Background
Reverse osmosis, as a procedure for the purification of liquids, particularly water, has gained favor in the last two or three decades. Unlike evaporation plants that have been used for the purification of seawater, reverse osmosis equipment does not require a source of heat energy. Rather, virtually any type of prime mover may be utilized to operate a pump capable of pressurizing the liquid to be purified to the requisite pressure. Consequently, reverse osmosis units, and the locations in which they are operated, are not limited by the presence or absence of heat energy.
In addition, reverse osmosis purification equipment is readily sized for particular applications simply by providing the requisite area of membrane and a pump of appropriate capacity. Because of these characteristics, reverse osmosis purification units are ideally suited for installation at remote sites to which they may be transported, without disassembly, and put into immediate operation.
But due to the high production and capital costs, desalination systems are not widely used for making large scale supplies of public drinking water. Efforts have been made to increase the efficiency of the desalination system, but these efforts may not sufficiently reduce the cost of the system for use for public ware supply. What is needed is a desalination system that processes seawater into potable water more cost effectively for use for public water supply.
The present invention relates generally to desalination of seawater and, more particularly, to a improvised mobile system for desalination of seawater using reverse osmosis membranes and is directed to overcoming one or more of the above problems.

Description of the Invention
It is a principle object of the invention to provide a mobile sea water reverse osmosis plant to purify sea water and produce pure water for domestic, industrial and commercial uses.
The entire equipment is housed in a custom built container .The container is completely closed and provided with two doors at one end for access.
This is mounted on a self propelled Heavy Commercial Vehicle. This however is not limited to HCV and can me mounted on various mobile platforms.
The entire unit is provided with a self contained Diesel Powered Electric generator that serves as a back up in case of unavailability of Power Supply from Conventional Sources.
This is designed to operate on 3 Phase, 440 V, and 50 Hz power supply and can be easily modified to accept other power supplies to suit local conditions.
This invention is rated to produce upto 4000 liters per hour or 96 m3/day and by extension of the dimensions higher capacities can be derived.
A Vertical Centrifugal raw water pump (1 of Fig1) is provided at the inlet of the system to draw the sea water to be purified into the system. Horizontal Centrifugal pumps, rotary pumps, air operated pumps, and vane pumps may also be substituted as per the requirement. The material of construction is appropriately selected to handle the sea water salinity and can be stainless 316 L or Hesta Alloy or Nickel aluminium bronze.
A primary filter ( 2 of Fig1 ) constructed in SS 316 L removes particulate suspended matter above 50 microns in size and a secondary filter( 3 of Fig1 )

constructed in SS 316 L removes particulate suspended matter above 20 microns in size.
An adsorption filter ( 4 of Fig1 ) constructed in mild steel fiber cladded construction containing a appropriate adsorption media derived from natural sources or metals is provided to remove the organic matter .trace impurities and halogens.
A Tertiary filter (5 of Fig1) constructed in SS 316 L is provided to remove particulate suspended matter above 5 microns in size.
A positive displacement reciprocating pump (6 of Figl) comprising of three plungers in ceramic and nickel aluminum bronze material of construction is provided to generate the requisite high pressure.
An Energy saving device (7 of Figl) in either 316 L or ceramic material of construction is included as an optional equipment to enhance the efficiency.
A Multistage centrifugal pump (8 of Figl) in 316 L material of construction is included an optional equipment to enhance the efficiency.
Pressure vessels (9 of Fig 1) in fiber reinforced plastic materials of construction is provided to house the Reverse Osmosis membranes.
Sea Water Reverse Osmosis membranes (10 of Figl) rated to operate under high operating pressure is provided for desalination process to take place.
A motor control centre ( 11 of Figl ) housing various components like contactors, overload relays, start /stop buttons, Main incomer is provided to control the electric motor driven pumps provided in the plant.

