Form 2
Patents Act, 1970,
(39 of 1970)
&
The Patent rule 2003,
Complete Specification
"MICROWAVE MICRO-REACTOR"
Indian University
INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI MATUNGA, MUMBAI-400 019
The following specification particularly describes the invention and manner in which it is to be performed;

FIELD OF INVENTION
The field of invention relates to a continuous microwave micro-reactor assembly forperforming chemical reactions under the influence of microwave radiation which is having high energy efficiency, reaction speed and yield, safety, reliability, scalability, on-site/on-demand production, and a much finer degree of process control.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND PRIOR ART;
Micro reactors are continuous reactors, which distinguish themselves from conventional flow chemistry systems due to small lateral dimensions (<1mm), resulting in an improved temperature control and reduced mass transfer limitations.
A micro-channel reactor is a device in which chemical reactions take place in a confinement with typical lateral dimensions below 1mm; the most typical form of such confinement are micro channels. Micro-reactors are studied in the field of micro process engineering, together with other devices (such as micro heat exchangers) in which physical processes occur. The micro-reactor is usually a continuous flow reactor (contrast to a batch reactor). Micro reactors offer many advantages over conventional scale reactors, including vast improvements in energy efficiency, reaction speed and yield, safety, reliability, scalability, on-site/on-demand production, and a much finer degree of process control.
Micro reactors, in their simplest form, consist of a network of micro channels. They may be fabricated from different materials including glass, silicon, quartz, metals and polymers. Optimal material selection depends on chemical compatibility with solvents and reagents, costs and detection methods used in price control. The most commonly used material is glass since it is chemically inert and transparent which allows the visual inspection of micro channels. Metal devices are often used in fast exothermic,

heterogeneously catalysed reactions and in different separation processes. Different fabrication techniques are also included in micro-channel production. Photolithography, hot embossing, powder blasting, injection moulding, ultrasonic technologies and laser micro-formation are just some of them. Basic characteristics and advantages of micro reactor as follows,
1. The small dimensions of micro-reactors allow usage of minimal amounts of reagent under precisely controlled conditions and make it possible to rapidly screen reaction conditions and improve the overall safety of the process.
2. Excellent mass and heat transfer, shorter residence time, a smaller amount of reagents, lightweight and compact system design, catalyst and waste products comparing to equivalent macro scale reactors, laminar flow, effective mixing, better process control and small energy consumption.
3. They could be easily coupled with numerous detection techniques together with the pre-treatment of the samples on the one single chip. But one of the main motivations for the use of micro-reactor technology is the gain in the yield and safety.
U. S. Pat. No. 0066118 Al discloses a micro-reactor, which is preferably configured as a plate and preferably consists of silicon. The aim of the micro-reactor is to improve the blending of the substances that are to react. To achieve this, the reactor is provided with a mechanic coupling, comprising at least one generator of mechanical oscillations,the invention also relates to a device for controlling the temperature of the micro-reactor.
U. S. Pat. No. 0192118 Al comprises new microreactors consisting of at least one microreaction system applied to a carrier and comprising at least one microreaction space, at least one inlet for educts and at least one outlet for products, charac teriZed in that the microreaction systems are rendered inert by a coating selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, silicon nitride and/or aluminium oxide.

Currently, there is a need to develop low cost manufacturing technology for continuous/ batch micro reactors forperforming chemical reactions under the influence of microwave radiation, particularly for high pressure and high temperature applications where glass micro reactors cannot be used with an option to hear with the microwave for controlled heating;
OBJECTS OF THE INVETION;
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a microwave reactor for performing chemical reactions under the influence of microwave radiation having facility for controlled heating by means of microwave radiation;
It is also an object of the present invention to provide design for the microwave reactor for performing chemical reactions under the influence of microwave radiation having facility for controlled heating by means of microwave radiation;
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a continuous microwave micro-reactor having an improvement as energy efficiency, reaction speed and high yield, safety;
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a continuous microwave micro-reactor having reliability, scalability, on-site/on-demand production,
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a continuous microwave micro-reactor having better of process control.
Description of drawings and figures;
Fig. 1; 3D View of First Plate; Fig. 2; 3D View of Cooling Plate;

Fig. 3 3D View of Reactor Plate
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one of the aspect of the invention it is provided that a continuous micro-wave micro-reactor assembly for performing chemical reactions under the influence of microwave radiation having, a reactor plate/s which may havetwo or more liquid inlet, a mixing zone for a reaction mixture, an outlet and a network of micro channels. Microwave launcher is mounted on front side of top plate. Reaction material is disclosed in a micro channels for treatment. The Microwave launcher is mounted along the micro channel to heat interior of the micro channel by using microwave to cause physical and or chemical changes to the reaction material. A cooling plate which haveliquid inlet and a liquid outlet and channels for cooling liquid circulation.
The reactor plate contains mixing zone for proper mixing of reactant material in initial stage. The micro reactor assembly can be used for high temperature up to 300°C and high pressure up to 60bar.
Excessive heat generated by the heater is removed by the cooling water condenser circulation present inside channels of the cooling plate.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION;
In one of the important aspect of the invention it is provided that a microwave micro-reactor for performing chemical reactions under the influence of microwave radiation having plurality of plates ,more preferably microwave micro-reactor is having three to five plates of that a top plate, a cooling plate, a reactor plate/s ( fig 1).
All plates are joined by using nut and bolt, the reactor plate which is havingtwo or more liquid inlet, a mixing zone for a reaction mixture, an outlet and consist of a network of micro channels. Syringe pumps are used for injection of reaction material through inlets the gas outlet is arranged above the liquid

