Claims:CLAIMS
What is claimed is:

1. An optical fiber (100) comprising:

a core region (102) having a core refractive index profile, wherein the core region (102) is substantially circular, wherein the core region (102) is defined by a core diameter in a range of 4.6 µm to 6 µm, wherein the core refractive index profile is defined by a single peak, wherein the single peak has a diameter in a range of 4.6 µm – 6 µm; and

a cladding region (104) surrounding the core region, the cladding region (104) having a cladding refractive index profile, wherein the cladding refractive index profile is substantially planer, wherein the cladding refractive index profile is defined by a diameter in a range of 6 µm to 125 µm,
wherein the single peak has a refractive index in a range of 0.45% to 0.6%;

2. The optical fiber (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the cladding refractive index profile is substantially planar.

3. The optical fiber (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber has a cable cut off wavelength less than 1260 nanometers.

4. The optical fiber (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber has a mode field diameter in a range of 8.7 µm to 9.7 µm.

5. The optical fiber (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber has an attenuation of less than 0.19 dB/km.

6. The optical fiber (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber has a macro bending loss of less than 0.05 dB/turn at a bending diameter of 32 millimeters at a wavelength of 1550 nanometer.

7. The optical fiber (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the refractive index profile is defined by an peak shaping parameter in a range of 2.5 to 3.3.

8. The optical fiber (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber has an effective area in a range of 55 µm2to 80 µm2.

9. The optical fiber (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber has a dispersion in range of 3.6-9.28ps/nm-km at a wavelength of1550 nm.

10. The optical fiber (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber has a micro bending loss of less than 4 dB/km.

Dated: 31st Day of March, 2016 Signature
Arun Kishore Narasani Patent Agent

, Description:TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a field of fiber optic transmission. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to aG.656 optical fiber with a simplified refractive index profile.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Over the last few years, optical fibers are being widely used for various industrial applications. One of these optical fibers is a non-zero dispersion shifted fiber. These non-zero dispersion shifted fibers are primarily being used in wavelength division multiplexing systems. These fibers meet specific telecommunication standards set by ITU-T known as G.656 standard. In addition, these optical fibers are used for broadband and telecommunication applications to meet the growing demand for bandwidth and high performance. Typically, the performance of these optical fibers is determined based on a dispersion and bending losses over a broad range of wavelength. Also, these fibers exhibit a positive non-zero dispersion value around a wavelength of 1550 nm. In general, depend upon the application requirement the dispersion and bending losses are optimized with refractive index profile. The alpha profile defines the properties of a core section of the optical fibers. The alpha profile illustrates a relationship between a maximum refractive index difference between the core and the cladding with a radius of the optical fiber. The performance of these optical fibers is monitored by controlling a plurality of parameters associated with the alpha profile. Further, this profile is determined based on a concentration of dopants and materials used during manufacturing. Furthermore, the dispersion and bending losses are controlled by varying the design parameters of any refractive index profile.

[0003] The traditional availableG.656 optical fiber designs have certain drawbacks. They meet the G.656 optical fibers requirement of dispersion and bending losses but refractive index profile of these optical fibers is complex. Moreover, the refractive index profile is controlled by optimizing at least seven parameters associated with the alpha profile. This increases the manufacturing cost of the optical fibers.

[0004] In light of the above stated discussion, there is a need for an optical fiber that overcomes the above stated disadvantages and provides ease in manufacturing.
OBJECT OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0005] A primary object of the present disclosure is to provide an optical fiber having a simplified fiber refractive index profile design.

[0006] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an optical fiber having low attenuation.

[0007] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide the optical fiber that meets or exceeds requirement of dispersion for ITU G656 fiber.
[0008] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide an optical fiber having low macro bend loss and low micro bend loss.

[0009] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide an optical fiber having low design cost.

[0010] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide an ease in manufacturing of the optical fiber.

