3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION:
Present work aims at developing a multi-grain dehusking machine that will be capable of dehusking all types of grains and pulses. Many mills have been visited and case study has been carried out in order to understand the process of dehusking. During the case study, each process was studied in detail and various problems were identified. In order to overcome these problems we had developed a multi-grain dehusking machine. This machine can dehusk various types of grains and pulses. This machine is able to cater the daily requirements of a group of 4-5 families in the village. Being a cheap and portable machine, the machine can easily find its place in every mill, shop and house.

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION:
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.
1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention generally relates to a process and a device for dehusking various types of grains. And it is not limited only to dehusking; this innovative machine executes the process of Dehusking, Winnowing and Cleaning of grains during the process. Being a cheap and portable machine it can be used at home or can be at commercial places.
2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
A rice pounder is an agricultural tool made from a simple machine and commonly used in Southeast Asia to dehull rice or to turn rice into rice flour. In earlier days the farmers used to dehusk the rice by pounding the rice in mortar and pestle. The mortar was made up of stones or wood that consists of a pocket or a block into which paddy rice was kept. The paddy rice was then pound with the help of a long wooden log of 5-6ft called pestle by one or two workers. The upward and downward movement of the pestle induces force on grain against grain that removes the husk and some bran layer. Due to pounding the percentage of broken grains was more. The cleaning was done by winnowing and gravity separation by hand. In Bengal (West Bengal, India and Bangladesh), this process is called as Dhenki. This process is still used traditionally in the villages for personal use. This is because it preserves the brown rice coating that is perceived as a healthy part.
The drawback of this process was that the mortar and pestle were made of wood and thus large amount of trees were required to cut in order to meet the requirement of millions of rural people. The rice grains obtained by this process contain more percentage of broken grains. Another drawback was that it required more human efforts and hence cannot be used for large scale production.
In order to carry out dehusking at large scale automated machines were developed. These machines are capable of performing all operations of dehusking and are able to use for large scale production. These machines are mostly power driven and are used in almost all the rice mills.
The main advantage of using these machines is that they reduce human efforts, reduce the percentage of broken grains, by-products are free from sand and other impurities, high husking efficiency, reduces production time and useful for large scale production.
Although these machines have many advantages and their output capacity is several times more than pounding process, there are certain drawbacks such as the machines are very costly, the rubber rollers used are also very costly, requires frequent maintenance, runs on electricity and so continuous power supply is required and if works on diesel then it contributes to pollution problem, it can be used only for dehusking large quantity of paddy, if used at small scale more amount of energy is lost and hence cannot fulfil the requirements of individuals, requires more space, etc.
There are few manually operated rice mills that can overcome the drawbacks of both automated machines and pounding process. These machines are mostly pedal and hand operated and does not depend on electricity. There is as such no manually operated machine that can dehusk dal or other grains.
3. OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION:
> A group of 4 to 5 families in a village should be able to cater for their daily demand of rice.
> To introduce a new technology of dehusking which will be acceptable in the rural areas.
> To utilize human power in simple and efficient way to carry out removal of husk at home.

