinafter, the outer peripheral side of the curved section and the outer rail side, the inner peripheral side of the curved section of the curve inside.
[0004]
　To safely travel curve section, a wheel load P wheel 1 has on perpendicular to the rail plane, lateral pressure Q the wheel 1 on the side of the rail 2 is an important management indicator. To maintain the proper range of these wheel load P and lateral force Q, the carriage, in particular direction of travel of the wheel shaft (hereinafter, referred to front axle) contact between the flange 1f and the rail 2 of the wheel 1 of the curve outside in properly it is necessary to manage the tangent and the angle (flange angle) between the horizontal line α at point. Incidentally, N in FIG. 10 the normal force, the fy shows a lateral creep force.
[0005]
　To keep the flange angle α of the wheel for rail vehicles properly, quickly find the upright wear that occurs in the flange 1f of the wheel 1, cutting with rotary tool (hereinafter, referred to as milling) optimizing the shape of the wheel 1 by it is one of the solutions to be. Note that the upright wear, and throat 1th wear of the wheel 1 flange 1f say wear is substantially upright (the hatched portions in FIG. 11).
[0006]
　Therefore, a method for measuring the wheel of the shape of the railway vehicle is variously disclosed.
　For example, Patent Document 1, the cross-sectional shape of the left and right wheels of the tread shape and the rail is measured by the shape measuring apparatus, it is converted into discrete data for each predetermined interval of these shape data in the thickness direction of the wheel, and the wheel apparatus for evaluating a contact characteristics of the rail is disclosed.
[0007]
　In Patent Document 2, the apparatus and method for continuously measured over the change in shape of the wheel tread in the circumferential direction is disclosed.
[0008]
　In Patent Document 3, with reference to the flange angle design time, a change in the flange angle due to wear, quantitative estimation devices have been disclosed in relation to the travel distance.
[0009]
　In Patent Document 4, by using a plurality of laser rangefinders, also patents using literature 5, a plurality of cameras and a plurality of laser rangefinders, discloses a method and apparatus for measuring a wheel shape there.
[0010]
　In Patent Documents 6 and 7, from the distance data to measure the distance to the wheel by using a distance sensor installed in the outer and inner rails, according the the results of these measurements to the installation of both the distance sensor, wheel diameter, flange thickness, method of installing the wheel shape computing devices and the devices such as a flange height is disclosed.
[0011]
　However, the technique disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are all not the technique for measuring during running of the vehicle, a technique based on the assumption that the measured off-line. Therefore, it is difficult to perform the safety during the vehicle running in a timely manner.
[0012]
　The technique disclosed in Patent Documents 4 to 7, each use a plurality of cameras and a plurality of laser rangefinders. Therefore, man-hours it takes to maintenance specification becomes complicated. Separately, since the processing of the measured values ​​is necessary, it is difficult to perform the safety during the vehicle running in a timely manner.
CITATION
Patent Document
[0013]
Patent Document 1: JP Patent No. 4657767
Patent Document 2: Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2011-68242
Patent Document 3: Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2010-151827
Patent Document 4: Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2010-181216
Patent Document 5: JP 2011- Publication No. 242239
Patent Document 6: JP Laid-open No. 2007-292473
Patent Document 7: JP Laid-open No. 2007-192687
Summary of the Invention
Problems that the Invention is to Solve
[0014]
　Problems which the invention is to provide a technique disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are the technique assumes that measured off-line, by performing safety during vehicle running in a timely manner is the point that it is difficult. The technique disclosed in Patent Documents 4-7, due to the use of multiple cameras and multiple laser rangefinders, man-hours according to the maintenance specification becomes complicated. Separately, since the processing of the measured values ​​is required is that it is difficult to perform the safety during the vehicle running in a timely manner.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0015]
　An object of the present invention, during running of the curved section, the flanges wear amount of the wheel of the railway vehicle directly measured on-line, it is to possible to perform timely the safety during driving .
[0016]
　That is, for a railway vehicle flange wear measurement method of a wheel of the present invention,
　established the laser rangefinder curve outside of the circle curved section in the railway track,
　when the vehicle has traveled the circular curved section, with the laser rangefinder measuring the distance to the front rim surface of the wheel of the curve outside in the front axle of the truck constituting the vehicle,
　to obtain a flange wear amount by comparing the distances the measured and the distance measured previously are the most important features.
