FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to orally administered modified release liquid pharmaceutical compositions of eslicarbazcpinc. The modified release liquid compositions arc in the form of ready to use suspension or suspension powder for reconstitution. It also relates to the processes for the preparation of said liquid compositions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Eslicarbazcpinc acetate is used as an anticonvulsant drug. It is chemically known as (S)-l0-acetoxy-10,l l-dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,fJazepine-5-carboxamide It is recommended for conditions such as epilepsy, affective disorders, and pain disorders. Eslicarbazcpine is marketed in the United States as an immediate release tablet in of 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg and 800 mg strengths under die brand name Aptiom' by Sunovion Pharmaceuticals.
The tablet dosage form of Eslicarbazepine has large tablet size and weight. Difficulty in swallowing large tablets and capsules is a problem for many patients and can lead to a variety of adverse events as well as induce significant non-compliance with die prescribed treatment regimens. Children, adolescents, and the elderly are particularly vulnerable population groups that are more likely than adults to experience difficulty in swallowing large tablets or capsules. The liquid dosage forms formulation design with an objective to minimize swallowing difficulties is likely to improve patient compliance by reducing dysphagia-related adverse events due to large tablet size and accordingly providing a more convenient and less cumbersome posology.
There exists a need in the art for liquid compositions of eslicarbazcpinc which provide ease in administration, dose adjustment, and enhanced patient compliance.
U.S. Publication No. 2013/0040939 discloses an immediate release oral suspension formulation of eslicarbazepine comprising xanthan gum as a suspending agent and polyoxyethylene stearate as a wetting agent.
The prior art discloses only immediate release oral suspension of eslicarbazcpinc. There exists a need in the art for modified release liquid compositions of eslicarbazepine which arc stable, provides case of administration, dose adjustment, and enhanced patient compliance. Besides, the liquid compositions should be stable in terms of dissolution, viscosity, pH, sedimentation, phase separation and content uniformity.
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Extended-release products offer potential benefits like, sustained blood levels, attenuation of adverse effects and improved patient compliance as dosing frequency is reduced. In case of anti-epilectic drugs extended-release dosage forms provide the convenience of once daily dosing with expected improvement in patient compliance, an improved tolerability profile resulting from lower peak plasma levels, and a better seizure control from fewer fluctuations in the plasma levels.
The modified release liquid compositions exhibits desirable technical attributes. The present invention provides modified release liquid compositions of cslicarbazcpinc which arc ready to use suspension and suspension powder for reconstitution,
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to orally administered modified release liquid pharmaceutical compositions of eslicarbazepine. The modified release liquid compositions are in the form of ready to use suspension or suspension powder for reconstitution. The liquid compositions offer better patient compliance and dosing flexibility based on age and body weight of die patients. It also relates to the processes for the preparation of said liquid compositions.
It is a principal object of the present invention to provide a stable pharmaceutical composition comprising an anticonvulsant drug with one or more pharmaceutical!}' acceptable excipicnt and/or carrier and process for its preparation.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a stable modified release pharmaceutical composition in the form of a suspension comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof with one or more pharmaceutical!}- acceptable excipicnt and/or carrier and process for their preparation. The modified release suspension is in the form of read}' to use suspension and suspension powder for reconstitution.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an oral modified release pharmaceutical composition in the form of a suspension comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical]}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof with one or more pharmaceutical^ acceptable excipicnt and/or carrier wherein the pharmaceutical]}' acceptable excipient is selected from the group consisting of suspending agent, antioxidants, anticaking agent, antifoaming agent. pH adjusting agent, coloring agent.
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sweetening agent, flavouring agent, surfactant/solubilizer/wetting agent, gel forming agent. release- controlling agent buffer diluent and preservative.
Another object of the present invention is to develop a modified release suspension comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates. polymorphs, cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof by a manufacturing process which is consistent and therefore feasible for industrial production, while maintaining the stability.
The following embodiments further describe the objects of the present invention in accordance with the best mode of practice, however, disclosed invention is not restricted to the particular embodiments hereinafter described.
In accordance widi a one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a modified release dry powder for suspension comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof and at least one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and/or carrier wherein the pharmaceutical!}' acceptable excipient is selected from the group consisting of suspending agent/thickening agent/viscosity agent, antioxidant, anticaking agent, antifoaming agent, pH adjusting agent, coloring agent, sweetening agent, flavouring agent, solubilizer/wetting agent. gel forming agent, release- controlling agent, buffer, diluent and preservative.
In accordance with a one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a modified release ready to use stable liquid suspension comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaccutically acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof and at least one or more pharmaceutical ly acceptable excipient and/or carrier wherein the pharmaccutically acceptable excipient is selected from the group consisting of suspending agent/thickening agent/viscosity agent, antioxidant, anticaking agent, antifoaming agent. pH adjusting agent, coloring agent, sweetening agent, flavouring agent, solubilizer/wetting agent. buffer, gel forming agent, release- controlling agent, diluent and preservative.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided modified release dry powder for suspension compositions suitable for use as a liquid suspension for children or elderly patients. The compositions include cslicarbazpinc or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures
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thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients selected from the group consisting of suspending agents, viscosity enhancers, coating agents, preservatives, flavouring agents. thickening agent/viscosity agent sweeteners, lubricants, wetting agents, gel forming agent. release- controlling agent, surfactants, buffering agents, and diluents.
In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a process for the preparation of a stable modified release pharmaceutical composition in the form of a suspension comprising cslicarbazcpinc or its pharniaccutically acceptable esters. salts, solvates, polymorphs, cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof, wherein cslicarbazcpinc or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof, wherein liquid carrier is aqueous and/or non-aqueous carrier.
