Description:MULTI-SOURCE ADAPTIVE ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to electric vehicle charging systems, particularly to a charging station with multiple power sources and conversion units, and a control system for adaptive charging based on battery requirements.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The description in the Background section includes general information related to the field of the present application. The background is only meant to provide context to a reader in understanding the present invention. It is neither to be taken as an admission that any of the provided information relates to prior art for the presently claimed invention nor that any publication explicitly or implicitly referenced within this section relates to prior art. The background section is merely meant to be illustrative rather than exhaustive and is primarily intended to identify problems associated with the present state of the art.
[0003] The advent of electric vehicles (EVs) has marked a significant shift in the landscape of personal and public transportation, heralding a move towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. The transition is underpinned by the development and deployment of an efficient, reliable, and accessible charging infrastructure, which is critical to supporting the widespread adoption of EVs. The charging infrastructure serves as the backbone of the EV ecosystem, ensuring that vehicles can be powered in a manner that is both convenient and compatible with the demands of modern transportation. However, as the number of EVs on the roads continues to grow, the existing charging infrastructure, primarily designed around conventional paradigms of power supply and energy management, faces significant challenges.
[0004] Conventional EV charging stations are predominantly reliant on a single source of power, usually derived from the electrical power grid. The grid, in turn, is often powered by non-renewable energy sources, which contributes to the environmental footprint of EV charging and introduces limitations in terms of scalability, sustainability, and efficiency of the charging process. The reliance on a singular power source constrains the flexibility of the charging infrastructure and the ability to adapt to varying energy demands and supply conditions. During periods of peak energy demand, for example, the existing infrastructure may struggle to provide adequate charging services without imposing additional strain on the electrical grid. Such situation is further complicated by the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, which, despite their potential to contribute to a more sustainable charging solution, present challenges in terms of energy storage and management.
[0005] The integration of multiple power sources, including renewable energy options, into the charging infrastructure offers a promising avenue to address such challenges. Such an approach enhances the sustainability and environmental performance of EV charging stations and improves their resilience and adaptability to fluctuations in energy supply and demand. However, the effective management of multiple power sources necessitates power conversion and energy storage solutions. The solutions must be capable of efficiently handling the variability of renewable energy outputs, ensuring that energy is available when needed and stored effectively for future use.
[0006] Furthermore, the conventional charging infrastructure often lacks the capability to dynamically adjust the charging process to the specific needs of individual EV battery packs. Such limitation can lead to suboptimal charging experiences, affecting the efficiency, speed, and overall effectiveness of the charging process. The conventional charging infrastructure also raises concerns regarding the longevity and performance of EV batteries, as inappropriate charging parameters can contribute to faster degradation and reduced battery life. To overcome such issues, advanced charging stations equipped with intelligent control systems are required. The systems should be capable of analyzing the energy requirements and charging state of battery pack of each vehicle, enabling the charging process to be tailored to optimize both the charging time and the health of the battery.
[0007] In addition to the technical challenges, safety remains a paramount concern in the design and operation of EV charging stations. Traditional charging infrastructure may lack safety mechanisms to monitor and manage the risks associated with electrical charging, including the potential for overcharging, short-circuiting, and other electrical faults. The development of advanced safety features, including circuit breakers and energy sensing devices, provides the safe and reliable operation of charging stations, particularly in environments where multiple power sources and high-capacity energy storage systems are employed.
[0008] In light of the above discussion, there exists an urgent need for solutions that overcome the problems associated with conventional systems and techniques for charging EVs. The solutions should embrace a multi-faceted approach, incorporating multiple sources of power, energy management and conversion technologies, dynamic charging control mechanisms, and safety systems. By addressing such challenges, the next generation of EV charging infrastructure can provide the foundation for a more sustainable, efficient, and user-friendly EV ecosystem.
SUMMARY
[0009] An electric vehicle (EV) charging station is developed to efficiently manage the delivery of power to EVs. The EV charging station comprises a power source unit that incorporates multiple power sources, including a primary power source, several secondary power sources, and at least one energy storage device dedicated to storing the electrical energy produced by the secondary sources. The integration of diverse power sources provides a consistent and reliable energy supply. The station features a power conversion section containing multiple units capable of converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and adjusting energy level of DC, facilitating the flexibility to cater to different EV requirements. Each charging section within the station receives DC from the power conversion section and includes an energy adjuster unit for modifying the DC energy level. Moreover, a dispensing unit within each charging section is responsible for delivering the adjusted DC to battery pack of EV. The energy adjuster unit comprises an energy information gathering component and an energy sensing device to monitor the charging process closely and a circuit breaker to manage the connection safely. The control unit of the station plays a pivotal role in analyzing energy information and charging state data, selecting the appropriate power source and conversion unit based on the energy requirements of EV, and ensuring the charging process is optimized according to the current state of battery pack.
[0010] In an embodiment, the charging station is enhanced with a bidirectional DC to DC converter. Such features allow for the efficient management of electrical energy, facilitating both the supply to and withdrawal from each energy storage device. Such a converter significantly improves the adaptability of EV charging station to varying power demands, ensuring a more sustainable and efficient energy utilization.
[0011] In another embodiment, the incorporation of a remote monitoring and diagnostics system is presented. The remote monitoring and diagnostics system communicates with the control unit, enabling the continuous monitoring of the performance of EV charging station and the health of the components. Utilizing a cloud-based platform, the remote monitoring and diagnostics system allows for off-site management and data analysis, offering significant advantages in terms of operational efficiency and proactive maintenance strategies.
[0012] In a further embodiment, the charging station introduces a battery swapping unit. Such feature houses multiple charged batteries, enabling a swift exchange of depleted batteries with fully charged ones. Such a capability is particularly beneficial in scenarios where time constraints are a concern, providing an expedient alternative to conventional charging methods.
[0013] In an additional embodiment, a control section of the EV charging station is comprises an open charge point protocol (OCPP) and metering capabilities. Such integration facilitates EV charging and billing services, ensuring a seamless and user-friendly interface for EV owners. The inclusion of OCPP enhances the interoperability across different charging networks, promoting a standardized charging ecosystem.
[0014] In another embodiment, a fast-charging mode is made available through the utilization of a specific power conversion unit. The fast-charging mode expedite the energy delivery to the battery pack of EV, significantly reducing the charging time and enhancing the overall user experience for EV owners in need of quick charging solutions.
[0015] In an embodiment, the EV charging system comprises an enclosure mounted on a rotating base is introduced. Said arrangement assures optimal user accessibility by allowing the orientation of the enclosure to be adjusted. The enclosure houses a power source unit with multiple power sources and a power conversion section containing units for AC to DC conversion and energy level adjustment. Multiple charging sections comprises energy adjuster units and dispensing units are strategically placed on the panels of enclosure, enabling efficient energy delivery to the battery pack of EV. The dispensing unit includes a unique retractable reel mechanism, ensuring a tidy and safe charging environment. Furthermore, a charging connector comprises an automated alignment system that facilitates connection to the battery pack of EV, streamlining the charging process.
[0016] In an embodiment, the charging system introduces a tension control mechanism integrated into the retractable reel. The tension control mechanism adjusts the retraction force applied to the dispensing unit, enhancing the operational safety and user convenience by preventing undue stress on the charging cable and connector.
[0017] In another embodiment, a load-balancing system within the power conversion section is included. The load-balancing system evenly distributes the electrical load across multiple charging sections, ensuring optimal use of the charging infrastructure and prolonging the lifespan of the components by avoiding overload conditions.
[0018] In a further embodiment, the charging system incorporates a rainwater collection system integrated into the upper surface of enclosure. The rainwater collection system diverts water away from electrical and mechanical components, safeguarding the charging station against water-induced damage and contributing to longevity.
[0019] In another embodiment, the charging system comprises a retractable protective cover for the charging connector. Automatically deployed when not in use, the retractable protective cover protects the connector from environmental elements, ensuring durability and reliability over time.
[0020] In yet another embodiment, the enclosure comprises a modular accessory port. Said port allows for the attachment of additional tools, such as payment systems, advertising displays, or EV user interface terminals. The versatility introduced by the modular accessory port enhances the functionality of the charging system, offering a tailored charging experience to meet diverse user needs.
[0021] In a final embodiment, a foldable wind deflector is integrated into the upper surface of enclosure. The deflector reduces wind resistance and prevent damage from high-velocity winds when the charging system is not in use, enabling the structural integrity and operational readiness of the system under various environmental conditions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The summary above, as well as the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, exemplary constructions of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to specific methods and instrumentalities disclosed herein.
[0023] Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following diagrams.
[0024] FIG. 1 illustrates an electric vehicle (EV) charging station (100), in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 2 illustrates an electric vehicle (EV) charging system (200), in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0026] FIG. 3 depicts an electric vehicle (EV) charging system architecture, in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0027] The following paragraphs in the Detailed Description section provide a detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the claimed subject matter for the present invention. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following paragraphs to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It is to be noted however that the invention may be practiced according to the claims without some or all of these specific details. For the purposes of maintaining succinctness, technical information that is well-known in the technical field of the invention has not been described in detail.