[0017]
　In the present invention, the vehicle when traveling on a curved section, measures the distance to the front rim surface of the wheel of the curve outside of the front axle of the truck as measured by laser distance meter installed in the curve outside of the circle curve section previously only be compared with the distances, it is possible to obtain the flange wear amount.
[0018]
　At that time, compared to the distance to the front rim surface of the wheel when the vehicle equipped with wheels immediately after milling as unused wheel or tread or flange, such as a regular shape has traveled a curved section it is, it is possible to obtain the flange wear amount of the wheel just after cutting wheels or the rolling unused.
　Hereinafter, the wheel of unused referred to as the "New steel wheel". In addition, the fact of the wheels immediately after the milling and referred to as "milling immediately after the wheels".
[0019]
　Further, installed in four places the laser rangefinder curvature of curved section is inverted, front rim surface of the wheel of the curve outside in the front axle of the biaxial carriage traveling the curve zone with these laser rangefinders the distance to when measured by the method of the present invention, it is possible to measure the flange wear of all the wheels of the two-axis carriage.
Effect of the Invention
[0020]
　In the present invention, the curved section during travel, the flange wear amount of the wheel of the railway vehicle directly measured on-line, it is possible to manage the flange wear amount of the wheel.
[0021]
　In the present invention, since the flange wear amount it is possible to find urgently the wheels beyond the control range, it is possible to exert a significant effect on safety when the railway vehicle travels through the curved section.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022]
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the name of the primary site of railway vehicle wheels.
2 is a diagram showing an example of management standards become dimensions of railway vehicle wheels.
3 is a plan view of the two-axis carriage showed a relative positional relationship between the wheel and rail and the laser rangefinder when passing through the curved section of the rail vehicle.
[Figure 4] shows the case of the new steel wheels or milling after the wheel, schematic view showing a wheel and rail and the laser rangefinder when came to (a) before the shaft is a laser rangefinder and a position corresponding , (b) the traveling direction behind the axle of the truck (hereinafter referred to as rear axle.) is a similar view (a) a diagram of when comes to position facing the laser rangefinders.
[5] a wheel mounted on the railway vehicle is a similar view to Figure 4 when worn.
[Figure 6] is a view for explaining an example of the installation position of the laser rangefinder to be used in practicing the present invention method, showing the case of (a) in the case of the up line, (b) the downline.
7 is a diagram illustrating a wheel to measure the flange wear laser range meter installed in the position shown in FIG. 6 (a).
8 is a diagram illustrating a wheel to measure the flange wear laser range meter installed in the position shown in FIG. 6 (b).
[FIG 9] (a) is a diagram showing a result of measuring the distance to the front rim surface of the wheel with a laser rangefinder for vehicles equipped with wheels immediately after milling, the (b) is a wheel in which a flange is 1mm wear a diagram showing the results of measurement of the distance to the front rim surface of the wheel with a laser rangefinder for a vehicle equipped with.
In view wheel illustrating the force received from the rail when [10] railway vehicle passes the curved section, the left side is the outer rail side, the right side shows the curve inside.
11 is a diagram illustrating an upright wear that occurs in the flange portion of the railway vehicle wheel.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0023]
　The present invention is a curved section during travel, installed flange wear amount of the wheel of the railway vehicle directly measured on-line, the purpose of ensuring safety during traveling, the curve outside the circle curved section It was achieved by comparing the distances to the front rim surface of the wheel, measured with a laser rangefinder.
Example
[0024]
　Hereinafter, an example of a flange wear measurement method of a railway vehicle wheel of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0025]
　Figure 1 is a diagram for explaining the name of the primary site of wheels for rail vehicles, and the boss portion 1h wheel 1 is to insert the axle, the rim portion 1r in contact with the rail 2, the boss portion 1h and the rim portion 1r It is composed of three parts of the plate portion 1w connecting.
[0026]
　Then, the outer peripheral portion of the rim portion 1r, a tread 1t contacting the rail 2, the flange 1f continuous through the throat 1th is formed on the tread surface 1t. The flange 1f the formed side of the rim portion 1r side to the back rim surface 1 RB, the opposite side and back rim surface 1 RB is referred to as the front rim surface 1RF.