In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a process for the preparation of a stable modified release pharmaceutical composition in the form of a suspension comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical!}7 acceptable esters. salts, solvates, polymorphs, cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof, wherein cslicarbazcpinc or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof is in micronized form.
In accordance widi still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a process for the preparation of a ready to use modified release liquid suspension of cslicarbazpinc or its pharmaceutical ly acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof, comprising combining various components using conventional equipments such as overhead stirrers, ultrasonificrs, mills and homogenizcrs. Many different orders of adding components for mixing can be employed, pH of the suspension is adjusted to desired value using aqueous buffering agents as needed.
In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a process for the preparation of a modified release dry powder for suspension composition of cslicarbazpinc or its pharmaceutical^ acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs. enantiomers or mixtures thereof, which is suitable for suspension in water and/ or water misciblc suitable solvents to form an orally administrablc product which comprises admixing modified release eslicarbazpine granules/pellets/beads with substantially dry pharmaceutical ly acceptable excipients selected from the group consisting of suspending agents/viscosity enhancers, coating agents, preservatives, flavouring agents, sweeteners, lubricants. surfactants/wetting agents, gel forming agents, buffering agents, and diluents to form a dry admixture, and transferring the dry admixture to a scalable storage container.
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In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a stable modified release pharmaceutical composition in the form of a suspension comprising eslicarbazpine or its pharmaceutically acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs. cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof wherein the composition is substantially free from other polymorphic forms.
In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a stable modified release pharmaceutical composition in the form of a suspension comprising cslicarbazapinc or its pharmaccutically acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs. cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof in an amount of about 0.01% to about 90% by weight wherein, the composition exhibits desirable technical attributes like release profile. pourability, viscosity, dissolution, stability, rc-suspcndability and rc-dispcrsibility and a process for preparing the same,
In accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a stable modified release pharmaceutical composition in the form of a suspension comprising eslicarbazpine or its pharmaccutically acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof, for the treatment of epilepsy, affective disorders, and pain disorders.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention can be more readily understood by following detailed description of the invention and study of the included examples.
As used herein, the term "'composition or ""formulation" or '"dosage form", as in pharmaceutical composition, is intended to encompass a drug product comprising an anticonvulsant or anti-epileptic drug, preferably eslicarbazpine or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable salts, esters, solvates, polymorphs, cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof and other inert ingredient(s) (pharmaceutically acceptable excipients). Such pharmaceutical compositions are synonymous with '"formulation" and '"dosage form"'. Pharmaceutical composition of the invention include, but is not limited to modified release ready to use or powder for suspension/ suspension powder for reconstitution. The suspension powder for reconstitution comprises granules, pellets, or beads.
As used herein, the term "ready to use suspension" means a pre-constituted suspension which can be administered as such. The '"powder for suspension" or :"dry suspension" needs to be reconstituted with a liquid carrier to form a suspension,
As used herein, the term "Eslicarbazcpinc" is used in broad sense to include not only "Eslicarbazepine" per se but also its pharmaceutical ly acceptable salts, pharmaceutical ly
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acceptable solvates, pharmaceutically acceptable hydrates, pharmaceutically acceptable cnantiomcrs, phannaceutically acceptable derivatives, pharmaccutically acceptable isomers. pharmaceutically acceptable polymorphs, pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs thereof and also its various crystalline and amorphous forms. In particular, the salt of cslicarbazcpinc is eslicarbazepine acetate. The term "Eslicarbazepine acetate" used in this specification means the S-isomer in substantially pure form, i.e. at least about 98% pure. The composition of the present invention comprises eslicarbazepine in an amount from about 0.01% w/vv to about 90% w/w of the total composition, particularly in an amount from about 0.01% to about 30% w/w of the total composition.
The term "modified release" as used herein, refers to a release profile to effect delivery of cslicarbazcpinc over an extended period of time, as being between about 1 hour to about 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 hours. Modified release includes extended release, sustained release. controlled release, multiphase release, delayed release, pulsatile release, chrono release and the like. A modified release composition is one for which the drug release characteristics of time course and/or location arc chosen to accomplish therapeutic or convenience objectives not offered by conventional dosage forms such as solutions or promptly dissolving dosage forms e.g., immediate release tablets.
The term "immediate release." as used herein, implies that eslicarbazepine is released from the composition in an immediate release fashion, but may include taste-masking. When present in immediate release form, cslicarbazcpinc may be present as powder, pellets, granules, beads, and the like.
The tenn "inert particle,"' as used herein, refers to a particle made from a sugar sphere also known as a non-pareil seed, a microcrystalline cellulose sphere, a dibasic calcium phosphate bead, a mannitol bead, a silica bead, a tartaric acid pellet a wax based pellet, and the like.
The term "excipient" means a pharmacologically inactive component such as a thickening agent, viscosity agent, anticaking agent, antifoaming agent, pH adjusting agent. antioxidant, sweetening agent, flavoring agent, solubilizcr/werring agent, gel forming agent, rate- controlling agent, buffer, and preservative and the like. The excipients used in preparing the liquid pharmaceutical composition arc safe and non-toxic. Reference to an excipient includes both one and more than one such excipient. Co-processed excipients are also covered under the scope of present invention. Further, excipient may be in the form of powders or in the form of dispersion. Combination of excipients performing the same function may also be
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used to achieve desired formulation characteristics. In addition to the aforementioned components, the cslicarbazepinc oral suspension form can also optionally contain other excipients commonly found in pharmaceutical compositions such as alternative solvents, taste-masking agents, antioxidants, fillers, acidificrs, enzyme inhibitors and other components as described in Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Rowe et at., Eds., 6di Edition. Pharmaceutical Press (2009).