SUMMARY
[0011] In an aspect, the present disclosure provides an optical fiber. The optical fiber includes a core region. The core region has a core refractive index profile. In addition, the optical fiber includes a cladding region. The cladding region surrounds the core region. Moreover, the cladding region has a cladding refractive index profile. The core region is substantially circular. Also, the core region is defined by a core diameter in a range of 4.5 µm to 6 µm. The core refractive index profile is defined by a single peak. Further, the single peak has a diameter in a range of 4.6 µm – 6 µm. The cladding refractive index profile is substantially flat. The cladding refractive index profile is defined by a diameter in a range of 6 µm to 125 µm. Furthermore, the single peak has a refractive index in a range of 0.45% to 0.6%.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber has a cable cut off wavelength less than 1260 nanometers.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber has a mode field diameter in a range of 8.7 µm to 9.7 µm.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber has an attenuation of less than 0.19 dB/km.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber has a macro bending loss of less than 0.05 dB/turn at a bending diameter of 32 millimeters at a wavelength of 1550 nanometer.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index profile is defined by a peak shaping parameter in a range of 2.5 to 3.3.
[0017] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index profile is defined by a delta parameter in a range of 0.45% to 0.6%.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber has an effective area in a range of 55 µm2to 80 µm2.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber has dispersion in range of 3.6-9.28ps/nm-km at a wavelength of1550 nm.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber has a micro bending loss of less than 4 dB/km.
STATEMENT OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0021] The present disclosure relates to an optical fiber. The optical fiber includes a core region. The core region has a refractive index profile. In addition, the optical fiber includes a cladding region. The cladding region surrounds the core region. Moreover, the cladding region has a cladding refractive index profile. The core region is substantially circular. Also, the core region is defined by a core diameter in a range of 4.6 µm to 6 µm. The core refractive index profile is defined by a single peak. Further, the single peak has a diameter in a range of 4.6 µm – 6 µm. The cladding refractive index profile is substantially planer. The cladding refractive index profile is defined by a diameter in a range of 6 µm to 125 µm. Furthermore, the single peak has a refractive index in a range of 0.45% to 0.6%.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0022] Having thus described the disclosure in general terms, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, and wherein:

[0023] FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an optical fiber, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0024] FIG. 2 illustrates a table for showing standard values of one or more characteristics of a G.656 fiber;

[0025] FIG. 3illustrates a refractive index profile of a prior art G.655 optical fiber;

[0026] FIG. 4 illustrates a refractive index profile of the optical fiber of the FIG. 1, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0027] FIG. 5 illustrates a table for showing value of one or more characteristics associated with the optical fiber of the FIG. 1, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] It should be noted that the accompanying figures are intended to present illustrations of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. These figures are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should also be noted that accompanying figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present technology. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present technology can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, structures and devices are shown in block diagram form only in order to avoid obscuring the present technology.

[0030] Reference in this specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present technology. The appearance of the phrase “in one embodiment” in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Moreover, various features are described which may be exhibited by some embodiments and not by others. Similarly, various requirements are described which may be requirements for some embodiments but no other embodiments.

[0031] Moreover, although the following description contains many specifics for the purposes of illustration, anyone skilled in the art will appreciate that many variations and/or alterations to said details are within the scope of the present technology. Similarly, although many of the features of the present technology are described in terms of each other, or in conjunction with each other, one skilled in the art will appreciate that many of these features can be provided independently of other features. Accordingly, this description of the present technology is set forth without any loss of generality to, and without imposing limitations upon, the present technology.

[0032] FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an optical fiber 100, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. The optical fiber 100 is a fiber used for transmitting information as light pulses from one end to another. In addition, the optical fiber 100 is a thin strand of glass or plastic capable of transmitting optical signals. The optical fiber 100 is configured to transmit large amounts of information over long distances with relatively low attenuation. Further, the optical fiber 100 has a simplified alpha profile (described below in the patent application).

[0033] In general, the optical fiber 100 transmits light from one end to another end. In addition, the optical fiber 100 allows transmission of information in the form of optical signals over long distances. In addition, the optical fiber 100allows the transmission of information at high bandwidth. In general, a bandwidth is a measure of data-carrying capacity of the optical fiber100. Moreover, the optical fiber 100 transmits the information in the form of light pulses. Total internal reflection is the basic working principle of the optical fiber 100.

