METHOD FOR UTILIZATION OF A WASTE RESIDUE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF CONCRETE AND MORTAR
TECHNICAL FIELD
 The present invention relates to the field of concrete and mortar production, and in particular relates to a method utilizing a waste residue as part of a composition for production of concrete and mortar.
BACKGROUND
 The present globe has slowly evolved into a more civilized and development centric world due to advent in the technological advancements. Nowadays, one of the most important characteristic of a developed country is its growing infrastructure. The continuous growth in population demands a need for construction of new buildings, homes or societies to accommodate the maximum population. Moreover, the infrastructure process is handled by various construction industries involved in carrying out construction of buildings, skyscrapers, rail networks, malls, offices, roads, highways and the like. Presently, a lot of the construction industries are pre-dominantly using cement as a prime material for executing tons of construction projects. In addition, cement has become indispensable for building and construction work. The manufacturing of cement requires heavy, low value and weight loosing materials.
 Going further, the cement is primarily used by the construction industries for carrying out production of concrete and mortar. Also, concrete and mortar are few of the most important materials for every construction industry. Further, the cement is used for providing strength to both the concrete and the mortar. Moreover, the durability, strength and relatively low cost of concrete makes it a signature material in the construction of various infrastructures including buildings, houses, schools and hospitals as well as airports, bridges, highways and rail systems. In addition, concrete is basically made up of cement, water, fine aggregates and coarse aggregates by mixing the following materials in any type of mixer. Similarly, the production of mortar is carried out by utilizing cement, sand and water and mixing these materials in any type of mixer. In addition, mortar is widely used by the construction industries as binding agent for bricks and stones but has shorter life than concrete. So, concrete is preferred for structural projects.
 Most of the construction industries utilize one or more specific type of cement for the construction of concrete and mortar. The one or more specific type of cement includes an Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC). In addition, the manufacturing of the Portland cement is performed by utilizing limestone as a main raw material along with other materials. Firstly, the process of manufacturing the cement is initiated by grinding the limestone along with sandstone, sand and clay to a powder and feeding the grinded powder to a blender for forming a uniform mixture. Accordingly, the uniform mixture is pre-heated and fed to a rotary kiln in which a series of chemical reactions take place which convert the uniform mixture into a liquid paste. Further, the liquid paste flows down and cooled to obtain clinkers. Furthermore, the clinkers are fed to the ball mill together with some gypsum and some secondary additives to finally obtain the Ordinary Portland cement. The Portland Pozzolana cement is manufactured by the same process with the major difference being that the Portland Pozzolana cement contains about 35% fly ash.
 Moreover, the Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and the Portland Pozzolana cement (PPC) are hydraulic cements. In addition, the hydraulic cements are set to become adhesive after a chemical reaction taking place between a plurality of ingredients and water. Further, the chemical reaction results in the formation of a mineral hydrate. This mineral hydrate is quite durable in water and safe from any chemical interaction.
 The present use of cement as a binding agent in the manufacturing of concrete and mortar is inefficient in light of the economic and ecological benefits to society. The use of cement pushes the consumption of the natural deposits of minerals found in nature. This is resulting in the depletion of the various natural resources used in the production of the cement. The complete depletion of the natural resources will be a huge concern for the construction industries and eventually lead to loss of business. Also, the depletion of natural resources will result in delay of various construction projects or result in inferior quality infrastructures. Further, the traditional usage of cement alone does not provide sufficient strength and durability to any concrete structure. In addition, poor quality of cement affects the resistance to water and setting period of concrete structures. Furthermore, the traditional usage of cement alone does not provide excellent binding ability to mortar for large construction projects like concrete provides. Moreover, there is no waste product except flyash in PPC which is currently utilized by any construction industry for the production of concrete and mortar. This is putting a lot of pressure on the raw materials which are currently used for the production of concrete and mortar.
 In light of the above stated discussion, there is a need for a method and system that overcomes the above stated disadvantages.
SUMMARY
 In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing concrete by utilizing jarosite. Jarosite is a basic iron sulphate of at least one of sodium and ammonium along with iron. The concrete is a blend of aggregates bound together by a hydraulic binder. Jarosite is generated during zinc hydrometallurgical extraction. The method includes addition of a first pre-defined quantity of cement in one or more mechanical mixers. In addition, the method includes addition of a second pre-defined quantity of jarosite depending upon strength of the concrete in the one or more mechanical mixers. Also, the method includes addition of a third pre-defined quantity of coarse aggregates and fine aggregates in the one or more mechanical mixers. Further, the method includes mixing of the cement and the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers by adding a fourth pre-defined quantity of water. Furthermore, the method includes obtaining the concrete from each of the one or more mechanical mixers after completion of the mixing of the cement and the jarosite. The jarosite is 1-20% by weight of cement.
 In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first pre-defined quantity of the cement is in a range of 10 % to 30 % by weight. The cement is a powdery substance. In addition, the cement acts as a binder. The third pre-defined quantity of coarse and fine aggregates are 70-90% of total weight in a ratio 1:1 and 1:2 between the fine and the coarse aggregates. The fourth pre-defined quantity of water is in a range of 0.3 to 0.6 by weight of cement and jarosite.
 In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing mortar by utilizing jarosite. The jarosite is a basic iron sulphate of at least one of sodium and ammonium along with iron. The method includes addition of a first pre-determined quantity of cement in one or more
mechanical mixers. In addition, the method includes addition of a second pre-determined quantity of jarosite depending upon strength of the mortar in the one or more mechanical mixers. Also, the method includes addition of a third pre-determined quantity of sand in the one or more mechanical mixers. Further, the method includes mixing of the cement and the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers by adding a fourth pre-determined quantity of water. Furthermore, the method includes obtaining the mortar from each of the one or more mechanical mixers after completion of the mixing of the cement and the jarosite. The jarosite is 1-20% by weight of cement
 In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first pre-determined quantity of the cement is in a range of 15 % to 40% by weight. The cement is a powdery substance. In addition, the cement acts as a binder. The third pre-defined quantity of sand is mixed for different purposes. The sand is added in a quantity of 60% to 85 % by weight. The fourth pre-determined quantity of water is in a range of 0.3 to 0.6 ratio by weight of cement and jarosite.
 In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cement added to each of the one or more mechanical mixers is Ordinary Portland cement. The Ordinary Portland cement is a fine powdery substance. The ordinary Portland cement acts as a bonding material having cohesive and adhesive properties.
 In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cement added to each of the one or more mechanical mixers is Portland Pozzolana cement. The Portland Pozzolana cement is blended cement produced by inter grinding of clinkers of ordinary Portland cement along with gypsum and pozzolanic materials.
STATEMENT OF THE DISCLOSURE
 The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing concrete by utilizing jarosite. Jarosite is a basic iron sulphate of at least one of sodium and ammonium along with iron. Jarosite is generated during zinc hydrometallurgical extraction. The method includes addition of a first pre-defined quantity of cement in one or more mechanical mixers. In addition, the method includes addition of a second pre-defined quantity of jarosite depending upon strength of the concrete in the one or more mechanical mixers. Also, the method includes addition of a third pre-defined quantity of coarse aggregates and fine aggregates in the one or more mechanical mixers. Further, the method includes mixing of the cement and the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers by adding a fourth pre-defined quantity of water. Furthermore, the method includes obtaining the concrete from each of the one or more mechanical mixers after completion of the mixing of the cement and the jarosite. The jarosite is 1-20% by weight of the cement.