As used herein, the term "about" means ± approximately 20% of the indicated value, such tiiat "about 10 percent" indicates approximately 08 to 12 percent.
As used in this specification, the singular forms L"a", "an", and '"the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, a reference to "a process" includes one or more process, and/or steps of the type described herein and/or which will become apparent to those persons skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure and so forth.
The term "stable," as used herein, refers to chemical stability, wherein not more than 5% w/w of total related substances are formed on storage at 40°C and 75% relative humidity (R.H.) or at 25°C and 60% R.H. for a period of at least one month, particularly for a period of two months, and more particularly for a period of at least three months.
Unless otherwise stated the weight percentages expressed herein arc based on the final weight of the composition or formulation.
The present invention is a stable modified release liquid pharmaceutical composition of cslicarbazepinc or its pharmaceutical^- acceptable salts.
The present invention is a stable pharmaceutical composition directed to ready to use oral modified release liquid suspension or modified release dry powder for suspension compositions suitable for use as a liquid suspension for administration to a subject in need thereof which comprises cslicarbazepinc or its pharmaceutical ly acceptable salts.
In accordance with one embodiment, there is provided a stable pharmaceutical composition in the form of a modified release suspension comprising: (i) a core comprising eslicarbazepine; and
(ii) at least one or more pharmaceutical ly acceptable excipients;
(iii) a coating layer over said core comprising one or more release-controlling polymers.
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In accordance with one embodiment there is provided a stable pharmaceutical composition in the form of a modified release suspension comprising eslicarbazcpinc or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and/or liquid carrier and process for its preparation
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a modified release liquid pharmaceutical composition of eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable salt, ester. hydrate or polymorph thereof with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipicnts comprising:
(i) modified release cores of eslicarbazcpinc comprising a release-controlling agent;
and (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
According to another embodiment the present invention relates to the release-controlling agent may be present in the core or coated over the core or both.
According to another embodiment the present invention relates to the modified release core is prepared by cxtrusion-sphcronization technique.
According to another embodiment the present invention relates to the modified release liquid pharmaceutical composition of eslicarbazepine comprising:
(i) cores of eslicarbazcpinc coated with a release-controlling agent to form the modified release cores: and
(ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
According to one embodiment of the present invention relates to the modified release core is coated with a gel forming agent. Alternatively, inert particles arc coated with a gel forming agent. Upon admixing with an aqueous medium a viscous suspension is formed suitable for oral administration.
In accordance another embodiment of present invention, there is provided a stable modified release suspension comprising cslicarbazpine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or a liquid carrier, wherein the composition is substantially free of xanthan gum.
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In accordance another embodiment of present invention, there is provided a stable modified release suspension comprising cslicarbazpinc or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or a liquid carrier, wherein the composition is substantially free of polyoxycthylcnc stcarate.
In accordance another embodiment of present invention, there is provided a stable modified release suspension comprising eslicarbazpine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or a liquid carrier, wherein the composition is substantially free of xanthan gum and polyoxycthylcnc stcarate.
According to one embodiment of the present invention relates to the modified release liquid composition is a suspension of eslicarbazepine,
According to one embodiment of the present invention relates to the modified release suspension that is a ready to use suspension or suspension powder for reconstitution,
According to one embodiment of the present invention relates to the modified release suspension is an aqueous suspension,
Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a modified release oral pharmaceutical suspension dosage form of eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, hydrate or polymorph thereof with one or more pharmaceutical!}- acceptable excipients comprising:
a) cores comprising eslicarbazepine;
b) a release-controlling agent;
c) a suspending agent;
d) a diluent;
e) a preservative;
f) optionally an antioxidant;
g) pH adjusting agent in sufficient amounts to maintain the pH of the composition in the range of about 3.0 to about 8.0; and / or a pharmaceutically acceptable liquid carrier.
Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a multiparticulate based pharmaceutical composition comprising
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a) a core comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutically acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof and one or more pharmaceutical ly acceptable excipients; b) coated with one or more rate controlling agent and ; c) optionally mixing the coated core with one or more excipients selected from the group of a diluent/carrier, buffering agent, suspending/thickening agent, sweeteners, flavouring agent, stabilizing agent, preservatives and mixtures thereof, wherein the composition is substantially free of xanthan gum and /or polvoxythylene stearate.
Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a multiparticulate based pharmaceutical composition comprising: a) an inert core comprising mannitol or Microcrystallinc cellulose; b) drug layer comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical ly acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients; c) coated with one or more rate controlling agent and; d) optionally mixing the coated core with one or more excipients selected from tlie group of a diluent/carrier, buffering agent, suspending/thickening agent, sweeteners. flavouring agent, stabilizing agent, preservatives and mixtures thereof, wherein the composition is substantially free of xanthan gum and /or polvoxythylene stearate.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, multiparticulate system based composition of eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutically acceptable esters, salts, solvates. polymorphs, cnantiomcrs or mixtures thereof is in the form of Powder for oral suspension.
According to one embodiment of the present invention relates to the modified release suspension has a pH in a range of about 3.0-8.0.