[0034] The optical fiber 100 is a non-zero dispersion shifted fiber (NZDSF). In general, the non-zero dispersion shifted fiber exhibits positive dispersion or negative dispersion at the wavelength of 1550nm. Further, the non-zero dispersion shifted fiber is a single mode optical fiber used for land based transmission systems.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the wavelength of 1550 nm corresponds to the minimum attenuation wavelength of the optical fiber100. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the dispersion exhibited by the optical fiber 100lies in a pre-defined range (discussed in the detailed description of FIG. 4and FIG. 5).In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pre-defined range of the dispersion is exhibited at the wavelength of 1550nm. In addition, the optical fiber 100 provides less signal distortion and the attenuation. The dispersion exhibited is less than a dispersion of a standard single mode optical fiber. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber 100 has a pre-determined value of dispersion (provided below in the detailed description of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5).

[0036] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the non-zero dispersion shifted fiber is a positive non-zero dispersion shifted fiber. The positive non-zero dispersion shifted fiber exhibits a positive dispersion coefficient value at the wavelength of 1550 nanometers. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber 100 complies with specific telecommunication standards. The telecommunication standards are defined by International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication (hereinafter “ITU-T”). In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber 100 is compliant with G.656 recommendation standard set by the ITU-T. Furthermore, the ITU-T G.656 recommendation describes a geometrical, mechanical and transmission attributes of the single mode optical fiber (the optical fiber 100). In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the range of wavelength for the optical fiber 100 as per the ITU-T G.656 standard is 1460 nanometer to 1625 nanometer.

[0037] Going further, the optical fiber 100 includes a core region 102 and a cladding region 104. The core region 102 is an inner part of the optical fiber 100. In general, the core region 102is made of a plurality of materials. The plurality of materials includes silicon dioxide or silica, germanium dioxide and the like. In addition, germanium dioxide is used as a dopant during the manufacturing of the optical fiber 100. Moreover, the germanium dioxide is used for defining a refractive index of the core region 102 and the cladding region 104.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber 100 includes a pre-defined composition of the silicon dioxide and the germanium dioxide. Moreover, a variation in the pre-defined composition of the silicon dioxide creates an optical waveguide in the optical fiber 100. The optical waveguide confines a light ray in the core region 102 based on the total internal reflection at a core-cladding interface. Moreover, the core region 102 and the cladding region 104 are formed during the manufacturing stage of the optical fiber 100. The optical fiber 100 is manufactured by a plurality of methods. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical fiber 100 is manufactured by a specific method of the plurality of methods. The plurality of methods includes a modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD), an outside vapor deposition (OVD), a vapor axial deposition (VAD) and the like.

[0039] Further, the cladding region 104surrounds the core region 102. The core region 102and the cladding region 104are formed along a longitudinal axis of the optical fiber 100. Moreover, the core region 102and the cladding region 104are formed during the manufacturing stage of the optical fiber100. The core region 102has a refractive index which is greater than a refractive index of the cladding region 104. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the core region 102has a higher refractive index than the cladding region 104.Moreover, the core region 102 and the cladding region 104are associated with a refractive index profile. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index profile changes from a center of the optical fiber 100 to the radius of the optical fiber 100.

[0040] The core region102 has a core refractive index profile. The core refractive index profile corresponds to change in refractive index in the core region 102 with a radius of the core region 102. Moreover, the cladding region 104 has a cladding refractive index profile. The cladding refractive index profile corresponds to change in refractive index in the cladding region 104 with a radius of the cladding region 104. Further, the core region 102is substantially circular. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the core region 102 is circular in shape. Also, the core region 102is defined by a core diameter in a range of 4.6 µm to 6 µm. Further, the core refractive index profile is defined by a single peak (as shown in FIG. 4).

[0041] Furthermore, the single peak has a diameter in a range of 4.6 µm – 6 µm. The cladding refractive index profile is substantially planer. The planar cladding refractive index profile corresponds to a constant refractive index of the cladding region 104 with the change in radius of the cladding region 104. In addition, the cladding refractive index profile is defined by a diameter in a range of 6 µm to 125 µm. Furthermore, the single peak has a refractive index in a range of 0.45% to 0.6%.

[0042] The refractive index profile determines a relationship between the refractive index of the optical fiber 100 with a radius of the optical fiber 100. In addition, the refractive index profile illustrates a change in the refractive index of the optical fiber 100 with an increase in the radius of the optical fiber 100. Also, the refractive index profile is maintained as per a desired level based on a concentration of dopants used for the production of the optical fiber 100. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the production of the optical fiber 100 is carried out after construction of an optical fiber preform. In addition, the refractive index profile includes an alpha profile (as shown in the FIG. 4). The peak shaping parameter illustrates a relationship between a refractive index with radius of the optical fiber 100. For a design core radius this indicates how dopant during the manufacturing process shall be control to get the desired optical properties of the optical fiber.