[0028] The various features and advantages offered by the embodiments of the present invention would become clear from reading the description in addition to referring to the drawings appended at the end of this application. It is to be understood that the claimed subject matter is not merely limited to the various implementations of the disclosed systems, methods, apparatuses and the like that solve any or all disadvantages noted in any part of this disclosure but also encompasses numerous alternatives, modifications and equivalent combinations of the same. Thus, the disclosed embodiments are to be considered to be illustrative rather than being limited to any particular embodiment.
[0029] All references cited in the Detailed Description, including publications, patent applications, and patents, are incorporated to the same extent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety.
[0030] In the drawings, an underlined number is employed to represent an item over which the underlined number is positioned or an item to which the underlined number is adjacent. Further, a non-underlined number relates to an item identified by a curved or a straight line linking the non-underlined number to the item. Moreover, a number that is non-underlined and accompanied by an associated arrow identifies a general item pointed to by the arrow.
[0031] Expressions such as “including”, “comprising”, “incorporating”, “consisting of”, “have”, “is” used to describe and claim the present invention are intended to be construed in a non-exclusive, non-restrictive and/or non-limiting manner, namely allowing for items, components or elements not explicitly described also to be incorporated without departing from the scope of the claimed subject matter. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural. Numerals included within parentheses in the accompanying claims are intended to assist in understanding the claims and should not be construed in any way to limit the claimed subject matter.
[0032] FIG. 1 illustrates an electric vehicle (EV) charging station (100), in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The EV charging station (100) comprises a power source unit (102), a power conversion section (106), the multiple charging sections (110), a control unit (122) and other known components of an EV charging mechanism.
[0033] In an embodiment, the power source unit (102) comprises multiple power sources (104), wherein said power sources (104) are selected from a group consisting of a primary power source (104-A), a plurality of secondary power sources (104-B) and least one energy storage device (104-C).
[0034] In an embodiment, the primary power source (104-A) serves as the conventional source of electrical energy. The primary power source (104-A) typically includes, but is not limited to, the power grid from which electrical energy (that is alternating current (AC)) is directly obtained. The inclusion of such primary power source (104-A) enables the EV charging station (100) to remain operational, even in scenarios where the secondary power sources (104-B) do not produce sufficient energy.
[0035] In an embodiment, the plurality of secondary power sources (104-B) constitutes renewable energy sources. The secondary power sources (104-B) comprise, but are not limited to, wind turbines and photovoltaic (PV) panels. The integration of the renewable energy sources into the power source unit (102) contributes to the sustainability and eco-friendliness of the EV charging station (100). Each secondary power source (104-B) can generate electrical energy independently, thus providing a supplementary energy supply that reduces reliance on the primary power source (104-A).
[0036] In an embodiment, at least one energy storage device (104-C) is included within the power source unit (102) to store electrical energy generated by each secondary power source (104-B). The energy storage device (104-C) allows energy management within the EV charging station (100). The least one energy storage device (104-C) enables the accumulation of electrical energy during periods of high energy production by the secondary power sources (104-B), for use during periods of low energy production or high energy demand.
[0037] In an embodiment, the power conversion section (106) comprises the multiple power conversion units (108), which are integral for the efficient operation of the EV charging station (100), enabling that EVs can be effectively charged regardless of their specific power requirements. The power conversion section (106) accommodates various electrical energy forms and levels, thereby enhancing the versatility and utility of the EV charging station (100).
[0038] In an embodiment, the power conversion units (108) are selected from a group that includes but is not limited to a first power conversion unit (108-A), a second power conversion unit (108-B) and a third power conversion unit (108-C). Each power conversion unit (108) is specialized for a specific type of power conversion.
[0039] In an embodiment, the first power conversion unit (108-A) serves as a bidirectional AC to DC converter. The first power conversion unit (108-A) can convert AC to DC and vice versa. The ability to convert in both directions is important for applications where both input and output may vary between AC and DC, such as in vehicle-to-grid (V2G) systems or when integrating renewable energy sources. The bidirectional AC to DC converter enables EV charging station (100) can charge EVs and support the grid or store energy when necessary.
[0040] In an embodiment, the second power conversion unit (108-B) converts AC to DC. Such conversion is essential for the majority of EV charging applications, as EVs typically store energy in DC form within their battery packs.
[0041] In an embodiment, the third power conversion unit (108-C) focuses on converting DC from a first energy level to a second energy level. Such capability is particularly important for adjusting the charging speed and for enabling compatibility with EVs that may require different charging voltages. By providing the ability to convert between different DC energy levels, the EV charging station (100) can accommodate a wide range of EV models and charging specifications, further broadening the applicability.
[0042] In an embodiment, the multiple charging sections (110) receive DC from the power conversion section (106). The charging sections (110) enable the distribution of electrical energy to various EVs. Within each charging section (110), an energy adjuster unit (112) is incorporated (that follows protocols such as low electrical vehicle direct current (LEVDC) protocol for 2W/3W EV, combined charging system (CCS2) Protocol for 4W EV, CHAdeMO protocol for 4W EV and GB/T protocol for 3W /4W EV, etc.). The energy adjuster unit (112) modifies the electrical characteristics of the received DC. Specifically, said energy adjuster unit (112) alters the DC from the second energy level, as output by the power conversion section (106), to a third energy level suitable for charging of EVs.
[0043] In an embodiment, the modification process executed by the energy adjuster unit (112) involves either stepping up or stepping down the voltages of the received DC. Such adjustment assures that DC is at an optimal energy level for efficiently charging EVs connected to the EV charging station (100). By providing the capability to adjust the voltage of the received DC, the charging sections (110) cater to the needs of various EV models with differing charging specifications.
[0044] In an embodiment, each charging section (110) within the EV charging station (100) operates independently. Such independence allows for simultaneous charging of multiple EVs, each at their required energy level. The inclusion of multiple charging sections (110) with energy adjuster units (112) enhances the versatility and utility of the EV charging station (100).
[0045] In an embodiment, each charging section (110) of the EV charging station (100) facilitates the delivery of altered DC (converted from the second level to the third level) to an energy reception unit (which can be a charging port of EV). The energy reception unit is coupled to a battery pack of the EV. Within each charging section (110), a dispensing unit (114) is provided for coupling the charging section (110) to the energy reception unit. The dispensing unit (114) comprises an energy information gathering unit (116), an energy sensing device (118), and a circuit breaker (120).
[0046] In an embodiment, the energy information gathering unit (116) captures energy information relative to the battery pack of the EV. Such capture of energy information occurs upon the coupling of the dispensing unit (114) with the energy reception unit. Such a process enables acquisition of relevant data concerning the charging requirements of battery pack before the initiation of the charging process. Such energy information optimizes the charging strategy to match the specific needs of the battery pack.
[0047] In an embodiment, the energy sensing device (118) determines charging state information (current level of charging) of the battery pack. Through determination of the charging state of battery pack, the energy sensing device (118) allows the charging process to be adjusted in real-time. Such adjustment prevents the overcharging or undercharging of the battery pack.
[0048] In an embodiment, the circuit breaker (120) is integrated into the dispensing unit (114), wherein the circuit breaker (120) disables the connection between the dispensing unit (114) and the energy reception unit. The disconnection capability enhances the safety of the charging process. In instances where anomalies or hazardous conditions are detected, the circuit breaker (120) acts promptly to interrupt the flow of electrical energy. The interruption prevents damage to the EV, the battery pack, and the EV charging station (100) itself.
[0049] In an embodiment, said control unit (122) performs several functions aimed at optimizing the charging process, enabling efficiency, and maintaining the integrity of the battery pack of EV. Initially, said control unit (122) acquiring energy information captured by the dispensing unit (114) and information pertaining to the charging state determined by the same dispensing unit (114). The acquisition of said energy information is important for the subsequent steps that involve analysis and decision-making processes.
[0050] In an embodiment, following the acquisition, an analysis of the acquired energy information is conducted by the control unit (122) to ascertain energy requirement. The analysis of acquired energy information allows the control unit (122) to understand the specific energy needs of the EV based on an energy requirement (power rating) of battery pack. The determination of energy requirement permits the control unit (122) to make informed decisions regarding the selection of appropriate resources for charging the EV.
[0051] In an embodiment, a selection process is further carried out by the control unit (122), wherein a power source (104) and a power conversion unit (108) are chosen from among multiple power sources (104) and multiple power conversion units (108), respectively. The selection is based on the determined energy requirement. The selection of power source (104) and power conversion unit (108) enables that the most suitable power source (104) and power conversion unit (108) are utilized for the charging process, thereby optimizing the efficiency of energy transfer, and minimizing wastage.
[0052] In an embodiment, the control unit (122) analyses the acquired charging state information to determine the current charging state of the battery pack. The analysis of acquired charging state information enables determination of current charging state of battery pack for receiving charge at any given moment and for identifying the most appropriate charging phase based on the current charging state of battery pack.
[0053] Finally, based on the determined current charging state of the battery pack, the control unit (122) controls a circuit breaker (120). The control of the circuit breaker (120) facilitates the charging of the EV. The control involves the regulation of electrical flow to the EV, enabling charging to be carried out safely and efficiently according to the current charging state of battery pack and the determined energy requirements.
