FORM2
THE PATENTS ACT 1970
39 OF 1970
&
THE PATENT RULES 2003
COMPLETESPECIFICATION
(SEE SECTIONS 10 & RULE 13)
1. TITLEOF THE INVENTION
“METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR ADAPTIVE THERMAL PROTECTION
OF MOTOR”
2. APPLICANTS (S)
(a) Name:
(b) Nationality:
(c) Address: Varroc Engineering Limited
Indian
L-4, MIDC Waluj,
Aurangabad-431136,
Maharashtra, India
3. PREAMBLETOTHEDESCRIPTION
COMPLETESPECIFICATION
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Present disclosure generally relates to an adaptive thermal management. Particularly, but not exclusively, the present disclosure relates to methods and systems for adaptive thermal protection of motor.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Electric motors are extensively used in automotive application. The torque and power generated by a motor are generally limited by parameters like motor speed, phase currents, and thermal characteristics. The coil/winding temperature is an important motor parameter that affects the operation of the motor.
[0003] If the motor is permitted to operate such that the winding temperature becomes too high, the efficiency of the motor may be adversely affected, the permanent magnet within the motor may become demagnetized, and the internal solder joints within the motor may be permanently damaged.
[0004] A number of solutions have been proposed to prevent motor damage and to maintain the motor temperature within permissible temperature limit. One of the solutions describes setting a commanded/requested torque to zero as soon as the permissible temperature limit is reached, so that motor operation is cutoff. The requested torque is again set to non-zero value based on torque versus speed characteristics once the motor temperature drops below the permissible thermal limit.
[0005] In another solution, the commanded torque is limited or varied proportionally to the difference between the motor temperature and permissible thermal limit. In yet another solution, the commanded torque is limited by designing a conventional PI controller based on the difference between motor temperature and permissible thermal limit, so that the motor temperature is set to the permissible thermal limit.

[0006] In yet another thermal protection solution, a performance reduction technique is discussed. A system stores rates of temperature decrease that may be produced by a particular performance reduction. The performance reduction may be applied to bring down the temperature below the permissible thermal limit.
[0007] However, none of the above-mentioned solutions focuses on continuous operation of motor at various operating temperatures and maximizing the power performance at the same time. Therefore, there exists a need in the art to provide a solution which overcomes the above-mentioned problem and to provide a technique that adaptively derates the motor and ensures peak motor performance.
SUMMARY
[0008] The present disclosure overcomes one or more shortcomings of the prior art and provides additional advantages discussed throughout the present disclosure. Additional features and advantages are realized through the techniques of the present disclosure. Other embodiments and aspects of the disclosure are described in detail herein and are considered a part of the claimed disclosure.
[0009] In one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, a system for adaptive thermal protection of a motor assembly/ motor controller. The system comprises a thermal monitoring unit comprising at least one sensor and is operable to measure a temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller using the at least one sensor, determine whether the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller has reached a predetermined temperature threshold, and calculate a rate of change of temperature with respect to time if the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller exceeds the predetermined temperature threshold. The system comprises a torque determination unit in communication with the thermal monitoring unit and is operable to determine a derating factor at least based on a measured temperature, the predetermined temperature threshold, and rate of change of temperature, and modify a requested torque based on the derating factor. Thus, the system facilitates adaptive

thermal protection of motor based on the measured temperature and the rate of change of temperature, thereby ensuring peak motor performance.
[0010] In another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the system further comprises a determination unit in communication with the torque determination unit and is operable to generate at least one control command corresponding to the modified torque, and drive the motor based on the generated at least one control command.
[0011] In yet another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the thermal monitoring unit is further operable to monitor a temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller using at least one sensor and determine whether the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller reaches a critical temperature value. The torque determination unit is further operable to turn off the motor if the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller reaches the critical temperature value.
[0012] In yet another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, to turn off the motor, the torque determination unit is operable to reduce the derating factor to zero and modify the requested torque based on the derating factor.
[0013] In yet another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, to modify the requested torque the torque determination unit is operable to increase/decrease the requested torque based on the derating factor.
[0014] In yet another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of adaptive thermal protection of a motor assembly/ motor controller is disclosed. The method comprises measuring, by at least one sensor, a temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller, determining whether the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller has reached a predetermined temperature threshold, calculating a rate of change of temperature with respect to time if the temperature of

