Title of invention: Method for manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel sheet
Technical field
[0001]
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-206708 filed in Japan on November 15, 2019, and the contents thereof are incorporated herein by reference.
Background technology
[0002]
Non-oriented electrical steel sheets are used, for example, for the iron core of motors. The non-oriented electrical steel sheet has excellent magnetic characteristics in the average in all directions parallel to the plate surface (hereinafter, may be referred to as "overall circumference average in the plate surface (omnidirectional average)"). For example, it is required to have low iron loss and high magnetic flux density. Although various techniques have been proposed so far, it is difficult to obtain sufficient magnetic characteristics on the average circumference in the plate surface. For example, even if sufficient magnetic characteristics can be obtained in a specific direction within the plate surface, sufficient magnetic characteristics may not be obtained in other directions.
Prior art literature
Patent documents
[0003]
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 4029430
Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 6319465
Outline of the invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
[0004]
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet capable of obtaining excellent magnetic characteristics with an all-around average (omnidirectional average) in a plate surface.
Means to solve problems
[0005]
The present inventors have made diligent studies to solve the above problems. As a result, the present inventors presuppose the chemical composition of the α-γ transformation system in order to obtain excellent magnetic properties on the whole circumference average in the plate surface, and transform from austenite to ferrite during hot rolling. It is important to make the crystal structure finer by making it finer, and by starting cooling within 0.1 seconds from the completion of rolling in the final pass of finish rolling in hot rolling. I found that there is.
[0006]
Furthermore, the present inventors generate overhanging recrystallization (hereinafter referred to as bulging) by performing cold rolling at a desired cumulative reduction rate and performing the first annealing (intermediate annealing) under desired conditions. It was also found that it is important to facilitate the development of {100} crystal grains, which are normally difficult to develop.
[0007]
The gist of the present invention made based on the above findings is as follows.
(1) The method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to one aspect of the present invention is based on mass%.
C: 0.0100% or less,
Si: 1.50-4.00%,
Sol. Al: 0.0001 to 1.000%,
S: 0.0100% or less,
N: 0.0100% or less,
Mn, Ni, Co, Pt, Pb, Cu and Au: 2.50 to 5.00% in total,
Sn: 0.000 to 0.400%,
Sb: 0.000 to 0.400%,
P: 0.000 to 0.400%, and
Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd: Containing 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total,
By mass%, Mn content is [Mn], Ni content is [Ni], Co content is [Co], Pt content is [Pt], Pb content is [Pb], and Cu content is [Cu]. ], Au content is [Au], Si content is [Si], sol. The Al content is [sol. When expressed as [Al], the following equation (1) is satisfied.
The process of hot-rolling a steel material having a chemical composition with the balance consisting of Fe and impurities to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet,
The process of performing the first cold rolling on the hot rolled steel sheet and
It has a step of performing a first annealing after the first cold rolling.
The final pass of the finish rolling during hot rolling is performed in a temperature range of Ar1 temperature or higher, and the average cooling rate is 50 to 500 ° C./sec within 0.1 seconds from the completion of rolling of the final pass of the finish rolling. A certain cooling is started, and it is cooled to a temperature range of more than 250 ° C and 700 ° C or less.
([Mn] + [Ni] + [Co] + [Pt] + [Pb] + [Cu] + [Au])-([Si] + [sol.Al])> 0.00% ... ( 1)
(2) In the method for manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel sheets according to (1) above, the steel material is mass%.
Sn: 0.020 to 0.400%,
Sb: 0.020 to 0.400%,
P: 0.020 to 0.400%, and
Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd: 0.0005 to 0.0100% in total
It may contain one or more selected from the group consisting of.
(3) In the method for manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel sheets according to (1) or (2) above, the first annealing may be performed in a temperature range lower than the Ac1 temperature.
(4) In the method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to any one of (1) to (3) above,
It has a step of performing a second cold rolling after the first annealing.
In the first cold rolling step, cold rolling is performed at a cumulative rolling reduction of 80 to 92%.
In the second cold rolling step, cold rolling may be performed at a cumulative rolling reduction rate of 5 to 25%.
(5) The non-oriented electrical steel sheet manufacturing method according to (4) above includes a step of performing a second annealing after the second cold rolling.
In the second annealing, the annealing temperature may be less than the Ac1 temperature.
The invention's effect
[0008]
According to the above aspect according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet capable of obtaining excellent magnetic characteristics with an all-around average (omnidirectional average) in a plate surface.
Embodiment for carrying out the invention
[0009]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration disclosed in the present embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0010]
First, the steel material used in the method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment (may be simply referred to as the steel material according to the present embodiment), and the method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment. The chemical composition of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet (which may be simply referred to as the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment) manufactured by the product will be described. In the following description, "%", which is a unit of the content of each element contained in non-oriented electrical steel sheets or steel materials, means "mass%" unless otherwise specified. The numerical limit range described below with "to" in between includes the lower limit value and the upper limit value. Numerical values ​​marked "less than" or "greater than" do not fall within the numerical range.