According to another embodiment of die present invention, the amount of eslicarbazepine in the suspension ranges from about 0,1 mg/ml to about 400 mg/ml. The amount of eslicarbazepine in the suspension ranges preferably from about 0.5 mg/mL to 300 mg/mL. preferably from about 0,5 mg/mL to 200 mg/mL. preferably from about 0.5 mg/mL to 100 mg/mL. More preferably the amount of eslicarbazepine in the suspension ranges from about 0.5 mg/mL to 75 mg/mL. Particularly, the the amount of eslicarbazepine in the suspension is lmg/mL, 2 mg/5mL, 5 mg/5mL, 25 mg/5mL, 50 mg/5mL, 100 mg/5mL and 250 mg/5mL, 5 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL. 50 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL and 250 mg/mL,
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the amount of eslicarbazepine in the suspension ranges from about 0.01% to about 90% by weight on the basis of the total weight of the suspension. Particularly, the amount of eslicarbazepine in the
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suspension ranges from about 0.01% to about 30% by weight on the basis of the total weight of the composition.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the eslicarbazepine is layered onto an inert particle to form the core.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the pharmaceutical ly acceptable carrier comprises one or more of pharmaccutically acceptable excipicnts selected from the group comprising one or more of viscosity agent, anticaking agent, antifoaming agent. pH adjusting agent, coloring agent, sweetening agent, flavoring agent, surfactant or wetting agent, gel forming agent, release controlling agent, buffer, diluent, preservative, and antioxidant.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the modified release liquid pharmaceutical composition comprises an immediate release component.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the modified release liquid pharmaceutical composition is administered once daily.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, provides a process for the preparation of modified release liquid pharmaceutical composition of eslicarbazepine which is consistent and therefore feasible for industrial production, while maintaining stability and pharmaceutical equivalence to the reference formulation.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, provides a method of treating a medical condition in a subject by administering a modified release liquid pharmaceutical composition of eslicarbazepine comprising eslicarbazepine and one or more pharmaceutical ly acceptable excipient and/or carrier.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the medical condition is selected from the group comprising epilepsy, neuropathic pain, migraine. fibromyalgia, trigeminal neuralgia, bipolar disorders, attention disorders, anxiety disorders, affective disorders, and schizoaffective disorders, sensorimotor disorders, and vestibular disorders.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the epilepsy is partial-onset seizures with or without secondary generalization, primary generalized seizures. and absence seizures.
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According to another embodiment of the above aspect the composition further comprises one or more anticonvulsant drugs.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a stable pharmaceutical composition in the form of a modified release suspension comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and/or liquid carrier, wherein liquid carrier is selected from the group comprising aqueous and non-aqueous carrier. The aqueous carrier is selected from the group comprising water or a combination of water and a watcr-miscible organic solvent. The non¬aqueous carrier is selected from the group comprising oils e.g., peanut oil, soy bean oil, com oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil, mineral oil, fatty acid esters, fatty acid esters of polyethylene glycols, glyceryl mono-olcatc, ethyl oleate, acctylatcd glyecrides, or combinations thereof
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a stable phannaceutical composition in the form of a modified release suspension comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharniaccutically acceptable salts and/or a liquid carrier, wherein the sweetening agent is selected from the group sugar or a sugar alcohol such as sucrose. dextrose, sucralosc, sorbitol, fmctosc, mannitol and invert sugar and sugar substitutes such as saccharin sodium, aspartame and combinations thereof
In accordance with other embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a stable modified release suspension comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical ly acceptable salts, wherein the suspension is a liquid suspension packaged in a bottle.
In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a stable modified release suspension comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical ly acceptable salts, wherein the suspension is a powder for suspension packaged in a bottle or sachets.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, eslicarbazepine has a particle size distribution Dw less dian about 200 urn eslicarbazepine has a particle size distribution D90 between 5 um and 200 um. eslicarbazepine has a particle size distribution particularly Dyu between 5 um and 175 um. particularly Dyo between 5 ^im and 150 um. particularly DTO between 5 um and 125 um. particularly Dw between 5 um and 100 um and particular!}- D90 between 5 um and 75 um.
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The eslicarbazepine coated core may' be further optionally coated with a coating layer comprising a film-forming agent to mask the bitter taste or to improve the stability. The coating layer prevents eslicarbazepine release during storage, but is quickly penetrated by gastric fluid allowing rapid release of eslicarbazepine. In one instance, die film-forming agent can have a pH dependent solubility in which the release of active ingredient is prevented by using a prc-adjustcd pH of die liquid composition such that the film-forming agent docs not get dissolved in the liquid composition but get dissolved when exposed to the physiological conditions.
The term "gel forming agent", as used herein, refers to various gelling and viscosity agents, thickeners, solution binders, and/or cmulsificrs. The gel forming agent increases the viscosity of the aqueous medium.
The modified release liquid compositions include ready to use oral suspension and suspension powder for rcconstitution. The suspension powder for rcconstitution can be in the form of powder, granules, pellets, beads, spheroids, multi-particulates, and the like. The suspension powder for rcconstitution arc finally reconstituted to modified release suspension/dispersion before administration such as by dispersing it a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carrier/vehicle.