 The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing mortar by utilizing jarosite. Jarosite is a basic iron sulphate of at least one of sodium and ammonium along with iron. The method includes addition of a first pre-determined quantity of cement in one or more mechanical mixers. In addition, the method includes addition of a second pre-determined quantity of jarosite depending upon strength of the mortar in the one or more mechanical mixers. Also, the method includes addition of a third pre-determined quantity of sand in the one or more mechanical mixers. Further, the method includes mixing of the cement and the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers by adding a
fourth pre-determined quantity of water. Furthermore, the method includes obtaining the mortar from each of the one or more mechanical mixers after completion of the mixing of the cement and the jarosite. The jarosite is 1-20% by weight of the cement.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
 Having thus described the invention in general terms, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, and wherein:
 FIG. 1 illustrates a system for manufacturing of concrete by utilizing a waste residue obtained from one or more sources, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure;
 FIG. 2 illustrates a system for manufacturing of mortar by utilizing the waste residue obtained from the one or more sources, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure;
 FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram for the manufacturing of the concrete by utilizing the waste residue obtained from the one or more sources, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure;
 FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram for the manufacturing of the mortar by utilizing the waste residue obtained from the one or more sources, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure;
 FIG. 5 illustrates a flow chart for the manufacturing of the concrete by utilizing a pre-defined proportion of the waste residue and cement, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure; and
 FIG. 6 illustrates a flow chart for the manufacturing of the mortar by utilizing the pre-defined proportion of the waste residue and the cement, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
 It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like, herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Further, the terms "a" and "an" herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item.
 FIG. 1 illustrates a system 100 for manufacturing of concrete by utilizing a waste residue obtained from one or more sources, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In addition, the waste residue is utilized as a part of a composition required for the manufacturing of the concrete. Also, the system 100 makes use of the composition for carrying out the manufacturing of the concrete. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the waste residue replaces a pre-determined amount of a material of a first one or more materials utilized in the construction of the concrete. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the first one or more materials includes
cement. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the concrete is manufactured based on variation in quantity of cement, jarosite, water, coarse aggregates and fine aggregates blended.
 The system 100 is configured for performing the manufacturing of the concrete by using a pre-defined proportion of the jarosite and the cement as a binder. Going further, the waste residue utilized for the manufacturing of the concrete is jarosite. Moreover, the jarosite is obtained from the one or more sources. The one or more sources for obtaining the jarosite include a waste residue from a hydrometallurgy plant, a secondary material, a byproduct from a chemical plant and the like. For example, jarosite may be obtained from the hydrometallurgy zinc plant which produces a waste product called jarosite. In addition, the iron waste is generated from hydrometallurgical extraction of iron rich zinc materials or other secondaries. Also, the iron leaches out during the process and bleeding the iron in some form of iron compound followed by safe disposal becomes essential.
 Further, the system 100 includes a first input unit 102, a second input unit 104, a mixing unit 106, a pumping unit 108 and a collection unit 110. The above stated units are configured for performing the manufacturing of the concrete by utilizing the waste residue as the part of the composition required for the construction of the concrete. In addition, the above stated units perform the construction of the concrete by using the pre-defined proportion of the cement and the jarosite. Further, the construction of the concrete requires a pre-determined quantity of a plurality of materials. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the construction of the cement requires pre-constructed or pre-manufactured cement for proceeding with the construction process. In addition, a first pre-defined quantity of cement and a second pre-defined quantity of jarosite is used for the production of the concrete. The second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite depends upon strength of the concrete.
 Accordingly, the first input unit 102 collects a pre-determined amount of the plurality of materials. In addition, the first input unit 102 is configured for storing the plurality of materials. The plurality of materials corresponds to coarse aggregates and fine aggregates. In addition, the first input unit 102 transfers a third pre-defined quantity of coarse aggregates and fine aggregates in the one or more mechanical mixers. In addition, the coarse aggregates and the fine aggregates are gravel and sand. Also, the pre-determined amount of the plurality of materials obtained from the plurality of sources is based on a pre-defined amount of the concrete to be constructed. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pre-determined amount of the plurality of materials required for the construction of the concrete is based on the pre-defined amount of the concrete to be produced. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fine aggregates are added in a quantity of 23% to 45% by weight and the coarse aggregates is added in a quantity of 35% to 65 % by weight. In addition, 70 % to 90% by weight of the coarse aggregates and the fine aggregates are added in total with a ratio of 1:1 to 1:2. Moreover, the fine aggregates include at least one of fine gravels, coarse sand and normal sand.
 Going further, the first input unit 102 is connected to the mixing unit 106. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first input unit 102 is connected to the mixing unit 106 through a first transfer device. The first input unit 102 adds the first pre-defined quantity of the cement. The first pre-defined quantity of the cement is in a range of 10 % to 30 % by weight. The cement is a powdery substance that acts as a binder. Moreover, the first input unit 102 transfers the pre-determined amount of the plurality of materials along with the cement to the mixing unit 106. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first input unit 102 transfers the mixture of the plurality of materials to the mixing unit 106 along with the
cement through the first transfer device. The pre-determined amount of the plurality of materials transferred by the first input unit 102 using the first transfer device is based on a capacity of the mixing unit 106. In addition, the transfer device may be any mechanical device or manually for transferring the plurality of materials. Examples of the transfer device include but may not be limited to a chain conveyor, a feed hopper and a loader truck.
 Also, the second input unit 104 is connected to the mixing unit 106. Furthermore, the second input unit 104 is connected to the mixing unit 106 through a second transfer device. Moreover, the second input unit 104 is configured for storing the second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite. Further, the second input unit 104 is configured for transferring the second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second input unit 104 transfers the second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite to the mixing unit 106 through the second transfer device. This transfer can be mechanically or manually driven. The second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite transferred to the mixing unit 106 is based on the amount of the concrete to be constructed. Going further, the mixing unit 106 is configured to perform mixing of the cement and the jarosite. The mixing unit 106 corresponds to any type of mechanical mixing device configured for mixing the cement and the jarosite. Also, the mixing unit 106 is equipped with a feeder device to maintain the first pre-defined quantity of the cement and the jarosite added along with other remaining materials of the plurality of materials from the first input unit 102.
 Moreover, the mixing unit 106 mixes the second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite along with the plurality of materials to form a dry mixture of the concrete. In addition, a fourth pre-defined quantity of the water is added in the mixing unit 106 to enable binding of the dry mixture of the concrete. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the binding is done through hydration of the pre-defined proportion of the cement and pozzolanic action of jarosite with free lime in longer duration. Further, the fourth pre-defined quantity of the water is added in a pre-defined interval of time to prevent setting of the concrete. The fourth pre-defined quantity of the water is in a range of 0.3 to 0.6 by weight of the cement and jarosite. The water ratio is maintained in a way to provide maximum durability to the concrete for the particular site condition. The type of aggregate influences the aggregate to cement ratio. Accordingly, the desired workability water – cement ratio varies. Accordingly, the concrete obtained after the hydration is continuously mixed to prevent the setting of the concrete in the mixing unit 106.