[0011]
The non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the steel material according to the present embodiment have a chemical composition in which a ferrite-austenite transformation (hereinafter, α-γ transformation) can occur. Specifically, in terms of mass%, C: 0.0100% or less, Si: 1.50 to 4.00%, sol. Al: 0.0001 to 1.000%, S: 0.0100% or less, N: 0.0100% or less, Mn, Ni, Co, Pt, Pb, Cu and Au: 2.50 to 5.00 in total %, Sn: 0.000 to 0.400%, Sb: 0.000 to 0.400%, P: 0.000 to 0.400%, and Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd. , Pr, Zn and Cd: Contains a total of 0.0000 to 0.0100% and has a chemical composition in which the balance consists of Fe and impurities. Further, Mn, Ni, Co, Pt, Pb, Cu, Au, Si and sol. The Al content satisfies a predetermined condition described later.
[0012]
(C: 0.0100% or less)
C increases the iron loss of non-oriented electrical steel sheets and causes magnetic aging. Therefore, the lower the C content, the more preferable. Such a phenomenon is remarkable when the C content exceeds 0.0100%. Therefore, the C content is set to 0.0100% or less. The reduction of the C content also contributes to the uniform improvement of the magnetic characteristics in all directions in the plate surface (improvement of the magnetic characteristics in all directions). Therefore, the C content is preferably 0.0060% or less, more preferably 0.0040% or less, and even more preferably 0.0020% or less.
Although the lower limit of the C content is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.0005% or more in consideration of the cost of decarburization treatment at the time of refining.
[0013]
(Si: 1.50-4.00%)
Si increases the electrical resistance, reduces the eddy current loss, reduces the iron loss of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet, and increases the yield ratio to improve the punching workability to the iron core. If the Si content is less than 1.50%, these effects cannot be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, the Si content is 1.50% or more. The Si content is preferably 2.00% or more, more preferably 2.50% or more.
On the other hand, if the Si content exceeds 4.00%, the magnetic flux density of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet decreases, the punching workability decreases due to an excessive increase in hardness, and cold rolling becomes difficult. Therefore, the Si content is set to 4.00% or less. The Si content is preferably 3.50% or less, more preferably 3.30% or less.
[0014]
(Sol.Al: 0.0001 to 1.000%)
Sol. Al increases the electrical resistance, reduces the eddy current loss, and reduces the iron loss of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet. sol. Al also contributes to the improvement of the relative magnitude of the magnetic flux density B50 with respect to the saturated magnetic flux density. Here, the magnetic flux density B50 is the magnetic flux density in a magnetic field of 5000 A / m. sol. If the Al content is less than 0.0001%, these effects cannot be sufficiently obtained. Al also has a desulfurization promoting effect in steelmaking. Therefore, sol. The Al content is 0.0001% or more. sol. The Al content is preferably 0.001% or more, more preferably 0.010% or more, and even more preferably 0.300% or more.
On the other hand, sol. When the Al content exceeds 1.000%, the magnetic flux density of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet is lowered, the yield ratio is lowered, and the punching workability is lowered. Therefore, sol. The Al content is 1.000% or less. sol. The Al content is preferably 0.900% or less, more preferably 0.800% or less, and even more preferably 0.700% or less.
In this embodiment, sol. Al means an acid-soluble Al, and indicates a solid solution Al existing in the steel in a solid solution state.
[0015]
(S: 0.0100% or less)
S is not an essential element to be contained, but is an element contained as an impurity in steel, for example. S inhibits recrystallization and grain growth during annealing due to the precipitation of fine MnS. When the recrystallization and the growth of crystal grains are inhibited, the iron loss of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet increases and the magnetic flux density decreases. Therefore, the lower the S content, the more preferable. The increase in iron loss and the decrease in magnetic flux density due to the inhibition of recrystallization and grain growth are remarkable when the S content exceeds 0.0100%. Therefore, the S content is 0.0100% or less. The S content is preferably 0.0060% or less, more preferably 0.0040% or less.
Although the lower limit of the S content is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.0003% or more in consideration of the cost of desulfurization treatment at the time of refining.
[0016]
(N: 0.0100% or less)
Similar to C, N deteriorates the magnetic properties of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet, so the lower the N content, the more preferable. Therefore, the N content is 0.0100% or less. The N content is preferably 0.0050% or less, more preferably 0.0030% or less.
Although the lower limit of the N content is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.0010% or more in consideration of the cost of denitrification treatment at the time of refining.
[0017]
(Mn, Ni, Co, Pt, Pb, Cu and Au: 2.50 to 5.00% in total)
Mn, Ni, Co, Pt, Pb, Cu and Au are elements necessary for causing α-γ transformation. Therefore, at least one of these elements is contained in an amount of 2.50% or more. It is not necessary to contain all of these elements, and any one of them may have a content of 2.50% or more. The total content of these elements is preferably 3.00% or more.
On the other hand, if the total content of these elements exceeds 5.00%, the cost may increase and the magnetic flux density of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet may decrease. death Therefore, the total content of these elements shall be 5.00% or less. The total content of these elements is preferably 4.50% or less.