[0043] Moreover, the alpha profile of the optical fiber 100 is determined during the manufacturing of the optical fiber preform. The alpha profile is determined based on a concentration of dopants used during the manufacturing of the optical fiber preform. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index of the core region102is higher than the refractive index of the cladding region104.

[0044] Further, the optical fiber 100has a specific design. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the design of the optical fiber 100 is a modified design. The design is modified by modifying or changing the refractive index profile of the optical fiber 100. The refractive index profile is modified based on regulation of a plurality of parameters. The plurality of parameters is associated with the refractive index profile of the optical fiber 100. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index profile is modified by optimizing the plurality of parameters. In addition, the plurality of parameters is optimized for achieving the dispersion and the macro bending loss in a pre-defined range. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of parameters is optimized by changing a concentration of the one or more dopants.

[0045] Further, the plurality of parameters includes a peak shaping parameter, a delta parameter, and a core radius. In addition, the delta parameter corresponds to a maximum refractive index percent difference between the core region 102 and the cladding region 104. The delta parameter is denoted by Δ%. Moreover, Δ% is numerically calculated through a formula given by [(n1-n2)/n2]*100. Here, n1corresponds a refractive index of the core region 102 and n2 corresponds to a refractive index of the cladding region 104. Furthermore, the maximum refractive index percent difference is a difference of the refractive index of the core region 102 and the cladding region 104. Moreover, the core radius is a radius of the core region 102 of the optical fiber100. Also, the optical fiber 100 is associated with other plurality of parameters. The other plurality of parameters include, attenuation, a cable cut-off wavelength, a mode field diameter (hereinafter “MFD”) and a zero dispersion wavelength. In addition, the other plurality of parameters includes an effective area, a zero dispersion slope and bending losses.

[0046] In general, the attenuation is a loss of optical power as light travels inside the core region 102 of the optical fiber100. The attenuation in the optical fiber 100is based on a plurality of factors. The plurality of factors includes absorption, scattering, the bending losses and the like. In addition, the absorption and the scattering of the light in the optical fiber 100isintrinsic in nature. The attenuation due to the bending losses of the optical fiber 100are extrinsic in nature. The absorption of the signals is based on the conversion of the optical power into plurality of energy forms. Further, a zero dispersion wavelength (ZDW) is a wavelength at which the value of dispersion coefficient is zero. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the zero dispersion wavelength is in a range of 1350nm to 1430nm.

[0047] Further, the dispersion slope of the optical fiber 100is the rate of change of dispersion with respect to the wavelength. In addition, the zero dispersion slope is the slope at zero dispersion wavelength. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the zero dispersion slope of the optical fiber 100 is less than a pre-defined value (discussed in detailed description of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5). Furthermore, the mode field diameter (MFD) of the optical fiber 100 is a section of fiber where most of the light energy travels. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the mode field diameter (MFD) of the optical fiber 100lies in the pre-defined range (discussed in the detailed description of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5).

[0048] Further, the effective area of the optical fiber 100correspondsto an optical effective area at a wavelength of 1550 nm. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the effective area of the optical fiber 100lies in the pre-defined range (discussed in the detailed description of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5). Moreover, the optical fiber 100 transmits a single mode of optical signal above a pre-defined cut-off wavelength known as cable cut-off wavelength (discussed in the detailed description of FIG. 4and FIG. 5). In general, the cable cut-off wavelength of the optical fiber 100 is a wavelength above which the optical signal propagates in a single mode.

[0049] FIG. 2 illustrates a table 200 for showing standard values of one or more characteristics of an ITU G.656 optical fiber. The one or more characteristics of the G.656 optical fiber include a mode field diameter, a cladding diameter, a cable cut-off wavelength, a macrobend loss, attenuation and the like. The standard values of the one or more characteristics comply with International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication standards. The standard value of the mode field diameter lies in a pre-defined range of 7 µm to 11 µm. In addition, the standard value of the cladding diameter is 125 µm.

