Field of the Invention
The new invention deals with the concept of a smart moving dustbin for the collection and disposal of smart waste in order to maintain a clean and green atmosphere in public places.
Background of the Invention
. .The objective of the present invention-is to use. a sensor network and line follower technology.. . . '.to develop a-moving smart dust bin. Moving smart dust bins is a fresh concept that helps smart cities to handle the waste. A predefined.path continually passes through the smart dust bin.'If the level detector in the dust bin is activated, it will reorient the moving dust bin and enter the main area of debris for disposal.
Prior Arts
The invention disclosed in-patent.number US20160176630A1 by Junaith Ahemed et al. on June 23, 2016, related to a sensor-equipped garbage bin which shows the capacity used or unused and alerts to the need for the state of operation. Container remote controller (e.g., garbage can or paper disposal). A range finder that measures the distance between the container and its contents may be the sensor mounted on the cover. The sensor that is mounted under the container is sensitive to the weight and content of the container. Additionally, in aerated compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and methane, micronutrients may be present.
The invention disclosed by Srivastava et al. in patent number WO2017175244Al on 12 October 2017 was connected to a smart bin capable of alerting an internet portal and carrying out the required acts. An intelligent container that can be installed anywhere in the area. In order to assess the contents of the shopping cart, the machine contains a variety of proximity sensors and triggers the identification device to send the shopping cart's user data to the social networking site and the government agency for corrective action. The Smart Bin is used as a trash can in a chosen embodiment, in which the machine goes a long way to keeping the city clean through daily alerts from civil authorities so that they can respond quickly to warnings. The social media platform-linked framework would allow people to respond faster and stay clean.
The invention disclosed by Fiedler et al. on June 03, 2015 in patent number WO2004045992 related to a trash container for receiving items thrown into it, including an opening at the end. The innovation is distinguished by the identification of an object that controls video and/or audio data editing devices when an object is thrown into the said . container; the object is detected therein by an integrated electronic system. In addition, there is a voltage source inside the container to supply the integrated electronic device and the video and/or audio equipment with current, the voltage source being itself supplied by at least one solar panel arranged outside the container. An electrical power grid supply of 220 volts can also be provided.
The invention disclosed in patent number WO2011056045 by Ji Hoon et al. on May 12, 2011 related to a separate garbage collection device that can pre-enter product

information; such as a.product used in the form of an RFID tag, an announcement or a warning, in recycling classification information. Such information may be broadcast or viewed by reading the individual's information. If invalid recyclables are collected, via CC, gather invalid recyclables and issue a notice.
Brief Description of the Drawings
■ Figure'l: Schematic .diagram of Moving Smart Dustbin .
. Figure 2-: Schematic: diagramiof Individual Slof for Trash Disposal-
Figure 3: Overview of Level Detection ,-■-•• - "-■..
. Figure 4: Side view of Moving Smart Dustbin with Controller Box
Figure 5: Schematic diagram of Moving Dustbins in the track in park
Detailed Description of the Drawings
Figure 1 shows, the entire structure of Moving Smart Dustbin in which the electrically operated sensors 01, 02, 03, 04, 05 with the rechargeable lithium battery. The battery is recharged by the solar panels 08(a), 08(b) and piezoelectric sensors 04(a), 04(b). The two solar panels 08(a) and 08(b) are placed in the top of the dustbin with the help of stand. These solar panels convert light energy into DC voltage. This DC voltage is fed into the battery via 1N5817 Diode to ensure the power flow in one direction; this prevents battery power discharging through the solar panel at night time. The piezoelectric sensor 04(a) is placed in the Section 2 for separating the Degradable and non degradable wastes by measuring the electricity generated by the pressure given by the dumped waste in Section 2. The piezoelectric sensor 04(b) is equipped at the bottom of the dustbin. The whole weight of the dustbin will produce certain pressure; these pressures are converted into the electric power. The electric power produced by the piezoelectric sensors 04(a) and 04(b), along with the solar panel 08(a) and 08(b) is recharged to the battery. This battery is the power source for sensors, servomotors (to open and close the slot and section gates), Dc motors (to moving the dustbin), LCD, controller in the dustbin.
