Description:DESCRIPTION

The following specification particularly describes the invention and how it is to be performed.

Technical Field of the invention:
[001] The conventional matrix converter is a 3*3 switch converter that converts AC-AC for wind energy system applications.
[002] The newly designed power converter unit shares the power switches for both rectification and DC-DC converter operation.
[003] The top layer switches are for the 3-phase wind system and the bottom layer switches are for three individual PV panels. To make a closed circuit, middle-layer switches are shared by both top-layer and bottom-layer switches by following Ex-OR gate logic.
[004] From that, if the top layer switches are in ON condition, then the bottom layer switches are in OFF condition by following the Ex-OR gate logic.
[005] The top layer and middle layer together perform the rectification operation for the wind system.
[006] The bottom layer and middle layer perform the DC-DC converter operations for the PV system.

Background of the invention:

[007] Due to the modernization of society, the usage of electrical energy increases gradually in the last few decades as a result demand for electricity increases drastically.
[008] To meet the load demand fossil fuels are the major energy sources, but due to their non-renewability in nature, they may exhaust in the next decades.
[009] So, to meet that electrical demand renewable solar and wind sources are used as alternative energy sources, due to their abundant availability in nature and alternatively in their availability nature.
[0010] Their outputs are mostly decided by the existing weather conditions which include wind speed and solar irradiation level.
[0011] High penetration of renewable energy sources leads to intermittent and uncertain voltage and frequency fluctuations in the grid.
[0012] From the literature, the availability of solar and wind energy sources are alternatives to each other.
[0013] If both wind and PV sources are integrated then it reduces the independent power converters by integrating or merging some parts of converters to save 25% of power semiconductor switches.
[0014] This reduces the individual power converters by sharing the converters between the alternating natural renewable energy sources and reduces the size and cost of the hybrid renewable energy system.

Summary of the invention:

[0015] The work involves the design and analysis of a multi-input matrix converter by sharing the matrix converter nine switches for connecting a 3-phase wind energy system and three individual solar PV panels.

A detailed description of the invention:

[0016] High penetration of renewable energy sources leads to intermittent and uncertain voltage and frequency fluctuations in the grid.
[0017] To smoothen out these fluctuations, different renewable energy sources can be integrated, whose characteristics must complement each other to produce more stable output power.
[0018] From the literature, wind energy and solar energy are abundant and alternate with each other, for such integration usually requires some power electronic converters.
[0019] The power converter unit designed with a matrix converter provides multiple input ports for connecting three phase wind system and three individual PV sources.
[0020] By using top layer and middle layer switches in the power converter unit, the wind system is connected to the fictitious DC link capacitor and the converter unit is operating in rectification mode.
[0021] By using bottom layer and middle layer switches in the power converter unit, the three individual PV systems are connected to the fictitious DC link capacitor and the converter unit is operating in DC-DC conversion mode.
[0022] The fictitious DC link capacitor connects Rectifier and DC-DC converter to the current source inverter for the inversion operation and to connect with the conventional grid.
[0023] The total generated power from both wind and solar energy sources is directly connected to the grid with the help of a power converter unit.
[0024] The modified PWM scheme and Ex-OR gate logic provide coordination control between rectifier, DC-DC conversion, and inverter modes of operation by sharing the middle layer switches.
[0025] The multi-input matrix converter unit reduced cost due to the reduced switch count converter topology and with a low-rated DC link capacitor.

Brief description of drawings:

[0026] Fig.1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-input matrix converter for a hybrid solar and wind energy system.
[0027] Fig. 2 is the switching waveform with Ex-OR gate logic.
, Claims:1. A multi-input converter unit comprising an AC-DC subunit, DC-DC subunit, and Inverter Subunit.
2. In The converter unit of claim 1, the rectifier unit converts AC-DC, the wind system is connected to the converter unit, and it converts generated AC voltage to DC voltage.
3. In The converter unit of claim 1, the DC-DC subunit converts fixed DC to variable DC, the PV system is connected to the converter unit, and it converts generated fluctuated DC voltage to fixed DC voltage.
4. In The converter unit of claim 1, the inverter unit converts DC-AC. In the power converter unit of claims 2 and 3, the converted DC voltage obtained from wind and solar energy is converted to the AC for grid integration.
5. The matrix converter is a 3*3 switch converter. The top layer switches are for the 3-phase wind system and the bottom layer switches are for the 3 individual PV panels. To make a closed circuit, middle-layer switches are shared by both top-layer and bottom-layer switches by following Ex-OR gate logic. From that, if the top layer switches are in ON condition, then the bottom layer switches are in OFF condition by following the Ex-OR gate logic.
6. Power converter unit of claims 4 and 5, the bidirectional current source inverter and voltage source converter are tied together at their fictitious DC link capacitor.
7. The power converter unit of claim 1, provides combined AC-DC and DC-DC conversion by sharing power converter switching among the two converters.