[0027]
　In general, when the running radius of 800m following a curved section of a circle curve, as described above, the throat 1th wheel 1 of the curve outside is pressed against the rail 2, especially in the front axle Sf of the truck B. Thus, as the travel time of the vehicle becomes longer, upright wear amount of the flange 1f of the wheel 1 is increased, the distance between the flanges outside surfaces of both wheels 1 constituting the wheel axis (see FIG. 2) is shortened. The distance between the flanges outside surfaces of both wheels 1 constituting the wheel shaft, hereinafter referred to as "flange outer side distance".
[0028]
　At the time of running of the curved section, the wheel 1 of the throat 1th of the curve outside in the front axle Sf is pressed against the rail 2, an amount corresponding front axle Sf flange outer surface distance becomes shorter of the wheel 1 is curve outside It will be moved to.
[0029]
　Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 3, it sets up a laser distance meter 3 on the outside of the rail 2o of the curve outside the circle curved section, the table rim of the wheel 1sfo the curve outside of the front axle Sf traveling from its installed position by measuring the distance to the surface 1RF, so that the wear amount of the flange 1f of the wheel 1 can be seen.
[0030]
　For example, to run the first vehicle equipped with a new steel wheels or milling after the wheel 1, when the vehicle is traveling on a curved section, the table rim of the wheel 1sfo the curve outside of the front shaft Sf by the laser distance meter 3 measuring the distance L1 to the surface 1RF (see Figure 4 (a)).
[0031]
　By measurement of the distance L1, to reset the displacement of the vehicle width direction of the front axle Sf zero point, the vehicle equipped with the wheel 1sfo the flange 1f has wear when traveling on a curved section, measured by the laser distance meter 3 to ensure accuracy.
[0032]
　Thereafter, when the vehicle to be measured the amount of wear of the flange 1f of the wheel 1sfo has traveled a curved section, measures the distance L2 with a laser distance measuring instrument 3 to the front rim face 1rf wheels 1sfo of the vehicle (FIG. 5 (a )reference).
[0033]
　Note that, in FIGS. 3-5, mark the rails of the inner rail side and 2i. Also, mark the wheels of the inner rail side of the front axle Sf and 1Sfi, and 1sro wheels curve outside of the rear axle Sr, the wheels of the inner rail side of the rear shaft Sr and 1Sri.
[0034]
　Then, by subtracting the distance L2 mentioned above measured from the distance L1, it is possible to obtain the amount of wear of the flange 1f of the wheel 1Sfo.
[0035]
　Note that the amount of wear of the wheel flange, with respect to the new manufactured wheels or milling after the wheels, - a (flange outer side distance the wheel inner surface distance) / 2 of the amount of change (see Fig. 2). When wear progresses, (flange outer surface distance - wheel inner surface distance) / 2 of the amount of change is small. Note that the wheel inner surface distance means a distance between the wheels inner surfaces of both wheels 1 constituting the wheel axis.
[0036]
　At this time, tracking a vehicle equipped with a new steel wheels or milling after the wheel, if measured sequentially wear amount of the wheel flange of the outer rail side of the front axle each time through the laser rangefinder, the wear amount of time evaluation can be performed.
[0037]
　In the present invention, all the wheels of the truck B, that wheel 1sfo the front axle Sf, 1Sfi a wheel 1sro the rear axle Sr, to measure the flange wear amount of 1sri each circle curve sections of the uplink line and the downlink line of, it may be installed a laser distance meters 3a ~ 3d with each two locations where the curvature of the rail 2 is inverted (see FIG. 6).
[0038]
　When such installing the laser distance meters 3a ~ 3d in position, the two-axis carriage B2 respectively located biaxial bogie B1 and rear positioned on the front side with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle, outside of the front axle Sf curve inside if the measured distance L1, L2 to the front rim surface 1rf wheels 1Sfo, it is possible to measure the amount of wear of the flange 1f of the wheel 1Sfo. In other words, it is possible to measure the flange wear amount of all wheels which are mounted on a single vehicle.