 Going further, the mixing unit 106 is connected to the pumping unit 108. Further, the mixing unit 106 is connected to the pumping unit 108 through a third transfer device. Furthermore, the concrete obtained from the mixing unit 106 is transferred to the pumping unit 108 through the third transfer device. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third transfer device is a concrete mixer transport truck. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the third transfer device is a concrete mixer trailer. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the third transfer device is a metered concrete truck. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the third transfer device is a vehicle with a mixing tank mounted. The transfer device may not be mandatory if mixing drum is hosted on collection site and manual transfer can be made. The mixing tank mixes the concrete by rotating the mixing tank at a pre-defined rate. In addition, the third transfer device stores and transports the concrete along with simultaneous mixing of the concrete to prevent setting of the concrete. In addition, the pumping unit 108 receives the concrete from the third transfer device.
 Going further, the pumping unit 108 is connected to the collection unit 110. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pumping unit 108 is connected to the collection unit 110 through any type of transfer medium. Further, the pumping unit 108 is configured to transfer the concrete to the collection unit 110. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the concrete is transferred by utilizing an electrical pump along with one or more pipes. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the electrical pump in the pumping unit 108 is transferring the concrete to the collection unit 110 through the one or more pipes. In addition, the pumping unit 108 transfers the paste of the concrete at a pre-determined rate to the collection unit 110. The collection unit 110 is configured for utilizing the concrete for construction on a plurality of sites. Moreover, the collection unit 110 is associated with the plurality of sites involved in construction work. The plurality of sites includes bridges, buildings, roads and the like. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the concrete may be directly prepared at the construction site where high volume of concrete is needed. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the pumping unit 108 is not needed if handling quantity is low and the same can be done manually. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the concrete produced has a low grade of strength to a high grade of strength based on variation in the plurality of materials mixed for different purposes.
 In an example, 12.35 kg of cement, 0.65 kg of jarosite, 28 kg of fine aggregates, 38 kg of coarse aggregates and about 6.5 liter of water is taken. Accordingly, the weight of the solid matter is is around 79 kg. In another example, 13.3 kg of cement, 0.70 kg of jarosite, 30 kg of fine aggregates, 39 kg of coarse aggregates and about 6.2 liter of water is taken. Accordingly, the weight of the solid matter is around 83 kg. In yet another example, 14.78 kg of cement, 0.73 kg of jarosite, 30 kg of fine aggregates, 38 kg of coarse aggregates and about 6.5 liter of water is taken. Accordingly, the weight of the solid matter is around 82.5 kg.
 Furthermore, it may be noted that in FIG. 1, the first input unit 102 transfers the plurality of materials to the mixing unit 104 through the first transfer device; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of first input units are transferring the plurality of materials to more number of mixing units through one or more transfer devices. Moreover, it may be noted that in FIG. 1, the second input unit 104 transfers the pre-determined amount of the jarosite to the mixing unit 106 through the second transfer device; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of second input units are transferring the pre-determined amount of the jarosite to more number of mixing units through one or more transfer devices. Further, it may be noted that in FIG. 1, the mixing unit 106 transfers the concrete to the pumping unit 108 through the third transfer device; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of the mixing units are transferring the concrete to more number of pumping units through the one or more transfer devices. In addition, it may be noted that in FIG.1, the pumping unit 108 transfers the concrete to the collection unit 110; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of the pumping units are transferring the concrete to more number of collection units.
 FIG. 2 illustrates a system 200 for manufacturing of mortar by utilizing the waste residue obtained from the one or more sources, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In addition, the waste residue is utilized as the part of a composition required for the manufacturing of the mortar. The mortar has low grade of strength to a high grade of strength. In addition, the mortar is a workable paste and produced by variation in the quantity of the cement, Jarosite, water and sand mixed for different purpose. Also, the system 200 makes use of the composition for carrying out the manufacturing of the mortar. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the waste
residue replaces a pre-determined amount of a material of a second one or more materials utilized in the construction of the mortar. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the second one or more materials includes the cement.
 Moreover, the system 200 is configured for performing the manufacturing of the mortar by using a second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite and a first pre-determined quantity of the cement. Going further, the waste residue utilized for the manufacturing of the mortar is jarosite. Moreover, the jarosite is obtained from the one or more sources. The one or more sources for obtaining the jarosite include a waste residue from a hydrometallurgy plant, a secondary material, a byproduct from a chemical plant and the like. For example, jarosite may be procured from performing the hydrometallurgy of zinc which produces a waste product called jarosite (as explained above in the detailed description of FIG. 1).
 Further, the system 200 includes a first feeding unit 202, a second feeding unit 204, a mixing unit 206, a pumping unit 208 and a collection unit 210. The above stated units are configured for performing the manufacturing of the mortar by utilizing the waste residue as the part of the composition required for the construction of the mortar. In addition, the above stated units perform the construction of the mortar by using the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite and the first pre-determined quantity of the cement. Further, the construction of the mortar requires a pre-determined amount of a plurality of ingredients. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the construction of the mortar requires pre-constructed or pre-manufactured cement for proceeding with the construction process.
 Accordingly, the first feeding unit 202 is configured to perform collection of a pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients. In addition, the first feeding unit 202 is configured for storing the plurality of ingredients. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first input unit 202 stores a mixture of the plurality of ingredients. The first feeding unit 202 adds the first pre-determined quantity of the cement. The first pre-determined quantity of the cement is in a range of 15 % to 40% by weight. Also, the first feeding unit 202 is configured for transferring the plurality of ingredients with the cement for initiating the process of the construction of the mortar. The pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients is obtained from a plurality of resources. Examples of the plurality of resources include but may not be limited to ores, rock deposits and sand deposits. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of ingredients includes sand, clay and water.
 Going further, the first feeding unit 202 is connected to the mixing unit 206. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first feeding unit 202 is connected to the mixing unit 206 through a first transferring device. Moreover, the first feeding unit 202 transfers the pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients and the cement to the mixing unit 206. Also, the first feeding unit 202 transfers a third pre-determined quantity of sand in the one or more mechanical mixers. The third pre-determined quantity of the sand is added in a quantity of 60% to 85 % by weight. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first feeding unit 202 transfers the mixture of the plurality of ingredients and the cement to the mixing unit 206 through the first transferring device. The pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients and the cement are transferred by the first feeding unit 202 using the first transferring device is based on a capacity of the mixing unit 206. In addition, the first transferring device may be any mechanical device for transferring the plurality of ingredients. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of ingredients may be transferred manually. Examples of the first transferring device include but may not be limited to the hopper, the chain conveyor and the loader.
 Also, the second feeding unit 204 is connected to the mixing unit 206. Furthermore, the second feeding unit 204 is connected to the mixing unit 206 through a second transferring device. Moreover, the second feeding unit 204 is configured for storing the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite. Further, the second feeding unit 204 is configured for transferring the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite to the mixing unit 206. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second feeding unit 204 transfers the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite to the mixing unit 206 through the second transferring device. The second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite transferred to the mixing unit 206 is based on the amount of the mortar to be constructed. In an embodiment, the second transfer device may be mechanical. In another embodiment, the pre-determined amount of jarosite is transferred manually.