[0054] In an embodiment, the EV charging station (100) may comprise a bidirectional DC to DC converter to supply and withdraw electrical energy to/from each energy storage device (104-C). The bidirectional DC to DC converter manages the flow of electrical energy, enabling that energy can be both supplied to and withdrawn from the energy storage devices (104-C) efficiently. Such capability maintains the balance of electrical charge, allowing for the optimization of energy usage and the enhancement of the overall performance of the EV charging station (100).
[0055] In another embodiment, the EV charging station (100) may further comprise a remote monitoring and diagnostics system to communicate with the control unit (122) for monitoring the performance and diagnosing the health of said EV charging station (100). The remote monitoring and diagnostics system assists the collection and analysis of data related to the operational status and health of the EV charging station (100). By utilizing the remote monitoring and diagnostics system, issues can be identified and addressed promptly, enabling the reliable operation of the EV charging station (100).
[0056] In a further embodiment, the remote monitoring and diagnostics system may utilize a cloud-based platform to allow for off-site management and data analysis. The cloud-based platform manages the EV charging station (100) from remote locations, enabling operators to access real-time data and perform diagnostic assessments without the need for physical presence at the site. The cloud-based approach enhances the flexibility and efficiency of charging station management, allowing for the optimization of operational procedures and the implementation of predictive maintenance strategies.
[0057] In yet another embodiment, the EV charging station (100) may further comprise a battery swapping unit that comprises multiple charged batteries. The battery swapping unit permits the exchange of depleted batteries with charged battery packs, offering an alternative to traditional charging methods. The battery swapping unit provides a rapid solution for EV users seeking to minimize downtime associated with recharging batteries, thereby enhancing the convenience and efficiency of the EV charging experience.
[0058] In another embodiment, the EV charging station (100) wherein the control unit (122) may comprise an open charge point protocol (OCPP) and metering capability for EV charging and billing services. The integration of OCPP and metering capabilities into the control section (122) facilitates the standardized communication between EV charging station (100) and network management systems, enabling interoperability and efficient management of charging operations. The metering capability facilitates measurement of electricity consumption for billing purposes. Such arrangement makes sure that users are billed fairly for the energy consumed during the charging process.
[0059] In an embodiment, the multiple charging sections (110) may comprise a fast-charging mode enabled by the third power conversion unit (108-C) for rapid energy delivery to the battery pack. The fast-charging mode represents an essential feature for users requiring quick recharging of their EVs, significantly reducing the time spent at the EV charging station (100). By employing the third power conversion unit (108-C) for fast charging, the EV charging station (100) can deliver high levels of electrical energy in a short period, facilitating the rapid replenishment of the battery pack. Such capability is particularly important for enhancing the usability and appeal of EVs, offering a practical solution for EV owners who prioritize convenience and time efficiency in their charging experience.
[0060] FIG. 2 illustrates an electric vehicle (EV) charging system (200), in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The EV charging system (200) disclosed herein comprises a power source unit (202) (like power source unit (102) of FIG. 1) that is composed of multiple power sources (204) (similar to multiple power sources 104 of FIG. 1), enabling an efficient approach to energy acquisition and distribution. Said power sources (204) are selected from a group that comprises a primary power source (204-A) (similar to primary power source (104-A) of FIG. 1) and a plurality of secondary power sources (204-B) (similar to secondary power source (104-B) of FIG. 1). The primary power source (204-A) may be typically a power grid, enabling a steady and reliable supply of electricity (AC) for the charging of EVs. On the other hand, the secondary power sources (204-B) include renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV) cells and wind turbines, which provide an eco-friendly alternative to conventional power supply methods.
[0061] In an embodiment, integration of the diverse power sources into the EV charging system (200) allows for the optimization of energy usage, contributing to the overall efficiency and sustainability of the charging process. The inclusion of renewable energy sources highlights the commitment to environmental conservation and the reduction of carbon footprint associated with EV charging. The power source unit (202), by harnessing energy from both the primary power source (204-A) and the secondary power sources (204-B), assures that the EV charging system (200) can adapt to varying energy availability and demand scenarios.
[0062] In an embodiment, the most appropriate power source (204) may be selected based on criteria such as availability, cost, and environmental impact. Such intelligent selection process is important in maximizing the efficiency of the EV charging system (200) while minimizing operational costs and environmental impact. The ability to seamlessly switch between power sources (204) allows charging of battery pack in the most efficient manner possible.
[0063] In an embodiment, EV charging system (200) comprises an enclosure (206) mounted on a rotating base (208). The purpose of the rotating base (208) is to adjust the orientation of the enclosure (206), thereby facilitating access for users from various angles. Such orientation flexibility makes sure that the EV charging system (200) can be easily interacted with, regardless of the spatial constraints of the installation environment.
[0064] In an embodiment, the enclosure (206) compris

Such design enhances the efficiency and utility of the EV charging system (200) by accommodating a higher number of EVs within the same timeframe.
[0073] In an embodiment, each charging section (216) of the EV charging system (200) comprises a dispensing unit (220) (similar to dispensing unit (114) of FIG.1). Said dispensing unit (220) comprises a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end is connected to the charging section (216) via a retractable reel (222), which comprises a cable reel locking mechanism. The cable reel locking mechanism enables secure retraction and extension of the dispensing unit (220), enabling the dispensing unit (220) is kept in an optimal condition and is readily available when needed. The distal end of the dispensing unit (220) comprises a charging connector (224). The charging connector (224) is integrated with an automated alignment system (226), which comprises one or more sensors and one or more actuators. The automated alignment system (226) facilitates the precise alignment of the charging connector (224) with the battery pack and/or an on-board charger of the EV.
[0074] In an embodiment, the charging connector (224) comprises an energy information gathering unit (228) (similar to energy information gathering unit (116) of FIG. 1). The role of the energy information gathering unit (228) is to capture energy information relative to the battery pack of the EV upon the coupling of the charging connector (224). The captured energy information is vital for optimizing the charging process, as the captured energy information allows the charging system to adapt the charging parameters based on the specific needs of the battery pack. Additionally, an energy sensing device (230) (similar to energy sensing device (118) of FIG. 1) is included within the charging connector (224). The purpose of the energy sensing device (230) is to determine charging state information of the battery pack.
[0075] In an embodiment, a circuit breaker (232) (similar to circuit breaker (120) of FIG. 1) is also a part of the charging connector (224). The circuit breaker (232) enables/disables the connection between the charging connector (224) and the battery pack. Such safety feature prevents electrical faults and enabling the safety of the EV charging system (200) and the users.
[0076] In an embodiment, within said enclosure, a control unit (234) (similar to control unit (122) of FIG. 1) is mounted, playing an important role in the operational efficiency of the EV charging system (200). The control unit (234) performs acquisition of energy information (energy rating of battery pack) captured by the charging connector (224) and the determined charging state information (current charging state). Following the acquisition, a thorough analysis of the captured energy information is conducted by the control unit (234) to ascertain the energy requirement.
[0077] In an embodiment, based on the determined energy requirement, a selection process is initiated by the control unit (234) to identify the most suitable power source (204) and power conversion unit (214) from among the multiple power source units (202) and the multiple power conversion units (214) respectively. Furthermore, the control unit (234) undertakes an analysis of the acquired charging state information. Through said analysis, the current charging state of the battery pack is determined, which is essential for ascertaining the capacity of battery pack to accept charge and the optimal charging strategy to be employed.
[0078] In an embodiment, upon determining the current charging state of the battery, the control unit (234) executes control over the circuit breaker (232). Such control is exercised based on the identified current charging state, enabling or disabling the charging process as required. Such an approach makes sure that charging is conducted in a manner that is both efficient and safe, preventing overcharging or undercharging of the battery pack of EV.
[0079] In an embodiment a pair of telescopic arms (236) extend from the enclosure (206). Said telescopic arms (236) positions the charging connector (224) with respect to the battery pack of the EV. The operation of said telescopic arms (236) is facilitated by a mechanism within the enclosure (206), which provides precise movement and alignment of the charging connector (224) with the charging port of battery pack. Through the deployment of the telescopic arms (236), the EV charging system (200) fosters efficient and reliable connection between the charging connector (224) and the battery pack of EV.
[0080] In an embodiment, the retractable reel (222) may comprise a tension control mechanism that adjusts the retraction force applied to the dispensing unit (220), thereby enabling that the dispensing unit (220) is retracted with an optimal force that prevents damage to the dispensing unit (220). The incorporation of said tension control mechanism into the retractable reel (222) enhances the durability and reliability of the charging system by preventing the dispensing unit (220) from becoming tangled or excessively stretched.
[0081] In another embodiment, the EV charging system (200) may comprises a load-balancing system within the power conversion section (212). Said load-balancing system distributes electrical load evenly across multiple charging sections (216), thereby optimizing the efficiency of the power conversion process. The distribution assures that each EV connected to the EV charging system (200) receives a consistent and stable power supply, reducing the risk of overloading any single charging section.