In Figure 1, 01 is an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, which is to detect the obstacles. When the dustbin is moving in predefined track, if the person wants to throw the trash, then the person interrupts in the moving track of dustbin, so the dustbin will stops in its track until the person moves from the track after throwing the trash. The distance between the person (who has to throw the trash) and the dustbin is predefined with the certain range in ultrasonic sensor. If the person enters the range, then the dustbin will stop. An ultrasonic sensor works by emitting the sound waves and then waits for the sound wave to be reflected back, the distance is calculated by reflecting time. 010 is a lid, which is in the top of the dustbin. If a person throws a trash in the dustbin through the lid, the trash will enter the Section 1(012) in the dustbin, IR sensor 05(a) in 012 Section 1 to detect the presence of trash in the section, if the presence of trash is detected, then the Servo motor 06(a) will be enabled and Sliding gate for Section 2 is opened. The size of opening of the sliding gate is small for dropping the only few trash for the next section.

013 is the Section .2, in this Section there is Inductive Proximity sensor (metal detector) 03 and piezoelectric sensor 04(a). .Piezoelectric sensor. 04(a) is equipped at the -bottom of the Section 2 013, which is to. differentiate the degradable waste from non degradable waste by measuring weight from the pressure produced by the waste. The threshold pressure level will be.given to the controller 023, if the pressure exceeds the ■ threshold level, then the waste will be^ consider as a degradable waste. The controller will pass the.datato the Slot A Servo motor 06(c) and'Section 2 013-Servo motor 06(b) to open . • the sliding gates.:When the-Section -2013 gate opens the trash drops into the Section 3 021, . . here there is three slots for three types of wastes, any one of the Slot gate will be open based 'onithe. controllers data. If the Metal detectoris enabled then the Slot C servo motor 06 (e) will opens sliding gate, then the trash will drop into the Slot C. If both the detectors 03 and 04(a) . .-■ is enabled, then the controller will send open -instruction for the Slot C servo motor 06(e)', because both the degradable and metals have more weight, so the pressure will cross the threshold range, but for the degradable waste the metal detector will not detect it, so if both the detectors are enabled in the Section 2, then the trash present in the Section 2 is Metal component, So the Slot G gate will.open. When both the detectors.are not enabled in the. Section 2, then the controller will send instruction to the Slot B Servomotor 06(d) to open the sliding gate, if the gate opens then the trash from Section 2 will drop into the Slot B which contains non degradable waste.
05(b), 05(c), 05(d) is the three IR Sensor, which is the level detector in the Slot A, Slot B and Slot C. These sensors will detect the fullness of the content in the dustbin. If either the one of the level detector is enable, then the dustbin moving in the predefined will check the deviation detector to change its track to main garage area to dispose the trash in the bin. For Deviation detection, IR sensor 05(f) is equipped in the left side of the dustbin. Because the deviation in the track for the disposal area is only in the left side to avoid the confusion. ... Here the moving of the dustbin is based on Line follower principle. Similar to line follower, for track detection IR sensor 05(e) is equipped and for deviation 05(f) sensor is used. Here simple track for the park is show in the Figure 5.
In section 1 (012), the MQ series gas detector 02 is placed to detect the noxious gas in the dustbin. Ammonia and Hydrogen sulfide are the primary causes of pungent smell in dustbin. MQ-136, MQ-137 and MQ-4 are equipped as a MQ series gas detector 02. MQ-136 for hydrogen sulfide detection, MQ-137 for Ammonia detection and MQ-4 for Methane detection. If the gas detector detects any unpleasant odor in the dustbin, the dustbin changes it track by detecting the deviation for the disposal of the dustbin trash in the main garbage area. If the deviation is not detected, then the dustbin keeps moving in its track until finding the deviation.
After reaching the main garage area for the disposal, the controller will send the instruction to the Servo motor 06(f) to open the Slot A Sliding gate 07(a), when the gate opens the trash in the bin is dumped in the 032 degradable waste area. After disposing, the dustbin moves few meters to reach the non degradable waste disposal area 033. If it reaches controller will send information to servomotor 06(g) to open the Slot B sliding gate 07(b), after disposal the dustbin starts move for few meters and reaches the metal disposal area 034, the servo motor 06(h) open the Slot C sliding gate 07(c), after disposing the trash, the sliding

gates of three :slots 07(a), 07(b), 07(c) will close and dustbin returns to the normal track for the waste collection process.
In figure 1 014. is LCD^ which is used to display the fullness of the content in the dustbin. In the LCD the-0%, 25%, 50% and 100%- fullness of the content in the bin will be-. displayed in the LCD. This LCD is placed near the ultrasonic sensor 01 at the top of the dustbin.09 is the stand, which holds the dustbin and four wheels with.DC motors 011(a), ... 011(b); GH.(c)and 01:l(d) is'fixed in thestand; which is responsible for the movement of the '• '. dustbin. The dustbin movement is similar to that of line follower robot,.the IR sensor will.:-: ' ■ >sense:the white/black line and follows the line for the movement. •
< . Figure 2 gives the description of the individual slot. 02! is the Section 3 and 019 is •,
the Slot. A for.degradable waste, 016 Sliding gate is.attached with servo motor 020 for the ■■'■ «
disposing purpose when the level detector or gas detector is enabled. The trash will drop into
the Slot A through the sliding gate by the servomotor 017. 018 is a level detector to indicate .