The total of Mn, Ni, Co, Pt, Pb, Cu and Au can be obtained by calculating the total content of Mn, Ni, Co, Pt, Pb, Cu and Au.
[0018]
The non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the steel material according to the present embodiment have a chemical composition that satisfies the following conditions as conditions under which α-γ transformation can occur. That is, the Mn content (% by mass) is [Mn], the Ni content (% by mass) is [Ni], the Co content (% by mass) is [Co], and the Pt content (% by mass) is [Pt]. Pb content (% by mass) is [Pb], Cu content (% by mass) is [Cu], Au content (% by mass) is [Au], Si content (% by mass) is [Si], sol. The Al content (% by mass) was changed to [sol. When expressed as [Al], the following equation (1) is satisfied.
([Mn] + [Ni] + [Co] + [Pt] + [Pb] + [Cu] + [Au])-([Si] + [sol.Al])> 0.00% ... ( 1)
[0019]
If the above equation (1) is not satisfied, the α-γ transformation does not occur, so that the magnetic flux density of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet becomes low. Therefore, the left side of Eq. (1) is set to exceed 0.00%. The left side of the equation (1) is preferably 0.30% or more, and more preferably 0.50% or more.
The upper limit of the left side of the equation (1) is not particularly limited, but may be 2.00% or less, or 1.00% or less.
[0020]
The balance of the chemical composition of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the steel material according to this embodiment is composed of Fe and impurities. As impurities, those contained in raw materials such as ore and scrap, those contained in the manufacturing process, or those manufactured by the method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the present embodiment have an adverse effect on the characteristics of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets. An example is one that is permissible to the extent that it does not reach.
[0021]
The non-oriented electrical steel sheet and steel material according to this embodiment may contain the following elements as optional elements in addition to a part of Fe. The lower limit of the content when the following optional elements are not contained is 0%. Hereinafter, each arbitrary element will be described in detail.
[0022]
(Sn: 0.000 to 0.400%, Sb: 0.000 to 0.400%, P: 0.000 to 0.400%)
Sn and Sb improve the magnetic flux density of non-oriented electrical steel sheets by improving the texture after cold rolling and recrystallization. Therefore, these elements may be contained as needed. In order to surely obtain the above effect, it is preferable that the content of even one of Sn and Sb is 0.020% or more. On the other hand, if Sn and Sb are excessively contained, the steel becomes embrittlement. Therefore, both the Sn content and the Sb content are set to 0.400% or less.
[0023]
Further, P may be contained in order to secure the hardness of the steel sheet after recrystallization. In order to surely obtain this effect, it is preferable that the P content is 0.020% or more. On the other hand, excessive inclusion of P causes embrittlement of steel. Therefore, the P content is set to 0.400% or less.
[0024]
(Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd: 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total)
Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd react with S in the molten steel to form sulfides and / or acid sulfides during casting of the molten steel. Hereinafter, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd may be collectively referred to as "coarse precipitate-forming element".
[0025]
The particle size of the precipitate of the coarse precipitate-forming element is about 1 to 2 μm, which is much larger than the particle size of fine precipitates such as MnS, TiN, and AlN (about 100 nm). These fine precipitates adhere to the precipitates of the coarse precipitate-forming element, and it becomes difficult to inhibit the recrystallization and the growth of crystal grains in annealing such as the first annealing (intermediate annealing). In order to sufficiently obtain these effects, the total content of the coarse precipitate-forming element is preferably 0.0005% or more. In addition, in order to sufficiently obtain the above action, it is not necessary to contain all of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd, and the content of any one of them is high. It is preferably 0.0005% or more.
[0026]
On the other hand, when the total content of the coarse precipitate-forming element exceeds 0.0100%, the total amount of sulfide and / or acid sulfide becomes excessive, and recrystallization and recrystallization in annealing such as the first annealing (intermediate annealing) and The growth of crystal grains is inhibited. Therefore, the total content of the coarse precipitate-forming element is 0.0100% or less.
The total content of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd is the content of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd. It is obtained by calculating the total value of.
[0027]
The chemical composition of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the steel material according to this embodiment may be measured by a general analysis method. For example, measurement may be performed using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Measurement Spectroscopy) or emission spectroscopy (OES). In addition, C and S may be measured by using the combustion-infrared absorption method, and N may be measured by using the inert gas melting-thermal conductivity method. sol. Al may be measured by ICP-AES using a filtrate obtained by heat-decomposing the sample with an acid.
[0028]
Next, the texture of the non-oriented electrical steel sheets according to this embodiment will be described. The non-directional electromagnetic steel plate according to the present embodiment has a chemical composition capable of causing α-γ transformation, and the crystal structure is refined by rapid cooling immediately after the completion of rolling of the final pass of finish rolling in hot rolling. Has a texture in which {100} crystal grains have grown. As a result, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment has, for example, an integrated strength of 5 or more in the {100} <011> direction, and a magnetic flux density B50 in the 45 ° direction with respect to the rolling direction is particularly high. In the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment, the magnetic flux density is increased in a specific direction as described above, but a high magnetic flux density can be obtained on the whole circumference average in the plate surface as a whole. When the integrated strength in the {100} <011> orientation is less than 5, the integrated strength in the {111} <112> orientation, which reduces the magnetic flux density of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet, increases, and the magnetic flux density decreases as a whole. It ends up.