 Furthermore, the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite and the pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients along with the cement is received by the mixing unit 206. Accordingly, the mixing unit 206 is configured for performing the mixing of the pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients and the cement from the first feeding unit 202 with the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite from the second feeding unit 204. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the mixing unit 206 includes one or more mechanical mixers for mixing the pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients and the cement with the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite. Moreover, the mixing unit 206 mixes the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite along with the pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients to form a homogeneous blend of the mortar in each of the one or more mechanical mixers.
 In addition, a fourth pre-determined quantity of water is added in the mixing unit 206 to enable binding of the mortar through hydration of the first pre-determined quantity of the cement and pozzolanic action of jarosite with free lime after longer duration. Accordingly, the mortar forms the paste of the mortar. Moreover, each of the one or more mechanical mixers in the mixing unit 206 continuously mixes the paste of the mortar to prevent hardening. The fourth pre-determined quantity of water is added in a pre-defined interval of time to prevent setting of the paste of the mortar. The fourth pre-determined quantity of the water is in a range of 0.3 to 0.6 ratio by weight of the cement. Accordingly, the mortar present in the mixing unit 206 is ready to be utilized.
 In an example, 190 g of the cement, 10 g of jarosite (5% jarosite), 600 g of standard sand and 76 ml of water is taken. Accordingly, the weight of the solid matter is 800 g. In another example, 180 g of the cement, 20 g of jarosite (10% jarosite), 600 g of standard sand and 76 ml of water is taken. Accordingly, the weight of the solid matter is 800 g. In yet another example, 170 g of the cement, 30 g of jarosite (15% jarosite), 600 g of standard sand and 76 ml of water is taken. Accordingly, the weight of the solid matter is 800 g. In yet another example, 160 g of the cement, 40 g of jarosite (20% jarosite), 600 g of standard sand and 76 ml of water is taken. Accordingly, the weight of the solid matter is 800 g.
 Going further, the mixing unit 206 is connected to the pumping unit 208. Further, the mixing unit 206 is connected to the pumping unit 208 through a transfer device. Furthermore, the mortar obtained from the mixing unit 206 is transferred to the pumping unit 208 through the transfer device. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transfer device is a mortar mixer transport truck. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the transfer device is a mortar mixer trailer. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the transfer device is a metered mortar truck. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the transfer device is a vehicle with a mixing tank mounted. The
transfer device may not be mandatory if mixing drum is hosted on collection site and manual transfer can be made. The mixing tank mixes the mortar by rotating the mixing tank at a pre-defined rate. In addition, the transfer device stores and transports the mortar along with simultaneous mixing of the mortar to prevent setting of the mortar. In addition, the pumping unit 208 receives the mortar from the transfer device.
 The pumping unit 208 is connected to the collection unit 210. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pumping unit 208 is connected to the collection unit 210 through a third transferring device. Further, the pumping unit 208 transfers the mortar to the collection unit 210 through the third transferring device. The third transferring device may be manually or electrically operated. Examples of the third transferring device include but may not be limited to the feed hopper, the electrical pump, the one or more pipes, a trailer and the loader. Moreover, the collection unit 210 is configured for utilizing the mortar in a plurality of sites. In addition, the plurality of sites includes buildings, bridges, roads and the like. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the mortar may be directly prepared at the construction site where high volume of mortar is needed. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the mortar produced has a low grade of strength to a high grade of strength based on variation in the plurality of ingredients mixed for different purposes.
 Furthermore, it may be noted that in FIG. 2, the first feeding unit 202 transfers the pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients to the mixing unit 206 through the first transferring device; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of first feeding units are transferring the pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients to more number of mixing units through one or more transferring devices. Moreover, it may be noted that in FIG. 2, the second feeding unit 204 transfers the pre-determined amount of the jarosite to the mixing unit 206 through the second transferring device; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of second feeding units are transferring the pre-determined amount the jarosite to more number of the mixing units through the one or more transferring devices. Further, it may be noted that in FIG. 2, the mixing unit 206 transfers the mortar to the collection unit 210 through the third transferring device; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of the mixing units are transferring the mortar to the collection units through the one or more transferring devices.
 FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram 300 for the manufacturing of the concrete by utilizing the waste residue obtained from the one or more sources, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. The waste residue utilized for the manufacturing of the concrete is the jarosite obtained from the one or more sources. The one or more sources of the jarosite include the waste residue from the hydrometallurgy plant, the secondary material, the byproducts obtained from the chemical plants and the like (as elaborated in the detailed description of the FIG. 1). It may be noted that to explain the system elements of FIG. 3, references will be made to the system elements of FIG. 1. The block diagram 300 describes a method followed to perform the manufacturing of the concrete by utilizing the pre-defined proportion of the jarosite and the cement.
 Further, the block diagram 300 includes the first input unit 102, the second input unit 104, a blending unit 302, a transport unit 304 and the pumping unit 108. The first input unit 102 is configured to store the pre-determined amount of the plurality of materials. The plurality of materials includes water, the fine aggregates and the coarse aggregates. The fine aggregates and the coarse aggregates are added to increase the volume of the concrete that enables formation of larger structures. The fine
aggregates and the coarse aggregates include sand, clay, gravel and the like. The plurality of materials stored in the first input unit 102 is obtained from a plurality of sources. The plurality of sources includes a quarry of limestone, a quarry of sandstone, sea shore, and deposits of clay, ores and the like.
 Further, the first input unit 102 transfers the third pre-defined quantity of the coarse aggregates and the fine aggregates and the first pre-defined quantity of the cement to the blending unit 302 through the first transfer device. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the blending unit 302 corresponds to the mixing unit 106 (as shown in the FIG. 1). Moreover, the third pre-defined quantity of the coarse aggregates and the fine aggregates and the first pre-defined quantity of the cement transferred is based on the capacity of the blending unit 302. In addition, the blending unit 302 includes the one or more mechanical mixers. The first input unit 102 performs addition of the third pre-defined quantity of the coarse aggregates and the fine aggregates and the first pre-defined quantity of the cement in the one or more mechanical or manual mixers in the blending unit 302. Moreover, the third pre-defined quantity of the coarse aggregates and the fine aggregates is added in a pre-defined amount in each of the one or more mechanical or manual mixers. Further, the second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite is obtained from the plurality of sources. The plurality of sources includes ores, deposits, byproduct in a chemical plant, residue or waste of a chemical plant and the like.
 Also, the second input unit 104 is connected to the blending unit 302. Furthermore, the second input unit 104 is connected to the blending unit 302 through the second transfer device. Moreover, the second input unit 104 is configured for storing the second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite (as described above in the detailed description of FIG. 1). In addition, the second input unit 104 transfers the second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite to the blending unit 302 through the second transfer device. The second input unit 104 adds the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers in the blending unit 302. Moreover, the jarosite is 1-20% by weight of cement. Accordingly, the blending unit 302 is configured for mixing the cement and the jarosite from the second input unit 104 to form the heterogeneous blend of the concrete.