[0082] In a further embodiment, the EV charging system (200) may comprise a rainwater collection system integrated into the upper surface (206-C) of the enclosure (206). Said rainwater collection system diverts water away from electrical and mechanical components, thereby protecting the EV charging system (200) from water-induced damage. Said feature enhances the durability and reliability of the EV charging system (200) and contributes to sustainable water management practices by collecting rainwater that can be repurposed for other uses.
[0083] In a further embodiment, the EV charging system (200) may comprise a retractable protective cover for the charging connector (224). Said retractable protective cover is automatically deployed when the charging connector (224) is not in use, protecting the charging connector (224) from environmental elements such as dust, rain, and snow. The inclusion of the protective cover extends the lifespan of the charging connector (224) by preventing damage and wear from exposure to harsh environmental conditions.
[0084] In another embodiment, the EV charging system (200) may comprise an enclosure (206) that comprises a modular accessory port. Said modular accessory port allows for the attachment of additional tools selected from a group consisting of a payment system, an advertising display, or an EV user interface terminal. The modular design approach allows the EV charging system (200) to be customized according to specific user needs and operational requirements, enhancing the functionality and user experience of the EV charging system (200). The versatility provided by the modular accessory port demonstrates a forward-thinking design that accommodates future expansions and integrations.
[0085] In a final embodiment, the EV charging system (200) may comprise a foldable wind deflector on the upper surface (206-C) of the enclosure (206). Said foldable wind deflector reduces wind resistance and prevent damage from high-velocity winds when the EV charging system (200) is not in use. Such feature enhances the stability and durability of the EV charging system (200).
[0086] In an embodiment, the EV charging system (200) incorporates a dynamic load balancing system within the control unit (234). Said integration is specifically aimed at addressing the distribution of energy demand across multiple power sources (204) during periods of peak load. Through the deployment of such dynamic load balancing system, optimization of energy distribution is achieved, thereby mitigating the risk of overload on any single power source (204). The control unit (234) enables the monitoring and adjustment of energy flow, affirming that the distribution is conducted in a manner that maintains the efficiency and reliability of the EV charging system (200). By catering to the fluctuating demands of energy consumption, the EV charging system (200) promotes a stable and uninterrupted charging process for EVs.
[0087] In another embodiment, the EV charging system (200) comprises a rotating base (208) equipped with an adaptive foundation system. Said adaptive foundation unit automatically adjusts to uneven ground surfaces, facilitating the level positioning and stability of the enclosure (206). The incorporation of adaptive foundation unit within the rotating base (208) exemplifies the approach towards enabling the operational integrity and reliability of the EV charging system (200) under varying environmental conditions. By adapting to the irregularities of the ground surface, the rotating base (208) maintains the enclosure (206) in a stable and level orientation, which is fundamental for the optimal functioning of the EV charging system (200).
[0088] FIG. 3 depicts an electric vehicle (EV) charging system architecture, in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The system comprises a control section that manages operations and communications, including remote monitoring and diagnostics through the Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP). Energy inputs from the grid, wind turbines, and solar arrays (PV) undergo conversion through AC-DC and DC-DC converters to accommodate different charging standards. For two and three-wheel EVs, a bidirectional DC-DC converter adheres to the LEVDC protocol. Four-wheel EVs are serviced by converters compatible with both the CCS2 and CHAdeMO protocols. Additionally, the architecture includes a converter following the GB/T standard for three and four-wheel vehicles. A feature is the battery swapping unit that operates using the CAN protocol, facilitating a rapid exchange of energy storage devices. Each charging point also integrates a mobile charging and infotainment system, enhancing user experience during the charging process.
[0089] Table. 1 illustrates an exemplary representation of multiple EV with their corresponding power requirements and the recommended power sources and converters, in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the table. 1 categorizes EVs by type and power needs, pairing them with suitable energy sources and converters. Two-wheel EVs, with the lowest power demand, utilize solar energy and DC-DC converters. Three-wheel EVs require moderate power and can harness wind energy, using AC-DC converters. Light four-wheel EVs have slightly higher needs and may use a combination of wind and solar power, with AC-DC conversion. Standard and heavy-duty four-wheel EVs, with high and very high-power requirements, respectively, draw from the main power grid and employ bidirectional AC-DC converters to manage their more substantial charging needs.
Vehicle Type Power Requirement Recommended Power Source Recommended Power Converter
2W EV Low PV Array DC-DC Converter
3W EV Medium Wind Turbine AC-DC Converter
Light 4W EV Medium-High Wind Turbine/PV Array AC-DC Converter
Standard 4W EV High Power Grid Bidirectional AC-DC Converter
Heavy-duty 4W EV Very High Power Grid Bidirectional AC-DC Converter
Table. 1
[0090] Example embodiments herein have been described above with reference to block diagrams and flowchart illustrations of methods and apparatuses. It will be understood that each block of the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, respectively, can be implemented by various means including hardware, software, firmware, and a combination thereof. For example, in one embodiment, each block of the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks.
[0091] Throughout the present disclosure, the term ‘processing means’ or ‘microprocessor’ or ‘processor’ or ‘processors’ includes, but is not limited to, a general purpose processor (such as, for example, a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, a microprocessor implementing other types of instruction sets, or a microprocessor implementing a combination of types of instruction sets) or a specialized processor (such as, for example, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), or a network processor).
[0092] The term “non-transitory storage device” or “storage” or “memory,” as used herein relates to a random access memory, read only memory and variants thereof, in which a computer can store data or software for any duration.
[0093] Operations in accordance with a variety of aspects of the disclosure is described above would not have to be performed in the precise order described. Rather, various steps can be handled in reverse order or simultaneously or not at all.
[0094] While several implementations have been described and illustrated herein, a variety of other means and/or structures for performing the function and/or obtaining the results and/or one or more of the advantages described herein may be utilized, and each of such variations and/or modifications is deemed to be within the scope of the implementations described herein. More generally, all parameters, dimensions, materials, and configurations described herein are meant to be exemplary and that the actual parameters, dimensions, materials, and/or configurations will depend upon the specific application or applications for which the teachings is/are used. Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific implementations described herein. It is, therefore, to be understood that the foregoing implementations are presented by way of example only and that, within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereto, implementations may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described and claimed. Implementations of the present disclosure are directed to each individual feature, system, article, material, kit, and/or method described herein. In addition, any combination of two or more such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods, if such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods are not mutually inconsistent, is included within the scope of the present disclosure.

MULTI-SOURCE ADAPTIVE ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATION

TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to electric vehicle charging systems, particularly to a charging station with multiple power sources and conversion units, and a control system for adaptive charging based on battery requirements.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The description in the Background section includes general information related to the field of the present application. The background is only meant to provide context to a reader in understanding the present invention. It is neither to be taken as an admission that any of the provided information relates to prior art for the presently claimed invention nor that any publication explicitly or implicitly referenced within this section relates to prior art. The background section is merely meant to be illustrative rather than exhaustive and is primarily intended to identify problems associated with the present state of the art.
[0003] The advent of electric vehicles (EVs) has marked a significant shift in the landscape of personal and public transportation, heralding a move towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. The transition is underpinned by the development and deployment of an efficient, reliable, and accessible charging infrastructure, which is critical to supporting the widespread adoption of EVs. The charging infrastructure serves as the backbone of the EV ecosystem, ensuring that vehicles can be powered in a manner that is both convenient and compatible with the demands of modern transportation. However, as the number of EVs on the roads continues to grow, the existing charging infrastructure, primarily designed around conventional paradigms of power supply and energy management, faces significant challenges.
[0004] Conventional EV charging stations are predominantly reliant on a single source of power, usually derived from the electrical power grid. The grid, in turn, is often powered by non-renewable energy sources, which contributes to the environmental footprint of EV charging and introduces limitations in terms of scalability, sustainability, and efficiency of the charging process. The reliance on a singular power source constrains the flexibility of the charging infrastructure and the ability to adapt to varying energy demands and supply conditions. During periods of peak energy demand, for example, the existing infrastructure may struggle to provide adequate charging services without imposing additional strain on the electrical grid. Such situation is further complicated by the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, which, despite their potential to contribute to a more sustainable charging solution, present challenges in terms of energy storage and management.
[0005] The integration of multiple power sources, including renewable energy options, into the charging infrastructure offers a promising avenue to address such challenges. Such an approach enhances the sustainability and environmental performance of EV charging stations and improves their resilience and adaptability to fluctuations in energy supply and demand. However, the effective management of multiple power sources necessitates power conversion and energy storage solutions. The solutions must be capable of efficiently handling the variability of renewable energy outputs, ensuring that energy is available when needed and stored effectively for future use.
[0006] Furthermore, the conventional charging infrastructure often lacks the capability to dynamically adjust the charging process to the specific needs of individual EV battery packs. Such limitation can lead to suboptimal charging experiences, affecting the efficiency, speed, and overall effectiveness of the charging process. The conventional charging infrastructure also raises concerns regarding the longevity and performance of EV batteries, as inappropriate charging parameters can contribute to faster degradation and reduced battery life. To overcome such issues, advanced charging stations equipped with intelligent control systems are required. The systems should be capable of analyzing the energy requirements and charging state of battery pack of each vehicle, enabling the charging process to be tailored to optimize both the charging time and the health of the battery.