. the fullness of the slot A 019. .'
Figure 3 022 indicates the working of IR sensor for level detection by transmitting the IR waves. The IR sensor has a maximum range of up to one foot (1!') and dissipates a current of 5 mA at a supply voltage of 5 volts. As most indoor garbage cans are not greater than three feet (3'), the IR sensor also enables the identification of the situation when the dustbin is filled to the vital top 41 or '4' of the dustbin in the case of the three-feet garbage bin. By forgoing detection to a greater range, the IR sensor makes a power savings of 700 percent compared to current State-of-the-art ultrasonic sensors. In some examples, by not detecting over long distances, PIR sensors can save up to 700% energy compared to existing state-of-the-art ultrasonic sensors. So we use the IR sensor to detect the level.
Figure .4 is the side view of moving smart dustbin with, controller box. 023 is a controller box, which contains Arduino uno Atmega 2560, which controls the entire process of the moving smart dustbin. This controller box is fixed in the backside of the dustbin.
Figure 5 is an example track for the moving dustbin in the park. 032, 033, 034 are the degradable, non degradable and metal waste disposal area respectively. 024 is one of the dustbin in the park starts moving in the track for waste collection, 025, 026, 027, 031 are the dustbins which are rounding in the predefined track until getting 100% fulfillment display in the LCD, that is until the dustbin gets full, these dustbin keeps moving in the track. 036 is the track for waste collection and 035 is the deviation track for disposal of the waste. 028 is the dustbin in the deviation track to dispose the waste, because the maximum level is detected, 029 is the dustbin, which is in the garage area to dispose the waste in the 032 degradable waste disposal sections. 030 is the dustbin, which is ready to return to the waste collection track to repeat the process until level or gas sensor is enable.
Brief Description of the Flow charts
Figure 6: Block diagram of Moving Smart Dustbin Figure 7: Mechanism of Moving Smart Dustbin Figure 8: Waste Separation Mechanism in Dustbin

Detailed Description of the Flow charts
Figure 6 is the general block diagram of the moving smart dustbin. 12V battery power is given to the controller; the sources for the rechargeable lithium battery are 08(a), 08(b) two solar panels and 04(a), 04(b) two piezoelectric sensors, which produces the electric power ' from.light-and pressure. The sensing data" from the sensing unit are given as an input to the controller,. this:data will be process in the controller, and the correct instructions will be given asanoutput to the LCD display, DC motors and Servo motors. ' * ;:
■Figure 7- is the. flow chart for the ■ mechanism of moving "smart-dustbin. When the systemON, it initializes the sensor units; if the track detector'IR sensor 05(e) is enabled then the dustbin starts moving, and the LCD will display "Dustbin starts Moving...". If the track is • not detected, once again the sensors will be initialized. The dustbin keeps moving, in the ■ -r rrack;.if the Ultrasonic sensor detects the obstacle, the dustbin stops in the track until the ~ obstacle move from the track. If the obstacle is-not detected, the dustbin keeps moving, when level detector is indicated, the IR sensor 05(f) which is in the left side of the dustbin will check for deviation, if the deviation is detected then the dustbin will change its track from collection track to disposal track, if the deviation is not detected, the dustbin keeps moving in the collection track until finding the deviation. If the level detector is not enabled, the controller will check for the gas detection through the MQ series gas detector 02. If the gas is detected; then the dustbin will check for deviation and change its track for disposal of the waste in the main garage area. Accordingly, all the data will be given to the LCD 014 for display.
Figure 8 is the flow chart of the waste separation mechanism in the moving smart dustbin. The system is initialized, IR sensor 02 checks the presence of trash in the Section 1, if there is no trash in the section 1, and once again IR sensor will be initialized. If the presence of trash is detected, servo motor for the sliding gate 06(a) of section 1 is enabled to open the gate. Now the trash drop into the section 2 013, if the metal detector 03 is enabled then the servo motor in section 3 will open the sliding gate, the trash will be drop into the Slot C. Next the Piezoelectric sensor will separate the waste based on the weight and depending on that gates of Slot A and B will open separately, the trashes will be collected accordingly.