[0029]
The integrated intensity of the {100} <011> orientation can be measured by an X-ray diffraction method or an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) method. Since the angle of reflection of X-rays and electron beams from the sample differs depending on the crystal orientation, the crystal orientation intensity can be obtained from the reflection intensity or the like with reference to the random orientation sample.
[0030]
Next, the magnetic characteristics of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment will be described. The non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment has the best magnetic characteristics in two directions in which the smaller angle of the rolling direction is 45 °. On the other hand, the magnetic characteristics are the worst in the two directions where the angles formed with the rolling direction are 0 ° and 90 °. Here, the 45 ° is a theoretical value, and it may not be easy to match it with 45 ° in actual manufacturing. Therefore, theoretically, if the directions in which the magnetic characteristics are the best are the two directions in which the smaller angle of the rolling direction is 45 °, the actual non-oriented electrical steel sheet has the 45 °. ° shall include those that do not (exactly) match 45 °. This is the same at 0 ° and 90 °.
[0031]
Theoretically, the magnetic characteristics in the two directions having the best magnetic characteristics are the same, but in actual manufacturing, it may not be easy to make the magnetic characteristics in the two directions the same. Therefore, theoretically, if the magnetic properties in the two directions having the best magnetic properties are the same, the same includes those that are not (exactly) the same. This is the same in the two directions with the worst magnetic properties.
[0032]
Note that the above-mentioned angles are expressed assuming that the angles in both the clockwise and counterclockwise directions have positive values. When the clockwise direction is a negative direction and the counterclockwise direction is a positive direction, the two directions in which the smaller angle of the above-mentioned rolling directions is 45 ° are the above-mentioned rolling directions. Of the angles to be formed, the angle with the smaller absolute value is 45 ° and −45 ° in two directions.
[0033]
The two directions in which the smaller angle of the above-mentioned rolling directions is 45 ° can be described as the two directions in which the angles formed with the rolling directions are 45 ° and 135 °.
[0034]
When the magnetic flux density of the non-directional electromagnetic steel plate according to the present embodiment is measured, the magnetic flux density B50 in the 45 ° direction with respect to the rolling direction is 1.660 T or more, and the magnetic flux of the all-around average (omnidirectional average) in the plate surface. The density B50 is 1.605T or more.
[0035]
Further, when skin pass rolling and strain relief annealing described later are carried out, the magnetic characteristics are further improved, the magnetic flux density B50 in the 45 ° direction with respect to the rolling direction is 1.800 T or more, and the all-around average in the plate surface (omnidirectional average). ), The magnetic flux density B50 is 1.650T or more. When skin pass rolling and strain removal annealing are performed, the preferable magnetic characteristics are that the magnetic flux density B50 in the 45 ° direction with respect to the rolling direction is 1.815 T or more, and the magnetic flux density is the all-around average (omnidirectional average) in the plate surface. B50 is 1.685T or more.
[0036]
In the non-directional electromagnetic steel plate according to the present embodiment, the magnetic flux density in the 45 ° direction with respect to the rolling direction is high, but a high magnetic flux density can be obtained even in the all-around average (omnidirectional average) in the plate surface.
[0037]
The magnetic flux density B50 is obtained by cutting out a 55 mm square sample from a non-directional electromagnetic steel plate from 45 °, 0 °, etc. with respect to the rolling direction, and using a single plate magnetic measuring device to determine the magnetic flux density in a magnetic field of 5000 A / m. Obtained by measuring. The magnetic flux density B50 in the all-around average (omnidirectional average) is obtained by calculating the average value of the magnetic flux densities of 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 ° with respect to the rolling direction.
[0038]
The iron loss W10 / 400 changes depending on the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet. As the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet decreases, the iron loss W10 / 40 decreases.
In the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment, when the plate thickness is 0.350 to 0.400 mm, the iron loss W10 / 400 is 19.00 W / kg or less. When the skin pass rolling and strain removal annealing described later are carried out, the iron loss W10 / 400 is 16.00 W / kg or less when the plate thickness is 0.350 to 0.400 mm.
[0039]
Iron loss W10 / 400 occurs when a sample collected from a non-oriented electrical steel sheet is subjected to an AC magnetic field of 400 Hz so that the maximum magnetic flux density becomes 1.0 T using a single-plate magnetic measuring device. It is obtained by measuring the energy loss (W / kg) of the whole circumference average.
[0040]
Next, a method for manufacturing the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment will be described. In the method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the present embodiment, hot rolling, first cold rolling, and first annealing (intermediate annealing) are performed. Further, after the first annealing, a second cold rolling (skin pass rolling) and / or a second annealing (strain removal annealing) may be performed, if necessary.
[0041]
Specifically, the method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment includes a step of hot-rolling a steel material having the above-mentioned chemical composition to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet.
The process of performing the first cold rolling on the hot rolled steel sheet and
It has a step of performing a first annealing after the first cold rolling.