[0007] In addition to the technical challenges, safety remains a paramount concern in the design and operation of EV charging stations. Traditional charging infrastructure may lack safety mechanisms to monitor and manage the risks associated with electrical charging, including the potential for overcharging, short-circuiting, and other electrical faults. The development of advanced safety features, including circuit breakers and energy sensing devices, provides the safe and reliable operation of charging stations, particularly in environments where multiple power sources and high-capacity energy storage systems are employed.
[0008] In light of the above discussion, there exists an urgent need for solutions that overcome the problems associated with conventional systems and techniques for charging EVs. The solutions should embrace a multi-faceted approach, incorporating multiple sources of power, energy management and conversion technologies, dynamic charging control mechanisms, and safety systems. By addressing such challenges, the next generation of EV charging infrastructure can provide the foundation for a more sustainable, efficient, and user-friendly EV ecosystem.
SUMMARY
[0009] An electric vehicle (EV) charging station is developed to efficiently manage the delivery of power to EVs. The EV charging station comprises a power source unit that incorporates multiple power sources, including a primary power source, several secondary power sources, and at least one energy storage device dedicated to storing the electrical energy produced by the secondary sources. The integration of diverse power sources provides a consistent and reliable energy supply. The station features a power conversion section containing multiple units capable of converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and adjusting energy level of DC, facilitating the flexibility to cater to different EV requirements. Each charging section within the station receives DC from the power conversion section and includes an energy adjuster unit for modifying the DC energy level. Moreover, a dispensing unit within each charging section is responsible for delivering the adjusted DC to battery pack of EV. The energy adjuster unit comprises an energy information gathering component and an energy sensing device to monitor the charging process closely and a circuit breaker to manage the connection safely. The control unit of the station plays a pivotal role in analyzing energy information and charging state data, selecting the appropriate power source and conversion unit based on the energy requirements of EV, and ensuring the charging process is optimized according to the current state of battery pack.
[0010] In an embodiment, the charging station is enhanced with a bidirectional DC to DC converter. Such features allow for the efficient management of electrical energy, facilitating both the supply to and withdrawal from each energy storage device. Such a converter significantly improves the adaptability of EV charging station to varying power demands, ensuring a more sustainable and efficient energy utilization.
[0011] In another embodiment, the incorporation of a remote monitoring and diagnostics system is presented. The remote monitoring and diagnostics system communicates with the control unit, enabling the continuous monitoring of the performance of EV charging station and the health of the components. Utilizing a cloud-based platform, the remote monitoring and diagnostics system allows for off-site management and data analysis, offering significant advantages in terms of operational efficiency and proactive maintenance strategies.
[0012] In a further embodiment, the charging station introduces a battery swapping unit. Such feature houses multiple charged batteries, enabling a swift exchange of depleted batteries with fully charged ones. Such a capability is particularly beneficial in scenarios where time constraints are a concern, providing an expedient alternative to conventional charging methods.
[0013] In an additional embodiment, a control section of the EV charging station is comprises an open charge point protocol (OCPP) and metering capabilities. Such integration facilitates EV charging and billing services, ensuring a seamless and user-friendly interface for EV owners. The inclusion of OCPP enhances the interoperability across different charging networks, promoting a standardized charging ecosystem.
[0014] In another embodiment, a fast-charging mode is made available through the utilization of a specific power conversion unit. The fast-charging mode expedite the energy delivery to the battery pack of EV, significantly reducing the charging time and enhancing the overall user experience for EV owners in need of quick charging solutions.
[0015] In an embodiment, the EV charging system comprises an enclosure mounted on a rotating base is introduced. Said arrangement assures optimal user accessibility by allowing the orientation of the enclosure to be adjusted. The enclosure houses a power source unit with multiple power sources and a power conversion section containing units for AC to DC conversion and energy level adjustment. Multiple charging sections comprises energy adjuster units and dispensing units are strategically placed on the panels of enclosure, enabling efficient energy delivery to the battery pack of EV. The dispensing unit includes a unique retractable reel mechanism, ensuring a tidy and safe charging environment. Furthermore, a charging connector comprises an automated alignment system that facilitates connection to the battery pack of EV, streamlining the charging process.
[0016] In an embodiment, the charging system introduces a tension control mechanism integrated into the retractable reel. The tension control mechanism adjusts the retraction force applied to the dispensing unit, enhancing the operational safety and user convenience by preventing undue stress on the charging cable and connector.
[0017] In another embodiment, a load-balancing system within the power conversion section is included. The load-balancing system evenly distributes the electrical load across multiple charging sections, ensuring optimal use of the charging infrastructure and prolonging the lifespan of the components by avoiding overload conditions.
[0018] In a further embodiment, the charging system incorporates a rainwater collection system integrated into the upper surface of enclosure. The rainwater collection system diverts water away from electrical and mechanical components, safeguarding the charging station against water-induced damage and contributing to longevity.
[0019] In another embodiment, the charging system comprises a retractable protective cover for the charging connector. Automatically deployed when not in use, the retractable protective cover protects the connector from environmental elements, ensuring durability and reliability over time.
[0020] In yet another embodiment, the enclosure comprises a modular accessory port. Said port allows for the attachment of additional tools, such as payment systems, advertising displays, or EV user interface terminals. The versatility introduced by the modular accessory port enhances the functionality of the charging system, offering a tailored charging experience to meet diverse user needs.
[0021] In a final embodiment, a foldable wind deflector is integrated into the upper surface of enclosure. The deflector reduces wind resistance and prevent damage from high-velocity winds when the charging system is not in use, enabling the structural integrity and operational readiness of the system under various environmental conditions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The summary above, as well as the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, exemplary constructions of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to specific methods and instrumentalities disclosed herein.
[0023] Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following diagrams.
[0024] FIG. 1 illustrates an electric vehicle (EV) charging station (100), in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 2 illustrates an electric vehicle (EV) charging system (200), in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0026] FIG. 3 depicts an electric vehicle (EV) charging system architecture, in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0027] The following paragraphs in the Detailed Description section provide a detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the claimed subject matter for the present invention. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following paragraphs to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It is to be noted however that the invention may be practiced according to the claims without some or all of these specific details. For the purposes of maintaining succinctness, technical information that is well-known in the technical field of the invention has not been described in detail.
[0028] The various features and advantages offered by the embodiments of the present invention would become clear from reading the description in addition to referring to the drawings appended at the end of this application. It is to be understood that the claimed subject matter is not merely limited to the various implementations of the disclosed systems, methods, apparatuses and the like that solve any or all disadvantages noted in any part of this disclosure but also encompasses numerous alternatives, modifications and equivalent combinations of the same. Thus, the disclosed embodiments are to be considered to be illustrative rather than being limited to any particular embodiment.
[0029] All references cited in the Detailed Description, including publications, patent applications, and patents, are incorporated to the same extent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety.
[0030] In the drawings, an underlined number is employed to represent an item over which the underlined number is positioned or an item to which the underlined number is adjacent. Further, a non-underlined number relates to an item identified by a curved or a straight line linking the non-underlined number to the item. Moreover, a number that is non-underlined and accompanied by an associated arrow identifies a general item pointed to by the arrow.
[0031] Expressions such as “including”, “comprising”, “incorporating”, “consisting of”, “have”, “is” used to describe and claim the present invention are intended to be construed in a non-exclusive, non-restrictive and/or non-limiting manner, namely allowing for items, components or elements not explicitly described also to be incorporated without departing from the scope of the claimed subject matter. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural. Numerals included within parentheses in the accompanying claims are intended to assist in understanding the claims and should not be construed in any way to limit the claimed subject matter.
[0032] FIG. 1 illustrates an electric vehicle (EV) charging station (100), in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The EV charging station (100) comprises a power source unit (102), a power conversion section (106), the multiple charging sections (110), a control unit (122) and other known components of an EV charging mechanism.
[0033] In an embodiment, the power source unit (102) comprises multiple power sources (104), wherein said power sources (104) are selected from a group consisting of a primary power source (104-A), a plurality of secondary power sources (104-B) and least one energy storage device (104-C).
[0034] In an embodiment, the primary power source (104-A) serves as the conventional source of electrical energy. The primary power source (104-A) typically includes, but is not limited to, the power grid from which electrical energy (that is alternating current (AC)) is directly obtained. The inclusion of such primary power source (104-A) enables the EV charging station (100) to remain operational, even in scenarios where the secondary power sources (104-B) do not produce sufficient energy.
[0035] In an embodiment, the plurality of secondary power sources (104-B) constitutes renewable energy sources. The secondary power sources (104-B) comprise, but are not limited to, wind turbines and photovoltaic (PV) panels. The integration of the renewable energy sources into the power source unit (102) contributes to the sustainability and eco-friendliness of the EV charging station (100). Each secondary power source (104-B) can generate electrical energy independently, thus providing a supplementary energy supply that reduces reliance on the primary power source (104-A).