> This equipment can be easily operated by unskilled operator.
> Further this equipment can easily find its place where there is no power supply.
> To produce cheap, easy to operate, portable system which can be easily fabricated by readily available material and thus we are proposing a simplistic design that can deliver efficient, productive and reliable dehusking machine which can be used in rural as well as urban areas.
4. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
As industrial development is increasing day by day, use of natural fuel is also increasing and thus a day will come when its storage will finish. Hence, it is necessary to find an alternative source of energy. From the research work it was found that human power can be one of the alternative source of energy and therefore the research en-thrust the utilization of human power in simple and efficient way for removing the husk at home instead of sending it to mill. Developing countries of the world like India are facing problems of non-availability of power in rural areas and unemployment among unskilled workers that urge engineers to generate energy from non-traditional sources.
Keeping power crises and unemployment in mind and to avoid use of natural fuel, it is necessary to design and develop a setup that uses human energy at reasonable price. Hence we developed "Multi Grain Dehusking Machine using Human Effort". This machine is environment friendly i.e. non-polluting and will bring Innovation & Mechanization in Agricultural Engineering. The setup will cater the daily demand of a group of 4-5 families in the village.
The setup consists of a gear train that runs the mechanism, cranked lever attached to the gear train and 2 shafts connected with this gear train. Separate shafts are used for separate grain such as Nylon shafts for rice grains dehusking and MS (Mild Steel) shafts for dal dehusking. The shafts are diamond knurled so as to make the surface rough. The setup uses human power as a source of energy for rotating the lever. As the lever rotates, gears also rotate. The shafts assembled with the gear train will rotate in opposite direction. Grains with husk are fed vertically from a hopper. Gap between the shafts is 2 to 3 mm for rice, wheat and mung dal whereas a gap of 5 to 6 mm is maintained for both tur dal and chana dal. When the grains pass through this gap, the shafts apply pressure over the grains and due to friction the husk is removed. This husk is blown off with the help of winnowing fan and the grains thus obtained are cleaned grains. Sieve plate is assembled with last gear. This sieve has small holes of particular grit size that separate the grains. Separate sieve is used for separate grains. As the gear rotate, sieve vibrates / reciprocates and thus it allows only the grains to pass through it leaving behind the husk at the top of the sieve.
5. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:
Referring now to the drawings, wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention only, and not for purpose of limiting the same. The drawings are made using CREO Software so as to understand the machine in detail.
Figure 1 shows the illustrative complete assembly of the machine according to the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the illustrative various views of the machine according to the present invention.
Figure 2.1 shows the illustrative Front View of the machine according to the present invention.
Figure 2.2 shows the illustrative Right Hand Side View of the machine according to the present invention.
Figure 2.3 shows the illustrative Top View of the machine according to the present invention.
Figure 2.4 shows the illustrative Isometric View of the machine according to the present invention.

4. PRIOR ART
A) All over the World:
1] Rolling machine for dehusking rice and other grains, has short lever connecting long lever to feed chute.
Publication number DEI0043998 Al
Publication type Application
Application number DE2000143998
Publication date 14 Mar 2002
Filing date 5 Sep 2000
Priority date 5 Sep 2000
Inventors Frank-Otto Goerlitz, Edmund Chylinski
Applicant Buehler Ag
The invention relates to a roller peeler for grains, especially a rubber roller peeler for peeling rice and other grain crops, preferably for separating the Rohfruchtschalen according to the preamble of the claim.
2] Dehusking net structure for rice husking machine.
Publication number CN2142364 Y
Publication type Grant
Application number CN 92243692
Publication date 22 Sep 1993
Filing date 12 Dec 1992
Priority date 12 Dec 1992
The utility model is a machine off about the rice bran mesh structure, particularly those involving the chaff off the mesh structure of an iron roll-milled rice machines. The husk removing net structure makes use of the net which is convexly provided with flanges with single-side sharp surface in an equal distance, and the flanges are opposite to rice entering direction. The husk removing net structure for the rice husking machine overcomes the defects and can be widely used for removing husk of the rice husking machine.
3] Rice husking machine.
Publication number CN202823459 U
Publication type Grant
Application number CN 201220478571
Publication date 27 Mar 2013
Filing date 19 Sep 2012
Priority date 19 Sep 2012
The rice husking machine solves all the problems. The rice husking machine consists of a rice husking machine chamber composed by a upper cover, a lower box, rice huller screens and a rice baffle, a dehusking and whitening device composed by a shaft, a bearing and a roller. Both the upper cover and the lower box are provided with rice husking screens. The rice husking machine further consists of at least one L-shaped huller blade, and at least one adjustable huller blade provided with a bar-type through hole. A bolt penetrates through the bar-type through hole in the L-shaped huller blade to fix the L-shaped huller blade on a beam of the machine body, the L-shaped huller blade is integrally connected with the rice huller screens through screws, and the adjustable huller blade is connected with the other beam of the machine body through a bolt. The rice husking machine is simple in structure, convenient to handle, high in adjustment accuracy, easy to replace the quick-wear parts, and machining continues to operate with the adjustable huller blade when the huller blade is damaged. The rice husking machine is particularly suitable for the use of a rural family.