The final pass of the finish rolling during hot rolling is performed in a temperature range of Ar1 temperature or higher, and the average cooling rate is 50 to 500 ° C./sec within 0.1 seconds from the completion of rolling of the final pass of the finish rolling. A certain cooling is started, and it is cooled to a temperature range of more than 250 ° C and 700 ° C or less.
[0042]
In the method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the present embodiment, the first annealing may be performed in a temperature range lower than the Ac1 temperature.
[0043 ]
The method for manufacturing a non-directional electromagnetic steel sheet according to the present embodiment includes a step of performing a second cold rolling after the first annealing, and in the step of performing the first cold rolling, cumulative rolling is performed. In the step of performing cold rolling at a rate of 80 to 92% and performing the second cold rolling, cold rolling may be performed at a cumulative rolling reduction rate of 5 to 25%.
[0044]
The method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the present embodiment includes a step of performing a second annealing after the second cold rolling, and in the second annealing, even if the annealing temperature is lower than the Ac1 temperature. good.
Below, each process will be explained in detail.
[0045]
First, the steel material having the above-mentioned chemical composition is heated and hot-rolled. The steel material may be, for example, a slab manufactured by ordinary continuous casting. Rough rolling and finish rolling of hot rolling are performed in the temperature range of the γ range (Ar1 temperature or higher). That is, hot rolling is performed so that the finish temperature of the finish rolling (the temperature on the exit side of the final pass) is equal to or higher than the Ar1 temperature. As a result, austenite is transformed into ferrite by the subsequent cooling, and the crystal structure becomes finer. When cold rolling is performed in a state where the crystal structure is refined, overhanging recrystallization (bulging) is likely to occur, and {100} crystal grains, which are normally difficult to grow, can be easily grown. The upper limit of the finishing temperature is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 950 ° C. or lower.
[0046]
The heating temperature of the steel material may be, for example, 1100 to 1250 ° C. so that the finish temperature of the finish rolling is Ar1 temperature or higher.
[0047]
In the present embodiment, cooling with an average cooling rate of 50 to 500 ° C./sec is started within 0.1 seconds from the completion of rolling in the final pass of finish rolling. Further, this cooling is performed up to a temperature range of more than 250 ° C. and 700 ° C. or lower.
[0048]
The cooling method is mainly water cooling, but cooling may be performed by mixing a slurry or the like, and the cooling method is not particularly limited as long as it can be cooled at the above-mentioned cooling rate.
Further, in the present embodiment, the average cooling rate is a value obtained by dividing the temperature difference between the start of cooling (excluding air cooling) and the end of cooling by the elapsed time from the start of cooling to the end of cooling.
[0049]
The crystal structure becomes finer due to the transformation of austenite into ferrite, but in this embodiment, the crystal structure becomes finer by quenching within 0.1 seconds after the completion of hot rolling (finish rolling). To change. By further miniaturizing the crystal structure in this way, it is possible to facilitate the occurrence of bulging through the subsequent cold rolling and intermediate annealing.
[0050]
It is preferable to perform the above-mentioned cooling in 0.0 seconds after the rolling of the final pass of the finish rolling is completed. As a method of performing the above-mentioned cooling 0.0 seconds from the completion of rolling in the final pass of the finish rolling, for example, the cooling water ejected from the final pass of the finish rolling machine to the steel sheet is used in the final pass of the finish rolling machine. There is a method of spouting so as to cover the exit side.
[0051]
In the present embodiment, the time from the completion of rolling to the start of cooling in the final path of finish rolling measures the distance from the finish rolling mill to the start of water cooling and the plate passing speed in that section, and the plate passing distance / plate passing speed. Obtained by calculating the speed.
[0052]
In cooling after finish rolling, if the average cooling rate is less than 50 ° C./sec, the crystal structure is not sufficiently miniaturized, so that subsequent bulging does not occur sufficiently. As a result, the {100} crystal grains do not grow sufficiently, and the magnetic flux density of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet does not become sufficiently high. Therefore, in the cooling after finish rolling, the average cooling rate is set to 50 ° C./sec or more. Preferably, it is 70 ° C./sec or higher and 90 ° C./sec or higher.
[0053]
On the other hand, considering the hot rolling equipment, it is difficult to increase the average cooling rate to more than 500 ° C./sec in the cooling after finish rolling. Therefore, in cooling after finish rolling, the average cooling rate is set to 500 ° C./sec or less. Preferably, it is 400 ° C./sec or less and 300 ° C./sec or less.
[0054]
After finish rolling, cooling with an average cooling rate of 50 to 500 ° C / sec is performed up to a temperature range of over 250 ° C and 700 ° C or less. It is preferably 600 ° C. or lower. Cooling to a temperature range of 700 ° C. or lower completes the transformation from austenite to ferrite.
If the cooling stop temperature after finish rolling is 50 to 500 ° C / sec and the cooling stop temperature is 250 ° C or less, recrystallization does not occur after finish rolling and processed grains remain, so that the crystal structure is sufficient. It cannot be miniaturized. Therefore, the above-mentioned cooling is performed up to a temperature range of more than 250 ° C. It is preferably 300 ° C. or higher and 400 ° C. or higher.