[0036] In an embodiment, at least one energy storage device (104-C) is included within the power source unit (102) to store electrical energy generated by each secondary power source (104-B). The energy storage device (104-C) allows energy management within the EV charging station (100). The least one energy storage device (104-C) enables the accumulation of electrical energy during periods of high energy production by the secondary power sources (104-B), for use during periods of low energy production or high energy demand.
[0037] In an embodiment, the power conversion section (106) comprises the multiple power conversion units (108), which are integral for the efficient operation of the EV charging station (100), enabling that EVs can be effectively charged regardless of their specific power requirements. The power conversion section (106) accommodates various electrical energy forms and levels, thereby enhancing the versatility and utility of the EV charging station (100).
[0038] In an embodiment, the power conversion units (108) are selected from a group that includes but is not limited to a first power conversion unit (108-A), a second power conversion unit (108-B) and a third power conversion unit (108-C). Each power conversion unit (108) is specialized for a specific type of power conversion.
[0039] In an embodiment, the first power conversion unit (108-A) serves as a bidirectional AC to DC converter. The first power conversion unit (108-A) can convert AC to DC and vice versa. The ability to convert in both directions is important for applications where both input and output may vary between AC and DC, such as in vehicle-to-grid (V2G) systems or when integrating renewable energy sources. The bidirectional AC to DC converter enables EV charging station (100) can charge EVs and support the grid or store energy when necessary.
[0040] In an embodiment, the second power conversion unit (108-B) converts AC to DC. Such conversion is essential for the majority of EV charging applications, as EVs typically store energy in DC form within their battery packs.
[0041] In an embodiment, the third power conversion unit (108-C) focuses on converting DC from a first energy level to a second energy level. Such capability is particularly important for adjusting the charging speed and for enabling compatibility with EVs that may require different charging voltages. By providing the ability to convert between different DC energy levels, the EV charging station (100) can accommodate a wide range of EV models and charging specifications, further broadening the applicability.
[0042] In an embodiment, the multiple charging sections (110) receive DC from the power conversion section (106). The charging sections (110) enable the distribution of electrical energy to various EVs. Within each charging section (110), an energy adjuster unit (112) is incorporated (that follows protocols such as low electrical vehicle direct current (LEVDC) protocol for 2W/3W EV, combined charging system (CCS2) Protocol for 4W EV, CHAdeMO protocol for 4W EV and GB/T protocol for 3W /4W EV, etc.). The energy adjuster unit (112) modifies the electrical characteristics of the received DC. Specifically, said energy adjuster unit (112) alters the DC from the second energy level, as output by the power conversion section (106), to a third energy level suitable for charging of EVs.
[0043] In an embodiment, the modification process executed by the energy adjuster unit (112) involves either stepping up or stepping down the voltages of the received DC. Such adjustment assures that DC is at an optimal energy level for efficiently charging EVs connected to the EV charging station (100). By providing the capability to adjust the voltage of the received DC, the charging sections (110) cater to the needs of various EV models with differing charging specifications.
[0044] In an embodiment, each charging section (110) within the EV charging station (100) operates independently. Such independence allows for simultaneous charging of multiple EVs, each at their required energy level. The inclusion of multiple charging sections (110) with energy adjuster units (112) enhances the versatility and utility of the EV charging station (100).
[0045] In an embodiment, each charging section (110) of the EV charging station (100) facilitates the delivery of altered DC (converted from the second level to the third level) to an energy reception unit (which can be a charging port of EV). The energy reception unit is coupled to a battery pack of the EV. Within each charging section (110), a dispensing unit (114) is provided for coupling the charging section (110) to the energy reception unit. The dispensing unit (114) comprises an energy information gathering unit (116), an energy sensing device (118), and a circuit breaker (120).
[0046] In an embodiment, the energy information gathering unit (116) captures energy information relative to the battery pack of the EV. Such capture of energy information occurs upon the coupling of the dispensing unit (114) with the energy reception unit. Such a process enables acquisition of relevant data concerning the charging requirements of battery pack before the initiation of the charging process. Such energy information optimizes the charging strategy to match the specific needs of the battery pack.
[0047] In an embodiment, the energy sensing device (118) determines charging state information (current level of charging) of the battery pack. Through determination of the charging state of battery pack, the energy sensing device (118) allows the charging process to be adjusted in real-time. Such adjustment prevents the overcharging or undercharging of the battery pack.
[0048] In an embodiment, the circuit breaker (120) is integrated into the dispensing unit (114), wherein the circuit breaker (120) disables the connection between the dispensing unit (114) and the energy reception unit. The disconnection capability enhances the safety of the charging process. In instances where anomalies or hazardous conditions are detected, the circuit breaker (120) acts promptly to interrupt the flow of electrical energy. The interruption prevents damage to the EV, the battery pack, and the EV charging station (100) itself.
[0049] In an embodiment, said control unit (122) performs several functions aimed at optimizing the charging process, enabling efficiency, and maintaining the integrity of the battery pack of EV. Initially, said control unit (122) acquiring energy information captured by the dispensing unit (114) and information pertaining to the charging state determined by the same dispensing unit (114). The acquisition of said energy information is important for the subsequent steps that involve analysis and decision-making processes.
[0050] In an embodiment, following the acquisition, an analysis of the acquired energy information is conducted by the control unit (122) to ascertain energy requirement. The analysis of acquired energy information allows the control unit (122) to understand the specific energy needs of the EV based on an energy requirement (power rating) of battery pack. The determination of energy requirement permits the control unit (122) to make informed decisions regarding the selection of appropriate resources for charging the EV.
[0051] In an embodiment, a selection process is further carried out by the control unit (122), wherein a power source (104) and a power conversion unit (108) are chosen from among multiple power sources (104) and multiple power conversion units (108), respectively. The selection is based on the determined energy requirement. The selection of power source (104) and power conversion unit (108) enables that the most suitable power source (104) and power conversion unit (108) are utilized for the charging process, thereby optimizing the efficiency of energy transfer, and minimizing wastage.
[0052] In an embodiment, the control unit (122) analyses the acquired charging state information to determine the current charging state of the battery pack. The analysis of acquired charging state information enables determination of current charging state of battery pack for receiving charge at any given moment and for identifying the most appropriate charging phase based on the current charging state of battery pack.
[0053] Finally, based on the determined current charging state of the battery pack, the control unit (122) controls a circuit breaker (120). The control of the circuit breaker (120) facilitates the charging of the EV. The control involves the regulation of electrical flow to the EV, enabling charging to be carried out safely and efficiently according to the current charging state of battery pack and the determined energy requirements.
[0054] In an embodiment, the EV charging station (100) may comprise a bidirectional DC to DC converter to supply and withdraw electrical energy to/from each energy storage device (104-C). The bidirectional DC to DC converter manages the flow of electrical energy, enabling that energy can be both supplied to and withdrawn from the energy storage devices (104-C) efficiently. Such capability maintains the balance of electrical charge, allowing for the optimization of energy usage and the enhancement of the overall performance of the EV charging station (100).
[0055] In another embodiment, the EV charging station (100) may further comprise a remote monitoring and diagnostics system to communicate with the control unit (122) for monitoring the performance and diagnosing the health of said EV charging station (100). The remote monitoring and diagnostics system assists the collection and analysis of data related to the operational status and health of the EV charging station (100). By utilizing the remote monitoring and diagnostics system, issues can be identified and addressed promptly, enabling the reliable operation of the EV charging station (100).
[0056] In a further embodiment, the remote monitoring and diagnostics system may utilize a cloud-based platform to allow for off-site management and data analysis. The cloud-based platform manages the EV charging station (100) from remote locations, enabling operators to access real-time data and perform diagnostic assessments without the need for physical presence at the site. The cloud-based approach enhances the flexibility and efficiency of charging station management, allowing for the optimization of operational procedures and the implementation of predictive maintenance strategies.
[0057] In yet another embodiment, the EV charging station (100) may further comprise a battery swapping unit that comprises multiple charged batteries. The battery swapping unit permits the exchange of depleted batteries with charged battery packs, offering an alternative to traditional charging methods. The battery swapping unit provides a rapid solution for EV users seeking to minimize downtime associated with recharging batteries, thereby enhancing the convenience and efficiency of the EV charging experience.
[0058] In another embodiment, the EV charging station (100) wherein the control unit (122) may comprise an open charge point protocol (OCPP) and metering capability for EV charging and billing services. The integration of OCPP and metering capabilities into the control section (122) facilitates the standardized communication between EV charging station (100) and network management systems, enabling interoperability and efficient management of charging operations. The metering capability facilitates measurement of electricity consumption for billing purposes. Such arrangement makes sure that users are billed fairly for the energy consumed during the charging process.
[0059] In an embodiment, the multiple charging sections (110) may comprise a fast-charging mode enabled by the third power conversion unit (108-C) for rapid energy delivery to the battery pack. The fast-charging mode represents an essential feature for users requiring quick recharging of their EVs, significantly reducing the time spent at the EV charging station (100). By employing the third power conversion unit (108-C) for fast charging, the EV charging station (100) can deliver high levels of electrical energy in a short period, facilitating the rapid replenishment of the battery pack. Such capability is particularly important for enhancing the usability and appeal of EVs, offering a practical solution for EV owners who prioritize convenience and time efficiency in their charging experience.