 Further, each of the one or more mechanical mixers in the blending unit 302 may include a mixing tank, a weighing device and a driving device as all devices as compact unit or in separation. The pre-defined amount of the plurality of materials, the first pre-defined quantity of the cement and the second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite is weighed by the weighing device. Also, the weighing device is used to maintain the pre-defined proportion of the jarosite and the cement in the concrete composition. The second pre-defined quantity of the jarosite along with the pre-defined amount of the plurality of materials falls in the mixing tank. Moreover, the driving device is attached to the mixing tank to enable the mixing of the pre-determined amount of the jarosite with the plurality of materials to obtain the paste of the concrete. Further, the blending unit 302 performs the mixing of the cement and the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers. In addition, the jarosite is added in each of the one or more mechanical mixers for increasing strength of the concrete.
 The jarosite added in each of the one or more mechanical mixers is selected from a group. The group consists of a sodium jarosite, ammonium jarosite and basic iron sulphate. Moreover, the jarosite has a formula of Na/NH4[Fe3(OH)6(SO4)2]. In addition, the jarosite contains iron in a range of 20 – 30%, zinc in a range of 1 – 7%, lead in a range of 1-5%, manganese less than 0.5% and magnesium less than 0.1 %. Also, the jarosite contains copper less than 0.1 %, cadmium less than 0.05% and calcium in range of 1-8%. Furthermore, the jarosite used is associated with a plurality of parameters. The plurality of
parameters include concentration of sulfide sulfur, loss in ignition (LOI), insoluble residue (IR), glass content and chemical composition of mixtures of chemicals. In addition, the concentration of sulfide sulfur is less than 1.8 %, the loss in ignition is less than 1.5%, the insoluble residue is less than 1.55 and the glass content is greater than 90%, which is suitable for construction material as per physical properties of standard construction materials. Furthermore, the jarosite used is associated with plurality of parameters. The plurality of parameters include ratio of cumulative sum of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and one-third aluminum oxide with denominator sum of two-third aluminum oxide and silica more than 1.0. The ratio of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide with denominator of silica is more than 1.5. The sum of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and silica is more than 75. The ratio of cumulative sum of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide with denominator of silica is more than 1.2. The ratio of calcium oxide and silica is less than 1.1.
 Further, the jarosite is associated with one or more physical properties. The one or more physical properties include blaine fineness, standard consistency, specific gravity, retained on 45 μ sieve, initial setting time, final setting time and soundness Le-Chatelier. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the test values of the one or more physical properties with 75 % jarosite and 25 % ordinary Portland cement are obtained. In an example, the test value for the blaine fineness is 330 m2/Kg, the retained on 45 μ sieve is 1.2 %, the specific gravity is 2.8, the initial setting time is 262 minutes, the final setting time is 309 minutes and the soundness Le-Chatelier is 1 mm. The physical properties in above example confirm opportunity of using jarosite upto 25% as replacement of cement in construction materials.
 Furthermore, a performance test is done to evaluate reactivity of admixture in OPC mixes of jarosite due to its complex influences of various parameters on reactivity of mineral admixture including slag and the like. In addition, grade –100 and grade –120 in structural concrete is recommended to be used. Slag activity test is conducted using jarosite as admixture and observed that jarosite lies between grade –100 and grade –120 structural concrete and achieves desirable strength in 7 days and 28 days. Moreover, jarosite attributes to homogenize with basic blending materials. Jarosite is not a binding material and contains some percentage of iron, silica, aluminum, magnesium, calcium and the like and free lime available for cement. Further, jarosite undergoes pozzolanic action over a period of time forming a weak chemical bond and finally results in higher compressive strength over a period of time. Accordingly, jarosite creates opportunity to be used as fill - in material in the voids of cementitious mass. The iron content provides additional advantage while blending with cement.
 Moreover, the cement added to each of the one or more mechanical mixers is Ordinary Portland cement. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cement added to each of the plurality of mechanical mixers is Portland Pozzolana cement. The Ordinary Portland cement is a basic form of cement and the Portland Pozzolana cement is blended cement. Going further, the blending unit 302 is connected to the transport unit 304 through a type of transferring medium. Further, the blending unit 302 transfers the pre-defined quantity of the concrete to the transport unit 304 through the transferring medium. The pre-defined quantity of the concrete is based on the capacity of the transport unit 304. The transport unit 304 is configured for obtaining the concrete from each of the one or more mechanical mixers after completion of the mixing of the plurality of materials and the jarosite. Further, the transport unit 304 includes a rotary unit 304a and a vehicle unit 304b connected to each other. Furthermore, the rotary unit 304a is a concrete mixing tank mounted on the vehicle unit 304b. Also, the vehicle unit 304b is associated with a user that drives the transport unit 304. In an embodiment of the present disclosure,
the transport unit 304b is a concrete mixer transport truck. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the transport unit 304b is a concrete mixer trailer. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the transport unit 304b is a metered concrete truck.
 Furthermore, the concrete is transferred to the concrete mixing tank in the transport unit 304. The concrete mixing tank is agitated and rotated in a pre-defined direction at a pre-defined rate continuously. In addition, the concrete is transferred from the transport unit 304 to the pumping unit 108 through the transferring medium. The pumping unit 108 is configured for transferring the paste of the concrete to the plurality of construction sites. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pumping unit 108 includes a heavy duty pump and one or more pipes for transfer of the paste of the concrete. The heavy duty pump transfers the paste of the concrete at a pre-defined rate to the plurality of construction sites through the one or more pipes. In an example, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, a cement experimentation process is carried out. Cement concrete is prepared in standard cube size of 150 mm each side. In addition, concrete is prepared with respect to concrete mix design in accordance with Indian standard guidelines. The amount of jarosite is varied with cement. Further, the cement, the coarse aggregates, the fine aggregates and water is used to cast the cubes. Furthermore, the amount of jarosite is varied from 5% to 20 % of the amount of cement used. Accordingly, the cubes are placed in water after 24 hours for curing. The compressive strength is tested after 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. The example represents one set of experiments but not limited to these result or combinations of jarosite and cement. The results of the experiment are provided in the table given below.
Compressive Strength (MPa) Ordinary Portland Cement Pozzolanic Portland Cement 7 days 14 days 28 days 7 days 14 days 28 days J-0% + C-100% 32 37 44 30 33 42 J-5% + C-95% 32 35 44 31 36 43 J-10% + C-90% 31 35 42 31 35 40 J-15% + C-85% 29 30 37 30 31 38 J-20% + C-80% 26 27 33 27 28 36 * ‘J’ – here refers to jarosite & ‘C’ – here refers to cement.
 The results provided in the table shows that the strength development is faster and higher during the first 7 days which slows down but matches with 100% cement based concrete. The blending of jarosite upto 10% is safer for concrete upto M - 25 grade and should be considered beneficial. 5% blending of jarosite is safe for higher grade of concrete (M - 30 grade) and 20% blending of jarosite is safe for lean concrete (M-10 grade). The PPC contains flyash as mineral admixture at a percentage of 25 - 35% leaving lesser scope for utilization of jarosite in PPC that in OPC. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the strength of the concrete decreases with increase in the quantity of the jarosite.