[0055]
After cooling to a temperature range of more than 250 ° C and 700 ° C or less, it is wound into a coil without allowing cooling, slow cooling and hot rolling plate annealing. The temperature at which cooling is stopped is substantially the coil winding temperature. After winding into a coil, the coil may be rewound and pickled if necessary. After the coil is rewound or pickled, the hot-rolled steel sheet is subjected to the first cold rolling.
[0056]
In the first cold rolling, the cumulative rolling reduction is preferably 80 to 92%. The higher the cumulative reduction rate, the easier it is for {100} crystal grains to grow due to subsequent bulging, but it becomes more difficult to wind the hot-rolled steel sheet and the operation becomes more difficult. By setting the cumulative rolling reduction in the first cold rolling within the above range, the growth of {100} crystal grains due to the subsequent bulging can be preferably controlled.
[0057]
The cumulative reduction rate referred to here is the plate thickness of the hot-rolled steel sheet before the first cold rolling: t 0 and the plate thickness of the steel plate after the first cold rolling (cold-rolled steel plate) t 1. It is expressed as (1-t 1 / t 0) × 100 (%) using and.
[0058]
After the first cold rolling, the first annealing (intermediate annealing) is performed. In the present embodiment, it is preferable to perform intermediate annealing in a temperature range in which ferrite does not transform to austenite. That is, it is preferable that the temperature of the first annealing is lower than the Ac1 temperature. By performing the first annealing under such conditions, bulging occurs and {100} crystal grains are easily grown. Further, the annealing time of the first annealing (holding time in a temperature range lower than the Ac1 temperature) is preferably 5 to 60 seconds. Further, the first annealing is preferably performed at 600 ° C. or higher, and is preferably performed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
[0059]
The non-oriented electrical steel sheet can be manufactured by the method described above.
[0060]
After the first annealing, it is preferable to perform the second cold rolling (skin pass rolling). When cold rolling is performed in a state where bulging has occurred as described above, {100} crystal grains are further grown starting from the portion where bulging has occurred. The cumulative rolling reduction of the second cold rolling is preferably 5 to 25%. By setting the cumulative rolling reduction of the second cold rolling to 5 to 25%, {100} crystal grains can be preferably grown.
[0061]
The cumulative reduction rate referred to here is the plate thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet before the second cold rolling: t 0 and the plate thickness t 1 of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet after the second cold rolling. Is expressed by (1-t 1 / t 0) × 100 (%).
[0062]
After the second cold rolling, it is preferable to perform the second annealing. In the second annealing, the annealing temperature is preferably less than the Ac1 temperature. By performing the second annealing under such conditions, the {100} crystal grains can be selectively coarsened. Thereby, the magnetic flux density of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet can be further increased.
[0063]
The {100} crystal grains with excellent magnetic characteristics are less likely to accumulate strain, and the {111} crystal grains with inferior magnetic characteristics are likely to accumulate strain. By performing annealing after the second cold rolling, the {100} crystal grains with less strain erode the {111} crystal grains using the difference in strain as the driving force. As a result, {100} crystal grains are further grown. This silkworm phenomenon generated by the difference in strain as a driving force is called strain-induced grain boundary movement (SIBM).
[0064]
As the second annealing, short-time annealing (finish annealing) may be performed, long-term annealing (strain removal annealing) may be performed, or both may be performed. When annealing for a short time, it is preferable to perform annealing in a temperature range below the Ac1 temperature for 1 hour or less. When annealing for a long time, it is preferable to perform annealing at a temperature lower than the Ac1 temperature for 1 hour or more. By performing annealing for a long time, it is possible to obtain the effect of removing the strain introduced by the punching process and the effect of selectively coarsening the {100} crystal grains.
[0065]
When performing both short-term annealing and long-term annealing, it is preferable to perform long-term annealing after short-term annealing.
[0066]
In this embodiment, the Ar1 temperature is obtained from the change in thermal expansion of the steel material (steel plate) being cooled at an average cooling rate of 1 ° C./sec. Further, in the present embodiment, the Ac1 temperature is obtained from the change in thermal expansion of the steel material (steel plate) being heated at an average heating rate of 1 ° C./sec.
Example
[0067]
Next, the method for manufacturing the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples. The examples shown below are merely examples of the method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets according to the present invention is limited to the following examples. is not it.
[0068]
(First example)
By casting molten steel, a slab with the chemical composition shown in Table 1 below was produced. The left-hand side of the equation in the table represents the value of the left-hand side of the above-mentioned equation (1). Then, the produced slab was heated to 1150 ° C. and hot-rolled under the conditions shown in Table 2 to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.5 mm. After the finish rolling, it was water-cooled, and after stopping the water cooling at the winding temperature in the table, winding was performed.