[0060] FIG. 2 illustrates an electric vehicle (EV) charging system (200), in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The EV charging system (200) disclosed herein comprises a power source unit (202) (like power source unit (102) of FIG. 1) that is composed of multiple power sources (204) (similar to multiple power sources 104 of FIG. 1), enabling an efficient approach to energy acquisition and distribution. Said power sources (204) are selected from a group that comprises a primary power source (204-A) (similar to primary power source (104-A) of FIG. 1) and a plurality of secondary power sources (204-B) (similar to secondary power source (104-B) of FIG. 1). The primary power source (204-A) may be typically a power grid, enabling a steady and reliable supply of electricity (AC) for the charging of EVs. On the other hand, the secondary power sources (204-B) include renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV) cells and wind turbines, which provide an eco-friendly alternative to conventional power supply methods.
[0061] In an embodiment, integration of the diverse power sources into the EV charging system (200) allows for the optimization of energy usage, contributing to the overall efficiency and sustainability of the charging process. The inclusion of renewable energy sources highlights the commitment to environmental conservation and the reduction of carbon footprint associated with EV charging. The power source unit (202), by harnessing energy from both the primary power source (204-A) and the secondary power sources (204-B), assures that the EV charging system (200) can adapt to varying energy availability and demand scenarios.
[0062] In an embodiment, the most appropriate power source (204) may be selected based on criteria such as availability, cost, and environmental impact. Such intelligent selection process is important in maximizing the efficiency of the EV charging system (200) while minimizing operational costs and environmental impact. The ability to seamlessly switch between power sources (204) allows charging of battery pack in the most efficient manner possible.
[0063] In an embodiment, EV charging system (200) comprises an enclosure (206) mounted on a rotating base (208). The purpose of the rotating base (208) is to adjust the orientation of the enclosure (206), thereby facilitating access for users from various angles. Such orientation flexibility makes sure that the EV charging system (200) can be easily interacted with, regardless of the spatial constraints of the installation environment.
[0064] In an embodiment, the enclosure (206) compris

Such design enhances the efficiency and utility of the EV charging system (200) by accommodating a higher number of EVs within the same timeframe.
[0073] In an embodiment, each charging section (216) of the EV charging system (200) comprises a dispensing unit (220) (similar to dispensing unit (114) of FIG.1). Said dispensing unit (220) comprises a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end is connected to the charging section (216) via a retractable reel (222), which comprises a cable reel locking mechanism. The cable reel locking mechanism enables secure retraction and extension of the dispensing unit (220), enabling the dispensing unit (220) is kept in an optimal condition and is readily available when needed. The distal end of the dispensing unit (220) comprises a charging connector (224). The charging connector (224) is integrated with an automated alignment system (226), which comprises one or more sensors and one or more actuators. The automated alignment system (226) facilitates the precise alignment of the charging connector (224) with the battery pack and/or an on-board charger of the EV.
[0074] In an embodiment, the charging connector (224) comprises an energy information gathering unit (228) (similar to energy information gathering unit (116) of FIG. 1). The role of the energy information gathering unit (228) is to capture energy information relative to the battery pack of the EV upon the coupling of the charging connector (224). The captured energy information is vital for optimizing the charging process, as the captured energy information allows the charging system to adapt the charging parameters based on the specific needs of the battery pack. Additionally, an energy sensing device (230) (similar to energy sensing device (118) of FIG. 1) is included within the charging connector (224). The purpose of the energy sensing device (230) is to determine charging state information of the battery pack.
[0075] In an embodiment, a circuit breaker (232) (similar to circuit breaker (120) of FIG. 1) is also a part of the charging connector (224). The circuit breaker (232) enables/disables the connection between the charging connector (224) and the battery pack. Such safety feature prevents electrical faults and enabling the safety of the EV charging system (200) and the users.
[0076] In an embodiment, within said enclosure, a control unit (234) (similar to control unit (122) of FIG. 1) is mounted, playing an important role in the operational efficiency of the EV charging system (200). The control unit (234) performs acquisition of energy information (energy rating of battery pack) captured by the charging connector (224) and the determined charging state information (current charging state). Following the acquisition, a thorough analysis of the captured energy information is conducted by the control unit (234) to ascertain the energy requirement.
[0077] In an embodiment, based on the determined energy requirement, a selection process is initiated by the control unit (234) to identify the most suitable power source (204) and power conversion unit (214) from among the multiple power source units (202) and the multiple power conversion units (214) respectively. Furthermore, the control unit (234) undertakes an analysis of the acquired charging state information. Through said analysis, the current charging state of the battery pack is determined, which is essential for ascertaining the capacity of battery pack to accept charge and the optimal charging strategy to be employed.
[0078] In an embodiment, upon determining the current charging state of the battery, the control unit (234) executes control over the circuit breaker (232). Such control is exercised based on the identified current charging state, enabling or disabling the charging process as required. Such an approach makes sure that charging is conducted in a manner that is both efficient and safe, preventing overcharging or undercharging of the battery pack of EV.
[0079] In an embodiment a pair of telescopic arms (236) extend from the enclosure (206). Said telescopic arms (236) positions the charging connector (224) with respect to the battery pack of the EV. The operation of said telescopic arms (236) is facilitated by a mechanism within the enclosure (206), which provides precise movement and alignment of the charging connector (224) with the charging port of battery pack. Through the deployment of the telescopic arms (236), the EV charging system (200) fosters efficient and reliable connection between the charging connector (224) and the battery pack of EV.
[0080] In an embodiment, the retractable reel (222) may comprise a tension control mechanism that adjusts the retraction force applied to the dispensing unit (220), thereby enabling that the dispensing unit (220) is retracted with an optimal force that prevents damage to the dispensing unit (220). The incorporation of said tension control mechanism into the retractable reel (222) enhances the durability and reliability of the charging system by preventing the dispensing unit (220) from becoming tangled or excessively stretched.
[0081] In another embodiment, the EV charging system (200) may comprises a load-balancing system within the power conversion section (212). Said load-balancing system distributes electrical load evenly across multiple charging sections (216), thereby optimizing the efficiency of the power conversion process. The distribution assures that each EV connected to the EV charging system (200) receives a consistent and stable power supply, reducing the risk of overloading any single charging section.
[0082] In a further embodiment, the EV charging system (200) may comprise a rainwater collection system integrated into the upper surface (206-C) of the enclosure (206). Said rainwater collection system diverts water away from electrical and mechanical components, thereby protecting the EV charging system (200) from water-induced damage. Said feature enhances the durability and reliability of the EV charging system (200) and contributes to sustainable water management practices by collecting rainwater that can be repurposed for other uses.
[0083] In a further embodiment, the EV charging system (200) may comprise a retractable protective cover for the charging connector (224). Said retractable protective cover is automatically deployed when the charging connector (224) is not in use, protecting the charging connector (224) from environmental elements such as dust, rain, and snow. The inclusion of the protective cover extends the lifespan of the charging connector (224) by preventing damage and wear from exposure to harsh environmental conditions.
[0084] In another embodiment, the EV charging system (200) may comprise an enclosure (206) that comprises a modular accessory port. Said modular accessory port allows for the attachment of additional tools selected from a group consisting of a payment system, an advertising display, or an EV user interface terminal. The modular design approach allows the EV charging system (200) to be customized according to specific user needs and operational requirements, enhancing the functionality and user experience of the EV charging system (200). The versatility provided by the modular accessory port demonstrates a forward-thinking design that accommodates future expansions and integrations.
[0085] In a final embodiment, the EV charging system (200) may comprise a foldable wind deflector on the upper surface (206-C) of the enclosure (206). Said foldable wind deflector reduces wind resistance and prevent damage from high-velocity winds when the EV charging system (200) is not in use. Such feature enhances the stability and durability of the EV charging system (200).
[0086] In an embodiment, the EV charging system (200) incorporates a dynamic load balancing system within the control unit (234). Said integration is specifically aimed at addressing the distribution of energy demand across multiple power sources (204) during periods of peak load. Through the deployment of such dynamic load balancing system, optimization of energy distribution is achieved, thereby mitigating the risk of overload on any single power source (204). The control unit (234) enables the monitoring and adjustment of energy flow, affirming that the distribution is conducted in a manner that maintains the efficiency and reliability of the EV charging system (200). By catering to the fluctuating demands of energy consumption, the EV charging system (200) promotes a stable and uninterrupted charging process for EVs.
[0087] In another embodiment, the EV charging system (200) comprises a rotating base (208) equipped with an adaptive foundation system. Said adaptive foundation unit automatically adjusts to uneven ground surfaces, facilitating the level positioning and stability of the enclosure (206). The incorporation of adaptive foundation unit within the rotating base (208) exemplifies the approach towards enabling the operational integrity and reliability of the EV charging system (200) under varying environmental conditions. By adapting to the irregularities of the ground surface, the rotating base (208) maintains the enclosure (206) in a stable and level orientation, which is fundamental for the optimal functioning of the EV charging system (200).