4] Process and device for dehusking cereal grains.

Publication number Publication type Application number PCT number Publication date Filing date Priority date Also published as Inventors Original Assignee
US8104699B2
Grant
US 12/298,471 PCT/CH2006/000553 31 Jan 2012 9 Oct 2006
25 Apr 2006
CA2648787Al,EP2010639Al,US20090123622,WO2007121594Al
Klaus Gehrig, Hans-Jorg Menger, Urs Keller
Buehler Ag
The invention relates to a process and a device for dehusking cereal grain, especially for removing the husks and/or the seed coats as well as the germ from grain and/or from malted grain and its processing in the brewing industry. The invention relates to a method and a system for dehusking grains, in particular for removing the spelts and/or the seed coat and the germ bud of grains and/or of malted grains and its processing in the brewing industry. The outer layers/shells are removed from cleaned and malted distiller's grains in a husking machine.

5] Roller husker.
Publication number Publication type Application number Publication date Filing date Priority date Also published as Inventors Applicant
WO2006092069A1 Application
PCT/CH2006/000003 8 Sep 2006 4 Jan 2006 2 Mar 2005 DE102005010112A1 Frank-Otto Goerlitz
Buehler Ag, Frank-Otto Goerlitz The invention relates to a roller husker, in particular a rubber roller husker, for the dehusking of cereals such as rice, for example. The roller husker comprises a housing with an upper material inlet and a lower material outlet, a feed device for the cereals and a pair of rollers of which at least the free roller is arranged in a pivot, characterized in that the pivot terminates in the direction of the material inlet in a lever, connected by means of a joint to a closure flap of the material inlet.
6] An integrated small-scale pulse mill.

Publication number Publication type Application number PCT number Publication date Filing date Priority date Also published as Inventors Applicant
CA2551664C Grant
CA 2551664 PCT/IN2003/000438 23 Aug 2011 31 Dec 2003 31 Dec 2003
CA2551664 A1, WO2005063397A1 Ningaiah Ramakrishnaiah,
Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research. The present invention relates to development of an integrated small-scale pulse mill which dehusks pulses and separates husk, powder and dehulled pulses in a compact integrated unit.

7] Nut harvester with dehusking station.

Publication number Publication type Application number Publication date Filing date Priority date Inventors Applicant
WO1993000794A1 Application
PCT/AU1992/000339 21 Jan 1993 9 Jul 1992 11 Jul 1991 John Martin Leonard
Pokolbin Harvesting Company Pt The present invention relates to harvesters and, more particularly, to harvesters for nuts with particular but not exclusive applicability to the harvesting of macadamia nuts. A harvester for collecting and processing nuts from the ground having a nut pick up device for picking up nuts and feeding them to a dehusking station via feeders that facilitate trash removal from the collected nuts. The dehusker removing husks from the nuts and supplying dehusked and essentially trash free nuts to a bin or station for further processing. The nut pick up device comprises a plurality of discs, each disc having a plurality of radially projecting nut gripping and retaining fingers for contacting the ground. Ejector means are mounted in a static relationship relative to the axis of the associated discs to remove the nuts from the discs and convey them to the feeder.
B) From India:
11 AUTO-MANUAL AND COMPACT GRAIN CRUSHING SYSTEM

Publication Number Publication Date Publication Type Application Number Application Filing Date Field Of Invention
05/2015 30 Jan 2015 INA
278/CHE/2015
19 Jan 2015
(FI10) MECHANICAL ENGINEERING The present subject matter relates to the Auto-manual and compact grain crushing system to process the material right from cleaning, soaking, crushing and cleaning the system with help of electronic control unit and user interface panel. The whole process can be completed through auto mode and or manual mode upon user's desire.

