Technical field
[0001] The invention is in the field of power electronics, in particular the power converter, and relates to the structure of a phase module for power converter and an inverter. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle with an inverter.
Previously known prior art,
[0002] Inverter used to convert AC voltage and current, with the characteristics such as voltage amplitude and frequency to be adjusted there. An inverter may include an intermediate circuit. It serves as a buffer and as an electric buffer. Voltage and current are converted in power converters alike.

[0003] Used to drive, for example, drives of variable speed electric motors. These come in vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, such as trams, electric locomotives and high speed trains. The vehicle uses the voltage across, for example, an overhead line or conductor rail. This is then adjusted in the inverter for the electric drive.

[0004] Electric motors are also used as a dynamo to generate electricity from kinetic energy, for example during braking of an electric vehicle. The inverter typically works in both directions.

[0005] Inverter modules can phase with controllable semiconductor components, for example, IGBTs (insulated-gate bipolar transistor) having. By a traffic control, a phase current is generated in the phase module. This can then, for example, to drive an electric motor.

Disadvantages of the prior art

[0006] The drive module consist of large arrays of unit converters, each power converter unit is connected to the intermediate circuit. Long connections to the intermediate circuit produce a high inductance, and an associated loss of performance.

problem

[0007] The task is to improve the structure of the inverter.

inventive solution

[0008] This object is achieved by a modular DC link circuit for a power converter. Furthermore, this object is a power converter and a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle solved by an inverter circuit.

highly inductive link and a second high-impedance connected in parallel thereto, low-inductance connection are connected. In each case, the first low-impedance highly inductive link and the second low, high inductive connection a smaller ohmic resistance and a larger inductance than each of the first high-impedance, low-inductance connection and the second high-resistance, low-inductance connection.

[0010] Modular in this context means that the DC link circuit of the power converter comprises a plurality of individual components, wherein the components, in particular to the intermediate circuit capacitors, DC link capacitor module and corresponding compounds are to be combined into a common intermediate circuit.

[0011] Under a low-impedance connection in particular is meant a compound which, in contrast to a high-impedance connection of a smaller resistance value. Preferably, however, the low-resistance connection between a resistance value of 10μΩ and 1Ω, whereas the high-resistance compound preferably has a resistance between 100Ω and having 10ΜΩ.

[0012] Under a low-inductance connection, in particular, is a compound which, in contrast to a highly inductive connection has a smaller inductance value. Preferably, however, the low-inductance connection between an inductance and InH ΙΟΟμΗ, whereas the highly inductive compound is preferably an inductance between 10mH and having 10H.

[0013] In intermediate circuits of converters usually electrical capacitors are installed. At high currents and high power density of the inverter, a high current carrying capacity while low inductance can the intermediate circuit capacitor to be advantageous for the efficiency. A low effective series resistance (ESR) and a low effective series inductance (ESL) are requirements for good efficiency. A low-inductance connection of the DC link capacitor to the switching device can also lead to an increase in efficiency.

[0014] Since the modular DC link circuit for large current of several hundred can be designed to a thousand amperes, are formed inductances in the electrical conductors, which depend on the magnetic permeability of the conductor material, the line cross section and the size of the conductor loop. These inductances are parasitic and advantageously minimized. Specifically, the inductors are not incorporated wanted by, for example, a coil or the like in the DC link circuit.

[0015] In one embodiment, each connected a switching device in parallel with the intermediate circuit capacitor module or connected thereto. the switching devices are advantageous respectively associated with an intermediate circuit capacitor module and connected directly in parallel with this. Switching devices may include at least a first and a second DC connection comprise, so that they can be connected in parallel to the first and second terminal of the intermediate circuit capacitor module.

[0016] In one embodiment, the switching device has at least one or more AC connections. The switching device is operated such that a DC voltage between its DC terminals into AC voltage at its or their AC circuits is generated. The switching device may be operated in one embodiment according to both directions, that is, that an alternating voltage can be converted into a DC voltage.

[0017] Each intermediate circuit capacitor module comprises at least one capacitor. The capacitor acts as a link capacitor to a switching device. During a switching operation of the switching device the current changes in the capacitor. It is therefore part of the commutation. The intermediate circuit capacitor is called commutation.

[0018] In an operating state of a power converter having a modular DC circuit can abut a DC voltage, each of which feeds the switching devices between the first low resistance, highly inductive compound and the second low resistance, highly inductive connection. Typically, the switching devices on an AC output, an AC voltage is generated by a corresponding control of the switching devices of the DC voltage at the AC output.

[0019] In another operating state of a power converter having a modular DC link circuit may be between the first low resistance, highly inductive compound and the second low resistance, highly inductive connecting a DC voltage generated by the switching devices AC input having a and by appropriate control of the switching devices of the AC voltage, the DC voltage is generated at the AC input.

[0020] In one of these operating states affects the DC link circuit, which is associated with the respective switching device as an electric buffer, and in particular the intermediate circuit capacitor as an electric buffer. The capacitance and voltage class of the intermediate circuit capacitor module, respectively the intermediate circuit capacitor must, therefore, be adapted to the possible voltages and currents in an operating state of the power converter.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the voltage between the first terminal of the intermediate circuit capacitor module and the second terminal of a DC link capacitor module in an operating condition at least Lkv or at least 3 kV. The DC link circuit is therefore designed an intermediate circuit capacitor module of at least 3kV Lkv or at least for voltages between the first terminal of the intermediate circuit capacitor module and the second port.

[0022] Each link capacitor module has at least one intermediate circuit capacitor. In addition, the intermediate circuit capacitor module may have more, typically in parallel to the first intermediate circuit capacitor, capacitors. Typical capacity of the intermediate circuit capacitor module are in the range of several hundred microfarads to more than 1000 microfarads, and can be selected depending on the voltage in the intermediate circuit. For example, the capacitance at 400μΡ for 3,6kV, wherein 700μΡ for 2.8kV, 1.8kV for at 1600μΡ or 9000μΡ may be at 750V. These discrete values ​​are merely given by the typical targets in the manufacture of capacitors and not limited thereto. The total capacity is given by one or more parallel connected capacitors in the intermediate circuit capacitor module.

[0023] According to one embodiment, at least one of the intermediate circuit capacitor modules in addition a second intermediate circuit capacitor which is connected in parallel to the first intermediate circuit capacitor. In particular, several or all of the intermediate circuit capacitor modules can additionally include a second intermediate circuit capacitor. Different intermediate circuit capacitors may be used and combined in the circuit.