[0050] Further, the standard value of the cable cut-off wavelength of the G.656 optical fiber is 1450 nanometers. Moreover, the standard value of the macro bend loss of the G.656 optical fiber is 0.50 dB for 100 turns at a bending radius of 30 millimeters. Furthermore, for the convention design, the typical value of the attenuation in the G.656 optical fiber is 0.20 dB/km at a wavelength of 1550 nanometers and 0.22 dB/km at a wavelength of 1625 nanometers.

[0051] FIG. 3illustrates a refractive index profile 300of a prior art G.655 optical fiber. The refractive index profile 300 corresponds to a change in a refractive index of the prior art G.655 optical fiber with a radius of the prior art G.655 optical fiber. The change in the refractive index corresponds to a relative difference between the refractive index of the core and the cladding of the prior art G.655 optical fiber. The refractive index profile 300shows two peaks. The conventional refractive index profile 300 is achieved by controlling a pre-defined number of parameters. The pre-defined number of parameters is seven. In addition, the pre-defined number of parameters include core radius (a), b-a, c-b, delta+, delta-, delta rc and peak shaping parameter.

[0052] The peak shaping parameter is denoted by alpha (as shown in FIG. 3). In addition, t1corresponds to the core radius (a) of the prior art G.655 optical fiber, t2 corresponds to thickness of ring clad and t3 corresponds to thickness of ring core. Further, t4 corresponds to thickness of outer clad, t5 corresponds to thickness of clad, D1 corresponds to refractive index of the core and D2 corresponds to refractive index of inner clad. D3 corresponds to refractive index of the ring core, width corresponds to width of central dip, alpha corresponds to a shape of the core and dip presents a dip in the central region.
[0053] FIG. 4 illustrates a refractive index profile 400of the optical fiber 100, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. It may be noted that to explain the graphical appearance of FIG. 4, references will be made to the structural elements of the FIG. 1. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index profile 400 is a profile of the core 102and the cladding 104. In addition, the refractive index profile 400 is the alpha profile. The refractive index profile400is the relationship between refractive index or relative refractive index and the core radius of the optical fiber 100(as mentioned above in the detailed description of the FIG. 1). The refractive index profile400 has a single peak. The core radius (a) of the optical fiber 100 is shown in the FIG. 4 extending from a center to a point on the refractive index profile 400.

[0054] In addition, the refractive index profile400 is formed by controlling the plurality of parameters associated with the alpha profile of the optical fiber 100. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of parameters is controlled to obtain the desired properties in the optical fiber 100. The desired properties of the optical fiber 100include low dispersion, low cable cut-off and a simplified refractive index profile. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index of the core 102 gradually decreases from the maximum peak point.

[0055] Going further, the maximum refractive index difference is shown on ordinate axis or y-axis and the core radius is shown on abscissa or x-axis. In addition, the maximum refractive index difference is represented by Δ. In addition, Δ corresponds to a difference between a refractive index (n1) of the core 102 and the refractive index (n2) of the cladding 104 of the optical fiber 100. Accordingly, Δcorresponds to n1-n2. In addition, The relative refractive index is positive where the refractive index of a core region is greater than the average refractive index of the cladding region 104. The maximum refractive index difference is negative when a refractive index of a core region is less than an average refractive index of the cladding region104.In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum refractive index difference percentage for the optical fiber 100 is positive.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index profile 400 is the alpha profile (stated above in the patent application). In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the alpha profile of the optical fiber 100corresponds to a relative refractive index profile. In addition, the alpha profile of the optical fiber 100 is expressed in terms of Δ(r). Also, the alpha profile is expressed as a percentage.

[0057] The refractive index profile 400 is the single peak profile of the optical fiber 100. The single peak profile is achieved by controlling the plurality of parameters (as described above in the detailed description of the FIG. 1). In addition, the plurality of parameters includes the peak shaping parameter and the maximum refractive index difference between the core region and core radius102 and the cladding region104. Moreover, the plurality of parameters includes the core radius (as discussed in the detailed description of FIG. 1). Further, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pre-defined value of the other plurality of parameters is achieved by controlling the plurality of parameters. Furthermore, the other plurality of parameters includes the zero dispersion wavelength, the dispersion, the zero dispersion slope and the effective area (as discussed in the detailed description of FIG. 1). In addition, the plurality of parameters includes the micro bend loss and the macro bend loss. (as explained in the detailed description of FIG. 1).