8

5. DESCRIPTION (Description shall start from next stage.) Following are the components of Multi - Grain Dehusking Machine:
1. Outer Box - The outer box is a casing in which the entire mechanism has been installed.
2. Hopper - Hopper is a rectangular pyramid through which grains are fed. It is a container for a loose bulk material such as grains that tapers downward and is able to discharge its contents at the bottom.
3. Gearsl to 5 - Gears from 1 to 5 forms the gear train that runs the mechanism of machine. Centre distance varies from gear to gear so as to vary the rpm. First three gears have same centre distance whereas it is different for the remaining two gears. The two shafts are mounted on first two gears i.e. Gear 1 and 2. Gear 3 is an idler gear. Winnowing fan is mounted over Gear 4 whereas Sieve plate is assembled with the last gear i.e. Gear 5.
As first 2 gears rotate; the shafts also rotates. The remaining gears in mesh with first 2 gears also start rotating. Gear 3 being idler transmits the power from gear 2 to gear 4. As the gear 4 rotates the winnowing fan starts rotating and thus it blows off the husk. As the Gear 5 rotate, sieve plate vibrates / reciprocates and thus it allows only the grains to pass through it leaving behind the husk at the top of the sieve.
4. Shafts - Transmission shaft is important part of machine. It helps in transmitting motion to the rollers through
gears. The basic function of the shaft is to give drive from gear mechanism to rollers.
Separate shafts are used for separate grain. As the husk of rice and mung dal is softer hence nylon shafts are used for their dehusking whereas the husk of tur dal, chana dal and wheat is harder as compared to rice and mung dal and hence MS (Mild Steel) shafts are used for their dehusking.
5. Sieve Plate - It is a utensil consisting of a wire or plastic mesh held in a frame, used for separating coarser from finer particles i.e. husk from grains. Depending upon the grit size, separate sieve plate is used for separate grain.
6. Cranked Lever - It is used to facilitate the application of force in a desired direction. As the lever rotates the gears also rotates. Lever thus transfers its energy through the gears to the shafts.
7. Winnowing Fan - Its function is to blow off the husk and cleans the grains.
The setup consists of a gear train that runs the mechanism, cranked lever attached to the gear train and 2 shafts connected with this gear train. Separate shafts are used for separate grain such as Nylon shafts for rice grains dehusking and MS (Mild Steel) shafts for dal dehusking. The shafts are diamond knurled so as to make the surface rough. The setup uses human power as a source of energy for rotating the lever. As the lever rotates, gears also rotate. The shafts assembled with the gear train will rotate in opposite direction. Grains with husk are fed vertically from a hopper. Gap between the shafts is 2 to 3 mm for rice, wheat and mung dal whereas a gap of 5 to 6 mm is maintained for both tur dal and chana dal. When the grains pass through this gap, the shafts apply pressure over the grains and due to friction the husk is removed. This husk is blown off with the help of winnowing fan and the grains thus obtained are cleaned grains. Sieve plate is assembled with last gear. This sieve has small holes of particular grit size that separate the grains. Separate sieve is used for separate grains. As the gear rotate, sieve vibrates / reciprocates and thus it allows only the grains to pass through it leaving behind the husk at the top of the sieve.

6. CLAIMS (Not applicable for provisional specification. Claims should start with the preamble
- "I/We claim" on separate page).
I/We claim the following points for our machine.
1. The machine is an integrated small-scale dehusking machine for dehusking different types of grains and pulses. The machine can successfully dehusk rice, mung dal, wheat, chana dal, tur dal, etc. and other such type of grains and pulses. This machine is able to do dehusk all these grains as per the requirements and hence it is a multi - purpose machine.
2. Nylon shafts and MS shafts are cheaper than rubber and cement rollers. These Nylon and MS shafts have longer life, good wear resistance, strong temperature performance, no climate impact, no deformation and are reliable when compared to rubber and cement rollers. Thus, these shafts can be a good substitute for the existing rubber and cement rollers.
3. The machine is cheap, portable, easy to operate, simple in structure, easy to replace the quick-wear parts and gives satisfactory results. Thus it can be a good substitute for old pounding process.