Claims:The scope of the invention is defined by the following claims:

Claim:
1. A Soil moisture detection UAV comprising
a) A Tilt rotor mechanism (1) mounted on the wing structure with the help of a mounting base
b) A battery is placed in between motor (3) and onboard equipment (3).
c) A winglet (1) is assembled at the wing tip and the tilt rotor mechanism (2) facilitates vertical take-off, landing and cruise of the UAV
2. As specified in the claim1, moisture sensor (5) is used to sense the soil moisture and its output is given in digital format. The onboard equipment (6) is provide to control the speed and attitude of the UAV
3. As mentioned in the claim1, the moisture sensor prob (4) is used to connect the sensor and onboard equipment. The sensor (5) and onboard equipment (6) provides digital output to the ground computer/mobile , Description:Field of Invention
The present invention relates to aerial testing of moisture content in the agricultural soils by using VTOL UAV to reduce the detection time, increase the efficiency, covers more area and reduce the manpower than the conventional testing methods. The moisture content in the agriculture soil is detected by using moisture sensor connected to onboard equipment of VTOL UAV.
Background of the Invention
The amount of water in the soil determines its moisture content. Water content is a ratio that can range from 0 (totally dry) to the value of the materials' porosity at saturation and is utilized in a wide range of scientific and technical fields. Adsorbed moisture on internal surfaces and capillary condensed water in microscopic pores are both possible sources of moisture. Moisture is mostly absorbed water at low relative humidity levels. Depending on the pore size, liquid water becomes increasingly significant at greater relative humidity levels. Because soil water serves as a solvent and carrier of food nutrients for plant growth, knowing the amount of moisture or soil water is crucial. More often than not, the amount of water available determines a crop's production rather than a lack of other essential nutrients. Soil water is a nutrient in and of itself, and it affects soil temperature.
The moisture content of the soil is measured using a variety of ways. Traditional methods take time, however aerial methods provide a more full view in shorter time. In the patent CN104848893, drones are utilized to detect drought. This invention consists primarily of a drone, several remote controls, and an upper computer; the higher computer and the drone are linked by a wireless transmission module, and the soil moisture sensor is mounted on the drone. These drones hover above the ground but travel at a slower speed. In the patent CN102779391A, a drought early-warning method was created. This invention shows how information on agricultural drought degrees and the like is employed by a geographic information system to build and display a space distribution map, resulting in improved water resource allocation in agriculture and early drought warning in a range of areas. CN202026659U describes the border irrigation reminder device. A humidity probe is put into soil at the irrigation tail end of a border check in this invention, and then a user transports a wireless receiving module to the irrigation head end to drain water. Because this is not an aerial testing method, it takes longer to cover the specified region. These drawbacks are addressed by the suggested innovation, which detects the moisture content of agricultural soil using a moisture sensor coupled to the VTOL UAV's onboard equipment.
In terms of applicability and compact operation, UAVs become more adaptable. Because of its architecture, UAVs have their own set of limitations. Fixed-wing vehicles have a long endurance and range, whereas multi-copter vehicles may hover and operate in a variety of terrains. This brief attempts to combine fixed-wing and multi-copter flight and produces autonomous flight for transition. The operation of the remote controlled vehicle is similar to that of the Boeing v-22 osprey model, which is mostly utilized in the military but is less well recognized than the standard copter design VTOL is the Vertical Takeoff and landing aircraft that can hover, take off and land vertically. This kind of Takeoff and landing mechanism is seen usually in a helicopter. So this invention combines the principle of the fixed wing aircraft with the VTOL concept. This can be done by designing the propulsion system to adopt hover as well as cruise mode operation
The proposed Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) Quad Tilt Rotor RC Aircraft consists of two motors, and is a combination of a Fixed Wing Aircraft and a Quad copter. It has higher efficiency and can attain higher speeds than a Quad copter or Helicopter. As the name suggests, it houses the TILT ROTOR Mechanism. At a flick of a switch it can perform like a multi rotor or like a fixed wing aircraft. The traditional Fixed Wing UAV aircraft requires a long runway. It is incapable of a vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) scenario. Also its maneuvering capability around objects is limited. This makes it inaccessible for certain applications. On the other hand the Rotary Wing Aircraft (Quad-copter, Tri-copter or Helicopter) will have the VTOL ability but the disadvantage is its slow operational speed. Also the consumption of energy is greater than a Fixed Wing RC aircraft.
Summary of the Invention
Conventional method of measuring the moisture content in the soil take more time and crop will be dried .Moreover, it will not cover more area. A method which gives quick response on the soil moisture is required to prevent the loss of crop due to the less moisture content in the soil. The roots will be damaged if the water is not sufficient to the soil. To avoid the damage of crop due to the less moisture content, a fast detection method is required. In light of the above mentioned drawbacks, the present invention aims to detect the moisture content in the agricultural fields by using the moisture sensor attached to the onboard equipment of UAV. VTOL is the Vertical Takeoff and Landing aircraft that can hover, take off and land vertically.
Brief Description of Drawings
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures wherein:
Figure 1 Moisture detection UAV
Detailed Description of the Invention
The incarnation of present disclosure provides aerial testing of moisture content in the agricultural soils by using VTOL UAV. In this invention, VTOL is the Vertical Takeoff and Landing aircraft that can hover, take off and land vertically. This kind of Takeoff and landing mechanism is seen usually in a helicopter. So this invention combines the principle of the fixed wing aircraft with the VTOL concept. This can be done by designing the propulsion system (2) to adopt hover as well as cruise mode operation. The moisture sensor (5) is attached to the onboard equipment. When the sensor prob (4) is dropped into the soil, it measures the moisture content.
The hover capability of this invention ensures the prob will penetrate into the soil to detect the moisture content. The induced drag of the UAV is reduced by the wing let (1) attached to the wing. The onboard electronic equipment (6) is used to control the motor, speed, UAV attitude and sensor. The output of the moisture sensor is sent to the ground computer for the display or sent to the mobile application.
The proposed Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) Quad Tilt Rotor RC Aircraft consists of two motors, and is a combination of a Fixed Wing Aircraft and a Quad copter. It has higher efficiency and can attain higher speeds than a Quad copter or Helicopter. As the name implies, It houses the TILT ROTOR Mechanism. It can transform into a multirotor or a fixed-wing aircraft at the flip of a switch. A large runway is required for traditional fixed-wing UAV aircraft.
A vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) scenario is not possible. Its capacity to navigate around things is also limited. One type of sensor used to determine the volumetric content of water inside the soil is the soil moisture sensor. Because the straight gravimetric dimension of soil moisture must be eliminated, drying and sample weighing are required. These sensors measure the volumetric water content of the soil indirectly, using other soil 4 rules like as dielectric constant, electrical resistance, and otherwise interaction with neutrons and moisture content replacement.
The relation among the calculated property as well as moisture of soil should be adjusted & may change based on ecological factors like temperature, type of soil, otherwise electric conductivity. The microwave emission which is reflected can be influenced by the moisture of soil as well as mainly used in agriculture and remote sensing within hydrology. These sensors are typically employed to monitor volumetric water content, whereas another group of sensors calculates a new moisture property called water potential within soils.
Soil water potential sensors, which include gypsum blocks and tensiometers, are the most common names for these sensors. This sensor primarily uses capacitance to determine the soil's water content (dielectric permittivity). This sensor may be used by putting it into the ground, and the status of the water content in the soil can be given in the form of a percentage. This sensor is ideal for use in science classes such as environmental science, agricultural science, biology, soil science, botany, and horticulture
3 claims & 1 Figure