Positive displacement diaphragm pumps (12-17 of Fig 1) are provided to dose the chemicals into the raw feed water and also treated water.
Description of the preferred embodiments
All the above items are mounted on a mild steel polyurethane coated skid and made out of C Sections, I beams, L Sections. This facilitates the ease of installation, transportation and enables its mounting on various mobile platforms.
Valves are not used in the high pressure lines which reduce the capital cost and increases the safety of operation as the operator is confined only to low pressure lines.
The use and -selection of the above items has drasticajly reduced the space requirements thus enabling a larger capacity plant to be installed in a smaller foot print and mounted in a smaller vehicle.

Claims
1. A Mobile Sea Water reverse osmosis plant comprising: a. Diesel Powered Electric generator; b.
c. Mobile Chasis;
d. custom built container
e. Vertical Centrifugal raw water pump in the said container
f. primary filter in the said container to remove suspended matter
above 50 microns
g. Secondary fitter in the said container to remove suspended matter
above 20 microns
h. tertiary filter in the said container to remove suspended matter
above 5 microns i. mild steel fiber cladded adsorption filter in the said container to
remove the organic matter, trace impurities and halogens, j. positive displacement reciprocating pump comprising of three
plungers in ceramic and nickel aluminum bronze material of
construction in the said container to generate the requisite high
pressure, k. Energy saving device in either 316 L or ceramic material of
construction in the said container to enhance the efficiency and low
cost of operation I. Multistage centrifugal pump in 316 L material of construction in the
said container to enhance the efficiency, m. Pressure vessels in fibre reinforced plastic materials of construction
is provided in the said container comprising the Reverse Osmosis
membranes. n. Sea Water Reverse Osmosis membranes in the said pressure
vessel as claimed in 1 to operate under high operating pressure is
provided for desalination process to take place.

o. motor control centre in the said container housing various components like contactors, overload relays, start/stop buttons,
p. Positive displacement diaphragm pump in the said container to dose the chemicals into the raw feed water and also treated water.
2. The inclusion of the said diesel power generator as claimed in Claim 1 enables uninterrupted power supply and deployment in remote areas and disaster situations where power supply is not available
3. The mounting of the said container as claimed in 1 on the said chasis as claimed in claim 1 allows mobility and deployment of a single unit to serve multiple locations
4. The primary filter as claimed in Claim 1 is adapted to eliminate backwash and frequent downtime for the opening and cleaning and further eliminating the need for conventional media filters.
5. The primary filter as claimed in claim 1 provides means for reducing the space and weight and capital cost of the plant
6. The Secondary filter as claimed in claim 1 provides means for reducing the space and weight and capital cost of the plant
7. The secondary filter as claimed in Claim 1 is adapted to eliminate backwash and frequent downtime for the opening and cleaning and further eliminating the need for conventional media filters.
8. The Primary filter as claimed in Claim 1 and the secondary filter as claimed in Claim 1 provides means for ease of operation and elimination of operating steps as in conventional filters

9. A mild steel fiber cladded adsorption filter as claimed in claim 1 provides
means for enhanced operating service cycle and improved efficiency of
adsorption and increased life of the media
10. A motor control centre in the said container as claimed in claim 1 is adapted to accept power supply from multiple sources like solar, diesel generator, wind power and conventional grid supply
11. The Mobile Sea water plant as claimed in claim 1 provides means for reduced rates of scaling of RO Membranes and eliminates the need for a separate flushing system and draw back tank.
12,The Mobile Sea water plant as claimed in claim 1 is adapted to operate with various feed water sources and dissolved solids level from 0 to 35,000 parts per million.
13.The Mobile Sea water plant as claimed in claim 1 is adapted to treat water contaminated with multiple contaminants like fluoride, arsenic , nitrates, bacteria, virus, salinity, radioactive & nuclear , biological warfare agents, chemical warfare agents
14. The Mobile Sea water plant as claimed in claim 1 is adapted to eliminate the need for a separate product transfer pump resulting in savings in energy consumption and capital cost.
Date: Ramesh B Vishwanath
Attorney for the Applicant