[0039]
　That is, in the case of the up line shown in FIG. 7, a laser distance meters 3a, a wheel 12 which is a curve outside of the front axle Sf of the biaxial carriage located biaxial bogie B1 and the rear side located on the front side B2 and 16 it can be measured amount of wear of the flange 1f. Further, a laser distance meter 3b, measuring the amount of wear of the flange 1f of the wheel 11 and 15 to be a curve outside of the front axle Sf of the biaxial carriage located biaxial bogie B1 and the rear side located on the front side B2 can.
[0040]
　On the other hand, in the case of the downlink line shown in FIG. 8, a laser distance meter 3c, the wheel 18 as the curve outside of the front axle Sf biaxial bogie B1 located on the rear side and two-axis carriage B2 located on the front side and 14 it can be measured amount of wear of the flange 1f. Furthermore, a laser rangefinder 3d, measuring the amount of wear of the flange 1f of the wheel 17 and 13 as a curve outside of the front axle Sf biaxial bogie B1 located on the rear side and two-axis carriage B2 located on the front side can.
[0041]
　Incidentally, inventors, a distance to the front rim surface of the wheel radius of curvature is installed in a vehicle which is traveling test trajectory 120m at a rate of 10 km / h of a circle curve, the outer circle curved section of the test track trajectories illustrating the result of measurement by the laser distance meter installed on the side below.
[0042]
　9 (a) is equipped with a wheel immediately after milling in a vehicle, shows the results of measuring the distance to the front rim surface of each wheel of the curve outside, FIG. 9 (b) flange wear amount in the vehicle which is a similar view to FIG. 9 (a) when equipped with wheels which was 1 mm.
[0043]
　The wheels of the curve outside in the front axle of the front bogie, the measured distance to the front rim surface, compared to the case immediately after the milling wheel (see FIG. 9 (a)), when the wheel was 1mm flange wear amount ( see FIG. 9 (b)) is 1mm smaller measurement, the effect of the present invention was confirmed.
[0044]
　The present invention is of course not limited to the example described above, if the scope of the technical ideas described in each claim, or it is needless to say that even by changing the appropriate embodiment.
[0045]
　For example, in the above embodiment, a laser distance meter 3 is installed outside the rail 2o of the curve outside the circle curved section, for measuring a distance to front rim surface 1rf wheels 1sfo the curve outside of the front axle Sf that describes things. However, installing a laser range finder 3 in the inside of the rail 2o of the outer rail side, it may be measured the distance to the back rim surface 1 RB.
[0046]
　Moreover, when targeting only flange wear amount of a particular wheel, laser range finder 3, need not be provided in four places as shown in FIG. 6, it may be provided in one place.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS
[0047]
　1 wheel
　1sfo wheel curve outside of the front axle
　1f flange
　1rf Table rim surface
　2 rails
　3 laser rangefinders
　B truck
　Sf front shaft

The scope of the claims
[Claim 1]
　It established the laser rangefinder curve outside of the circle curved section in the railway track,
　outside of when the vehicle has traveled the circular curved section, ahead in the traveling direction of the wheel shaft of the bogie constituting the vehicle in the laser rangefinder curve inside display the distance to the rim surface is measured, the wheel
　flange wear measurement method of a wheel for railway vehicles, characterized in that to obtain a flange wear amount by comparing the distances the measured and the distance measured previously.
[Claim 2]
　It established the laser rangefinder curve outside of the circle curved section in the railway track,
　when the vehicle equipped with wheels immediately after milling such that the unused wheels or regular shapes traveled the circular curved section, advance measures the distance to the front rim surface of the wheel of the curve outside in the direction of travel of the wheel shaft of the bogie constituting the vehicle in the laser rangefinder,
　when the vehicle has traveled the circular curved section, the laser distance meter measuring the distance to the front rim surface of the wheel of the curve outside in the direction of travel of the wheel shaft of the bogie constituting the vehicle, front rim surface of the wheel immediately after cutting wheels or the rolling of the unused by subtracting from the measured distance to the flange wear measurement method of a wheel for railway vehicles, characterized in that to obtain a flange wear amount of the wheel immediately after the wheel or milling unused.
[Claim 3]
　The laser distance meter, installed at four locations where the curvature of the circular curved section is inverted, the curve outside in the direction of travel of the wheel axle of the biaxial carriage traveling the circular curved section with these laser rangefinders flange wear measurement method of railway vehicle wheels according to paragraph 1 or claim 2, characterized in that for measuring a distance to front rim surface of the wheel.