[0024] According to one embodiment has the intermediate circuit capacitor module, a self-inductance (ESL) of less than 100nH or less than 50nH.

to be [0025] The inductances of the respective first terminals and second terminals of the intermediate circuit capacitor modules are provided, each connected in parallel to a switching device, will be determined inter alia by the length of the electric lines or the sizes of the resulting conductor loops. The larger the conductor loops, the greater the inductance. The DC link capacitor modules should therefore be spatially connected as close as possible to the respective switching device.

[0026] In one embodiment is provided for each intermediate circuit capacitor module comprises at least a switching device that can be connected in parallel to the terminals of the respective intermediate circuit capacitor module. Especially groups of parallel-connected switching devices can be connected in parallel to the terminals of the respective intermediate circuit capacitor module. The groups of switching devices can be connected, for example, a full-bridge or half-bridge.

[0027] According to one embodiment are disposed the groups of switching devices in a power stage module. The power phase module can be used in a modular inverter for converting direct current into alternating current or alternating current into direct current. In the converter a plurality of power phase modules can be operated from one another in parallel, independent or dependent. The power stage modules are a compact design and can be arranged in modular inverter space saving side by side. the power phase module is interchangeable beneficial.

[0028] According to one embodiment is associated with each power phase module exactly one intermediate circuit capacitor module and vice versa. This also means that each switching device is assigned to an intermediate circuit capacitor module.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the switching device comprises at least one of the following electronic components on: diode, power MOSFET, and IGBT. In particular, groups may have a plurality of switching devices diode or IGBT half-bridge or -Vollbrücken.

[0030] In the conversion of direct voltage into alternating voltage, the switching device produced in accordance with one embodiment, a frequency or is a frequency before, with the direct current is converted into an alternating current at this same frequency. The switching device may to a controller, in particular a gate control, have or be connected to a controller. According to one embodiment, the power stage module, in particular the switching device, one or more terminals of a controller for controlling the one or more switching devices. The control can via electrical signals, for example through copper wires or optical signals, for example via optical fibers, take place.

[0031] The low impedance, high inductive connection, have a higher inductance than the high-impedance, low-inductance connection. According to one embodiment the inductor substantially by the size of the conductor loop at high voltages and currents, and by the conductivity and the cross section of the conductor is determined. The size of the conductor loop is determined by the mechanical implementation of the modular DC link circuit.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the first low resistance, highly inductive connections and the second low resistance, highly inductive connections higher by at least a factor of 2 or factor of at least 5 inductance than the first high-resistance, low inductance connections and the second high-resistance, low inductance connections.

[0033] According to one embodiment, the inductances and ohmic resistances of the first high-resistance, low inductance connections and the second high-resistance, low inductance connections are substantially identical. Likewise, the inductances and ohmic resistances of the first low resistance, highly inductive connections and the second low resistance, highly inductive links are substantially identical. Advantageously, therefore, the modular DC circuit has a symmetry.

[0034] The modular structure of the modular circuit DC are more identical or nearly identical intermediate circuit capacitor modules, parallel to each other and connected in a chain, can be connected. According to one embodiment, the modular DC circuit three intermediate circuit capacitor modules and the three intermediate circuit capacitor modules are connected in parallel and a chain. The modular DC link circuit may be extended by a further link capacitor modules in addition.

[0035] According to one embodiment forms the modular DC link circuit includes a ladder. Here, the chain ladder connected in a chain identical four-pole is composed and a quadrupole corresponds to a module of the DC circuit. One possible equivalent circuit diagram of the four-pole is formed by a switched to low impedance in series quadrupole, hochinduktives RL-member and a thereto connected in parallel with high-impedance, low-inductance RL-member, and a four-pole to the parallel-connected C-member. The C-member is formed by the intermediate circuit capacitor module. The low impedance, high inductive element RL is determined by the first and second low-impedance highly inductive link; and the high-resistance, low inductance RL-member is formed by the first and the second high-resistance, low inductance connections.

[0036] Alternatively, the modules may indeed in their structure have identical but the individual components may be different respective impedances.

[0037] The equivalent circuit diagram of the four-pole can as a passive low-pass 2nd order from a first switched to the quadrupole in series RL-member and one to the quadrupole parallel-connected C-member with a second additional RL-member parallel to the first RL gate is connected will be described. DC and low-frequency current components flowing through the low-resistance, high-induction RL gate and high-frequency current components flowing through the high-resistance, low inductance gate RL. Due to the ohmic resistance of the high-frequency current components are advantageously damped.

[0038] In one embodiment, the resistance of the low resistance, highly inductive connection can be neglected. The equivalent circuit diagram of the quadripole corresponds to an LC resonant circuit having one to the L-member parallel RL additional element. By the impressed currents of the switching devices (ie, to the intermediate circuit capacitor module) connected in parallel to the C-element, oscillating currents are excited. Through these harmonic currents, the rms value of the current increases in the DC link capacitors. By a parallel connection of the first high-impedance, low-inductance connection and the second high-impedance, low-inductance connecting member is an RL with increased ohmic resistance

additionally connected in parallel to the L-member of the LC resonant circuit. The oscillation is thereby damped.

[0039] A module of the DC circuit is an LC resonant circuit with a parallel RL-member for L-member since if the ohmic resistance of the low resistance, highly inductive connection is negligible. Optimal an LC resonant circuit would be attenuated by an R-member parallel to the L-member. This is not possible in practice because of each R-element also does not have in reality a negligible inductance L due to the mechanical distances and the associated conductor loop at high currents. The attenuation of a LC resonant circuit with an additional ohmic resistance is in parallel with the L-member is a flat optimum at R opt = jL / C.

[0040] flow While direct current and the low-traffic AC component by the low-impedance, high-induction agents are higher traffic AC components passed through but afflicted with less inductance with higher ohmic resistance low inductance, high-resistance connections between the intermediate circuit capacitor modules and attenuated thereby. This reduces the unused advantageous RMS current in the low resistance, highly inductive connections and in the intermediate circuit capacitors.