[0069]
Table 2 shows the exit temperature (finishing temperature) of the final pass of finish rolling, the time from the completion of rolling to the start of cooling (start of water cooling) of the final pass of finish rolling, the average cooling rate, and the take-up temperature. For the time from the completion of rolling to the start of cooling in the final path of finish rolling, the distance from the finish rolling mill to the start of water cooling and the plate passing speed in that section are measured, and the plate passing distance / plate passing speed is calculated. I got it by doing. Here, the time from the completion of rolling of the final pass of the finish rolling to the start of cooling is 0.0 seconds, which means that the cooling is performed so that the cooling water is applied to the exit side of the final pass of the finish rolling mill.
[0070]
Next, the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was pickled to remove scale. Then, a steel sheet (cold rolled steel sheet) was obtained by cold rolling until the plate thickness became 0.385 mm at a cumulative rolling reduction of 85%. The obtained steel sheet was heated and subjected to the first annealing (intermediate annealing) held at 700 ° C. for 5 to 60 seconds, which is a temperature lower than the Ac1 temperature of all the steel sheets in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. Then, a second cold rolling (skin pass rolling) was performed with a cumulative rolling reduction of 9% until the plate thickness became 0.35 mm.
[0071]
The Ar1 temperature was obtained from the change in thermal expansion of the steel sheet being cooled at an average cooling rate of 1 ° C./sec, and the Ac1 temperature was obtained from the change in thermal expansion of the steel sheet being heated at an average heating rate of 1 ° C./sec. ..
[0072]
After performing the second cold rolling (skin pass rolling), the second annealing (strain removal annealing) was performed by heating at 800 ° C. for 2 hours. The temperature of 800 ° C. was lower than the Ac1 temperature of all the steel sheets.
[0073]
After performing the second annealing, the magnetic flux density B50 was measured using a single plate magnetic measuring device. A 55 mm square sample was sampled in two directions of 0 ° and 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction of the steel sheet, and the magnetic flux density B50 was measured. The magnetic flux density in the 45 ° direction with respect to the rolling direction was set to the magnetic flux density B50 in the 45 ° direction. By calculating the average values ​​of the magnetic flux densities of 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 ° with respect to the rolling direction, the all-around average of the magnetic flux density B50 was obtained.
[0074]
In addition, the energy loss (W / kg) of the whole circumference average generated when an AC magnetic field of 400 Hz is applied to a sample collected from a non-oriented electrical steel sheet so that the maximum magnetic flux density becomes 1.0 T is measured. As a result, iron loss W10 / 400 was obtained.
[0075]
[table 1]

[0076]
[Table 2]

[0077]
The underline in Table 2 indicates the conditions outside the scope of the present invention. To. No. which is an example of the present invention. 101-No. 108, No. 112, No. 114, No. In 116 to 119, excellent magnetic characteristics (high magnetic flux density B50 and low iron loss W10 / 400) were obtained in the 45 ° direction and the all-around average.
[0078]
On the other hand, No. which is a comparative example. 109-No. In 111, the time from the completion of rolling to the start of cooling in the final path of finish rolling (“finishing-cooling start time” in the table) was long, so the magnetic flux density B50 was low, the iron loss W10 / 400 was high, and the magnetic characteristics were real. It was inferior to the invention example. No. which is a comparative example. Since the average cooling rate of 113 was low, the magnetic flux density B50 was lower, the iron loss W10 / 400 was higher, and the magnetic characteristics were inferior to those of the example of the present invention. No. which is a comparative example. Since the winding temperature (temperature at which cooling is stopped) of 115 was low, the magnetic flux density B50 was lower, the iron loss W10 / 400 was higher, and the magnetic characteristics were inferior to those of the example of the present invention.
[0079]
(Second example)
By casting molten steel, a slab with the chemical composition shown in Table 3 below was produced. Then, the produced ingot was heated to 1150 ° C. and hot-rolled under the conditions shown in Table 4 to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.5 mm. After the finish rolling, it was water-cooled, and after stopping the water cooling at the winding temperature in the table, winding was performed.
The items in Table 4 are the same as those in the first embodiment, so the description thereof will be omitted.
[0080] [0080]
Next, the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was pickled to remove scale. Then, a steel sheet (cold rolled steel sheet) was obtained by cold rolling until the plate thickness became 0.385 mm at a cumulative rolling reduction of 85%. The obtained steel sheet was heated and subjected to the first annealing (intermediate annealing) held at 700 ° C. for 5 to 60 seconds, which is a temperature lower than the Ac1 temperature of all the steel sheets in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. Then, a second cold rolling (skin pass rolling) was performed with a cumulative rolling reduction of 9% until the plate thickness became 0.35 mm.
[0081]
After performing the second cold rolling (skin pass rolling), the second annealing (strain removal annealing) was performed by heating at 800 ° C. for 2 hours. The temperature of 800 ° C. was lower than the Ac1 temperature of all the steel sheets.
[0082]
After performing the second annealing, the magnetic flux density B50 and the iron loss W10 / 400 were measured using a single plate magnetic measuring device. The measurement was performed in the same procedure as in the first embodiment. Further, the Ar1 temperature and the Ac1 temperature were measured by the same method as in the first embodiment.