the motor assembly/motor controller exceeds the predetermined temperature threshold, determining a derating factor at least based on a measured temperature, the predetermined temperature threshold, and rate of change of temperature, and modifying a requested torque based on the derating factor. Thus, the method facilitates adaptive thermal protection of motor based on the measured temperature and the rate of change of temperature, thereby ensuring peak motor performance.
[0015] In yet another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further comprises generating at least one control command corresponding to the modified torque and driving the motor based on the generated at least one control command.
[0016] In yet another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further comprises monitoring a temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller using at least one sensor, determining whether the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller reaches a critical temperature value, and turning off the motor if the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller reaches the critical temperature value.
[0017] In yet another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the turning off the motor comprises reducing the derating factor to zero and modifying the requested torque based on the derating factor.
[0018] In yet another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the modifying the requested torque comprises increasing/decreasing the requested torque based on the derating factor.
[0019] The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
[0020] The features, nature, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the detailed description set forth below when taken in conjunction with the drawings in which like reference characters identify correspondingly throughout. Some embodiments of system and/or methods in accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter are now described, by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:
[0021] Fig. 1 illustrates an environment of a powertrain, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0022] Fig. 2 illustrates an exemplary system arrangement for adaptive thermal protection of motor, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0023] Fig. 3 illustrates a system flow diagram for adaptive thermal protection of motor, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0024] Fig. 4 illustrates a block diagram a system for adaptive thermal protection of motor, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0025] Fig. 5 illustrates a flowchart of a method for adaptive thermal protection of motor, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0026] Fig. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method for thermal protection of motor, in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0027] It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any block diagram herein represents conceptual views of illustrative systems embodying the principles of the present subject matter. Similarly, it will be appreciated that any flow charts, flow diagrams and the like represent various processes which may be substantially represented in computer readable medium and executed by a computer or processor, whether or not such computer or processor is explicitly shown.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The terms “comprise”, “comprising”, “include(s)”, or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a setup, system or method that comprises a list of components or steps does not include only those components or steps but may include other components or steps not expressly listed or inherent to such setup or system or method. In other words, one or more elements in a system or apparatus proceeded by “comprises… a” does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the system or apparatus.
[0029] In the following detailed description of the embodiments of the disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the disclosure may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the disclosure, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The following description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense.
[0030] The terminology “electric motor”, “motor assembly”, and “motor” have been alternatively used throughout the specification.
[0031] Fig. 1 illustrates an environment of a powertrain 100, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0032] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the powertrain 100 may comprise of an energy source 101, a power inverter 103, a motor assembly 105, and a motor controller 107 electrically connected to each other. The energy source 101 may be operable to supply the necessary power to the motor assembly 105 and the motor

controller 107. The energy source 101 may comprise a battery, or a battery bank, or any power supply source known to a person skilled in the art.
[0033] The power inverter 103 may comprise at least one switching device and at least one circuit for at least one of: motoring action or energy regeneration action. In motoring action, the motor is driven through the energy source, whereas in energy regeneration action the energy source is charged through running of motor.
[0034] However, the power inverter 103 is not limited to above operation and may perform any other operation known to person skilled in the art. In one non-limiting embodiment, the power inverter 103 may comprise any other hardware component/circuitry known to a person skilled in the art for carrying out the above operations.
[0035] The motor assembly 105 may comprise an electric motor. The motor may be configured to work either in motoring mode or regeneration mode based on the requirement. The motor controller 107 may be in communication with the power inverter 103 and the motor assembly 105. The motor controller 107 may be operable to take commands/requests from a user and generate reference torque required to run the motor through power inverter 103.
[0036] In one non-limiting embodiment, the motor controller 107 may be operable to monitor motor temperature using at least one sensor. The motor controller 107 may be operable to determine whether the motor temperature is above a predetermined threshold value and calculate the rate of change of temperature with respect to time if the motor temperature exceeds the predetermined threshold value.
[0037] The motor controller 107 may be then operable to determine a derating factor based on one or more of: the predetermined threshold value, the rate of change of temperature, and measured temperature value. The motor controller 107 may then apply the derating factor on the requested torque to generate a reference torque value