[0041] Since the DC link circuit for very high currents is adapted to the arrangement without the second element RL would be very weakly damped CLCL chain ladder LC resonant circuits. By impressed currents of the switching devices harmonic currents are excited and the effective value of the current in the DC link capacitors increases. By a parallel connection of the second RL-member high-frequency oscillating currents are attenuated. The attenuation is frequency dependent and results from the values ​​of the inductance and the capacitance of the LC resonant circuit.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the low-inductance high-impedance connection to the optimum of the damping, ie at Ropt the ohmic resistance = ^ L / C and the inductance L of the low resistance, highly inductive connection and the capacitance C adapted to the intermediate circuit capacitor modules, and in particular is the ohmic resistance of the low-inductance high-impedance connection in the region of 0.1 ■ R ovt to 10 ■ R ovt .

[0043] For example, in a capacitance of the intermediate circuit capacitor module of 1000μΡ and an inductance of the low-impedance, high-induction compounds of 25nH the optimum of the ohmic resistance R opt at 5mq for optimum damping. The selected ohmic resistance can then advantageously be in the range of 0,5mQ to 50mq. In this capacity, the frequencies to be damped are in the range between 5 kHz and 25 kHz.

[0044] In the event of a short circuit in a power phase module, in particular in one of the switching devices, is the one or more capacitors of the associated link capacitor module can empty quickly. The other capacitors surrounding intermediate circuit capacitor modules feed one on the low, highly inductive connections and low-inductance, high-impedance connections to the short circuit. The low inductance, high-resistance connections between the intermediate circuit capacitor modules cause by their ohmic resistance, a rapid decay of the vibrations caused by the short circuit. A large part of the short-circuit energy is converted into the low-inductance high-impedance connections into heat and thus rendered harmless. The other power phase modules, in particular, the other switching devices and the intermediate circuit capacitor modules can thereby be protected from destruction. the modular DC circuit is therefore advantageous surge current resistant.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the modular intermediate loop circuit are the terminals of adjacent first intermediate circuit capacitor modules each connected via a third low-impedance, high-induction connection, and the second terminals of adjacent intermediate circuit capacitor modules each connected via a fourth low-impedance highly inductive connection. The current then flows in the first and third low-resistance, high inductive connection in the same direction. Analog the current flows in the second and fourth low-impedance highly inductive connection in the same direction. Thus, the inductance of the loop can be reduced, have two opposite current directions are close to each other out.

[0046] According to one embodiment may be adapted to the modular DC circuit that is respectively led to each low-impedance, high-induction, another compound corresponding low, highly inductive connections with opposite current direction. By spatially close to each other guiding both

Current directions are minimized effectively you size the conductor loops. This decreases the inductance and the inverter is more efficient.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the first and the second low, high inductive compound, and the third and fourth spatially close to the low resistance, high inductance connection and in parts in parallel. Interchangeably, the first and fourth low-impedance highly inductive connection and the second and third low-resistance, high inductive connection spatially close and are in parts in parallel can. In particular, spatially close means and in parts parallel that no further current-carrying conductor is disposed between the conductors.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the modular DC circuit, the first terminals of adjacent modules intermediate circuit capacitor via a third high-impedance, low-inductance connection are, and the second terminals of adjacent modules intermediate circuit capacitor via a fourth high-impedance, low-inductance connection connected. Alternatively, two of the high-resistance, low inductance connections can be designed as a common connection. They then have double the ohmic resistance of the other two high-resistance, low inductance connections.

[0049] Thus, the inductance of the conductor can be reduced, have two opposite current directions are close to each other out. Preferably, the high-resistance, low inductance connections are arranged in parts in parallel and alternating with the current direction; or the compound together executed is disposed spatially between the other two. In particular, no additional current-carrying conductor is disposed between the conductors.

[0050] In one embodiment, the intermediate circuit capacitor module comprises a third terminal and a fourth terminal. The intermediate circuit capacitor module can also further connections, for example as the blade contacts, have. Multiple connections can reduce the Terminal inductance. the terminals are formed advantageous in that they essentially have identical impedances, so that a symmetrical flow of current is possible in the intermediate circuit capacitor module from all terminals. The capacitors in the intermediate circuit capacitor module are then connected, for example, parallel to the terminal pairs.

[0051] According to one embodiment, each intermediate circuit capacitor module, in addition to a third terminal and a fourth terminal, and the third terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules are in each case via a third low-impedance highly inductive connection and the fourth terminals of the immediately in the chain in each case successive intermediate circuit capacitor modules are connected to a fourth low resistance, highly inductive connection via respectively.

[0052] According to one embodiment, each intermediate circuit capacitor module, in addition to a third terminal and a fourth terminal, and the third terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules are each successive via a respective third high-impedance, low-inductance connection and the fourth terminals of the immediately in the chain intermediate circuit capacitor modules are connected to a fourth high-impedance, low-inductance connection via respectively.

[0053] According to one embodiment, the third ports and the fourth terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules through two parallel circuits connected, besides, the third high-resistance, low inductance connections are namely connected in parallel with the third low resistance, highly inductive connections; and the fourth high-resistance, low inductance connections are connected in parallel to the fourth low-impedance, high-induction compounds.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the double ladder as described above and such a spatially distinct that a symmetry so formed that current-carrying conductor opposite current directions are immediately adjacent.

[0055] It is further proposed an inverter circuit with a modular DC link circuit of the above-described embodiments. The converter circuit has at least two or more switching devices, with at least in each case one DC terminal pair, and at least a respective first AC terminal, wherein each switching device is assigned to an intermediate circuit capacitor module and the DC terminal pair of each switching device is connected in parallel to the associated intermediate circuit capacitor module.

[0056] The converter may include one or more groups of switching devices exhibit. The groups of switching devices comprise at least one AC output, and each group of switching devices is assigned to one link capacitor module and connected in parallel to this. The DC terminals of the switching devices are then, for example, combined into a common DC connection.

[0057] In one embodiment, the converter circuit configured such that an electric current of a DC terminal pair can flow to an AC terminal of a switching device in an operating condition of the converter circuit of at least 500 A, or at least 1000A.

[0058] With the alternating current produced by the inverter, an electric motor for example, can be driven for driving the vehicle. Also, the board can be powered with electricity. The frequency and voltage on the AC or the outputs can be adapted to the use in the vehicle.

[0059] Further, a power converter, in particular an electric motor or a dynamo connected with proposed an inverter circuit, at least one AC-circuit is connected to a switching device of the power converter.

[0060] A power converter can act as a dynamo, for example, during a braking operation with a regenerative brake. The electrical energy is then generated by the dynamo and from the mechanical energy supplied to the inverter. This converts the alternating current into a direct current.

[0061] Further, a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, conversely proposed with an energy converter, particularly a traction motor for converting electrical energy into kinetic energy or. In addition to the traction motor and a regenerative brake for example, can be used as a dynamo. The energy converter is connected in the inverter circuit in such a way that the energy converter is connected to at least one of the first AC terminals of the switching devices.

[0062] As the rail vehicles in particular trains, subways viewed, metros, trams, high speed trains, or the like.

[0063] The modular DC circuit can be realized by at least one switching device is integrated in a power phase module in each case.

[0064] According to another aspect there is provided a power phase module in which these embodiments can be realized.

characters

[0065] The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments and together with the description, explain the principles of the invention. The elements of the drawings are relative to each other and not necessarily to scale. Like numerals designate similar parts.

[0066] Figure 1 shows a power phase module according to an embodiment.

[0067] Figure 2 shows the power stage module according to the embodiment of Figure 1, wherein a transverse bridge is removed.

[0068] Figure 3 shows the power stage module according to the embodiment of Figure 1 with attached intermediate circuit capacitor module.

[0069] Figure 4 shows a converter according to an embodiment.

[0070] Figure 5 shows a detailed view of bus bars according to an embodiment.

[0071] Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the arrangement of the inverter.

[0072] Figure 7 shows a modular DC link circuit according to an embodiment.

[0073] Figure 8 shows a simplified modular DC link circuit according to an embodiment.

[0074] Figure 9 shows a modular DC link circuit for a power converter with 8 modules.

[0075] Figure 10 shows a rail vehicle according to one embodiment.

embodiments

[0076] In Figure 1, an embodiment of a power stage module 10 is shown. The power stage module 10 has approximately the shape of a flattened cuboid with two large sides and four small-area sides. The small-area sites can be front sides of the power phase module 10th a first DC terminal pair 14 and a second DC terminal pair 20 are arranged on an end face 12 of the power stage module 10th Furthermore, a first DC-capacitor terminal pair 15 and a second DC capacitor terminal pair 21 are arranged on the end face 12th

[0077] On another side, in this case, the opposite end face 11 of the power stage module 10 is disposed a first AC terminal. 13 A second AC terminal 22 is also disposed on the opposite end face. 11

[0078] A first switching device 16 is connected to the first DC terminal pair 14 and the first AC terminal. 13 The switching device 16 is disposed on a cooling device 17, so that the cooling device 17 can dissipate heat generated from the switching device 16 and from the power stage module 10th

[0079] The power stage module 10 further includes a second switching device 23, the first to the DC terminal pair is connected to a second AC terminal 14 22nd It is disposed adjacent to the first switching device 16 on the cooling device 17th The two switching devices 16, 23 are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the end face.

[0080] The DC-capacitor terminal pairs 15, 21 are side by side and arranged between the two DC terminal pairs 14, 20th The DC-capacitor terminal pairs 15, 21 and the DC terminal pairs 14, 20 are arranged in a plane and in a row.

[0081] The DC-capacitor terminal pairs 15, 21 and the DC terminal pairs 14, 20 each have a first port 14a, 15a, 20a, 21a and second terminals 14b, 15b, 20b, 21b. Connecting elements are arranged in or at the terminals. The first terminals 14a, 15a, 20a, 21a are connected to each other through a first transverse bridge 18th The second terminals 14b, 15b, 20b, 21b are connected to each other through a second transverse bridge 19th Details of the second cross bridge 19 are hidden in FIG. 1 These are illustrated in Figure 2, which shows an embodiment of the power stage module 10 is shown in which no second cross bridge 19th

[0082] The first terminals 14a, 15a, 20a, 21a are integrally formed with the first transverse bridge 18th The first cross-bridge 18 has a metal sheet. Angled portions of the metal sheets forming the first terminals 14a, 15a, 20a, 21a for connection to bus bars. The connecting elements are designed as boreholes for example, a screw connection. The first terminals 14a, 15a, 20a, 21a may also be composed of several parts that multiple pieces. Analogous but not necessarily identical in one embodiment, for the second cross bridge 19 and the second terminals 14b 15b 20b 21b applies,,,. The first cross bridge 18 and the second transverse bridge 19 may be designed differently and differ, for example, by a one-piece, by different materials or coatings.

[0083] The first transverse bridge 18 connects the first port 14a of the first DC terminal pair 14 with the first switching device 16. The second transverse bridge 19 connects the second port 14b of the first DC terminal pair 14 with the first switching device 16. Thereby, flowing of the direct current from the first DC terminal pair 14 via the cross-bridges 18, 19 in the switching device 16 and is converted there. The alternating current produced can be tapped at the first AC connection. 13 Conversely, an alternating current can be converted into a direct current.

[0084] The first and second cross bridge 18, 19 extend immediately adjacent and parallel sections. They are spatially close together and electrically insulated from one another and designed for high voltages of more than 500V, in particular about 600V and 4500V voltage between, and high currents exceeding 100 A, in particular for currents from 100A to 1000A. For example, the current in a dual switch module at 500A and at a single switch module at 800A may be. By a maximum power in an operational state, the applied voltage can limit the current flow.

[0085] A cross-bridge 18, 19 in this embodiment has a large-area sheet metal region and at least two angled portions thereof. About the

Transverse bridges 18, 19 flows in an operating state, a large current of several hundred amperes. The material and the thickness of the cross-bridges 18, 19 must therefore be adjusted according to this current load.

[0086] The large sheet metal area of ​​the cross-bridges 18, 19 may in

Substantially parallel to the large sides of the power stage module. The

Transverse bridges 18, 19 can therefore transversely, ie substantially perpendicular, be disposed to the course of the connected busbars.

[0087] For example, the power stage module, the cooling device 17 on or along one of the large sides to be arranged or if the latter. The switching device 16 may be disposed on the cooling device 17th The cooling device 17 may be on one side of the switching device 16 and the cross-bridges 18, 19 can be arranged on an opposite side to the switching device sixteenth

[0088] The switching devices 16, 23 have in this embodiment a dual-switching module, and are therefore with both the first transverse bridge 18 and connected to the second transverse bridge 19th Dual switching modules are electrically constructed as full-wave rectifier and can both potentials of the two transverse bridges 18, 19 convert the AC phase.

[0089] In an operating condition, each switching device 16, 23 independently of one another by a controller 24, in particular a gate control, be operated as a full-wave rectifier and an AC current to the respective AC terminal 13, generate 22nd The switching devices have in particular controllable semiconductor elements. These may be electrodes gate semiconductor devices having controllable. The controller 24 then controls the gate voltages at the gate electrodes and thereby the current flow through the semiconductor elements, and the switching device 16, 23. In particular, the semiconductor elements may be IGBTs and the controller includes the gate control 24 of the gates of the IGBTs.

[0090] The controller 24 may, according to an embodiment, be arranged on an opposite to the pairs of terminals of the power stage module end face, which can also be referred to as a second or rear end side.

[0091] According to one embodiment, the controller 24 mechanically from the cooling device 17 or the switching devices 16, 23 or both are supported.

[0092] The power stage module 10 in Figure 1 has two DC capacitor terminal pairs 15, 21 on. Here, the terminals 15a, 15b, 21a, 21b arranged in a row that, 21b are in an operating state, the two second terminals 15b at a potential and are enclosed from the outside of the first terminals 15a, 21a at a different potential. The result is a mirror symmetry of the connections and the potentials. In this embodiment, 20 receive the terminals of the two DC terminal pairs 14, the mirror symmetry as well. The first terminals 14a, 15a, 20a, 21a and second terminals 14b, 15b, 20b, 21b of the respective pair may be reversed also in each case with the corresponding connector. The mirror symmetry is maintained. The symmetry has the advantage is that the impedance at the terminals for both current directions are each identical or nearly identical. Thus, a more uniform current flow is possible.

[0093] The DC terminals 14a, 15a, 20a, 21a, 14b, 15b, 20b, 21b may, for mechanical fastening for connection to bus bars or to an intermediate circuit capacitor module connection elements for electrically connecting and / or fastening means. In this embodiment, holes are provided for insertion of a corresponding contact element and / or a fastener.

[0094] The connecting elements of the DC capacitor terminals 21, 15 can otherwise be configured as the connecting elements of the DC terminal pairs 14, 20th For example, hole sizes may vary or there may be different fasteners are used completely. The distance of the first port 14a, 15a, 20a, 21a to the second port 14b, 15b, 20b, 21b can at the one or more DC-capacitor terminal pairs 15, 21 also be of different size than the or the DC terminal pairs 14, 20 . the DC-capacitor terminal pairs 15, 21 are to connectors and the intermediate circuit capacitor module and the DC terminal pairs 14, 20 connected to bus bars.

[0095] The power stage module 10 know to a gate controller 24 in FIG. 1 The gate control 24 is connected to the switching devices 16, 23rd It controls the switching devices 16, 23 in such a way that a DC voltage present at the switching device 16 is converted into an AC voltage, or vice versa 23rd The switching device may, in particular, IGBTs with a controllable gate have.

[0096] The gate controller 24 specifies a frequency in which the switching devices 16, 23 are controlled so that an alternating voltage with the frequency corresponding to the respective AC outputs 13, is generated 22nd The frequencies and / or the voltage waveform of the AC outputs can be different. I nsbesondere the AC voltages can be coordinated so that different phase inputs of an electric motor with different AC outputs 13, can be fed 22nd

[0097] The cooling device 17 may have hydraulic connections for leading coolant into and out of the cooling device 17th The hydraulic connections are advantageously arranged at the end face 12, so that when a connection by a pushing of the power stage module 10 to the pairs of busbars and the intermediate circuit capacitor module also the cooling device is connected with its hydraulic connections to a coolant management system.

[0098] Figure 2 shows the embodiment of Figure 10 shows the power stage module of Figure 1 without the second cross bridge 19 and the first terminals 14b, 15b, 20b, 21b, the DC capacitor terminal pairs 15 ', 21' and the DC terminal pairs 14 ', 20 '.

[0099] I n Figure 1 face the second cross bridge 19, that the switching device 16 is connected to the first transverse bridge 18th Likewise, the switching device 16 is connected to its corresponding AC connection. 13

[00100] Figure 3 shows a power stage module 10 with attached intermediate circuit capacitor module 30. The DC link capacitor module 30 has four ports and is therefore connected to both the first DC-capacitor terminal pair 15 thus also to the second DC-capacitor terminal pair 21st

[00101] The switching devices 16, 23 are each provided with two contact points with the cross-bridges 18, contacted 19th Each switching device is constructed as a dual switch module and comprises two half-bridges, with each half-bridge is contacted with a contact point with the transverse bridges.

[00102] The intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 includes at least one capacitor, which is useful as an intermediate circuit capacitor. The cross bridges 18, 19 are together with the capacitor of the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 portion of the intermediate circuit in an operating state of the power module 10 and phase of the inverter.

Here, the intermediate circuit capacitor portion of the commutation circuit, so the circuit, changes in which during a switching operation of the switching device 16, 23 of the current. The intermediate circuit capacitor of the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 since her called commutation.

[00103] The electrical connection between the switching devices 16, 23 and the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 is low inductance. This is achieved by the compact design of the power phase module 10th The intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 is physically close to and thus low inductance connected to the switching devices 16, 23rd In addition, the cross-bridges 18, 19 to each other or arranged one above the other are na h. Characterized the current paths overlap each other in the cross-bridges 18, 19 between the switching device 16, 23, the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 and DC terminal pairs 14, 20 and the optimal I nduktivität phase of the power module 10 is reduced.

[00104] Figure 4 shows a converter according to an embodiment with two power phase modules 10, 10 *. For the sake of clarity, only two power stage modules 10, represented 10 *. There may be other power phase modules are arranged according to the orientation of the two shown next to the other. The power phase modules 10, 10 * are juxtaposed so that their end faces pointing in the same direction.

[00105] The DC terminal pairs are connected to pairs of busbars 31, 32 which extend beyond the ends of the power phase modules 10, 10 *. The pairs of busbars 31, 32 have a first bus bar 31a, a second bus bar 31b, a third bus bar 32a, and a fourth bus bar 32a. A detailed view of a pair of power rail 32 is shown in FIG. 5

[00106] Each power stage module 10, 10 * is an intermediate circuit capacitor module 30, assigned * 30 and each power phase module 10, 10 * is-capacitor terminal pairs DC with the associated intermediate circuit capacitor module 30, 30 * connected at its. I n the representation of Figure 4 is not visible 30 *, the second intermediate-circuit capacitor module, as it is located behind the power phase module 10 * on the end face. The connection is electrically and mechanically via connecting elements. The connecting elements with the corresponding contact elements are holes or nuts and bolts.

[00107] The pairs of busbars 31, 32 are substantially parallel zueinande r and so spaced from each other in that the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 can be placed between the conductor rail pairs 31, 32nd The terminals of the pairs of busbars 31, 32 and the terminals of the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 are then arranged in a plane and in a row, so that the output phase module are pushed with its end face forward in this plane and can be connected.

[00108] The inverter has pairs of connectors 33, 34th The first connector 33a, second connector 33b, the third connector 34a, and the fourth connector 34b connecting the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 with each other electrically. Depending on the number of terminals of the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 or the number of DC-capacitor terminal pairs of the power phase modules 10, 10 *, the number of the connectors 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b vary. Advantageously, the number of connectors 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b are identical, so that all terminals can be connected with the number of terminals of the DC capacitor terminal pairs. The connectors 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b connect the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 so that they are connected in parallel.

[00109] In the case of a converter with connectors 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b are in accordance with an embodiment, both the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30, 30 * ltet gescha parallel and the switching devices 16, 16 * in the power phase modules 10, 10 *. In addition to the parallel circuit by the connector 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b, the switching devices 16, 16 * and the DC link capacitor modules 30, 30 * by the current rails 31a, 31b, 32a, 32b and the cross-bridges 18, 19, 18 *, 19 * connected in parallel. This second parallel saddle ltung has a higher I nduktivität and a low ohmic resistance than those of the connectors 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b. Electrically, the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30, 30 * therefore one hand, two low-inductance, high-resistance connections and on the other hand, via two high-induction,

[00110] In one embodiment, the material of the connector 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b, a larger specific resistance than the material of the bus bars 31a, 31b, 32a, 32b. For example, the connectors 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b is substantially formed from a steel, and the bus bars 31a, 31b, 32a, 32b are substantially formed from copper or aluminum.

[00111] The connectors 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b are, for example, formed from a metal sheet. It may partially be composed so that when an expansion of an intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30, 30 *, the connectors 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b must be removed only at the junctions with the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30, 30 *.

[00112] Figure 5 shows a detailed view of a pair of busbars 32 with a first bus bar 32a and a second bus bar 32b. The bus bars are mechanically connected to each other by an insulation 35 and electrically insulated from each other. The insulation may be made of a solid material, for example from a plastic.

[00113] busbars may have to be attached to the connecting element of a DC terminal pair has a corresponding contact element 36th In this embodiment, the corresponding contact element is a pin with or without thread for fastening of for example a nut or a clamp on a DC terminal pair 14, 20th

[00114] Figure 6 shows a simplified schematic representation of the development of a modular inverter. For clarity, only the two power stage modules 10, drawn 10 *. Each power stage module 10, 10 * has a switching device 16, 16 * and a cooling device 17, 17 * on. AC connections or control devices are not shown in this illustration.

[00115] According to one embodiment, the power module comprises at least to a phase controller 24 for controlling the switching device 16, 23rd The control system is advantageously arranged at the other end face. 11 Specifically, the controller may be a gate controller 24, and controlling the switching device 16, be embodied 23 through gates into the semiconductor components.

[00116] The performance of phase modules 10, 10 * are in pairs of busbars 31 connected 32nd Between the current rail pairs 31, 32 are intermediate circuit capacitor modules (30), arranged 30 *. Each power phase module 10, 10 * is an intermediate circuit capacitor module (30), 30 * associated with but in this illustration is only one of the two intermediate circuit capacitor modules (30) 30 * recognizable. Another intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 ** is arranged so that another

could be placed above him power phase module with the same orientation of the two other power phase modules 10, 10 *.

[00117] The intermediate circuit capacitor modules are connected in parallel via connectors 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b. In addition, the intermediate circuit capacitor modules over the cross-bridges 18, 19, 18 *, 19 * and the current rail pairs 31, connected in parallel 32nd

[00118] Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the modular intermediate circuit circuit. It outlined three intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30th The switching devices 16 are connected in parallel to a respective intermediate circuit capacitor module 30th For clarity, only one of the switching devices 16 and only one of the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 is provided with reference numerals. The three switching devices 16 shown and the three intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 are identical in this embodiment. The intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 each have a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminals of each two directly consecutive in the chain link capacitor modules 30 via a first low-impedance, high-induction connection VL1 and a first high resistance,

[00119] Through the first low-impedance, high-induction connection VL1 and the second low-impedance, high-induction VL2 connecting the two respective immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules 30, and low impedance highly inductive in parallel. In addition, by the first high-impedance, low-inductance connection VRL, the second high-resistance, low-inductance connection and have a high impedance and low inductance connected in parallel VR2, the two respective immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules 30th

[00120] The I mpedanzen the first low resistance, highly inductive connection VL1 and the second low resistance, highly inductive connection VL2 are identical and the I mpedanzen the first high-impedance, low-inductance connection VR1 and the second high-impedance, low-inductance connection VR2 are identical. therefore, the modular DC link circuit has a symmetry which allows a symmetrical current flow in both current directions.

[00121] The intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 have in the embodiment of Figure 7 respectively on an intermediate circuit capacitor. The capacitors shown in the thus each forming an intermediate circuit capacitor module 30. Each intermediate circuit capacitor has a first terminal and a second terminal and the first terminal and the second terminal of the intermediate circuit capacitor also forms the first terminal and the second terminal of the intermediate circuit capacitor module. Alternatively, several buffer capacitors to form the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30th

This can be implemented [00122], the low resistance, highly inductive connections VL1, VL2 for example by parallel bus bars 30a, 30b and transverse bridges 18. I n one operating condition is a DC voltage U DC between the upper bus bar 30a and the lower bus bar 30b. This Gleichspa retr U DC feeds the switching devices 16, which generate by a control device, an alternating voltage. The associated DC link capacitors in the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 serve as electric latches and buffers. Between the first terminal and the second terminal of the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 is a voltage U ^ con. The circuit of the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 is parallel and in one chain to the applied between the first terminal and the second terminal of the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 DC voltage U ^ c .

[00123] The low impedance, high-induction compounds VL1, VL2 are shown by dotted lines and each contains three inductances and ohmic resistance. The high-resistance, low inductance connections VR1, VR2 are shown crossed lines and each containing an I nduktivität and an ohmic resistance. The ohmic resistance in the high-impedance low-inductance,

Compounds VRL, VR2 is in each case greater than the ohmic resistance in the low resistance, highly inductive connections VL1, VL2.

[00124] The drawn I nduktivitäten and the ohmic resistances in the Figure 7 are substantially determined by the sizes of the conductor loops, the conductivity of the conductor and the cross-section of the conductor. Since the inverter is designed as a power converter with high currents, the conductors m ust be adjusted accordingly. For example, the conductors forming the low-resistance, high-induction compounds VL1, VL2, a material having high conductivity, in particular copper or aluminum, and the conductors forming the high-resistance, low inductance connections VRL, VR2, have a material of lower conductivity, in particular steel on.

[00125] Figure 8 shows a simplified diagram of the circuit of Figure 7. The ohmic resistances of the low resistance, highly inductive connections VL1, VL2 and the high-resistance, low inductance connections I nduktivitäten VRL, VR2 are no longer located. I n practice, Head possible without ohmic resistance or without I nduktivität not, per se. The circuit is therefore to be understood by those skilled in such a way that the conductors are awarded either through their inductive properties or their ohmic properties essentially.

[00126] Since the DC link circuit for very high currents is adapted to the arrangement without the high-resistance, low inductance connections VRL, VR2 constitute a very weakly damped LC ladder would. I n the view in FIG 8 is the modular DC link circuit includes an LC ladder with an additional R-element parallel to the L-member. Here, the I nduktivität the high-resistance, low inductance connections VRL, VR2, and the ohmic resistance of the low resistance, highly inductive connections VL1, VL2 neglected. The L-member is L nduktivität by the I of the first low resistance, highly inductive connections VL1 and the second low resistance, highly inductive connections VL2 and the C element by the capacitance C of the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30 is formed, wherein the L-member and the C member has an LC resonant circuit form and the R-member is additionally connected in parallel to the L-member. The R-member is formed by the first high-impedance, low-inductance connection VRL and the second high-resistance, low-inductance connection VR2. Therefore, the ohmic resistance of the high resistance, low inductance connections VRL, VR2 connected such that it damps the oscillation of the LC resonant circuit.

[00127] In addition to the DC voltage U DC and DC voltage U ^ c are generated parasitic AC components through the switching device and the LC resonant circuit in the system. These AC components reduce the efficiency of the inverter and to be damped. For optimum damping of the LC resonant circuit of the ohmic resistance of the first high-resistance, low inductance connections VR1 and the second high-resistance, low inductance connections VR2 is in the range from 0.1 · R opt to 10 · R opt and R opt = hc / C with I L of the low nduktivität, highly inductive connections VL1, VL2 and the capacitance C of the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30th

[00128] The modular DC link circuit of Figures 7 and 8 may be extended in parallel and in a chain with the other intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 with appropriate switching to another intermediate circuit capacitor modules. I can nsbesondere a modular DC link circuit, for example 1 to 6 or 1 to 8 have intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30th All intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 within the chain are identical connected to its neighboring intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 with each other. Excluded from the two intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 are at the edges of the chain, as they have only one immediate neighbor.

[00129] I n Figure 8, the part of the circuit is located, which corresponds to a power stage module 10th Here, the switching device 16 and a part of the low-impedance, high-induction compounds VL1, VL2, namely the cross-bridges 18, part of the power stage module 10. The high-resistance, low inductance connections VR1, VR2 are not part of the power stage module. The power stage module 10 is also the bus bars 30a fitted 30b, thus forming the low-resistance, high-induction compounds VL1, VL2 with these and disposed in the power phase module 10 transverse bridges 18. The modular DC link circuit is thereby generated in this embodiment only to the power phase module 10th

[00130] Figure 9 shows an embodiment of the modular intermediate circuit circuit. There are shown eight modules. To overview no switching devices are located. These are each switchable in parallel with the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30th All intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 are connected in parallel and a chain. They have four ports. For a better overview numerals are still only drawn once. Each module of the DC link circuit includes identical components. [00131] In analogy to the figure 8 are not shown in the figure 9 ohmic resistances of the low resistance, highly inductive connections VL1, VL2, VL3, VL4, and I nduktivitäten the high-resistance, low inductance connections VRL, VR2, VR3, VR4.

[00132] I n the embodiment of Figure 9, each intermediate circuit capacitor module 30, two intermediate circuit capacitors. The intermediate circuit capacitors are connected between a first terminal and a second terminal, and between a third terminal and a fourth terminal of the intermediate circuit capacitor module 30th The second and the third port lie on the same potentia l and the first and the fourth terminal are at the same potential. Between the first and the second terminal, and between the third and the fourth terminal, is located in an operating state, a DC voltage U DC on. In contrast to this DC voltage, the two intermediate circuit capacitors connected in parallel.

[00133] The four terminals of the intermediate circuit capacitor modules are each connected via one of the low resistance, highly inductive connections VL1, VL2, VL3, VL4, and the high-resistance, low inductance connections VRL, VR2, VR3, VR4. Here, the first high-impedance, low-inductance connection Vrl are connected in parallel to the second high-impedance, low-inductance connection VR2, the first low-impedance, high-induction connection VL1 connected in parallel with the second low resistance, highly inductive connection VL2, the third high-resistance, low inductance connections VR3 parallel to the fourth high-impedance switched, low-inductance compounds VR4, and the third low resistance, highly inductive connections VL3 connected in parallel to the fourth low-impedance, high-induction compounds VL4.

[00134] I are nsbesondere the low four highly inductive connections VL1, VL2, VL3, VL4 separately from each other and substantially, namely by means of the components which dominate its electrical properties, disjoint from each other. Likewise, however, can similarly independent of the high-resistance, low inductance connections VRL, VR2, VR3, VR4 VL4 be separate from each other and substantially, namely, disjoint from each other on the basis of components which dominate its electrical properties.

[00135] A DC voltage U DC is situated respectively at between one of the bus bars 31a, 31b of the first pair of busbars 31 and one of the bus bars 32a, 32b of the second pair of busbars 32nd The DC voltage U DC fed into an operating state, wherein

said modular DC link circuit is used in a converter for generating an AC voltage not shown switching devices. At an AC output of the switching device, an AC voltage can be tapped. I n another operating state, the converter circuit may also be reversed generate a DC voltage from an AC voltage.

[00136] The modular DC link circuit in Figure 9 is constructed so as another current-carrying conductor that is arranged spatially adjacent to each current-carrying conductor, the current direction opposite to the first conductor. Thus, the size is minimized by conductor loops and I nduktivität reduced. The converter circuit can therefore be implemented just as geometrically in a converter. The part of the circuit of an inverter would correspond to a power stage module 10 is, as outlined in Figure 9, wherein the switching device is not shown.

[00137] Figure 10 shows a rail vehicle 100 according to an embodiment. The converter may in this case with an energy converter, particularly a traction motor, for converting electrical energy into kinetic energy or vice versa, may be connected such that the energy converter is connected to at least one of the first AC terminals of the switching devices. In addition to the traction motor and on-board electronics or regenerative braking an associated switching device can for example be connected to the converter via an AC connection.

[00138] The embodiments described above may be combined, for example, the intermediate circuit capacitor modules 30 of the figures 7 and 8 have also a plurality of intermediate circuit capacitors.

have been [00139] Although specific embodiments herein shown and described, it is within the scope of the present invention, suitable to modify the shown embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following claims are a first, not binding attempt to define the invention in general.

Claims

1. Modular DC link circuit for a power converter having at least two or more connected in a chain parallel

Intermediate circuit capacitor modules (30), each

Intermediate circuit capacitor module (30) having a first terminal, a second

has port and at least a first intermediate circuit capacitor which is electrically connected to the first terminal and the second terminal, wherein:

- the first terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules (30) are each connected via a first low-impedance highly inductive link (VL1) and a first high impedance connected in parallel thereto, low-inductance connection (VR1), and

- the second terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules (30) are each connected via a second low-impedance, high-induction compound (VL2), and a second high-impedance connected in parallel thereto, low-inductance connection (VR2).

2. Modular DC link circuit of claim 1, wherein the modular

comprises between loop circuit at least three parallel and in a chain-connected intermediate circuit capacitor modules (30).

3. Modular DC link circuit according to any preceding claim, wherein the first low, high-induction compounds (VL1) and the second low resistance, highly inductive connections (VL2) at least by a factor of 2, in particular by a factor of 5, higher inductance have when the first high-impedance , low inductance connections (VR1) and the second high-resistance, low inductance connections (VR2).

4. Modular DC link circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a modulus of the modular DC circuit can be described in an equivalent circuit diagram of four poles, the modules are connected as a ladder, and the equivalent circuit diagram of the four-pole by a switched to the quadrupole in series

low impedance, hochinduktives RL-member and a thereto connected in parallel with high-impedance, low-inductance RL-member, and a four-pole to the parallel-connected C-element is formed, wherein the C-member through the intermediate circuit capacitor module; the low-impedance, high-induction RL-member by the first and second low-impedance highly inductive link; and the high-resistance, low inductance RL member is formed by the first and the second high-resistance, low inductance connections.

5. Modular DC link circuit according to any preceding claim, wherein the ohmic resistance of the first high-impedance, low-inductance connection (VR1) and the second high-impedance, low-inductance connection (VR2) in the range of 0.1 ■ R opt to 10 ■ R opt is with R opt = hc / C with the inductance L of the first low resistance, highly inductive link (VL1) and the second low resistance, highly inductive compound (VL2) and the capacitance C of the

Link capacitor module.

6. Modular DC link circuit according to any preceding claim, wherein the DC link circuit for voltages between the first terminal of the intermediate circuit capacitor module (30) and the second terminal of a

is designed of at least Lkv or at least 3kV DC link capacitor module (30).

7. Modular DC link circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the intermediate circuit capacitor modules (30) further comprises a second intermediate circuit capacitor, the first parallel to the

Intermediate circuit capacitor is connected.

8. Modular DC link circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein

- the first terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules (30) via a third low-impedance, high-induction compound (VL3), respectively,

- the second terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules (30), a fourth low-impedance, high-induction compound (VL4) are connected via in each case.

9. Modular DC link circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein

- the first terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules (30) via a third high-impedance,

low-inductance connection (VR3) are connected, and

- the second terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules (30) via a fourth high-impedance,

low-inductance connection (VR4) are connected.

10. Modular DC link circuit according to any preceding claim, wherein each intermediate circuit capacitor module (30) further comprises a third terminal and a fourth terminal, and wherein

- the third terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules (30) via a third high-impedance,

low-inductance connection (VR3) are connected, and

- the fourth terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules (30) via a fourth high-impedance,

low-inductance connection (VR4) are connected.

11. Modular DC link circuit according to any preceding claim, wherein each intermediate circuit capacitor module (30) further comprises a third terminal and a fourth terminal, and wherein

- the third terminals via a third low-impedance, high-induction compound (VL3), and a third high-impedance connected in parallel thereto, are low-inductance connection (VR3) connected to the respective immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules (30) each,

- the fourth terminals of each immediately successive in the chain link capacitor modules (30), a fourth low-impedance, high-induction compound (VL4) and a fourth high-impedance connected in parallel thereto, low-inductance connection (VR4) are connected via in each case.

12. The converter circuit with a modular DC link circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least two or more

Switching devices (16), with at least in each case one DC terminal pair, and at least a respective first AC terminal, each switching device (16) is assigned to an intermediate circuit capacitor module (30) and the DC terminal pair of each switching device (16) parallel to the associated

Intermediate circuit capacitor module is connected (30).

13. The converter circuit of claim 12, wherein the inverter circuit in such a way

is designed so that an electric current of a DC terminal pair can flow to an AC terminal of a switching device (16) in an operating condition of at least 500 A, or at least 1000A.

14. Energy converter connected with a converter circuit according to any one of claims 12 or 13, wherein at least an AC circuit is a switching device (16) connected to the energy converter.

15. Vehicle, in particular rail vehicle (100) with an energy converter,

particularly a traction motor, vice versa for converting electrical energy into kinetic energy or connected in a converter circuit according to any one of claims 12 or 13 such that the energy converter is connected to at least one of the first AC terminals of the switching devices (16).