Claims:We Claim:
1. In this simple model two renewable energy sources are integrated and
the power is generated.
2. The wireless system is used to charge the vehicle.3. The charging station’s battery bank will be charged using renewable
energy which makes the station pollution free and eco-friendly.
, Description:Solar panel is connected with Buck converter. This is used as PWM converter in between
solar panel and battery’s charge controller. This controller is used to modify the output
voltage from Solar PV panel. Charge controller is installed in between the converter and
battery to avoid over charging. MPPT charge controller is used. A charge controller or
charge regulator is basically a voltage and/or current regulator to keep batteries from
overcharging. It regulates the voltage and current coming from the solar panels going to the
battery.
1) Maximum power point tracking: MPPT controller is a DC-DC converter, which maximizes
the power output of a solar panel. Because of varying irradiance on PV panel, panel’s
voltage and current varies continuously. This finds a sweep-spot, which was the best spot to
generate most power through solar panel. This controller regulates the battery charging
process and ensures the battery charged correctly and not over-charged. This controller
follows Perturbation Observation algorithm. MPPT algorithms helps to proceed the current
and voltage values, which gives the gating signal to boost converter. The module voltage is
periodically given perturbation and the corresponding output power is compared with that
at precious perturbation cycle. With perturbation, power can either be increased or
decreased.
2) Boost Converter: The technical viability of boost converter is to generate a low high
voltage level that is required to charge battery (or load) from a low DC voltage level. The
boost converter uses PO algorithm and extract maximum solar power at all instants of time.
B. Wind power system
In wind system for MATLAB, we used permanent magnet synchronous machine and a wind
turbine coupled to it. Then to store it in a battery a universal bridge is used. Then they are
converted into a dc source and stored in a battery. To control the pitch angle, a pitch angle
controller is used. 3kW rated power wind turbines will provide desired annual energy wind
turbine will provide desired annual energy under given situation.
Buck-boost converter is used to increase the magnitude of output voltage obtained from
windmill. Because wind energy cannot be generated at same rate. So, the converter
generates this to required voltage level. Wind turbine with small blades is used, because of
its high efficiency compared with large blade turbine. During a continuous high flow of air
smaller blades performance is good compared to larger blades. However, as the wind speed
is not constant ever the larger area blades are preferred even the smaller blades can give
high voltage for same wind speed.
SOLAR WIND POWER INTEGRATIONThe Windmill and PV panels generates the power and the generated energy stored in leadacid battery connected to the battery bank in charging station. Battery size also reduces
slightly as there will be less reliance on single method of power production. Wind speeds
are low in summer, whereas energy from solar panel is at their best. Similarly, in wind is
stronger in seasons, where solar energy is less. And these different patterns make the
integration of solar wind systems to be best option to use, because of its significance
improvement in terms of output and performance – which happens when solar and wind
energy resources having differing cycles and intensities during the same day or in some
seasons.
In the above circuit, the lead-acid battery of 96V rated voltage capacity is connected with an
inverter circuit. Inverter converts DC voltage into AC voltage. This circuit consists of four
Mosfet switches, which will be ON and OFF. The gate pulses will be provided to switches
using pulse generators. Output is obtained by connecting the load across switches 1-4 and
2-3. The filter capacitor is connected to remove ripples and to obtain proper output AC
voltage is obtained. The inductive coupling model consists of two mutually coupled coils.
These were used for Inductive power transfer. The primary coil gets energized, and it
creates the magnetic field around the coil. The flux from primary coils gets coupled with
secondary coil. So, thereby the power will be transferred between the coils through
magnetic field. Then, power from the secondary coil will be given to rectifier circuit which
consist of 4 diodes. By using rectifier, AC supply obtained from WPT will be converted into
DC supply and then the voltage will be regulated using proper compensation network and
steady DC output is obtained. Hence the battery in Electric vehicle gets charged.