for driving the motor. The determination of the derating factor is discussed in detail in explanation of fig. 3.
[0038] Thus, derating of the requested torque is done adaptively based on the rate of change of temperature. This facilitates maximizing the performance and efficiency of system operation along with the protection of the powertrain component, thereby ensuring peak motor performance.
[0039] In one non-limiting embodiment, the motor controller 107 may turn off the motor if the motor temperature exceeds a critical temperature. In one non-limiting embodiment, similar operations of thermal management may be alternatively applied to the motor if the temperature of the at least one component of the powertrain exceeds their respective threshold value.
[0040] Fig. 2 illustrates an exemplary system arrangement 200 for adaptive thermal protection of motor, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0041] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the system arrangement 200 may comprise a motor controller 201, a motor 203, and a system controller 205 in communication with each other. The system controller 205 may be configured to receive the temperature from the motor controller 201 and the motor 203.
[0042] The system controller 205 may be configured to continuously monitor the temperature of the motor controller 201 and the motor 203 and compare the temperature of the motor controller 201 and the motor 203 with their respective threshold.
[0043] The system controller 205 may be then configured to calculate a rate of change of temperature for at least one of: the motor controller 201 and the motor 203 for which threshold temperature value is reached. The system controller 205 may be configured to calculate a derating factor based on the measured value of temperature

and rate of change of temperature of at least one of: the motor controller 201 and the motor 203.
[0044] The derating factor may be adaptively applied to the requested torque of the motor to adaptively reduce the temperature of the motor controller 201 and the motor 203. This adaptive derating of the requested torque based on the measured temperature and rate of change of temperature facilitates maximizing the performance and efficiency of system operation along with the protection of the powertrain component, thereby ensuring peak motor performance.
[0045] Fig. 3 illustrates a system flow diagram for adaptive thermal protection of motor, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0046] The system 300 for adaptively controlling the temperature of the motor may comprise a torque determination unit 301, a determination unit/control command generation unit 303, and a thermal monitoring unit 305 in communication with each other. The system 300 further comprises motor 304 in communication with the determination unit 303 and thermal monitoring unit 305.
[0047] The thermal monitoring unit 305 may comprise one or more temperature sensors, at least one processor, and memory in communication with each other. The thermal monitoring unit 305 may be operable to monitor a temperature of the motor 304.
[0048] If the temperature of the motor 304 exceeds a predetermined threshold, the thermal monitoring unit 305 may be operable to determine a rate of change of temperature with respect to time and transmit the rate of change of temperature and measured motor temperature to the torque determination unit 301.
[0049] In one non-limiting embodiment, the thermal monitoring unit 305 may continuously forward both the measured temperature of the motor 304 and the rate of change of temperature to the torque determination unit 301.

[0050] The torque determination unit 301 may comprise at least one processor and memory in communication with each other. The torque determination unit 301 may be operable to receive a requested torque value from the user and receive the measured temperature value from the thermal monitoring unit 305.
[0051] The torque determination unit 301 may use the following equation to calculate a derating factor for the requested torque:
(1)
d = 1 + (( Tthreshold - Tmeasured ) * Kp ); (2)
where is the rate of change of temperature with respect to time, Kp is a function
of rate of change of temperature, Tthreshold is predetermined threshold, Tmeasured is the measured temperature value, and d is the derating factor. The function Kp may be selected based on a plurality of experiments.
[0052] The torque determination unit 301 may be configured to calculate the reference torque based one the following equation:
Torqueref = Torque requested X d ; (3)
where Torqueref is the reference torque, Torque requested is the requested torque. The function Kp varies along with the rate of change of temperature. Thus, the motor performance is adaptively varied based on the rate of change of temperature to provide adaptive thermal protection, thereby ensuring maximized motor performance.
[0053] The determination unit/control command generation unit 303 may be operable to receive the reference torque from the torque determination unit 301 and the determination unit/control command generation unit 303 may be operable to generate at least one control command corresponding to the reference torque and drive the

motor 304 based on the at least one control command. The at least one control command may be in terms of a driving current, flux or voltage. The determination unit/control command generation unit 303 may determine at least one of the driving current, flux and voltage and supply the same to drive the motor.
[0054] Thus, the adaptive thermal protection by derating the requested torque based on the measured temperature and function of rate of change of temperature facilitates maximizing the performance and efficiency of system operation along with the protection of the powertrain component, thereby ensuring peak motor performance.
[0055] In one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the torque determination unit 301 may be configured to continuously monitor the measured temperature and reduce the requested torque to zero if the measured temperature reaches a critical temperature threshold. This in turn makes the determination unit 303 to reduce the phase currents to zero, thereby turning off the motor 304.
[0056] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the motor 304 may be replaced by motor controller or any other component of the powertrain. However, the adaptive derating of the requested torque is not limited to automotive application and any other application of torque motor that needs that requires thermal management is well within the scope of the present disclosure.
[0057] Fig. 4 illustrates a block diagram a system 400 for adaptive thermal protection of motor, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0058] The system 400 may comprise a torque determination unit 401, a determination unit 403, a thermal monitoring unit 405, a motor assembly 407, a motor controller 409, a power inverter 411, and an energy source 413 in communication with each other.
[0059] The thermal monitoring unit 405 may comprise one or more temperature sensors, at least one processor, and memory in communication with each other. The