[0058] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index profile 400 of the optical fiber 100 is generated by controlling the three parameters. The plurality of parameters includes the three parameters. Moreover, the three parameters include the peak shaping parameter, the maximum refractive index difference between the core region102 and the cladding region104. In addition, the three parameters include the core radius of the core region102 of the optical fiber 100. The control of the three parameters results in a less complex core profile design of the optical fiber 100.

[0059] FIG. 5 illustrates a table 500 for showing value of one or more characteristics associated with the optical fiber 100, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the peak shaping parameter of the optical fiber 100 has the pre-defined value. The pre-defined value of the peak shaping parameter of the optical fiber 100 is in a range of 2.5 to 3.3. Moreover, the maximum refractive index difference between the core region102 and the cladding region104 lies in the pre-defined range. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum refractive index difference percentage between the core region102 and the cladding region104corresponds to the delta parameter. The maximum refractive index difference percentage between the core region102 and the cladding region104of the optical fiber 100 lies in the range of 0.45%-0.6%. Moreover, the core radius of the core region102 of the optical fiber 100 lies in the pre-defined range. The core radius of the core region102 of the optical fiber 100lies in the range of 2.3 µm-3 µm.

[0060] Furthermore, simplicity in manufacturing process and lower concentration cause the reduction in attenuation in the optical fiber 100 than the convention design of the fiber. The typical value of the attenuation in the optical fiber100 is less than 0.19dB/km. Moreover, the cable cut-off wavelength of the optical fiber 100 is less than the pre-defined value. The pre-defined value of the cable cut-off wavelength of the optical fiber 100 is 1260nm. Moreover, the mode field diameter (MFD) of the optical fiber 100 lies in the pre-defined range. The mode field diameter (MFD) of the optical fiber 100 lies in the pre-defined range of 8.7µm-9.7µm at the wavelength of 1550 nm.

[0061] Furthermore, the zero dispersion wavelength of the optical fiber 100lies in the pre-defined range. The zero dispersion wavelength lies in the pre-defined range of 1350nm-1430nm. Moreover, the dispersion in the optical fiber 100 lies in the pre-defined range. The dispersion in the optical fiber 100 lies in the pre-defined range of 3.6ps/nm-km-9.28ps/nm-km at the wavelength of 1550 nm.

[0062] Furthermore, the dispersion slope of the optical fiber 100 is less than a pre-defined value. The pre-defined value of the slope at 1550 nm is 0.06ps/nm2-kmat the wavelength of 1550 nm. Moreover, the effective area of the core region102 of the optical fiber 100 lies in the pre-defined range. The effective area of the core region102 of the optical fiber 100lies in the pre-defined range of 55 µm2-80µm2. Further, the micro bend loss in the optical fiber 100 is less than the pre-defined value. The pre-defined value of the micro bend loss in the optical fiber 100 is less than 4dB/km. Moreover, the macro bend loss in the optical fiber 100 has a pre-defined value. The pre-defined value of the macro bend loss in the optical fiber 100 is 0.05dB/turn at the bending diameter of 32 millimeters and a wavelength of 1550 nanometers. The pre-defined value of the macro bend loss of the optical fiber 100 corresponds to the wavelength of 1550nm. In addition, the pre-defined value of the macro bend loss of the optical fiber 100 corresponds to a bending diameter of 32mm.

[0063] The present disclosure provides numerous advantages over the prior art. The optical fiber has a simplified refractive index profile design. In addition, the manufacturing cost of the optical fiber is reduced due to a control of lesser number of design parameters. Further, the optical fiber has a low attenuation loss. In addition, the present disclosure provides the optical fiber with the low macro-bending loss and the low micro bending loss. In addition, the present disclosure provides the optical fiber with the dispersion which meets or exceed the requirements set by ITU. Moreover, the optical fiber has a low cable cut-off wavelength.

[0064] The foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the present technology have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present technology to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the present technology and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the present technology and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is understood that various omissions and substitutions of equivalents are contemplated as circumstance may suggest or render expedient, but such are intended to cover the application or implementation without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims of the present technology.

[0065] While several possible embodiments of the disclosure have been described above and illustrated in some cases, it should be interpreted and understood as to have been presented only by way of illustration and example, but not by limitation. Thus, the breadth and scope of a preferred embodiment should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments.