Molded body comprising elastane incorporated in cellulose and

production method

The invention relates to a regenerated cellulosic molded body and a method for producing the molded body.

The invention relates to the technical field of reuse (recycling), in particular the reuse of starting materials which contain cellulose. More particularly, the invention relates to a

Reusing these raw materials to make one

Shaped body which also contains cellulose, in particular where

Cellulose of the molded body is essentially in the form of lyocell fibers and / or viscose fibers.

Viscose fibers are chemical fibers or regenerated fibers that are produced using a wet spinning process called viscose. The starting raw material of the viscose process is cellulose, which is provided on the basis of wood. The high-purity cellulose in the form of chemical pulp is obtained from this raw material, wood. In

In successive process stages, the pulp is first treated with caustic soda, which forms alkali cellulose. In a subsequent

The reaction of this alkali cellulose with carbon disulfide forms cellulose xanthate. From this, the viscose spinning solution is generated by adding more sodium hydroxide solution, which is then fed into a spinneret through the holes of shower-like spinnerets

Spinning bath is pumped. A viscose filament is created there by coagulation per spinneret hole. The viscose filaments produced in this way are then cut into viscose staple fibers.

Lyocell is the name of a type of regenerated fiber containing cellulose that is produced using a direct solvent process. The cellulose is extracted from the raw material wood for the Lyocell process. The pulp obtained in this way can then be dissolved in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO), a solvent, by removing water without chemical modification, filtered and

are then pressed through spinnerets. The filaments formed in this way are precipitated after passing through an air gap in a bath with aqueous NMMO solution and then cut into staple fibers.

When using materials as raw materials for the extraction of

Cellulose often poses the problem of the purity of these starting materials. The starting materials are often contaminated with materials that are not typical of wood. In particular, today's old textiles (old clothes and / or leftovers from clothing production) are heavily contaminated with synthetic plastics. On the one hand, because they are largely made of plastics. On the other hand, however, because nowadays many old textiles, which are predominantly made of natural fibers, are at least partially contaminated with plastic. When processing these recycling materials (textile recycling), various undesirable foreign substances such as the synthetic plastics mentioned above arise when a material cycle is closed, which must be removed during the production of a fiber, so that the technical / physical properties are sufficiently similar to non-recycled fibers. Such foreign substances, in particular polyurethanes, are normally removed as completely as possible. In order to obtain cellulose that is as pure as possible, it is necessary to deplete these synthetic plastics. However, the depletion of polyurethanes (for example elastanes from elastic sportswear) is particularly expensive here.

Another problem with using recycled materials like

With regard to a lyocell and / or viscose process, used textiles consist in the fact that the celluloses recovered from used textiles typically have relatively short chain lengths. The recycled fibers then show others

Properties as non-recycled fibers, which is normally not desirable.

It is an object of the present invention to produce cellulose products with specific properties in a resource-saving and sustainable manner

to manufacture.

This task is carried out by the subjects according to the independent

Patent claims solved. Preferred refinements result from the dependent claims.

According to one aspect of the present invention is a regenerated

Cellulosic molding created which has elastane incorporated in the cellulose, and which is produced by a Lyocell process or a viscose process.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, a method for producing a molded body comprising cellulose is created, the method comprising: i) providing a starting material which comprises cellulose and elastane, in particular wherein the elastane is present in the starting material separately from the cellulose, the The starting material is a solid, and ii) producing the molded body containing cellulose, in particular by means of a lyocell process or a viscose process, based on the starting material in such a way that the regenerated cellulosic molding has at least part of the elastane of the starting material incorporated in the cellulose. Here, the part of the elastane is the starting material in the regenerated cellulosic

Shaped body incorporated.

In the context of this application, the term “cellulose” can in particular be understood to mean an organic compound which is a component of vegetable matter

Cell walls or can be produced synthetically. Cellulose is a

Polysaccharide (i.e. a polysaccharide). Cellulose is unbranched and typically has several hundred to tens of thousands of ß-D-glucose molecules (ß-1,4-glycosidic bond) or cellobiose units. Plants build cellulose fibers from cellulose molecules in a controlled manner. With a

technical process can form cellulose molecules

Regenerated fibers are stored together, for example as tear-resistant fibers.

In the context of this application, the term "molding"

in particular a two- or three-dimensional geometric body can be understood which is a result of a method for producing or recovering cellulose. In particular, a shaped body can be understood to mean a two- or three-dimensional object which has or consists of cellulose and is produced from dissolved cellulose. Shaped bodies can in particular be Lyocell shaped bodies, viscose shaped bodies or Modal shaped bodies. Typical molded bodies are filaments, fibers, sponges and / or films. In principle, all types of cellulose moldings are suitable for

Embodiments of the invention. Both as fibers

Endless filaments as well as cut staple fibers with conventional

Dimensions (for example, 38 mm length) and short fibers to be understood. Both methods are used for the production of fibers

Extraction devices after one or more extrusion nozzles as well as other processes, such as in particular melt-blowing processes, are possible. As an alternative to fibers, a cellulose-containing film can also be produced as the shaped body, ie a flat and essentially homogeneous film with or from cellulose. Foils can in particular be produced by setting the process parameters of a Lyocell process, at least in part, to initiate coagulation only after the filaments have hit a receiving surface. Films can be understood to mean flat cellulose molded bodies, the thickness of these films being adjustable (for example by selecting a number of serially arranged nozzle bars). Other embodiments of a molded body are a woven fabric and a fleece made of cellulose filaments or

Cellulose filaments ("melt blown"). Here, under a fabric

in particular a textile fabric made of at least two (preferably at right angles or almost at right angles) crossed thread systems (or

Fiber systems) are understood, with threads (or fibers) in the longitudinal direction as warp threads and threads (or fibers) in the transverse direction as weft threads

can be designated. A fleece or nonwoven can be referred to as a disordered structure (in particular in a random layer) made of filaments or fibers or cut yarns of limited length, which form a

Fiber layer or a fiber pile joined together and (in particular

frictionally) are connected to each other. A shaped body can also be created in the shape of a sphere. Particles containing cellulose, such as, in particular, beads (ie a granulate or globules) or flakes, which can be further processed in this form, can also be provided as molded bodies. Possible cellulose molded bodies are therefore also particulate structures such as granules, spherical powders or fibrids. A shaped body is preferably shaped by extrusion of a cellulose-containing spinning solution through an extrusion nozzle, since in this way large quantities of cellulose shaped bodies can be produced with a very uniform shape. Another possible cellulose molded body is a sponge or, more generally, a porous molded body.

Composite materials are used.

In the context of this application, the term “cellulose source” can be understood in particular as a medium (in particular a solid medium) which provides the cellulose material used for this purpose as a basis for producing a molded body containing cellulose during a corresponding production process. An example is wood or wood pulp.

can then be pressed through one or more spinnerets in the Lyocell process. Filaments formed as a result can during and / or after their free or

controlled falling through an air gap in a water-containing bath

(in particular in a bath with aqueous NMMO solution) and / or the air humidity in the air gap can be precipitated.

In the context of this application, the term “viscose process” can in particular include a process for producing cellulose according to a

Wet spinning processes are understood. The cellulose can be used for that

Viscose process from a raw material (especially wood or a

Wood pulp) containing this cellulose. In

successive process stages can be used in the viscose process

The starting material must first be treated with a base (for example with sodium hydroxide solution), whereby alkali cellulose is formed. When this alkali cellulose is then reacted with carbon disulfide, cellulose xanthate is formed. By adding a further base (especially sodium hydroxide)

a viscose spinning solution can be generated by one or more

Spinnerets can be pressed. In a spinning bath arise through

Coagulation of viscose filaments.

In the context of this application, the term “residues from a

Clothing manufacture "in particular rejects and / or offcuts

Cellulose comprising or consisting of textile or yarn are understood, these residues during a process for the production of

Clothing. In the manufacture of clothing, for example, a cellulose-containing textile is produced as the starting material, from which flat parts (for example in the form of a T-shirt half) are cut out. What remains are residues which, according to an exemplary embodiment, can be fed back to a method for producing a molded body comprising cellulose. Garment-making scraps can therefore be a cellulose-based or cellulose-based raw material that can be used to recover cellulose before a consumer has used the scraps as clothing or in some other way. Remnants from a clothing production can in particular be formed from essentially pure cellulose, in particular without separate and non-cellulose

foreign bodies (such as buttons, textile prints or seams).

In the context of this registration, the term "old clothes"

in particular items of clothing containing cellulose are to be understood which, when recovering at least part of the cellulose, have already been taken from a

Consumers have been used (especially worn). Used clothing can therefore be a cellulose-containing raw material, which can (but does not have to) contain significant amounts of foreign substances and can be used to recover cellulose after a

Consumer who has used old clothes as clothing or in any other way. Old clothes can in particular be formed from a mixture of cellulose and one or more foreign substances, in particular containing synthetic plastic (such as polyester and / or elastane) and / or separate foreign bodies not containing cellulose (such as, for example Buttons, textile prints or seams). Polyesters are understood to mean, in particular, polymers with ester functions (R - [- CO-0 -] - R) in their main chain. Polyesters include polycarbonates and polyethylene terephthalate. Elastane is particularly elastic

Understood chemical fiber with high elasticity. A block copolymer on which elastane is based can contain a mass fraction of at least 85% polyurethane.

In the context of this application, the term “synthetic plastic” can be understood to mean, in particular, a substance which is composed of macromolecules and is produced synthetically. The respective macromolecules of a plastic are polymers and are therefore made up of repeating basic units (repeat units). The size of the macromolecules of a polymer can vary from a few thousand to over a million basic units. For example, the polymer polyethylene (PE) consists of one another

connected, repeating ethylene units. The polymers here can be unbranched, branched or crosslinked molecules. In terms of their physical properties, plastics can in principle be divided into three groups: thermoplastics, thermosets and elastomers. Furthermore, these properties can also be combined in subgroups, for example at

thermoplastic elastomers. Important characteristics of plastics are their technical properties, such as malleability, hardness, elasticity, breaking strength, temperature and heat resistance and chemical resistance, which can be varied within wide limits by the choice of macromolecules, manufacturing processes and usually by adding additives. Typical

Reactions to produce synthetic plastic from monomers or prepolymers are: chain polymerization, polyaddition or polycondensation.

Examples of synthetic plastics, which are used in particular in textiles, are e.g. polyurethane (PUR), in particular in elastane,

Polyester (PE, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), polyamide (PA, e.g. nylon, Perlon) and polyether, especially polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a component of elastane.

In the context of this application, the term "elastane" can be understood in particular as a synthetic material which has thermoplastic and elastic properties. Elastane can therefore be referred to as a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). Elastane can be present as a block copolymer, which is characterized in particular by the following Both blocks are marked: Polyurethane (PUR) and polyethylene glycol ether (PEG). Here the PUR segments can form stiff sections, which alternate with soft, elastic (PEG) sections. PUR can form stiff, stretched sections that are attached to each other and enable the cohesion of a fiber, for example, by building up secondary valence forces, whereas the rubber-like PEG blocks (for example about 40 to 50 monomer units each) can be strong

are bundled together, but these can also be stretched. Here, elastane can be present as a crimped structure with very high extensibility (several 100%, e.g. 700%). The density can be, for example, between 1.1 and 1.3 g / cm 3 and the strength, for example, 5 to 12 cN / tex. The elasticity can be temperature-dependent. Furthermore, the term “elastane” can be understood to mean both elastane itself and related thermoplastic elastomers (for example Elastollan, Desmopan, Texin and Utechllan).

In the context of this application, the term "present separately" can in particular mean that a substance is not incorporated into another substance. For example, cellulose fibers are present in a starting material and elastane is also present in the starting material. The elastane can be incorporated into the cellulose fibers Furthermore, the elastane can also be incorporated

are separate from the cellulose fibers. In this case the elastane is part of the raw material, but is not integrated into the cellulose fibers.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, it has surprisingly been found that, through targeted control of

Residual concentrations in the context of reuse (including the

Recycling process, or the preparation of the starting material) new properties can be achieved in a (Lyocell) molded body to be produced or its subsequent textile products. This achieved

Functionalization of residual components from the starting material, which are based on thermoplastic elastomers such as elastane, allow

Surprisingly an efficient compensation of (negative)

Changes in properties, which can result in particular from the proportion of recycled cellulose fibers in a (Lyocell) molded body to be produced.

In particular, through a targeted proportion of residual polymers, in particular elastane, a compensation of the strength values ​​can be achieved, which up to now would have been significantly reduced by adding recycled (short-chain) cellulose. It is possible that the strength can be increased with a higher proportion of elastane and decreased with a higher proportion of recycled cellulose.

Surprisingly, elastane does not show any incompatibilities even in an atypically high concentration within a lyocell or viscose process. On the contrary, in interaction with cellulose, the hydrophilic PEG segments of the elastane can have a great affinity with the hydrophilic hydroxyl and ether structures of the cellulose. This is compounded by a strong tendency to form hydrogen bonds between the two polymers.

Elastane, which is incorporated in cellulose fibers, therefore does not show any

Intolerances. The elastane incorporated in cellulose fibers can thus contribute to the functionalization of the molded body to be produced. Such a functionalization of residual plastic components, in particular in a lyocell or viscose process, is not yet known. The extensibility or elasticity of a shaped body, in particular a fiber, can thus be increased by incorporating elastane.

According to one embodiment, the elastane can be processed and does not have to be separated in an expensive or laborious manner, but can be processed at the same time (e.g. in a lyocell / viscose process) and incorporated into fibers without further effort. There, the plastic does not have any negative properties, but even better fiber stretchability or elasticity.

In summary, the fact that actually undesired constituents of solid starting materials such as synthetic plastics, especially elastane, do not have to be elaborately depleted in the context of cellulose recycling, on the contrary, as an admixture, even positive properties and corresponding advantages such as an improved one

Can provide stretchability or elasticity.

Additional exemplary embodiments of the molded body and the method are described below.

According to one embodiment, the regenerated cellulosic

Molded body at least 0.01%, in particular at least 0.1%, further in particular 1%, polyurethane, at least 10% of the polyurethane being assigned to elastane. This has the advantage that polyurethane no longer has to be depleted particularly cleanly, which is technically quite possible

can be challenging.

Instead, polyurethane can remain in the starting material, which means that complex and costly depletion processes are no longer necessary. Because at least part of the polyurethane is assigned to elastane, additional advantages can be achieved, such as an improvement in the extensibility, the elasticity or the strength values ​​of the fibers to be produced.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the regenerated cellulosic molded body has 0.1% to 5% elastane. This has the advantage that otherwise unavoidable negative strength reductions can be compensated particularly efficiently when cellulose fibers are reused.

It was surprisingly found that up to about 5% elastane content in (Lyocell) molded articles (eg fibers) no significant negative change in the (fiber) properties can be determined. Instead, elasticity,

Elasticity and strength values ​​can be improved, which can be quite desirable.

According to a further embodiment, the regenerated cellulosic molded body also has at least one further synthetic plastic,

especially less than 2%, from the group which consists of

Polyester, polyamide, polyurethane and polyether. This has the advantage that the technically complex and cost-intensive depletion of another plastic is at least partially eliminated. Instead, the presence of at least one further synthetic plastic can even advantageously influence or control the properties of the fiber to be produced. A proportion of less than 2% can be particularly advantageous here in order to ensure good integration of a further synthetic plastic into the cellulose fibers.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, at least part of the further synthetic plastic has at least one compatibility, which is at least one from the group consisting of ester compatibility, amide compatibility and ether compatibility. This has the advantage that the at least one further synthetic plastic (for example one or more typical fiber polymers, in particular fiber polyesters) can be used and efficiently incorporated directly from starting materials such as textiles.

Compatibility can in particular mean that two chemical (functional) groups are compatible with one another. For example, there is a great affinity between hydrophilic PEG segments of elastane with

hydrophilic hydroxyl and ether structures of cellulose. In this case the elastane has a cellulose compatibility and the cellulose an ether compatibility. Compatibility can also be described as the integration of chemical groups with one another.

Small proportions (for example less than 2%) of polyamides and polyesters can be processed in the recycling process in order to achieve good integration. This is a clear advantage in a recycling process, since the at least partial removal of further synthetic polymers can be disproportionately complex. The above-mentioned other synthetic plastics can be found very frequently and widely in raw materials such as textiles. Therefore, the acceptance of small residual quantities makes a recycling process much easier.

Without being bound by a particular theory, that can be good

Integration behavior of the further synthetic plastic can be described by a compatibility between elastane, cellulose and further synthetic plastic such as polyamide or polyester. The polyurethane (PUR) component of elastane is of particular interest here, because PUR can

act as both polyester and polyamide at the same time. The

The repeat unit of PUR can be written as R1-NH-C0-0-R2, i.e. it has an ester bond (C0-0-R2) and an amide bond (Rl-NH-CO). As already described above, the PEG content in elastane, due to its typical ether structure, is responsible for good compatibility with the glycan ether bonds of cellulose. So there is a good one between the fabrics

Homogenization / mixing takes place. According to one exemplary embodiment, a corresponding integration process can additionally depend heavily on the temperature of the respective method. The compatibilities described can, for example, also be applied to the exemplary embodiments described below.

The amide compatibility of elastane can allow typical

Include fiber polyamides (e.g. PA6, PA6.6 or PA6.10) from raw materials such as textiles.

The ester compatibility of elastane can also make it possible to incorporate typical fiber polyester (eg PET) from raw materials such as textiles.

The ether structure of elastane can lead to a high degree of homogenization in a spinning solution before a spinning process in a lyocell or viscose process and thus to very good mixing. This is especially true at the chemical level, because the compatibility of the ether structure of elastane is very similar to the ether structure of cellulose.

According to a further embodiment, the further is synthetic

Plastic at least partially incorporated into the cellulose. This has the advantage that the other synthetic plastic, together with elastane, can also act directly within the fiber in order to advantageously influence its properties. For example, the strength of the fiber can be increased. Farther

the fibrillation effect can be reduced if the additional synthetic plastic also acts like a hot melt adhesive. Fibrillation can be understood to mean, in particular, the locally limited splitting off of fibrillary elements along the fiber axis. This is particularly the case with a simultaneous effect of mechanics and moisture on the fiber.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the regenerated cellulosic molded body has at least one of the features described below.

The regenerated cellulosic molded body is selected from the group comprising a filament, fibers, a film, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, a

(Micro) ball, beads and a sponge.

The regenerated cellulosic molded body has a fiber extensibility which is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, higher than the fiber extensibility of a conventional lyocell fiber. With regard to the fiber extensibility of the regenerated cellulosic molding, it was found that this increases by up to 20% (depending on the elastane content) compared to a standard Lyocell fiber.

The regenerated cellulosic molded body has strength values ​​of a conventional Lyocell fiber. Average fiber data for a common lyocell fiber (e.g. TENCEL ® ) can be as follows. Maximum tensile strength conditioned (FFk): 40.2 cN / dtex; Maximum tensile force wet (FFn): 37.5 cN / dtex, maximum tensile force elongation conditioned (FDk): 13.0%, maximum tensile force elongation wet (FDn): 18.4%

(Source: Lenzinger Reports 87 (2009) 98-105, Table 1). Maximum tensile force (FFk) can therefore be in the range 35 to 45 cN / dtex, in particular 38 to 42 cN / dtex, maximum tensile force wet (FFn) in the range 32 to 42 cN / dtex, in particular 35 to 40 cN / dtex. Maximum force elongation (FDk) can be in the range 10 to 15% and maximum tensile force wet (FDn) in the range 16 to 20%.

According to one embodiment, the proportion of synthetic plastic (elastane, optionally with additional proportions of, for example, PET, PUR and PA) can be present in a certain concentration. This can lead to a particularly homogeneous distribution in a spinning solution, so that the plastic is finely distributed evenly in the spinning process in the (Lyocell) molded body to be produced. In this way, specific fiber properties can be controlled or influenced accordingly.

The regenerated cellulosic molded body also has a reduced tendency to fibrillation compared to a conventional lyocell fiber. The

astonishingly such a lower tendency to fibrillation can be explained by the fact that integrated residual plastics such as elastane support the sliding of the individual crystalline cellulose strands in the sense of a separating (at least partially amorphous) sliding layer and additionally the

Control transverse adhesion under the cellulose strands. This can have the effect that the delamination typical of fibrillation is correspondingly inhibited.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the regenerated cellulosic molded body has a proportion of synthetic plastic, at least 0.1% of which comes from the starting material. This has the advantage that the molded body can be produced in a particularly resource-saving manner. The synthetic one

Plastic in the molded body can come completely or at least partially from the starting material. This means that essentially no additional plastic is required. Furthermore, it is also possible, at least in part, to dispense with an expensive depletion of the plastic from the starting material.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the starting material can include all or part of leftovers from clothing production and / or old clothing (for example mixed textiles). In other words, textiles, in particular leftovers from clothing manufacture and / or old clothes, can be used as at least part of the starting material. That is particularly preferred

Use of leftovers from clothing production, since such offcuts or rejects often have a very high cellulose content and thus a high degree of purity. In particular, such a pre-consumer textile can be free from foreign bodies such as buttons, seams or textile printing. For example, residues from clothing production can essentially comprise woven (and optionally dyed) cellulose, so that such residues can, if necessary, also be converted directly into solution in order to be converted therefrom by means of the lyocell

Process to recover cellulose. In the case of old clothes or post-consumer textiles, larger foreign objects such as buttons, prints and seams can be removed during or after mechanical shredding. Other foreign matter from the leftovers or old clothes, such as paints and synthetic plastics (such as polyester and elastane), may be removed before loosening one

corresponding starting material for forming the dope or the spinning solution can be completely or partially removed, but can also remain completely or partially in the spinning solution.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the method further comprises: i) dissolving the starting material in a solvent by means of a

Direct dissolution process, in particular in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide, NMMO to obtain a spinning solution, and ii) extruding the spinning solution through

Spinneret openings, in particular at less than 150 ° C., in such a way that at least partial incorporation of synthetic plastic, in particular elastane, into the cellulose is made possible. This has the advantage that a tried and tested and established process can be used directly in order to implement a particularly efficient integration of synthetic plastic in cellulose.

In principle, plastics can be used to improve the strength of fibers. Here, however, temperatures of at least 250 ° C are for

Melting the plastic, in particular a thermoplastic plastic, is necessary. In the context of a lyocell or viscose process, however, during the extrusion of spinning solution through spinneret openings, there is mechanical stretching and, associated therewith, very strong deformation in the longitudinal direction. The massive one achieved by the spinning process

Longitudinal orientation can also be transferred to elastane and other synthetic plastics that are in the spinning solution. The elongated parts, in particular the PEG part of elastane, thus represent a good basis for embedding cellulose, which is also in the spinning solution and precipitates essentially at the same time as the synthetic one

Plastic. In this way, plastics can be efficiently integrated into fibers at a temperature below 150 ° C (temperature in the Lyocell process). Here the synthetic plastic, especially elastane,

processable, and does not have to be separated in a costly / laborious manner, but can also be processed without further effort, in a Lyocell process, and incorporated into the fiber. There, the plastic does not have any negative properties, but even better fiber stretchability or elasticity.

Controlled processing of the starting material (s) ensures that other synthetic plastics such as PUR, PA, PET, PE remain in a suitable concentration in a lyocell or viscose process. With a suitable concentration, the plastic components in the spinning solution can behave similarly to a composite fiber-thermoplastic system.

In a higher temperature range is at the same time, with appropriate

Elastane content in the cellulose fiber, the thermoplastic effect of elastane can be used. Figuratively speaking, this leads to a certain controllable stickiness in the interior of the fiber, which can be used accordingly for thermoplastic adhesive effects.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the method also has:

Feeding into the spinning solution of at least one substance from the group consisting of cellulose fibers, foreign materials, hemicellulose, cellulose and cellulose fibers with a short chain length. This has the advantage that properties of the shaped body to be produced can be controlled or influenced in a targeted manner.

Cellulose-reinforced Lyocell fibers can be produced in the context of a Lyocell process in that, in addition to the saturation with cellulose, an excess of cellulose fibers remains in the spinning solution in the NMMO-water mixture and is spun together. This can be an additional

Improve the strength of the resulting Lyocell fiber through the effect of “fiber reinforcement in the fiber”

Textiles are caused to compensate. In this way, for example i) foreign components which are hardly soluble in NMMO and which are already present as fibers in old textiles can also be used;

ii) firmness-reducing other sugars such as hemicellulose are incorporated; and

iii) Cellulose fiber fractions with short chain lengths are used in larger quantities.

As a result, foreign fibers and foreign materials can also be incorporated into the Lyocell fiber, which do not have any reinforcing properties, but rather reduce strength.

Normally, for example, short chain lengths lead to a reduction in strength. Through the aforementioned compensation through elastics and optional others

Synthetic plastics can despite a high proportion of short-chain

Cellulose thereby a strength again close to the values ​​of a non-

recycled cellulose fiber can be achieved. Especially the multiple

Going through a material cycle causes a fundamental reduction in chain lengths. Thereby external influences (sun, washing, aging, chemicals) in the context of the previous manufacturing, use and

Disposal cycle corresponding cellulose chains broken, which can generally lead to shorter chain lengths in a molded body to be produced.

The term "hemicellulose" can be understood here as a collective term for mixtures of polysaccharides (multiple sugars) in variable composition that occur in plant biomass. The most common monomers (monosaccharides, simple sugars) are pentoses, for example xylose and mannose.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the starting material has at least one further synthetic plastic from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, polyurethane and polyether. This has the advantage that the technically complex and cost-intensive depletion of another plastic is at least partially eliminated. Instead, the presence of at least one further synthetic plastic can even advantageously influence or control the properties of the fiber to be produced.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the method also has:

at least partially retaining a first additional synthetic

Plastic, in particular one from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, and polyether, of the starting material for producing the molded body containing cellulose in such a way that the first additional synthetic

Plastic is essentially contained in the molded body comprising cellulose. This also has the advantage that the technically complex and

cost-intensive depletion of another plastic is at least partially eliminated. Instead, the presence of at least one other

synthetic plastic even influence or control the properties of the fiber to be produced in an advantageous manner.

Additionally or alternatively, the method further comprises: removing, in particular complete removal, further in particular selective removal (selective depletion), of a second additional synthetic plastic, in particular one from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide and polyether, from the starting material in such a way that the second additional synthetic

Plastic is essentially not included in the molded body comprising cellulose. This has the advantage that the desired proportions of

Plastics, such as PET and PUR, can be adjusted particularly well (specifically). Here, the first and the second can also be synthetic

Plastic will be the same. The first and the second additional synthetic plastic can also be different.

A correspondingly produced recycled (Lyocell) molded body can be very similar in its properties to those of a non-recycled cellulose fiber. In particular, the properties can be even further matched to those of non-recycled lyocell fibers by adding recycled Lyocell fabric

can be approximated, so that metrologically a difference can hardly be determined.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the method further comprises: i) supplying at least one further starting material which comprises cellulose and at least one synthetic plastic, in particular a synthetic plastic from the group consisting of elastane, polyester, polyamide, polyether and polyurethane, wherein the proportion of synthetic

Plastic is different in the starting material and the further starting material, and ii) producing the molded body comprising cellulose based on the starting material and the further starting material in such a way that the regenerated cellulosic molded body has at least one predetermined property.

This has the advantage that the desired proportions of synthetic plastic can be set or influenced accordingly, essentially without the additional use of chemical processes.

In a preferred embodiment, residual amounts of synthetic plastic contained in starting materials are reduced to a specific amount

set. The regenerated cellulosic molded body produced after adding several specific starting materials can then be used as desired

Plastic concentrations or compositions and correspondingly have specific chemical / physical properties. These can be properties that correspond to those of a non-recycled Lyocell fiber, for example.

In particular, by mixing different compositions of starting materials such as old clothes and / or leftovers from clothing production, a specific property, e.g. the concentration of elastane and optionally at least one other synthetic plastic, can be set and thus the subsequent use and / or functionalization can be specifically controlled.

In a further preferred embodiment, various

Starting materials of different compositions mixed in such a way that the desired proportions of the different plastics are set. This chemical-reduced / chemical-free version (only achieved by mixing raw materials) can be viewed as particularly advantageous in terms of resource consumption and ecological aspects.

According to one embodiment, the method may include post-processing of the precipitated cellulose to obtain the molded body from the preform

Have molded body. Such an optional post-processing can include, for example, drying, impregnation and / or reshaping of the cellulose filaments obtained. Corresponding post-processing makes it possible, at the end of the Lyocell process, to apply the

Complete molding production.

According to one embodiment, fibers of the starting material and / or fibers of the molded body can have a smooth, round outer surface. As shown in FIG. 3, extracted by means of the Lyocell process stand out

Cellulose fibers are distinguished by such a shape and therefore stand out from other fiber shapes such as those found in natural cotton or obtained by means of a viscose process.

The moldings produced according to the invention can, for example,

Packaging material, fiber material, textile composites, fiber composites, nonwovens, needle felts, upholstery wadding, fabrics, knitted fabrics, as home textiles, such as bed linen, as items of clothing, as fillers, flocking material,

Hospital textiles, such as pads, diapers or mattresses, can be used as material for thermal blankets, shoe insoles and wound dressings.

Embodiments of the invention can be in the most varied

technical fields as well as in medicine and in cosmetics and wellness. In medicine, for example, materials for

Wound treatment and wound healing can be composed of a carrier, which determines the mechanical properties, and a biocompatible coating material, which is particularly compatible with the skin and with the surface of the wound. Numerous other uses are possible.

In the following, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the following figures.

FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method for producing a regenerated cellulosic molded body according to an exemplary one

Embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 shows an apparatus for producing a regenerated cellulosic molded body by means of a Lyocell process according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 shows a cellulose fiber produced by means of a Lyocell process.

FIG. 4 shows a cellulose fiber produced by means of a viscose process.

FIG. 5 shows a natural cellulose fiber from a cotton plant.

Identical or similar components in different figures are provided with the same reference numbers.

Before exemplary exemplary embodiments are described with reference to the figures, some basic considerations should be summarized, based on which exemplary exemplary embodiments of the invention have been derived.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, residual polymers from starting materials are used as adhesion promoters

Cellulose fibers or used as a thermoplastic property enhancer within a Lyocell molding. They remain essentially inert until a certain step in the production process has been completed. In particular, a subsequent stiffening of a fabric by means of heat (analogous to hot-melt adhesive) can be achieved (eg non-iron shirts, pleating, etc.). For the production of fabrics which have the property of high dimensional stability (eg non-iron), a complex process is usually used. This can be, for example, the combination of very complex chemical

Procedure like a liquid ammonia treatment. It makes the shirt look new for a long time. The so-called

"Wet crosslinking", in which an elastic bridge is built between the molecules of cotton cellulose. This bridge pulls the fabric back into shape after washing. The wet crosslinking with "synthetic resins", however, requires a very precise working method.

Through the targeted control of the proportion of residual polymers (e.g.

Polyurethane made of elastane from old textiles), according to one embodiment, however, a certain thermoplasticity can be achieved in a lyocell fiber, which the corresponding proportion of residual polymers from a

Feeding the starting material back into a Lyocell molding via the depletion process, according to one embodiment of the invention, via a Lyocell process.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, the thermoplastic properties of residual polyurethane, in particular thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), are used. The one from this one

The different properties known from the substance group regarding the hard and soft phase and their different degrees of crystallization can be incorporated as an additional factor in the functionalization of residual plastics by controlling the processing time and processing temperature (i.e. the residence time in and temperature of the spinning solution). The following properties can be combined:

i) Highly crystalline and, on the other hand, transparent TPU complement each other in the fields of application to create a wide range of possible uses and higher

Range of variation of the material;

ii) a soft phase coupled to methylenediphenyl isocyanate (MDI) consists on the one hand of polyester diols with molecular weights between 1000 and 2000 g / mol based on adipic acid, or it consists of pure polycaprolactone. On the other hand, polyether diols made from tetrahydrofuran or C2, C3 glycols are possible.

Depending on the application, it can now be decided which soft phase is suitable. Two essential aspects are the oxidation sensitivity of the ether TPU and the hydrolysis sensitivity of the ester TPU.

The reaction of an ether with oxygen to form hydroperoxide and alcohol is known from organic chemistry, which, in the case of a polymer, leads to chain breakage, i.e. to a reduction in molar mass. This makes it necessary to stabilize polyether types with appropriate anti-aging agents (e.g. hindered phenols) in order to meaningfully increase their service life. If one compares the ether and ester TPU in air aging at 100 ° C over time, the better resistance of the polyester becomes very clear. Here, the decrease in tensile strength over the storage period was measured.

In contrast, an ether TPU is characterized by good resistance to hydrolytic and microbial degradation. Therefore extreme outdoor applications are suitable insert profiles for polyether types. At high

The effect of light can also be stabilized against damage from UV light.

Based on what has been discussed above, it is possible to penetrate the areas of soft TPU without plasticizer. This has so far not been carried out with success, because with the reduction in the proportion of hard phase, the TPU not only becomes softer, but also more plastic, and after the thermoplastic

Processing recrystallizes far too slowly to be able to produce finished parts in a reasonable time. Another effect can also be seen, that is the slow crystallization of the short hard phase blocks. If the proportion of hard phase is significantly reduced, the crystallizing blocks also become noticeably shorter. This reduces the melting temperature, but also the

Recrystallization. This slow crystallization also causes the material to harden gradually after processing.

Since for a supplied raw material of unknown origin the

corresponding detailed material parameters are often not known, the dynamic adaptation of the described processing parameters (time and temperature) in the spinning solution can be used to find universality for the majority of recycled PUR, which leads to the desired material properties. Alternatively, different variants of PUR in the pipe cyclate can be based on different proportions (possibly even dynamic

Adaptation as part of a Conti process) Adaptation of the process stability can be achieved without affecting the material parameters of the resulting Lyocell molded body.

FIG. 1 shows a flow chart 50 of a method for producing a regenerated cellulosic molded body 102 (compare FIG. 2) according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

The starting material 110 (see FIG. 2) comprises cellulose and elastane, optionally further synthetic plastics, and is in the form of old clothes and / or leftovers from a clothing production.

As shown by block 60, a raw material 110 produced in this way, in the case of old clothes, can be used by a consumer, for example as an item of clothing. When the consumer discards the item of clothing, it can be used as a post-consumer raw material 110 for a subsequent lyocell or viscose process, the former being described in more detail below.

As an alternative or in addition, it is also possible to use a cellulose-containing pre-consumer starting material 110, for example scraps from clothing manufacture.

It is further described how, on the basis of the at least partially cellulose-containing starting material 110, molded bodies 102 can be produced from cellulose according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. For this purpose, the starting material 110 is fed to an apparatus 100 (see FIG. 2) for carrying out a Lyocell process, compare reference numeral 78.

There the starting material 110 can first be mechanically comminuted 62 by shredding. In this way, in particular, large non-cellulosic contaminants can be removed from the starting material 110, for example buttons, seams and prints on old clothes that were at least partially used to produce the starting material 110. The mechanical comminution 62 can, for example, cut the starting material 110 into individual fibers.

It is also possible (see block 64) to use the cellulose-containing starting material 110 together with other cellulose-containing materials for the subsequent Lyocell process. Thus, the starting material 110 can be mixed with a further starting material which has cellulose and at least one synthetic plastic, see block 64. This supplied further starting material has a synthetic content

Plastics on which is different from the proportion of synthetic plastic in the starting material 110. The creation of the regenerated

Cellulosic molded body can now be designed based on the starting material 110 and the further starting material, so that the regenerated cellulosic molded body 102 contains a predetermined proportion of synthetic plastic. As an alternative or in addition, the further starting material can also contain, for example, residues from clothing manufacture.

Immediately after the mechanical comminution 62 or immediately after the mixing 64, a direct release 68 of the (pure or mixed)

Starting material 110 in a further solvent 116 (for example tertiary amine oxides such as N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO)) advantageously take place without chemical pretreatment. More precisely, the mechanically comminuted (and optionally mixed) starting material 110 can be converted directly into solution, in particular without chemical cleaning and without adjusting the viscosity. In this way, the manufacturing or

Recycling processes can be carried out extremely easily and quickly and in an environmentally friendly manner. It has surprisingly been found that after the mechanical comminution 62 in the starting material 110, elastane as a remaining foreign matter (but also other synthetic plastics) does not interfere with the Lyocell process and does not negatively affect the quality of the recovered Lyocell cellulose. On the contrary, certain amounts of elastane can remain in the cellulose fibers produced without them

To worsen properties but to even improve them. Even certain amounts of remaining polyester do not interfere with the product obtained.

Alternatively, the method can include an optional chemical cleaning 66 of the starting material 110 after the mechanical comminution 62 (or after the mixing 64) and before the dissolving 68. Such an optional cleaning 66 can, for example, comprise at least partial removal of colorants by bleaching. This makes it possible to use the starting material 110 before

subsequent dissolving 68 of the starting material 110 in solvent 116 to wholly or partially decolorize, for example to produce white or gray moldings 102. As an alternative or in addition, it is also possible, as part of the optional chemical cleaning 66, for the starting material 110 (before or after

its detachment 68) is at least partially freed from fibers of the starting material 110 crosslinking crosslinkers. In applications where such

If crosslinkers are present between the fibers of the starting material 110, the starting material 110 can be completely or partially freed from these crosslinkers, for example by means of an alkaline or an acidic pretreatment. This additionally improves the solubility of the starting material 110. Using the

Cleaner 66 may optionally have at least a portion of synthetic plastic removed if so desired. For example, the proportion of synthetic plastic in the molded body 102 to be produced can be adjusted or influenced in this way.

After dissolving 68 the starting material 110 in solvent (preferably NMMO), the Lyocell spinning solution 104 obtained can be pressed through one or more spinning nozzles, whereby threads or filaments of honey-viscous viscosity arise (see block 70, which relates to this spinning).

During and / or after these threads or filaments fall, they are brought into operative connection with an aqueous medium and thereby diluted. The concentration of the solvent 116 of the threads or filaments is thereby reduced in an aqueous mist or an aqueous liquid bath to such an extent that the Lyocell spinning solution is converted into a solid phase of cellulose filaments. In other words, the cellulose filaments precipitate, fall or coagulate, see reference numeral 72. A preform of the shaped body 102 is obtained as a result.

The production 80 of the regenerated cellulose and, in cellulose incorporated, elastane-containing molded body 102, in particular the loosening 68, the spinning 70 and the subsequent precipitation 72, by means of a Lyocell process is therefore carried out based on a starting material 110, which in turn is cellulose and elastane having.

Furthermore, the method can include post-processing 74 of the precipitated Lyocell cellulose in order to obtain the shaped body 102 from the preform of the shaped body 110. Such post-processing can include, for example, drying, impregnating and / or reshaping the filaments obtained to form the final shaped body 102. For example, the molded body 102 can be processed into fibers, a film, a fabric, a fleece, a ball, a porous sponge or beads by the production method described and then fed to a further use (see reference symbol 76).

Advantageously, after the molded body 102 has been used, its cellulose and elastane can be recovered again by carrying out a further method corresponding to the method steps between reference numbers 78 and 74 (see block 80). Alternatively, the cellulose, the elastane and optionally further synthetic plastic of the molded body 102 can be produced in a different process (see further block 80), for example a

Viscose process, can be recovered. This multiple repeatability of the recycling by means of repeated process steps is made possible by the knowledge that an improvement in fiber properties, in particular the strength, is surprisingly possible by recycling elastane-containing cellulose starting materials.

FIG. 2 shows an apparatus 100 for producing a regenerated one

cellulosic molded body 102 by means of a Lyocell process based on a starting material which comprises cellulose and elastane, according to a

exemplary embodiment of the invention, which was described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 therefore shows an apparatus 100 according to an example

Embodiment of the invention for producing a molded body 102 comprising cellulose, which can be produced, for example, in the form of a nonwoven, as fiber, film, ball, textile fabric, sponge or in the form of beads or flakes. According to FIG. 2, the molded body 102 is produced directly from a spinning solution 104. The latter is converted into cellulose fibers 108 by means of a coagulation fluid 106 (in particular from air humidity) and / or a coagulation bath 191 (for example a water bath that optionally has tertiary amine oxides such as N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO))

Molded body 102 converted. A Lyocell process can be carried out by means of the apparatus 100. In this way, for example, essentially endless filaments or fibers 108 or mixtures of essentially endless filaments and fibers 108 of discrete length can be produced as molded body 102. A plurality of nozzles, each having one or more openings 126 (which may also be referred to as spinning holes), are provided for ejecting Lyocell dope 104.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, a cellulose-based starting material 110 can be fed to a storage tank 114 via a metering device 113.

According to one exemplary embodiment, water can be introduced into the cellulose-based starting material 110 by a solvent 116 (in particular NMMO) described in more detail below. It can also be cellulose based

Starting material 110 itself already contain a certain residual moisture (dry cellulose, for example, often has a residual moisture of 5 percent by weight to 8 percent by weight). In particular, according to the described

Exemplary embodiment, the starting material 110 can be added directly to a mixture of water and solvent 116 without pre-moistening. An optional water container 112 shown in FIG. 2 can then be omitted.

According to an alternative embodiment, the cellulose-containing starting material 110 can additionally be moistened in order to thereby provide moist cellulose. For this purpose, water from an optional

Water tank 112 can be fed to storage tank 114 via metering device 113. Therefore, the metering device 113, controlled by means of a control device 140, can supply adjustable relative amounts of water and starting material 110 to the storage tank 114.

A suitable solvent 116, preferably tertiary amine oxides such as N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO), or an aqueous mixture of the solvent 116, for example a 76% strength solution of NMMO in water, is contained in a solvent container. The concentration of the

Solvent 116 can be adjusted in a concentrating device 118 either by adding pure solvent or water. The

Solvent 116 can then be mixed with the starting material 110 in definable relative amounts in a mixing unit 119. Also the

Mixing unit 119 can be controlled by means of control unit 140. As a result, the starting material 110 comprising cellulose is concentrated in the

Solvent 116 in a dissolving device 120 with adjustable relative

Quantities dissolved, whereby the Lyocell spinning solution 104 is obtained .. The relative concentration ranges (also referred to as spinning window) of the components starting material 110, water and solvent 116 in the spinning solution 104 for the production of cellulosic regenerated molded bodies by the Lyocell process can, as a person skilled in the art known to be set appropriately.

The lyocell dope 104 is fed to a fiber generation device 124 (which may be formed with a number of spin bars or jets 122).

As the lyocell dope 104 is passed through the openings 126 of the jets 122, it is divided into a plurality of parallel strands of lyocell dope 104. The process control described transforms the Lyocell spinning solution 104 into increasingly long and thin threads, the properties of which can be adjusted by appropriate setting of the process conditions, controlled by the control unit 140. Optionally, a flow of gas can move the lyocell dope 104 on its way from the openings 126 to one

Accelerate fiber take-up unit 132.

After the Lyocell spin solution 104 has moved through the jets 122 and down, the long and thin threads of the Lyocell spin solution 104 interact with the coagulation fluid 106.

When interacting with the coagulation fluid 106 (for example water), the solvent concentration of the Lyocell spinning solution 104 is reduced, so that the cellulose of the starting material 110 is at least partially as long and thin cellulose fibers 108 (which can still contain residues of solvent and water) coagulates or fails.

During or after the initial formation of the individual cellulose fibers 108 from the extruded Lyocell spinning solution 104, the cellulose fibers 108 are taken up on the fiber take-up unit 132. The cellulose fibers 108 can dip into the coagulation bath 191 shown in FIG. 2 (for example a water bath, optionally containing a solvent such as NMMO) and can complete their precipitation when interacting with the liquid in the coagulation bath 191. Depending on the process setting of the coagulation, the cellulose can form cellulose fibers 108 (as shown, wherein the cellulose fibers 108 can be one material or integrally fused with one another (“merging”) or can be present as separate cellulose fibers 108) or can be attached to the

Fiber receiving unit 132 form a sheet or a film of cellulose (not shown in Figure 2).

The cellulose fibers 108 are thus extruded from the spinnerets of the jets 122 and guided through the spinning bath or coagulation bath 191 (containing, for example, water and NMMO in a low concentration for precipitation / coagulation), while the cellulose fibers 108 are guided around a respective deflection roller 193 im Coagulation bath 191 and fed outside of the coagulation bath 191 to a godet 195. The take-off godet 195 ensures that the cellulose fibers 108 are transported further and further drawn in order to achieve a desired titer. After the godet 195, the fiber bundle is from the

Cellulose fibers 108 washed in a washing unit 180, optionally finished and finally cut (not shown).

Although this is not shown in FIG. 2, solvent 116 of the lyocell spinning solution 104, which has been removed from the cellulose fibers 108 during coagulation and during a subsequent washing in the washing unit 180, can be at least partially recovered or recycled and in a subsequent cycle be transferred back to the storage tank 114.

During the transport along the fiber receiving unit 132, the

Shaped bodies 102 (here in the form of cellulose fibers 108) are washed by means of the washing unit 180, in that the latter supplies a washing liquid to remove solvent residues. The shaped body 102 can then be dried.

The molded body 102 can also be subjected to an aftertreatment, see the aftertreatment unit 134 shown schematically. For example, such an aftertreatment can be a hydroentangling,

Needle treatment, impregnation, steam treatment with a steam supplied under pressure and / or calendering, etc. have.

The fiber receiving unit 132 can be the molded body 102 of a

Supply winding device 136, on which the molded body 102 can be wound. The shaped body 102 can then be supplied as rolled goods to an entity that manufactures products such as wipes or textiles based on the shaped body 102.

FIG. 3 shows a cellulose fiber 200 produced by means of a Lyocell process in cross section. The one made using a Lyocell process

Cellulose fiber 200 has a smooth, round outer surface 202 and is filled with cellulose material homogeneously and free of macroscopic holes. It can therefore be clearly distinguished by a person skilled in the art from cellulose fibers produced by means of a viscose process (see reference number 204 in FIG. 4) and from cellulose fibers from cotton plants (see reference number 206 in FIG. 5).

FIG. 4 shows a cellulose fiber 204 produced by means of a viscose process in cross section. The cellulose fiber 204 is cloud-shaped and has a plurality of arcuate structures 208 along its outer circumference.

FIG. 5 shows a natural cellulose fiber 206 from a cotton plant in cross section. The cellulose fiber 206 is kidney-shaped and has a material-free lumen 210 inside as a completely enclosed cavity.

Based on the significant geometric or structural differences of the fibers according to Figure 3 to Figure 5, it is possible for a person skilled in the art to unambiguously determine, for example under a microscope, whether a cellulose fiber has been formed using the Lyocell process, the viscose process or, of course, in a cotton plant is.

In addition, it should be pointed out that “having” does not exclude any other elements or steps and “a” or “a” does not exclude a plurality. Furthermore, it should be pointed out that features or steps that have been described with reference to one of the above exemplary embodiments also in combination with other features or steps of others described above

Embodiments can be used. Reference symbols in the

Claims are not to be regarded as limiting.

Patent claims

1. Regenerated cellulosic molded body (102), in particular produced by a lyocell process or a viscose process, which comprises elastane, the elastane being incorporated in the molded body (102).

2. The regenerated cellulosic shaped body (102) according to claim 1, wherein the regenerated cellulosic shaped body (102) is at least 0.1%

Has polyurethane, and

at least 10% of the polyurethane being assigned to elastane.

3. The regenerated cellulosic shaped body (102) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the regenerated cellulosic shaped body (102) comprises 0.1% to 5% elastane.

4. The regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising

at least one further synthetic plastic, in particular less than 2%, from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, polyurethane and polyether.

5. The regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) according to claim 4, wherein at least a part of the further synthetic plastic has at least one compatibility which is at least one of the group consisting of ester compatibility, amide compatibility and ether compatibility.

6. The regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) according to claim 4 or

5,

wherein the further synthetic plastic is at least partially incorporated into the cellulose.

7. The regenerated cellulosic shaped body (102) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the regenerated cellulosic shaped body (102) has at least one of the following features:

the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) is selected from the group comprising a fiber, a film, a ball or a sponge; the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) has a

Fiber extensibility, which is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, higher than the fiber extensibility of a conventional lyocell fiber;

the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) has strength values ​​of a conventional lyocell fiber;

the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) has a reduced tendency to fibrillation compared to a conventional lyocell fiber.

8. A method for producing a regenerated cellulosic molded body (102), the method comprising:

Providing (78) a starting material (110) which comprises cellulose and elastane, in particular wherein the elastane in the starting material (110) is separate from the cellulose,

wherein the starting material (110) is a solid; and

Producing (80) the molded body (102) comprising cellulose,

in particular by means of a Lyocell process or a viscose process, based on the starting material (110) such that the regenerated cellulosic

Molded body (102) has at least part of the elastane of the starting material (110), the part of the elastane of the starting material (110) in the

regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) is incorporated.

9. The method according to claim 8,

wherein the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) has a proportion of synthetic plastic which is at least 0.1% from the

Starting material (110) originates.

10. The method according to any one of claims 8 or 9,

wherein the starting material (110) wholly or partially residues from the

Has clothing manufacture and / or used clothing.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, further comprising:

Dissolving (68) the starting material (110) in a solvent (116) by means of a direct dissolution process, in particular in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide, NMMO, in order to obtain a spinning solution (104);

Extruding (70) the spinning solution (104) through spinnerets, in particular at less than 150 ° C, in such a way that

that an at least partial incorporation of synthetic plastic, in particular elastane, is made possible in the cellulose.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising:

Feeding (64) into the spinning solution (104) of at least one substance from the

Group, which consists of cellulose fibers, foreign materials, pulp,

Hemicellulose and cellulose fibers with a short chain length.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12,

wherein the starting material (110) has at least one further synthetic

Has plastic from the group which consists of polyester, polyamide, polyurethane and polyether.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

at least partial retention of a first additional synthetic plastic,

in particular one from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, and polyether,

of the starting material (110) for producing the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) in such a way that

that the first additional synthetic plastic is essentially contained in the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102);

and or

Removal, in particular complete removal, of a second

additional synthetic plastic,

in particular one from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide and polyether,

from the starting material in such a way that

that the second additional synthetic plastic is essentially not contained in the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102),

in particular wherein the first additional synthetic plastic is different from the second additional synthetic plastic.

15. The method according to any one of claims 13 or 14, further

having:

Feeding (64) of at least one further starting material, which comprises cellulose and at least one synthetic plastic,

in particular a synthetic plastic from the group consisting of elastane, polyester, polyamide, polyether and polyurethane,

wherein the proportion of synthetic plastic in the starting material (110) and the further starting material is different; and

Generating the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) based on the starting material (110) and the further starting material in such a way that

that the regenerated cellulosic molded body (102) at least one

Has predetermined property.