[0083]
[Table 3]

[0084]
[Table 4]

[0085]
No. 201-No. Reference numeral 216 is an example of the present invention, and all of them had good magnetic properties. In particular, No. 202-No. 204 is No. 201, No. 205-No. The magnetic flux density B50 is higher than that of 214, and No. 205-No. 214 is No. 201-No. The iron loss W10 / 400 was lower than that of 204. sol. No. with high Al content. 215 and No. 216 is No. The iron loss W10 / 400 was lower than that of 201, and the magnetic flux density B50 was lower.
[0086]
(Third embodiment)
By casting molten steel, a slab with the chemical composition shown in Table 5 below was produced. Then, the produced ingot was heated to 1150 ° C. and hot-rolled under the conditions shown in Table 6 to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.5 mm. After the finish rolling, it was water-cooled, and after stopping the water cooling at the winding temperature in the table, winding was performed.
The items in Table 6 are the same as those in the first embodiment, so the description thereof will be omitted.
[0087]
Next, the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was pickled to remove scale. Then, a steel sheet (cold rolled steel sheet) was obtained by cold rolling until the plate thickness became 0.385 mm at a cumulative rolling reduction of 85%. The obtained steel sheet was heated and subjected to the first annealing (intermediate annealing) held at 700 ° C. for 5 to 60 seconds, which is a temperature lower than the Ac1 temperature of all the steel sheets in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
[0088]
After the first annealing, the magnetic flux density B50 and the iron loss W10 / 400 were measured using a single plate magnetic measuring device. The measurement was performed in the same procedure as in the first embodiment. Further, the Ar1 temperature and the Ac1 temperature were measured by the same method as in the first embodiment.
[0089]
[Table 5]

[0090]
[Table 6]

[0091]
The underline in Table 6 shows the conditions outside the scope of the present invention. No. which is an example of the present invention. 301-No. 308, No. 312, No. 314, No. 316-No. 326 obtained excellent magnetic characteristics (high magnetic flux density B50 and low iron loss W10 / 400) in the 45 ° direction and the all-around average.
[0092]
On the other hand, No. which is a comparative example. 309-No. Since the time from the completion of rolling to the start of cooling of the final pass of the finish rolling of 311 was long, the magnetic flux density B50 was low, the iron loss W10 / 400 was high, and the magnetic characteristics were inferior to those of the present invention example. No. which is a comparative example. Since the average cooling rate of 313 was low, the magnetic flux density B50 was lower, the iron loss W10 / 400 was higher, and the magnetic characteristics were inferior to those of the example of the present invention. No. which is a comparative example. Since the winding temperature of 315 was low, the magnetic flux density B50 was lower, the iron loss W10 / 400 was higher, and the magnetic characteristics were inferior to those of the example of the present invention.
The scope of the claims
[Claim 1]
By mass%,
C: 0.0100% or less,
Si: 1.50-4.00%,
Sol. Al: 0.0001 to 1.000%,
S: 0.0100% or less,
N: 0.0100% or less,
Mn, Ni, Co, Pt, Pb, Cu and Au: 2.50 to 5.00% in total,
Sn: 0.000 to 0.400%,
Sb: 0.000 to 0.400%,
P: 0.000 to 0.400%, and
Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd: Containing 0.0000 to 0.0100% in total,
By mass%, Mn content is [Mn], Ni content is [Ni], Co content is [Co], Pt content is [Pt], Pb content is [Pb], and Cu content is [Cu]. ], Au content is [Au], Si content is [Si], sol. The Al content is [sol. When expressed as [Al], the following equation (1) is satisfied.
The process of hot-rolling a steel material having a chemical composition with the balance consisting of Fe and impurities to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet,
The process of performing the first cold rolling on the hot rolled steel sheet and
It has a step of performing a first annealing after the first cold rolling.
The final pass of the finish rolling during hot rolling is performed in a temperature range of Ar1 temperature or higher, and the average cooling rate is 50 to 500 ° C./sec within 0.1 seconds from the completion of rolling of the final pass of the finish rolling. Start a certain cooling and cool to a temperature range above 250 ° C and below 700 ° C.
A method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets, which is characterized by this.
([Mn] + [Ni] + [Co] + [Pt] + [Pb] + [Cu] + [Au])-([Si] + [sol.Al])> 0.00% ... ( 1)
[Claim 2]
The steel material is by mass%
Sn: 0.020 to 0.400%,
Sb: 0.020 to 0.400%,
P: 0.020 to 0.400%, and
Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Zn and Cd: 0.0005 to 0.0100% in total
The method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1, further comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of.
[Claim 3]
The method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first annealing is performed in a temperature range lower than the Ac1 temperature.
[Claim 4]
It has a step of performing a second cold rolling after the first annealing.
In the first cold rolling step, cold rolling is performed at a cumulative rolling reduction of 80 to 92%.
The non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the second cold rolling step, cold rolling is performed at a cumulative reduction rate of 5 to 25%. Production method.
[Claim 5]
It has a step of performing a second annealing after the second cold rolling.
The method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to claim 4, wherein in the second annealing, the annealing temperature is set to an Ac1 temperature or less.