The pharmaceuticals acceptable excipients used in die preparation of modified release suspension may comprise a suspending/viscosity agent, anticaking agent, antifoaming agent, pH adjusting agent, coloring agent, sweetening agent, flavoring agent. surfactant/wetting agent, buffer, diluent, preservative, antioxidant, release-controlling agent, and combinations thereof
The viscosity agent/suspending agent enhances the physical stability of the composition by sufficiently increasing the viscosity so as to retard the settling rate, yet allowing adequate pourability. They also allow the product to be easily resuspendable so that an appropriate dose can be delivered with minimal shaking. Suitable thickening agents/viscosity agents/suspending agents are selected from the group comprising cellulose derivatives such as hydroxycthyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmcthy I cellulose, methylcellulose, carboxymefhyl cellulose and its salts/derivatives e.g., carboxymediyl cellulose sodium (sodium CMC), microcrystallinc cellulose, and co-processed spray dried forms of microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (such as AviceP RC-501, Avicel* RC-581, Avicel® RC-591, and Avicef tL-61 I), carbomers (such as those available under die trade name Carbopol), gums such as locust bean gum. tragacanth
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gum, arabinogalactan gum, agar gum. gellan gum, guar gum, apricot gum, karaya gum. stcrculia gum, acacia gum, gum arabic, and carragccnan: pectin; propylene glycol alginate, dextran, gelatin, polyethylene glycols; polyvinyl compounds such as polyvinyl acetate. polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl pyrrolidonc, sugar alcohols such as xylitol and mannitol. colloidal silica, maltodextrin, starch, and mixtures thereof. The liquid compositions of the present invention arc free of xanthan gum. The suspending agents/viscosity agents arc present in an amount of about 0.05% to about 20% vv/w of the composition. Particularly, the suspending agents arc present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 10% w/w of the composition. More particularly, the suspending agents arc present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 5% w/w of the composition. Much more particularly, the suspending agents are present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 3% w/w of the composition.
The suspension is easily pourable and when shaken has a viscosity in the range of 100 to 5000 cP at 25°C. Particularly, the viscosity is in the range of 100 to 2500 cP at 25°C. More particularly, the viscosity is in the range of 100 to 1500 cP at 25°C.
The term "'shaken" as used herein refers to shaken prior to use, e.g. by a patient, e.g. vigorously shaken, e.g. by hand, e.g. for 5 to 60 seconds.
The viscosity can be measured by using as suitable instrument such as Brookficld viscometer, Haake VT 550 viscometer at room temperature (25°C).
Suitable anti-caking agents arc selected from the group comprising colloidal silicon dioxide, powdered cellulose, tribasic calcium phosphate, magnesium trisilicate. starch, or mixtures thereof The anticaking agents arc present in an amount of about 0.1 % to about 10% w/w of the composition.
Suitable antifoaming agents arc selected from the group comprising methylated linear siloxsane polymers end blocked with trimethylsiloxyl units such as dimethicone and simethicone, as well as mixtures of dimethicone with an average chain length of 200 to 250 dimethylsiloxane units and silica gel.
The suspension of the present invention has a pH in a range of about 3.0-8.0. Particularly, the pH of suspension has a pH in the range of about 5,0 -7.0.In order to maintain the desired pH range pH adjusting agents/buffering agents arc added. Suitable pH adjusting agents/buffering agents are selected from the group comprising citric acid, sodium citrate. sodium phosphate, potassium citrate, gluconic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, sodium gluconate.
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sodium lactate, acetate buffer, sodium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium bicarbonate. potassium bicarbonate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. and combinations thereof.
Suitable coloring agent arc selected from the group comprising FD&C (Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act) approved coloring agents; natural coloring agents; natural juice concentrates; pigments such as iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide; and combinations thereof.
Suitable sweetening agent are selected from the group comprising saccharine or its salt, acesulfame or its salt, cyclamate or its salt aspartame, neotame.alitame. sucralose. and stcviosidc.
Suitable flavoring agents are selected from the group comprising grape, cherry, citrus. peach, strawberry, raspberry, banana, bubble gum. peppermint grapefruit, orange, lime. lemon, mandarin, pineapple, mango, passion fruit, kiwi, apple, pear, peach, apricot banana. cranberry, blueberry, black currant, red currant gooseberry, lingon berries, camille. valerian. spearmint and combinations thereof.
Diluents or fillers are substances which usually provide bulk to the composition. Various useful fillers or diluents include, but arc not limited to sucrose, sugar alcohols. sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol. starch, pregelatinized starch, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous, calcium phosphate, dibasic dihydratc. calcium phosphate tribasic. calcium sulphate, cellulose powdered, silicified microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose acetate, lactose, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, maltodcxtrin, mannitol. microcry stall inc cellulose, polydcxtrosc, sodium alginate, sodium chloride and or mixtures thereof. Preferably diluent used is sucrose. The diluent is present in an amount of about 5%w/w to about 85 % w/w of the total composition.
Suitable surfactant or wetting agents arc selected from the group comprising non-ionic. anionic, canonic, or zwitterionic surfactants, and combinations thereof. Suitable examples of wetting agents are sodium lauryl sulphate, cctrimidc;, poly ethylene glycols; polyglycerin fatty acid esters such as decaglyceryl monolaurate and decaglyceryl monomyristatc, sorbitan fatty acid esters such as sorbitan monostcarate; polyoxycthylcnc sorbitan fatty acid ester such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene castor oil, potyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylcnc block copolymers such as poloxamcrs, and combinations thereof
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Particularly, surfactant or wetting agents are non-ionic. The liquid compositions of the present invention arc free of polyox; ethylene stcaratc such as polyoxy 100 stcarate (Myrj'~'59P) as wetting agent. The surfactant or wetting agents are present in an amount of about 0.01% to about 2% w/w of the composition.
Carricr/vchiclc/solvcnt used in the suspension of the present invention include aqueous and non-aqueous carrier but are not limited to water, alcohol, polyethylene glycol. propylene glycol or glycerin buffers, oil, or combinations thereof. Particularly, the suspensions arc aqueous based. By '"aqueous carrier' is meant a suspension comprising water, or a combination of water and a water-miscible organic solvent or solvents. Water-miscible solvents include but arc not limited to propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and cthanol. By '"non-aqueous carrier' is meant a suspension in which the carrier does not include water The carrier can also include one more pharmaceutically acceptable excipicnts which can be in dissolved or dispersed form. The carrier is present in an amount from about 30 w/w%to about 95 w/w%, particularly from about 50 wAv% to about 95 wAv%.
Various useful preservatives include, but arc not limited to, parabens such as mcthylparabcn, propylparaben, butyl paraben and their salts, sorbic acid, sodium sorbatc. potassium sorbate, calcium sorbate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, potassium benzoate. calcium benzoate. methyl hydroxybenzoate, ethyl para-hydroxybenzoatc. sodium ethyl para¬hydroxybenzoate, sodium metabisulphite, chlorhexidine. diazolidinyl urea, sodium citrate. butylatcd hydroxyl toluene (BHT), butylatcd hydroxyl anisolc (BHA), tocopherol. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, propyl gallate, quaternary compounds, e.g. benzalkonium chloride and cctylpyridinium chloride, phenyl ethyl alcohol and the like. In particular, the preservative is selected from benzoic acid and its salts and parabens. The preservative is present in an amount of about 0.001% w/w to about 3% w/w of the composition.
Suitable antioxidants are selected from the group comprising butylated hydroxytolucnc (BHT). butylatcd hydroxyanisolc (BHA), sodium metabi sulfite, ascorbic acid, propyl gallate, thiourea, tocopherols, beta-carotene, and combinations thereof,
The release-controlling agent is selected from the group comprising a pH- dependent release-controlling agent, a pH-independent release-controlling agent, and mixtures thereof. The release-controlling agent is present in an amount of about 0.1% w/w to about 60% w/w of the composition. Particularly, the release-control ling agent is present particularly in an
17

amount of about 0.1% w/w to about 30% w/w of the composition, particularly in an amount of about 0.1% w/w to about 20% wAv of the composition, particularly in an amount of about 0.1%wAvto about 10% wAv of the composition.
Suitable pH-dependent release-controlling agents are selected from the group comprising acrylic copolymers such as mcthacrylic acid and methyl mcthacrylatc copolymers. e.g., Eudragit' L 100 and Eudragit* S 100. dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and butyl mcthacrylatc and methyl mcthacrylatc copolymers e.g., Eudragit* E 100, Eudragit" E PO. mcthacrylic acid and ethyl acrylatc copolymers, e.g., Eudragit*' L100-55 and Eudragit*1 L30 D-55. methyl acrylate and methacrylic acid and octyl acrylate copolymers, styrene and acrylic acid copolymers, butyl acrylatc and styrene and acrylic acid copolymers, and cthylacrylatc-methacrylic acid copolymer: cellulose acetate phthalate: cellulose acetate succinates: hydroxyalkyl cellulose phthalatcs such as hydroxypropylmcthyl cellulose phthalate: hydroxyalkyl cellulose acetate succinates such as hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, vinyl acetate phthalatcs; vinyl acetate succinate; cellulose acetate trimclliatc, polyvinyl derivatives such as polyvinyl acetate phthalate. polyvinyl alcohol phthalate. polyvinyl butylate phthalate, and polyvinyl acctoacctal phthalate, zein, shellac, and mixtures thereof.
Suitable pH-indcpcndcnt release-controlling agents arc selected from the group comprising cellulosic polymers such as methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose. hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose, and carboxy mcthylccllulose; acrylic copolymers such as methacrylic acid copolymers, e.g., Eudragit R) RS. Eudragit'1" RL, Eudragit® NE 30 D: gums e.g., guar gum, locust bean gum, tragacantii, carragecnan, alginic acid, gum acacia, gum arabic, gellan gum; triglycerides: polyethylene derivatives e.g., polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide; polyvinyl alcohol; polyvinyl acetate; waxes, e.g., glyceryl behenate (Compritol*), Lubritab". and Gelucires* lipids: fatty acids or their salts/derivatives: polyvinyl polymers; a mixture of polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. e.g., KollidonR' SR; and mixtures diercof.
Suitable binders are selected from the group comprising gums such as guar gum. acacia, alginic acid, sodium alginate; carbomcrs; dextrin: maltodcxtrin; celluloses e.g., methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose. hydroxypropylmcthyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl methyl cellulose, carboxy'methyl cellulose
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sodium; povidone: dextrose: polydextrose, starch, pregelatinized starch, microcrystalline cellulose, polymcthacrylatcs including acrylic copolymers, gelatin, and mixture thcrof. The binder is present in an amount of about 0.1 % w/w to about 30% w/w of the composition.
Suitable disintegrants are selected from the group comprising carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, croscarmcllosc sodium, crospovidonc, polacrillin potassium, sodium starch giycolatc. alginic acid, sodium alginate, microcrystalline cellulose, silicified microcrystalline cellulose. guar gum, colloidal silicon dioxide, docusate sodium, low substituted hydroxy-propyl cellulose, magnesium aluminium silicate, methyl cellulose, starch, pregelatinized starch, and combinations thereof. The disintegrant is present in an amount of about 0.1% w/w to about 20% w/w of the composition.
Suitable glidants arc selected from the group comprising silica, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stcaratc, sodium stcaryl fumaratc, hydrogenated vegetable, and mixtures thereof. The glidant is present in an amount of about 0.1% w/w to about 6% w/w of the composition.
In the pharmaceutical suspension of the present invention the average particle size of cslicarbazcpmc is less than about 300 pm, particularly less than 200 urn, more particularly less than 150 pm, and much more particularly less than 100 um. Tbe particle size of cslicarbazcpmc can be measured by suitable techniques such as laser light scattering (e.g. Malvern Light Scattering), coulter counter, microscopy, fraunhofer diffraction, and any other technique known in the art.
The cores of eslicarbazepine can be prepared by any method known in the art, e.g., cxtrusion-sphcronoization, wet granulation, dry granulation, hot-melt extrusion granulation. spray drying, and spray congealing. Alternatively, eslicarbazepine can be layered onto an inert particle to form the core.
Further, eslicarbazepine can be directly coated with a release-controlling agent to form the microparticles or microcapsules. The microparticles or microcapsules can be prepared by a process of homogenization, solvent evaporation, coaccrvation phase separation, spray-drying, spray congealing, polymer precipitation, or supercritical fluid extraction.
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Alternatively, the modified release cores can be optionally mixed with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipicnts to form the suspension powder for rcconstitution which can be reconstituted with a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carrier/vehicle.
Powder/granules for oral suspension can be reconstituted using water or Powder/granules for oral suspension can be administered by sprinkling the powder/granules on one tcaspoonful of applesauce or empty granules into a small cup or teaspoon containing one teaspoon of apple juice.
Modified release liquid composition of cslicarbazcpinc can be prepared by (i) preparing cores comprising eslicarbazepine and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipicnts; (ii) dissolving/dispersing a release-controlling agent and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable coating excipients in a suitable solvent; (iii) applying the coating composition of step (ii) over the cores of step (i): (iv) dissolving/dispersing one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipicnts in a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle to form a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and (v) dispersing the coated cores of step (iii) in the carrier of step (iv) to obtain the modified release liquid composition.
Alternatively, process for the preparing an extended release dosage form of cslicarbazcpinc, comprising the steps:
a) blending eslicarbazpeine with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients,b) granulating the blend, using a surfactant c) further coating the granules of step (b) with a rate controlling agent d) drying and lubricating the granules of step c) e) blending the granules with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipicnts c) filling into suitable bottlc/sachct/pouch.
Alternatively, the modified release coated cores can be optionally mixed with one or more pharmaccutically acceptable excipicnts to form the suspension powder for rcconstitution which can be reconstituted with a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carrier/vehicle.
Esclicarbazcpinc can also be present in complc\cd form with ion-exchange resins which are coated with a release-controlling agent to form the modified release core. The modified release cores arc optionally mixed with one or more pharmaccutically acceptable excipients and dispersed in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to form ready to use modified release liquid composition.
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Alternatively, the modified release cores can be optionally mixed with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipicnts to form the suspension powder for rcconstitution which can be reconstituted with a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carrier/vehicle.
The modified release suspension can be packaged in a suitable pack such as bottle e.g., glass bottle, amber colored polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle, high density polyethylene (HDPE) bottle, low density polyethylene (LDPE) bottle, and polypropylene (PP) bottle, packet, pouch, and sachet.
The modified release suspensions of the present invention arc homogenous and deliver the desired dose of eslicarbazepine in every use without any risk of overdosing or under dosing. The compositions provide predictable esl icarbazepine release throughout the shelf life.
The invention may be further illustrated by the following examples, which are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
EXAMPLES 1-5 Suspension powder for reconstitution

Ingredients Quantity (% w/w)
Example 1 2 3 4 5
Eslicarbazcpinc 11.44 11.44 11.44 11.44 11.44
Microcry stall ine cellulose 3.43 - - - 1.71
HPMC - 3.43 9.15 1.14 1.7L
Sucrose 75.24 75.16 69.44 77.45 75.2
Sodium CMC 0.69 0.69 0.77 0,77 0.68
Polvsorbate 80 - 0.08 - - -
Ethyl Cellulose 9.15 9.15 9.15 9.15 9.15
Banana Flavor 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Cherrv Flavor 0.2 0.2 0,2 0,2 0,2
lsopropvl Alcohol q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.
Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.
Procedure:
1) blended cslicarbazpeinc with HPMC, sodium CMC and sucrose
2) granulated the blend, using a surfactant
3) further granules of step 2 were coated with a rate controlling agent
4) granules of step 3 were dried and lubricated
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5) dranules of step 5 were blended with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as flavouring agents; sweetening agent
6) obtained granules were packed in a suitable bottle/ sachet/pouch.
The suspension powder for rcconstitution is reconstituted with vehicle/liquid carrier when required to form the modified release liquid composition.
Assay for Eslicarbazepine
The suspension powder for reconstitution of Example 1-5 were analyzed for drug content by HPLC method using C18 column (150 x 4.6 mm, 5 pm) using acctonitrile: water (50:50) at 215 nm.
All the batches exhibits assay atlcast 99 %.
pH data: pH values were determined using potcntiomctry using USP <791 >
Table 1- pH Value

Composition pH
Example 1 6,10
Example 2 6,90
Example 3 7.15
Example 4 6.70
Example 5 6,80
Dissolution studies
The powder for suspension of Example 2 were evaluated for in-vitro eslicarbazepine release. The in-vitro dissolution was determined using a USP type II apparatus at 50 rpm in 1000 mL of acetate buffer (pH 4.5) at 37±(),5°C by HPLC method. The results are represented in Table 2
Table 2- Percentage (%) of the In-Vitro Eslicarbazepine Release in USP type II apparatus at 50 rpm in 1000 mL of acetate buffer (pH 4.5)

Time (Hour) Percentage of Esclicarbazepine Release of Example 2
1 17
2 28
4 42
10 56
12 58
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We Claim:
1. An extended release oral liquid pharmaceutical composition comprising cslicarbazcpinc or its pharmaceutical ly acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof in a pharmaceutical ly acceptable carrier.