 Furthermore, it may be noted that in FIG. 3, the first input unit 102 transfers the plurality of materials to the blending unit 302 through the first transfer device; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of the first input units are transferring the plurality of materials to more number of blending units through the one or more transfer devices. Moreover, it may be noted that in FIG. 3, the second input unit 104 transfers the pre-determined amount of the jarosite to the blending unit 302 through the transfer device; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number
of the second input units are transferring the pre-determined amount of the jarosite to the more number of the mixing units through the one or more transfer devices.
 Moreover, it may be noted that in FIG. 3, the blending unit 302 transfers the paste of the concrete to the transport unit 304 through the transfer device; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of the blending units are transferring the paste of the concrete to more number of transport units through the one or more transfer devices. In addition, it may be noted that in FIG. 3, the transport unit 304 transfers the paste of the concrete to the pumping unit 108; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of the transport units are transferring the paste of the concrete to more number of pumping units.
 FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram 400 for the manufacturing of the mortar by utilizing the waste residue obtained from the one or more sources; in accordance with various embodiment of the present disclosure. The waste residue utilized for the manufacturing of the mortar is the jarosite obtained from the one or more sources. The one or more sources of the jarosite include the waste residue from the hydrometallurgy plant, the secondary material, the byproduct from the chemical plant and the like (as stated above in the detailed description of the FIG. 2). The block diagram 400 describes a method followed for the manufacturing of the mortar by using the pre-determined proportion of the jarosite and the cement, as the binder.
 In addition, it may be noted that to explain the system elements of FIG. 4, references will be made to the system elements of FIG. 2. Further, the block diagram 400 includes the first feeding unit 202, the second feeding unit 204, a processing unit 402 and a storing unit 404. The above stated units are configured for performing the manufacturing of the mortar by utilizing the waste residue as the part of the composition required for the construction of the mortar. In addition, the above stated units perform the construction of the mortar by using the first pre-determined quantity of the cement and the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite. Further, the construction of the mortar requires the pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the construction of the mortar requires the pre-constructed cement for proceeding with the construction process.
 Accordingly, the first feeding unit 202 collects the third pre-determined quantity of the sand and the first pre-determined quantity of the cement. In addition, the first feeding unit 202 stores the third pre-determined quantity of the sand. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first input unit 202 stores the mixture of the third pre-determined quantity of the sand and the first pre-determined quantity of the cement. Also, the first feeding unit 202 transfers the third pre-determined quantity of the sand and the first pre-determined quantity of the cement for initiating the process of the construction of the mortar. The third pre-determined quantity of the sand is obtained from a plurality of resources. Examples of the plurality of resources include but may not be limited to water, ores, rock deposits and sand deposits (as described above in the detailed description of FIG. 2).
 Going further, the first feeding unit 202 is connected to the processing unit 402. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first input unit 202 is connected to the processing unit 402 through the first transferring device. Moreover, the first feeding unit 202 transfers the pre-determined amount of the plurality of ingredients and the first pre-determined quantity of the cement to the processing unit 402. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first feeding unit 202 transfers the
mixture of the plurality of ingredients and the cement to the processing unit 402 through the first transferring device. Also, the second feeding unit 204 is connected to the processing unit 402. Furthermore, the second feeding unit 204 is connected to the processing unit 402 through the second transferring device. Moreover, the second feeding unit 204 stores the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite. Further, the second feeding unit 204 is configured for transferring the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite to the processing unit 402. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second feeding unit 204 transfers the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite to the processing unit 402 through the second transferring device. The second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite transferred to the mixing unit 206 is based on the amount of the mortar to be constructed (as described above in the detailed description of FIG. 2).
 Further, the processing unit 402 includes a weighing unit 402a, a controlling unit 402b and the mixing unit 206. Moreover, the processing unit 402 adds the plurality of ingredients and the cement in each of the one or more mechanical or manual mixers together with the addition of the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical or manual mixers. Moreover, the pre-defined amount of the plurality of ingredients, the cement and the second pre-determined quantity of the jarosite is weighed by the weighing unit 402a in order to maintain the pre-defined proportion of the jarosite and the cement in the mortar. In addition, operations of the mixing unit 206 and the weighing unit 402a is managed and monitored through the controlling unit 402b for optimizing the manufacturing of the mortar. Further, the controlling unit 402b is configured for remotely controlling a pre-determined rate of the mixing in each of the one or more mechanical mixers. Also, the controlling unit 402b regulates the pre-defined proportion of the jarosite and cement in each of the one or more mechanical mixers in the mixing unit 206. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the controlling unit 402b is not required when the mixing is performed manually.
 Further, the mixing unit 206 is configured for mixing the cement and the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers. In addition, each of the plurality of ingredients is added in a pre-defined interval of time. Also, the jarosite is 1-20% by weight of the cement. The jarosite added to each of the one or more mechanical mixers in the mixing unit 206 is selected from a group. The group consists of sodium jarosite, ammonium jarosite and basic iron sulphate. Moreover, each of the plurality of ingredients is added in the pre-defined amount in each of the one or more mechanical mixers in the mixing unit 206. Accordingly, the mixing unit 206 produces the paste of the mortar. Furthermore, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cement added to each of the one or more mechanical mixers is the Ordinary Portland cement. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the cement added to each of the one or more mechanical mixers is the Portland Pozzolana cement. Further, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the paste of the mortar is the Ordinary Portland mortar. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the paste of the mortar is the Pozzolona Portland mortar. Further, the processing unit 402 transfers the paste of the mortar to the storing unit 404 through a transferring medium.
 Further, the storing unit 404 is configured to obtain the mortar from each of the one or more mechanical mixers in the mixing unit 206 after completion of the mixing of the plurality of ingredients, the cement and the jarosite. Furthermore, the storing unit 404 includes a packaging unit 404a and the transport unit 404b. The mortar obtained from the processing unit 402 is received by the packaging unit 404a based on the capacity of the packaging unit 404a. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the packaging unit 404a is configured to perform packaging of the mortar in one or more bags. The one or
more bags of the mortar are transferred to the transport unit 404b. The transport unit 404b is designed to prevent the hardening of the mortar. The transport unit 404b further transports the mortar to the plurality of sites. The plurality of sites includes roads, bridges, buildings, dams and the like. In addition, the mortar is transferred from the transport unit 404b to the pumping unit 208 through the transferring medium. The pumping unit 208 is configured for transferring the paste of the mortar to the plurality of construction sites. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pumping unit 208 includes a heavy duty pump and one or more pipes for transfer of the paste of the mortar. The heavy duty pump transfers the paste of the mortar at a pre-defined rate to the plurality of construction sites through the one or more pipes. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pumping 208 is not required when the handling quantity is low and the mixing can be done manually. Furthermore, the paste of the mortar obtained from the transport unit 404b hardens after the setting of the cement and the jarosite in the mortar composition. Also, the compressive strength of two types of the mortar is assessed for the pre-determined interval of time in terms of the MPa. Moreover, excess amount of admixture changes the required property of cement mix and lessens the strength of the concrete. In addition, proper mixing of cement and admixture is required in order to avoid lumps and faulty results.