thermal monitoring unit 405 may be configured to monitor a temperature of the motor 4079.
[0060] If the temperature of the motor 407 exceeds a predetermined threshold, the thermal monitoring unit 405 may be configured to determine a rate of change of temperature with respect to time and transmit the rate of change of temperature and measured motor temperature to the torque determination unit 401.
[0061] In one non-limiting embodiment, the thermal monitoring unit 405 may continuously forward both the measured temperature of the motor 407 and the rate of change of temperature to the torque determination unit 401 irrespective of the value of the measured temperature. The thermal monitoring unit 405 may also comprise any other component for carrying out the above functionality.
[0062] The torque determination unit 401 may comprise at least one processor and memory in communication with each other. The torque determination unit 401 may be configured to receive a requested torque value from the user and receive the measured temperature value from the thermal monitoring unit 405.
[0063] The torque determination unit 401 may calculate a derating factor for the requested torque based on the equations (1) and (2), as discussed in above embodiments. The torque determination unit 401 may be configured to calculate the reference torque based one the equation (3), as discussed in above embodiments.
[0064] The determination unit 403 may be configured to receive the reference torque from the torque determination unit 401 and the determination unit 403 may be may be operable to generate at least one control command corresponding to the reference torque and drive the motor based on the at least one control command. The at least one control command may be in terms of driving phase current, flux or voltage. The determination unit/control command generation unit 303 may determine at least one of the driving current, flux and voltage and supply the same to drive the motor.

[0065] In one non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosures the operations of the torque determination unit 401, the determination unit 403, the thermal monitoring unit 405 may be a part of the motor controller 409.
[0066] Thus, the system 400 adaptively derates the requested torque for thermal protection based on the measured temperature and function of rate of change of temperature. This maximizes the performance and efficiency of system operation along with the protection of the powertrain component, thereby ensuring peak motor performance.
[0067] In one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the torque determination unit 401 may be configured to continuously monitor the measured temperature and reduce the requested torque to zero if the measured temperature reaches a critical temperature threshold. This in turn makes the current determination unit 403 to reduce the phase currents or flux or voltage to zero, thereby turning off the motor 407. In another non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the reference torque may increase as the temperature of the motor reduces below a certain threshold value.
[0068] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the motor may be replaced by motor controller or any other component of the powertrain. However, the adaptive derating of the requested torque is not limited to automotive application and any other application of torque motor that needs that requires thermal management is well within the scope of the present disclosure.
[0069] Fig. 5 illustrates a flowchart of a method for adaptive thermal protection of motor, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0070] At block 501, a temperature of a motor assembly or a motor controller is monitored using at least one sensor. The at least one sensor may be a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the motor. At block 503, the method 500

describes determining whether the temperature of the motor assembly has reached a predetermined temperature threshold.
[0071] At block 505, the method 500 describes calculating a rate of change of temperature of the motor assembly, if the temperature of the motor exceeds the predetermined temperature threshold. The rate of change of temperature may be calculated with respect to time. In one non-limiting embodiment, the method 500 describes continuously determining the rate of change of temperature irrespective of the value of the measured temperature.
[0072] At block 507, the method 500 describes determining a derating factor at least based on a measured temperature, the predetermined temperature threshold, and rate of change of temperature with respect to time. The derating factor may be calculated at least based on equations (1) and (2), as discussed in above embodiments.
[0073] At block 509, the method 500 describes applying the derating factor to a requested torque to generate a reference torque. The reference torque may be calculated at least based one the equation (3), as discussed in above embodiments.
[0074] At block 511, the method 500 describes driving the motor based on the generated reference torque. The driving of the motor comprises calculating phase currents corresponding to the reference torque and driving the motor using the calculated phase currents.
[0075] Thus, the method 500 facilitates adaptive thermal protection by derating the requested torque based on the measured temperature and function of rate of change of temperature. This maximizes the performance and efficiency of system operation along with the protection of the powertrain component, thereby ensuring peak motor performance.
[0076] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the steps of method 500 may be performed in an order different from the order described above.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the motor may be replaced by motor controller or any other component of the powertrain and similar steps of method 500 may be applied for thermal protection. However, the adaptive derating of the requested torque is not limited to automotive application and any other application of torque motor that needs that requires thermal management is well within the scope of the present disclosure.
[0078] Fig. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method for thermal protection of motor, in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0079] At block 601, the method 600 describes monitoring a temperature of a motor assembly using at least one sensor i.e., temperature sensor. At block 603, the method 600 describes determining whether the temperature of the motor assembly is equal a critical temperature value.
[0080] At block 605, the method 600 describes turning off the motor if the temperature of the motor assembly reaches the critical temperature value. The turning off of the motor comprises reducing the reference torque to zero and reducing the phase currents to zero. In one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the method 600 describes increasing the reference torque as the temperature of the motor reduces below a certain threshold value.
[0081] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the steps of method 600 may be performed in an order different from the order described above.
[0082] The illustrated steps are set out to explain the exemplary embodiments shown, and it should be anticipated that ongoing technological development will change the manner in which particular functions are performed. These examples are presented herein for purposes of illustration, and not limitation. Further, the boundaries of the functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined herein for the convenience of the description. Alternative boundaries can be defined so long as the specified

