Specification
This invention relates to improvement in methods / devices used for generation of hydroelectric power. With the use of these, thousands of power stations (capacity range 10 KW to 5 MW) can be set-up quickly in the country, using flowing water of canals / rivers and thereby shortage of electricity will be overcomed to a great extant.
By now, mostly big projects are established, for generation of electricity in the country. For this big dams and huge areas of useful land are needed. On the other hand utilisation of flowing water of canals / small rivers is limited to floor mills and such small uses. Though years have passed, when Government of India announced incentives for establishment of mini / micro / small hydro power plants but fruitful results are not forth coming.
Establishment of big hydro-projects have following limitations / problems.
1. Can be established by state / union governments, their organisations e.g. National Hydro
Power Corporation, National Thermal Power Corporation, Tehri Hydro Development
Corporation or big business houses.
2. Require huge money and by the time, the project is completed, the expenditure becomes 3 to
4 times the planned money due to project over-run etc.
3. Huge time is taken in completion of the project.
4. Agricultural land gets submerged in water.
5. Rehabilitation of inmates of the effected area remains problem to the Government even after
the project is established. It becomes another costly affair too.

6. Rehabilitation leads to unemployment and other human problems.
7. Big projects are very hazardous.
8. Long transmission lines are required to be constructed at huge cost to take electricity to load
centres and also results in big loss of Energy in lines.
9. etc. etc.
Technically one may say that, sofar, for hydro power generation high heads and huge quantity of water have been utilised. Low heads and small quantity of water have been used in a limited way because it is uneconomical. We have planned to use, low heads and large quantity of water available, economically.
With the use of suitable methods / devices, invented by us, as per location / site, the available flowing water of canals / rivers, shall be made to run hydro-turbine directly or after some modification. Such locations will be many, where cross-sectional area of flowing water may be reduced to enhance it's velocity and heads.
Following are the methods / devices for running hydro turbines from flowing water of canals / rivers for generation of electricity.
By putting Pelton wheel (s) directly in flowing water.
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PICTURE NO. 1
The above picture is showing the place of start of sub-canal from upper Ganga canal in Haridwar. When the gate (situated in middle) is opened, water flows between places marked A and B. Pelton wheel shall be placed in the slot between A & B to generate electric power.
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PICTURE NO. 2
It is picture of a culvert on sub-canal, about 0.5 km. down stream from it's starting point (shown in picture NO.l) Four Pelton wheels shall be put directly in flowing water to generate electric power.
2. By putting specially designed slotted plate (s) across flowing water to reduce it's cross sectional area. Pelton wheel(s) shall be put in the slot to get benefit of increased velocity of water. Number of slots in the plate will be 1, 2 or 3 etc. depending on quantity of water (flowing). Pelton wheels equal in number of slots shall be mounted on single shaft to produce electricity.
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PICTURE NO. 3
Picture No. 3 shows lower portion of bridge on sub-canal, road is passing above it. Water will flow in sub-canal when gate (in the middle) is opened. A steel plate having rectangular slot shall be fixed, perpendicular to the flow of water, at bottom of the bridge between places C and D. Pelton wheels proposed to be put in the slot to produce electricity
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PICTURE -4
Picture No. 4 shows a place (in Haridwar), where stream is taken from Ganga and flows to-wards Hari-Ki-Pouri. A steel plate having rectangular slots shall be fixed at bottom of the opening. Pelton wheels mounted on single shaft shall be put in the slots to produce electric power
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PICTURE NO. 5
Picture 5 shows a small bridge in Kankhal (Haridwar) Steel plates having rectangular slots shall be fixed between pillars of the bridge at the bottom of water stream. Pelton wheels mounted on single shaft shall be put in the slots to generate electricity.
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Picture No. 6 is view of upper Ganga Canal in Haridwar. Slotted plate shall be fixed in the bed of the canal, across the stream. Pelton wheels mounted on single shaft shall be put in the slots to generate electrcity.
3. Where stream is wide and depth is less, water shall be channelised, by passing it through specially designed water guides, which has rectangular slot at end to accommodate Pelton wheel. Water guides shall have V Shape or will have curvature to reduce cross sectional area of the stream & will increase it's velocity.
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PICTURE NO. 7
Picture No. 7 shows water stream flowing through Kankhal (Haridwar). V-shape steel guides shall be put to reduce it's width & will increase velocity of water. Pelton wheel shall be placed in the slot of guide to generate electricity.
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PICTURE NO. 8
Picture no. 8 depicts bridge near Dam Kothi in Haridwar. Stream of water, is opened through the gates, flows to ghats, of Kankhal (Haridwar). Here depth of water is less. V-shape steel guides shall be put to reduce it's width. Pelton wheel shall be placed in the slot of guide to generate electricity.
4, By closing the existing opening and allowing the water to flow through steel / RCC pipe to make jet to run Pelton wheel (s). Depending on water quantity, number of pipes / Pelton wheels shall be used.
(Picture Removed)PICTURE NO. 9Picture No. 9 depicts. Water stream near Hari-Ki-Pauri in Hardwar. Existing openings shall be closed by steel plate fitted with pipes in it's lower position to form water jet. These jets will run group of Pelton wheels to generate electricity.
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PICTURE NO. 10Picture No. 10 depicts start of upper Ganga Canal from Ganga Jee in Haridwar. Existing openings shall be closed by steel plates and water will be allowed to pass through pipes, to run group of Pelton wheels mounted on single shaft and electricity will be produced.
(Picture Removed)PICTURE NO. 11
Picture No. 11 depicts gates for start of another sub-canal from Upper Ganga Canal in Haridwar. It is 50 M up-stream from start of sub-canal shown in picture No.l. Here water head is around 2M and quantity of water is also much. These openings shall be closed by steel plates fitted with pipes in it's lower portion to form water jets. These jets will run group of Pelton wheels to generate electricity.
5. In hilly area water stream shall be allowed to flow in pipes, open or closed channels for some
distance to gain head and then running the turbines. Tremendous scope exist in hilly area.
Therefore more number of electrcity generation plants of higher capacity can be set-up.
6. By using combinations of the above methods /devices.
Limitations and problems of big hydro projects will not be there with the use of invented methods / devices and shall have following additional advantages.
(1) Canals / rivers flowing through rural areas, where shortage of electrcity is more
compared to urban areas. Power plants shall be set up to supply electricity to near by
villages.
(2) Such power plants can be established with in 1 to 2 years, which will be further reduced
when these plants will get developed as small scale Industry (S.S.I.) and
standardisation takes place. Semiskilled workers shall be required for manufacture of most of the equipments and it
will get developed as cottage Industry in rural areas.
(3) Standard of living of villagers will get improved when their electricity requirements are
fulfilled.
(4) Demand of electrical appliances in rural areas will increase and thereby total economy
of the country will get boost-up.
(5) Tendency of villagers to migrate to cities will get curbed.
(6) Middle and lower middle class people shall be owners of these power plants.
(7) For establishing plants less space shall be needed, that too useless land shall be utilized.

CLAIMS
We claim
1. Use of flowing water of sub-canals, canals and rivers etc., directly or after modification by
simple methods or devices to run turbine (s) for generation of electrcity. With exception of
big dams.
2. Adoption of methods or manufacture of devices, for making the water stream run through
pipes, open or closed channels to get head and to run through pipes, open or closed channels
to get head and to run hydro-turbines for generation of electricity.
3. Reduction of cross-sectional area of flowing water to enhance it's velocity, head or by using
methods / devices, mentioned under description in any form.