 In another example, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, a mortar experimentation process is discussed. Cement mortars are prepared in standard cube size of 70.6 mm side. In addition, samples are prepared using 200 g of cement and 600 g of Indian standard sand. Moreover, the amount of water to be added is determined from the test of the standard consistency of cement paste. The amount of water deviates from consistency value due to applicability of expression used is for OPC and different for PPC. Further, the amount of jarosite is varied from 5% to 20 % of the amount of cement used. Accordingly, the samples are demoulded after 24 hours from the time of casting. Furthermore, the cubes are placed in water for curing. Accordingly, the compressive strength is tested after 3 days, 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. The example represents one set of experiments but not limited to these result or combinations of jarosite and cement. The results of the experiment are provided in the table given below.
Mortar Compressive Strength (MPa) Ordinary Portland Cement Pozzolanic Portland Cement 3 days 7 days 14 days 28 days 3 days 7 days 14 days 28 days J-0% + C-100% 30 33 37 54 26 32 39 48 J-5% + C-95% 29 34 46 54 27 35 40 49 J-10% + C-90% 29 36 44 52 29 36 40 44 J-15% + C-85% 28 34 45 52 26 30 36 43 J-20% + C-80% 26 34 39 48 22 26 31 39 * ‘J’ – here refers to jarosite & ‘C’ – here refers to cement.
 The results provided in the table shows that the strength development is faster and higher during the first 7 days which later on slows down and matches with 100% cement based concrete. The blending of jarosite upto 10% is safer for concrete upto M-25 grade. 5% blending of jarosite is safe for higher grade of concrete (M-30 grade) and 20% blending of jarosite is safe for lean concrete (M-10 grade). The PPC contains flyash as mineral admixture up to 35% and has lesser consumption pattern for utilization of jarosite in PPC that in OPC.
 Moreover, it may be noted that in FIG. 4, the first feeding unit 202 transfers the plurality of ingredients to the processing unit 402 through the first transferring device; however, those skilled in the
art would appreciate that more number of the first feeding units are transferring the plurality of ingredients to more number of processing units through more number of transfer devices. Further, it may be noted that in FIG. 4, the second feeding unit 204 transfers the pre-determined amount of the jarosite to the processing unit 402 through the second transferring device; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of the second feeding units are transferring the pre-determined amount of the jarosite to more number of the processing units through more number of transfer devices. Furthermore, it may be noted that in FIG. 4, the processing unit 402 transfers the mortar to the storing unit 404, however those skilled in the art would appreciate that more number of the processing units are transferring the mortar to more number of storing units.
 FIG. 5 illustrates a flow chart 500 for the manufacturing of the concrete by utilizing the pre-defined proportion of the waste residue and the cement, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. It may be noted that to explain the process steps of flowchart 500, references will be made to the system elements of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3. The flow chart 500 initiates at step 502. Following step 502, at step 504, add the first pre-defined quantity of the cement in the one or more mechanical mixers. At step 506, add the second pre-defined quantity of jarosite in the one or more mechanical mixers. At step 508, add the third pre-defined quantity of the coarse aggregates and the fine aggregates in the one or more mechanical mixers. At step 510, mix the cement and the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers and add the fourth pre-defined quantity of water. At step 512, obtain the concrete from each of the one or more mechanical mixers after completion of the mixing of the cement and the jarosite. The flowchart 500 terminates at step 514.
 It may be noted that the flowchart 500 is explained to have above stated process steps; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that the flowchart 500 may have more/less number of process steps which may enable all the above stated embodiments of the present disclosure.
 FIG. 6 illustrates a flow chart 600 for the manufacturing of the mortar by utilizing the pre-defined proportion of the waste residue and the cement, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. It may be noted that to explain the process steps of flowchart 600, references will be made to the system elements of FIG. 2 and FIG. 4. The flow chart 600 initiates at step 602. Following step 602, at step 604, add the first pre-determined quantity of the cement in the one or more mechanical mixers. At step 606, add the second pre-determined quantity of jarosite in the one or more mechanical mixers. At step 608, add the third pre-determined quantity of the sand in the one or more mechanical mixers. At step 610, mix the cement and the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers by adding the fourth pre-determined quantity of water. At step 612, obtain the mortar from each of the one or more mechanical mixers after completion of the mixing of the cement and the jarosite. The flowchart 600 terminates at step 614.
 It may be noted that the flowchart 600 is explained to have above stated process steps; however, those skilled in the art would appreciate that the flowchart 600 may have more/less number of process steps which may enable all the above stated embodiments of the present disclosure.
 In yet another example, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, a leachability test is conducted for the jarosite mix mortar and concrete. The leachability test is done for studying the effect of jarosite based cement products in mild acidic conditions. In addition, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid is used for the leachability test. Jarosite blended cement cubes are obtained in mild acidic conditions
of low concentration for a period of 14 days. Further, different strengths of acid are used. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the different acid strengths include 0.1 N, 0.05 N, 0.025 N, 0.005 N, 0.001 N and tap water. The example represents one set of experiments but not limited to these result or combinations of jarosite, cement or leaching conditions or any other property. The results are provided in the table given below.
Acid Strength
% Change in Mass of Cube at 14th day
Compressive Strength (MPa) at 14th day
pH of solution
0 day
3rd day
7th day
8th day
14th day
0.1 N
1.3%
25
3.3
6.7
10.0
10.2
10.1
0.05 N
0.8%
24
3.6
7.3
9.4
10.7
10.8
0.025 N
0.6%
24
3.8
7.6
9.8
10.1
10.2
0.005 N
Not detectable
25
4.3
8.1
10.2
10.5
10.4
0.001 N
Not detectable
25
4.9
10.6
10.7
10.9
10.8
Tap water
Not detectable
25
6.4
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.5
 Jarosite blended cement cubes show negligible deterioration in mild acidic conditions for a period of 14 days. In addition, no loss in mass and compressive strength is observed for 14 days period. Accordingly, jarosite blended cementitious materials like mortar and concrete does not show any adverse impact under mild acidic conditions.
 In yet another example, in another embodiment of the present disclosure, the leachabilty test is done in strong acidic conditions. The jarosite mixed concrete and mortar are treated with sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid separately with acid concentrations of 1N, 0.5N, 0.4N, 0.3N, 0.1N, 0.075N and 0.05N. In addition, the tests are performed by keeping a plurality of cubes for a period of 28 days to study deterioration. In addition, a set of results are obtained for different parameters. The parameters include the compressive strength, weight loss and loss in strength. Also, the set of results are obtained for different varying concentrations of jarosite and cement. The example represents one set of experiments but not limited to these result or combinations of jarosite, cement or leaching conditions or any other property. The results of the experiment are provided below in the table.