outlet.The reactor plate contains mixing zone for proper mixing of reactant material in initial stage. The microchannels are engraved on reactor plate having size up to 1mm in depth and up to 1mm in width by using Computer Numerical Control Lathe Machine.
In the other aspect of the invention micro-reactor is provided with heating means asmicrowave launcher is mounted along the micro-channel on front side of top plate to heat interior of the micro channel by using microwave to cause physical and or chemical changes to the reaction material. The temperature indicator is used to indicate the temperature of the reaction material. The reactor plate has opening for sensor which senses the temperature of the reaction material and send a signal to temperature indicator;
In the other aspect of the invention microwave micro-reactor is adapted for absorption of heat and pressure generated during the chemical reaction by means a cooling plate is havingliquid inlet and a liquid outlet and channels for cooling liquid circulation.
In another aspect of the invention micro reactor in their simplest form consist of a network of micro channels and it is fabricated from different materials including silicon, quartz, ceramics, metals and polymers for high temperature up to 300 °C and high pressure up 60 bars;
In one of the important aspect of the invention the shape of the microwave micro-reactor for performing chemical reactions under the influence of microwave radiation is square, rectangle, circular, triangular etc.;
Example 1;
Fructose (1 g, 0.055 moles) was dissolved in 20 cm3 of DMSO: water (90:10) solvent system. Sulfuric acid 0.06 cm3 (10% w/w) was added to aq. fructose solution and kept for stirring for 2 min. This solution was pumped at flow rate of 0.6 cm3/min (residence time = 2.5 min) into continuous microwave reactor by using a peristaltic pump. The power of microwave input was set to 900 W. The resultant reaction stream was passed through the heat exchanger to quench the reaction. Saturated solution of aq. NaHC03 (50

cm3) was added in collected reaction mass (20 cm3) and subjected to the solvent extraction process. The extraction was performed three times with methyl isobutyl ketone (10 cm3 x 3). The organic phase was separated from the aqueous phase. The organic phase, so obtained was distilled to give hydroxymethyl furfural (0.535 g).
Example 2;
Fructose (1 g, 0.0055 moles) was dissolved in 20 cm3 of DMSO : water (90:10) solvent system. Sulfuric acid 0.06 cm3 (10% w/w) was added to aq. fructose solution and kept for stirring for 2 min. This solution was pumped at flow rate of 0.9 cm3/min (residence time = 1.11 min) into continuous microwave reactor by using a peristaltic pump. The power of microwave input was set to 900 W. The resultant reaction stream was passed through the heat exchanger to quench the reaction. Saturated solution of aq. NaHC03 (50 cm3) was added in collected reaction mass (20 cm3) and subjected to the solvent extraction process. The extraction was performed three times with methyl isobutyl ketone (10 cm3 x 3). The organic phase was separated from the aqueous phase. The organic phase, so obtained was distilled to give hydroxymethyl furfural (0.473 g).

CLAIMS;
1. A microwave micro-reactor for performing chemical reactions comprising plurality of plates adapted
as first plate, reactor plate , cooling plate for performing reactions havingtwo or more liquid inlet,
a first reactor plate is having mixing zone for a reaction mixture, an outlet and consist of a network of micro channels connected withsyringe pumps for injection of reaction material through inlets the gas outlet is arranged above the liquid outlet,
heating means as microwave launcher is mounted on first plate along the micro-channel on front side of top plate to heat interior of the micro channel by using microwave to cause physical and or chemical changes to the reaction material (Fig. 1,2,3),
Wherein second reactor plate sandwiched between cooling plates and first plate using nut and bolt,
2. A microwave micro-reactor for performing chemical reactions according to claim 1 wherein number plates for reactor is three as reactor plate, first plate and cooling plate;
3. A microwave micro-reactor for performing chemical reactions according to claim 1 or 2 wherein reaction plates is having microchannels are engraved having size up to 1mm in depth and up to 1mm in width;
4.A microwave micro-reactor for performing chemical reactions according to claim 1 wherein temperature indicator placed with reactor plate has provision for sensor which senses the temperature of the reaction material and send a signal to temperature indicator;
5.A microwave micro-reactor for performing chemical reactions according to claim 1 wherein cooling plate is provided absorption of heat and pressure generated during the chemical reaction;
6. A microwave micro-reactor for performing chemical reactions according to claim 1 wherein cooling plate is having liquid inlet and a liquid outlet and channels for cooling liquid circulation.

6.A microwave micro-reactor for performing chemical reactions according to claim 1 wherein plates for the reactor is fabricated from materials including silicon, quartz, ceramics, metals and polymers for high temperature up to 300 °C and high pressure up 60 bars;
7.A microwave micro-reactor for performing chemical reactions according to claim 1 wherein shape of the reactor plate is square, rectangle, circular, triangular.