2. An extended release liquid composition comprising:
(i) a core comprising cslicarbazcpinc or its pharmaceutical ly acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof; and
(ii) at least one or more pharmaccutically acceptable excipicnts;
(iii) a coating layer over said core comprising one or more release-controlling polymers,
3. The extended release liquid composition comprising cslicarbazcpinc or its pharmaccutically acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof of claims 1-2. wherein the composition is a rcady-to-usc liquid composition or powder for rcconstitution.
4. The extended release liquid composition comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof in a pharmaceutical!}' acceptable carrier of claims 1-2, wherein the composition comprises cslicarbazcpinc in an amount from about 0.1 mg/mL to about 250.0 mg/mL of the composition.
5. The extended release liquid composition comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof in a pharmaceutical!}' acceptable carrier of claims 1-2, wherein the pH of the composition is in the range of about 3.0 to 8.0.
6. The extended release liquid composition comprising eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof of claims 1- 2, wherein the ready-to-use liquid composition or a powder for reconstitution is a suspension.
7. The extended release liquid composition cslicarbazcpinc or its pharmaccutically acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof of claims 1-2, wherein powder for rcconstitution comprises granules, pellets, or beads.
8. The extended release liquid composition eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical!}' acceptable esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomers or mixtures thereof of claims 1-2. wherein the liquid composition is substantially free of xanthan gum.
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9. The extended release liquid composition eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutically acceptable
esters, salts, solvates, polymorphs, enantiomcrs or mixtures thereof of claims 1-2, wherein the
liquid composition is substantially free of polyoxyethylene stearate.
10. The extended release liquid of claims 1-2, wherein the release- controlling agent is
selected from the group consisting of a pH-depcndcnt release controlling agent, a pH-
independent release controlling agent and/or mixtures thereof
11. The extended release liquid of claims 1-2, wherein the pharmaccutically acceptable excipients are selected from the group consisting of suspending agent, surfactants, diluents, thickening agent, pH adjusting agent, wetting agent, buffer, flavouring agent, sweetening agent and combinations thereof
12. An extended release liquid composition of eslicarbazepine or its pharmaceutical!}7 acceptable salt, hydrate or polymorph thereof with one or more pharmaceutical ly acceptable excipients. wherein the composition is characterized by having an in-vitro dissolution release profile using USP Type II (paddle) apparatus at 50 rpm, in 1000 mL of acetate buffer with pH 4.5 at 37±0.5°C as follows:
a. not more than about 45% of eslicarabzepine released after 4 hour.
b. not less than about 55% of eslicarabzepine released after 12 hours.
13. The extended release liquid oral pharmaceutical dosage form of claims 1-2, comprising
a) about 0.1-40% by weight of eslicarbazepine;
b) about 0.1-10% by weight of suspending agent;
c) about 0-3 % by weight of surfactant;
d) atlcast 5% by weight of rate- controlling agent.
14. The extended release liquid oral pharmaceutical dosage form of claims 1-2. comprising
a) about 0.1-40% by weight of eslicarbazepine;
b) about 0.1-10% by weight of suspending agent;
c) about 0-3 % by weight of surfactant;
d) atleast 5% by weight of rate- controlling agent;
wherein the pH of reconstituted dosage form is in the range of about 3.0-8.0.
15. The extended release liquid oral pharmaceutical dosage form of claims 1-2. comprising
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a) about 0.1-40% by weight of eslicarbazepine;
b) about 0.1-10% by weight of suspending agent;
c) about 0-3 % by weight of surfactant;
d) atlcast 5% by weight of rate- controlling agent;
wherein the pH of reconstituted dosage form is in the range of about 3,0-8,0 and composition is substantially free of Xanthangum and/or polyoxycthylcnc stcaratc.
16. The extended release liquid composition of claims 1-2. wherein the composition further comprises eslicarbazepine in an immediate release form.
17. Hie extended release oral pharmaceutical suspension dosage form of claims 1-2, wherein the carrier is selected from aqueous and non-aqueous carrier.
18. A process for the preparing an extended release dosage form of eslicarbazepine.
comprising the steps:
a) blending eslicarbazpeine with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients,
b) granulating the blend, using a surfactant
c) further coating the granules of step (b) with a rate controlling agent
d) drying and lubricating the granules of step c)
e) blending the granules with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients e) filling into suitable bottle/sachet/pouch.

19. An extended release oral pharmaceutical suspension dosage form of preceding claims comprising suspension dosage form having a particle size distribution Dyu less than about 200 urn wherein composition is prepared using dry granulation, wet granulation, blending. sphcronization extrusion process, homogenization and/or holt melt extrusion processes.
20. An extended release oral pharmaceutical suspension dosage form of preceding claims comprising suspension dosage form wherein composition is packaged in a suitable pack such as bottle e.g., glass bottle, amber colored polyethylene tcrcphthalatc (PET) bottle, high density polyethylene (HDPE) bottle, low density polyethylene (LDPE) bottle, and polypropylene (PP) bottle, pouch, sachet.