Leaching Conditions
J-0% + C-100%
J-5% + C-95%
J-10% + C-90%
J-15% + C-85%
J-20% + C-80%
H2SO4
0.1 N
Compressive Strength (MPa)
22%
30
36
32
28
Wt. Loss
2.5%
2.5%
2.2%
2.0%
2.0%
H2SO4
0.075 N
Compressive Strength (MPa)
46
48
49
48
46
Wt. Loss
2.5%
2.5%
2.4%
2.4%
1.8%
H2SO4
0.05 N
Compressive Strength (MPa)
44
48
50
42
35
Wt. Loss
2.0%
1.7%
1.7%
1.5%
1.7%
HCl
0.1 N
Compressive Strength (MPa)
22
30
36
34
30
Wt. Loss
3.0%
2.9%
2.4%
2.0%
2.0%
HCl
0.075 N
Compressive Strength (MPa)
49
50
51
48
46
Wt. Loss
1.8%
1.8%
1.7%
1.5%
1.7%
HCl
0.05 N
Compressive Strength (MPa)
32
40
43
37
26
Wt. Loss
2.3%
2.1%
2.0%
2.1%
2.1%
 The results from acid concentrations of 0.075N and above show that dislodging of particulate materials increases with increased acid strength which is indicative of deterioration of mortar and concrete in highly aggressive acidic environment. The acid solution has attached the silicates of calcium in cement causing a loss of bonding capacity of cement based products. In addition, similar nature of deterioration has been observed under aggressive acidic conditions while testing the above cement based products with and without using jarosite. The loss in weight and strength under acidic condition is observed in both type of cements (OPC or PPC) and with or without jarosite mixing. Moreover, porosity of mortar/ concrete increases as loss in weight increases which is harmful and must be mitigated. In addition, jarosite is found to be effective in mitigating this loss as percent loss in weight is lower and compressive strength is higher with the addition of jarosite. Also, jarosite particles are finer than cement which results in better packing of solid mortar/ concrete. Accordingly, there is improvement of strength and reduction in the porosity of structural materials. High replacement of jarosite with cement results in reduction of cube mass and strength due to presence of very low cement quantity.
 Further, the present disclosure provides a composition for making the concrete. The composition includes 10 % to 30 % by weight cement, 1 % to 20 % of jarosite by weight of the cement, 0.3 to 0.6 ratio of water by weight of the cement and Jarosite and 70% to 90% by weight of coarse aggregates and fine aggregates in ratio of 1:1 to 1:2. The fine aggregates include at least one of fine gravels, coarse sand and normal sand. Furthermore, the present disclosure provides a composition for making the mortar. The composition includes 15 % to 40% by weight cement, 1 % to 20 % of jarosite by weight of the cement, 0.3 to 0.6 ratio of water by weight of the cement and Jarosite and 60% to 85% by weight sand.
 The concrete and mortar based products are exposed to several environmental conditions. In addition, behavior of heavy/toxic elements under different conditions are analyzed for longer duration under different conditions including water, sulfate solution, alkaline solution, chloride solution, marine water and the like. Accordingly, the results are found comparable to the control samples. The control samples correspond to the concrete and mortar products prepared without using jarosite. The test confirms suitability of jarosite based concrete and mortar in construction sector for various applications.
 The present disclosure provides numerous advantages over the prior art. The concrete obtained can be used in construction projects under marine environment where high strength concrete is required using superplastisizer in small percentage as binder. In addition jarosite based concrete can be used in high temperature applications like chimney/ containment vessel of atomic power reactor/ clinker silos.
 The method utilizes and converts the jarosite into a usable construction material. Accordingly, use of the jarosite decreases demand of producing the cement alone as a binder in the manufacturing of the concrete and the mortar. This reduces the manufacturing cost incurred in producing the concrete and the mortar. In addition, the present method reduces the pollution caused due to dumping of the jarosite in landfills and reduces a threat of ecological imbalance. Further, the efficient use of the jarosite brings down negative impact on the environment. Furthermore, the use of the jarosite as the binder in the manufacturing of the concrete and the mortar induces a decrease in mining of natural resources used in the manufacturing of the cement. In addition, the use of jarosite increases the compressive strength, soundness, fineness and consistency of the concrete and the mortar. Also, the jarosite getting fully assimilated into body of the concrete and the mortar without leaching out suggests a most effective utilization in terms of cost. Further, the use of jarosite helps in reduction of carbon dioxide emission and improves sustainability. Furthermore, the use of jarosite results in low carbon footprints, which helps in improving quality of air in bio-sphere.
Claims
What is claimed is: 1. A method for manufacturing concrete by utilizing jarosite, the jarosite being a basic iron sulphate of at least one of sodium and ammonium along with iron, the method comprising:
adding a first pre-defined quantity of cement in one or more mechanical mixers;
adding a second pre-defined quantity of jarosite in the one or more mechanical mixers depending upon a strength of the concrete, wherein the jarosite is 1-20% by weight of cement;
adding a third pre-defined quantity of coarse aggregates and fine aggregates in the one or more mechanical mixers;
mixing the cement and the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers by adding a fourth pre-defined quantity of water; and
obtaining the concrete from each of the one or more mechanical mixers after completion of the mixing of the cement and the jarosite.
2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the first pre-defined quantity of the cement is in a range of 10 % to 30 % by weight and wherein the cement is a powdery substance, wherein the cement acts as a binder and wherein the third pre-defined quantity of coarse and fine aggregates are 70-90% of total weight in a ratio 1:1 and 1:2 between the fine and the coarse aggregates and wherein the fourth pre-defined quantity of water is in a range of 0.3 to 0.6 by weight of cement and jarosite.
3. A method for manufacturing of mortar by utilizing jarosite, the jarosite being a basic iron sulphate of at least one of sodium and ammonium along with iron, the method comprising:
adding a first pre-determined quantity of cement in one or more mechanical mixers;
adding a second pre-determined quantity of jarosite in the one or more mechanical mixers depending upon strength of the mortar, wherein the jarosite is 1-20% by weight of cement;
adding a third pre-determined quantity of sand in the one or more mechanical mixers;
mixing the cement and the jarosite in each of the one or more mechanical mixers by adding a fourth pre-determined quantity of water; and
obtaining the mortar from each of the one or more mechanical mixers after completion of the mixing of the cement and the jarosite.
4. The method as recited in claim 3, wherein the first pre-determined quantity of the cement is in a range of 15 % to 40% by weight and wherein the cement being a powdery substance that acts as a binder and wherein the third pre-defined quantity of sand is mixed for different purposes, wherein the
sand being added in a quantity of 60% to 85 % by weight and wherein the fourth pre-determined quantity of water is in a range of 0.3 to 0.6 ratio by weight of cement and jarosite.
5. The method as recited in claim 1 and claim 3, wherein the cement added to each of the one or more mechanical mixers is an Ordinary Portland cement, wherein the ordinary Portland cement is a fine powdery substance and wherein the ordinary Portland cement acts as a bonding material having cohesive and adhesive properties.
6. The method as recited in claim 1 and claim 3, wherein the cement added to each of the one or more mechanical mixers is Portland Pozzolana cement and wherein the Portland Pozzolana cement is blended cement produced by inter grinding of clinkers of ordinary Portland cement along with gypsum and pozzolanic materials.
7. A composition for making concrete, the composition comprising:
10 % to 30 % of by weight cement
1 % to 20 % of jarosite by weight of the cement;
0.3 to 0.6 ratio of water by weight of cement and Jarosite; and
23% to 45% by weight fine aggregates and 35% to 60% by weight coarse aggregates; in total 70% to 90% by weight coarse aggregates and fine aggregates, wherein the fine aggregates and the coarse aggregates being in ratio of 1:1 to 1:2.
8. A composition for making mortar, the composition comprising:
15 % to 40 %by weight cement;
1 % to 20 % of jarosite by weight of the cement;
0.3 to 0.6 ratio of water by weight of the cement and Jarosite; and
60% to 85% by weight sand.