functions and relationships thereof are appropriately performed. Alternatives (including equivalents, extensions, variations, deviations, etc., of those described herein) will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art(s) based on the teachings contained herein. Such alternatives fall within the scope and spirit of the disclosed embodiments.
[0083] Furthermore, one or more computer-readable storage media may be utilized in implementing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. A computer-readable storage medium refers to any type of physical memory on which information or data readable by a processor may be stored. Thus, a computer-readable storage medium may store instructions for execution by one or more processors, including instructions for causing the processor(s) to perform steps or stages consistent with the embodiments described herein. The term “computer- readable medium” should be understood to include tangible items and exclude carrier waves and transient signals, i.e., are non-transitory. Examples include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), volatile memory, nonvolatile memory, hard drives, CD ROMs, DVDs, flash drives, disks, and any other known physical storage media.
[0084] Suitable processors include, by way of example, a processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), and/or a state machine.
ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[0085] Exemplary embodiments discussed above may provide certain advantages. Though not required to practice aspects of the disclosure, these advantages may include those provided by the following features.

[0086] In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides adaptive thermal protection by derating the requested torque based on the measured temperature and function of rate of change of temperature.
[0087] In an embodiment, the present disclosure maximizes the performance and efficiency of system operation along with the protection of the powertrain component, thereby ensuring peak motor performance.

We Claim:
1. A system for adaptive thermal protection of a motor assembly/ motor controller,
the system comprises:
a thermal monitoring unit comprising at least one sensor and is operable to:
measure a temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller using the at least one sensor,
determine whether the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller has reached a predetermined temperature threshold, and
calculate a rate of change of temperature with respect to time if the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller exceeds the predetermined temperature threshold,
a torque determination unit in communication with the thermal monitoring unit, and is operable to:
determine a derating factor at least based on a measured temperature, the predetermined temperature threshold, and rate of change of temperature,
modify a requested torque based on the derating factor.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
a determination unit in communication with the torque determination unit and is operable to:
generate at least one control command corresponding to the modified torque, and
drive the motor based on the generated at least one control command.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein
the thermal monitoring unit is further operable to:
monitor a temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller using at least one sensor, and

determine whether the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller reaches a critical temperature value, and the torque determination unit is further operable to:
turn off the motor if the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller reaches the critical temperature value.
4. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein to turn off the motor, the torque determination unit is operable to reduce the derating factor to zero and modify the requested torque based on the derating factor.
5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein to modify the requested torque the torque determination unit is operable to increase/decrease the requested torque based on the derating factor.
6. A method of adaptive thermal protection of a motor assembly/ motor controller, the method comprises:
measuring, by at least one sensor, a temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller;
determining whether the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller has reached a predetermined temperature threshold;
calculating a rate of change of temperature with respect to time if the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller exceeds the predetermined temperature threshold;
determining a derating factor at least based on a measured temperature, the predetermined temperature threshold, and rate of change of temperature; and
modifying a requested torque based on the derating factor.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, further comprising:

generating at least one control command corresponding to the modified torque; and
driving the motor based on the generated at least one control command.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6, further comprising:
monitoring a temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller using at least one sensor;
determining whether the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller reaches a critical temperature value; and
turning off the motor if the temperature of the motor assembly/motor controller reaches the critical temperature value.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein turning off the motor comprises:
reducing the derating factor to zero; and
modifying the requested torque based on the derating factor.
10. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein modifying the requested torque
comprises:
increasing/decreasing the requested torque based on the derating factor.