[0088] FIG. 3 depicts an electric vehicle (EV) charging system architecture, in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The system comprises a control section that manages operations and communications, including remote monitoring and diagnostics through the Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP). Energy inputs from the grid, wind turbines, and solar arrays (PV) undergo conversion through AC-DC and DC-DC converters to accommodate different charging standards. For two and three-wheel EVs, a bidirectional DC-DC converter adheres to the LEVDC protocol. Four-wheel EVs are serviced by converters compatible with both the CCS2 and CHAdeMO protocols. Additionally, the architecture includes a converter following the GB/T standard for three and four-wheel vehicles. A feature is the battery swapping unit that operates using the CAN protocol, facilitating a rapid exchange of energy storage devices. Each charging point also integrates a mobile charging and infotainment system, enhancing user experience during the charging process.
[0089] Table. 1 illustrates an exemplary representation of multiple EV with their corresponding power requirements and the recommended power sources and converters, in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the table. 1 categorizes EVs by type and power needs, pairing them with suitable energy sources and converters. Two-wheel EVs, with the lowest power demand, utilize solar energy and DC-DC converters. Three-wheel EVs require moderate power and can harness wind energy, using AC-DC converters. Light four-wheel EVs have slightly higher needs and may use a combination of wind and solar power, with AC-DC conversion. Standard and heavy-duty four-wheel EVs, with high and very high-power requirements, respectively, draw from the main power grid and employ bidirectional AC-DC converters to manage their more substantial charging needs.
Vehicle Type Power Requirement Recommended Power Source Recommended Power Converter
2W EV Low PV Array DC-DC Converter
3W EV Medium Wind Turbine AC-DC Converter
Light 4W EV Medium-High Wind Turbine/PV Array AC-DC Converter
Standard 4W EV High Power Grid Bidirectional AC-DC Converter
Heavy-duty 4W EV Very High Power Grid Bidirectional AC-DC Converter
Table. 1
[0090] Example embodiments herein have been described above with reference to block diagrams and flowchart illustrations of methods and apparatuses. It will be understood that each block of the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, respectively, can be implemented by various means including hardware, software, firmware, and a combination thereof. For example, in one embodiment, each block of the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks.
[0091] Throughout the present disclosure, the term ‘processing means’ or ‘microprocessor’ or ‘processor’ or ‘processors’ includes, but is not limited to, a general purpose processor (such as, for example, a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, a microprocessor implementing other types of instruction sets, or a microprocessor implementing a combination of types of instruction sets) or a specialized processor (such as, for example, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), or a network processor).
[0092] The term “non-transitory storage device” or “storage” or “memory,” as used herein relates to a random access memory, read only memory and variants thereof, in which a computer can store data or software for any duration.
[0093] Operations in accordance with a variety of aspects of the disclosure is described above would not have to be performed in the precise order described. Rather, various steps can be handled in reverse order or simultaneously or not at all.
[0094] While several implementations have been described and illustrated herein, a variety of other means and/or structures for performing the function and/or obtaining the results and/or one or more of the advantages described herein may be utilized, and each of such variations and/or modifications is deemed to be within the scope of the implementations described herein. More generally, all parameters, dimensions, materials, and configurations described herein are meant to be exemplary and that the actual parameters, dimensions, materials, and/or configurations will depend upon the specific application or applications for which the teachings is/are used. Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific implementations described herein. It is, therefore, to be understood that the foregoing implementations are presented by way of example only and that, within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereto, implementations may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described and claimed. Implementations of the present disclosure are directed to each individual feature, system, article, material, kit, and/or method described herein. In addition, any combination of two or more such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods, if such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods are not mutually inconsistent, is included within the scope of the present disclosure.

CLAIMS
What is claimed is:
1. An electric vehicle (EV) charging station (100) comprising:
a power source unit (102) that comprises the multiple power sources (104), wherein said power sources (104) are selected from a group consisting of:
a primary power source (104-A);
a plurality of secondary power sources (104-B); and
at least one energy storage device (104-C) to store an electrical energy generated by each secondary power source (104-B);
a power conversion section (106) comprising the multiple power conversion units (108), wherein said power conversion units (108) are selected from a group consisting of:
a first power conversion unit (108-A) to convert an alternating current (AC) to a direct current (DC) and the DC current to the AC current;
a second power conversion unit (108-B) to convert the AC to the DC; and
a third power conversion unit (108-C) to convert the DC from a first energy level to a second energy level;
the multiple charging sections (110) to receive the DC from the power conversion section (106), wherein each charging section (110) comprises:
an energy adjuster unit (112) to alter the received DC from the second energy level to a third energy level;
a dispensing unit (114) to deliver the altered DC to an energy reception unit, which is coupled to a battery pack of the EV, wherein the dispensing unit (114) comprises:
an energy information gathering unit (116) to capture an energy information relative to the battery pack of the EV upon coupling of the dispensing unit (114) and the energy reception unit;
an energy sensing device (118) to determine a charging state information of the battery pack; and
a circuit breaker (120) to disable a connection between the dispensing unit (114) and the energy reception unit;
a control unit (122) to:
acquire the captured energy information and the determined charging state information from the dispensing unit (114);
analyse the acquired energy information to determine an energy requirement;
select a power source (104) and a power conversion unit (108) from the multiple power sources (104) and the multiple power conversion units (108), respectively, based on the determined energy requirement;
analyse the acquired charging state information to determine a current charging state of the battery pack; and
control the circuit breaker (120) based on the determined current charging state to enable charging of the EV.
2. The EV charging station (100) of claim 1, comprising a bidirectional DC to DC converter to supply and withdraw the electrical energy to/from each energy storage device (104-C).
3. The EV charging station (100) of claim 1, further comprising a remote monitoring and diagnostics system to communicate with the control unit (122) for monitoring the performance and diagnosing the health of said EV charging station (100).
4. The EV charging station (100) of claim 1, wherein the control unit (122) comprises an open charge point protocol (OCPP) and metering for EV charging and billing services.
5. An electric vehicle (EV) charging system (200) comprising:
a power source unit (202) that comprises the multiple power sources (204), wherein said power sources (204) are selected from a group consisting of a primary power source (204-A) and a plurality of secondary power sources (204-B);
an enclosure (206) mounted on a rotating base (208) to facilitate the orientation of the enclosure (206) for user accessibility, wherein the enclosure (206) comprising:
a front panel (206-A);
a back panel (206-B);
an upper surface (206-C);
a lower surface (206-D);
a body (206-E) extending between the upper surface (206-C) and the lower surface (206-D), wherein the body (206-E) comprising at least one energy storage device (210) to store electrical energy supplied by the primary power source (204-A) and each of the secondary power sources (204-B);
a power conversion section (212) within the enclosure (206) comprising multiple power conversion units (214), wherein said power conversion units (214) are selected from a group consisting of:
a first power conversion unit (214-A) to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and the DC to the AC;
a second power conversion unit (214-B) to convert the AC to the DC; and
a third power conversion unit (214-C) to convert the DC from a first energy level to a second energy level;
the multiple charging sections (216) disposed on the front panel (206-A) and the back panel (206-B), wherein each charging section (216) comprises:
an energy adjuster unit (218) to alter the received DC from the second energy level to a third energy level;
a dispensing unit (220) with:
a proximal end connected to the charging section (216) through a retractable reel (222) comprising a cable reel locking mechanism; and
a distal end comprising a charging connector (224) comprises an automated alignment system (226) comprising one or more sensors and one or more actuators to align the charging connector (224) with the battery pack and/or an on-board charger of the EV, wherein the charging connector (224) comprising:
an energy information gathering unit (228) to capture energy information relative to the battery pack of the EV;
an energy sensing device (230) to determine a charging state information of the battery pack;
a circuit breaker (232) to manage an electrical connection between the charging connector (224) and the battery pack;
a control unit (234) mounted on the enclosure to:
acquire the captured energy information and the determined charging state information from the charging connector (224);
analyze the acquired energy information to determine an energy requirement;
select a power source (204) and a power conversion unit (214) from the multiple power source units (202) and the multiple power conversion units (214), respectively, based on the determined energy requirement;
analyze the acquired charging state information to determine a current charging state of the battery;
control the circuit breaker (232) based on the determined current charging state to manage charging of the EV; and
a pair of telescopic arms (236) that extend from the enclosure (206) to position the charging connector (224) with respect to the battery pack of the EV;
6. The EV charging system (200) of claim 5, wherein the retractable reel (222) further comprises a tension control mechanism to adjust the retraction force applied to the dispensing unit (220).
7. The EV charging system (200) of claim 5, further comprising a load-balancing system within the power conversion section (212) to distribute electrical load evenly across the multiple charging sections (216).
8. The EV charging system (200) of claim 5, further comprising a retractable protective cover for the charging connector (224), automatically deployed when the connector is not in use.
9. The EV charging system (200) of claim 5, wherein a dynamic load balancing system is integrated within the control unit (234) to distribute energy demand across the multiple power sources (204), during peak loads.
10. The EV charging system (200) of claim 5, wherein the rotating base (208) comprises an adaptive foundation unit that adjusts to uneven ground to enable level positioning and stability of the enclosure (206).

Abstract
MULTI-SOURCE ADAPTIVE ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATION ABSTRACT
The present disclosure details an electric vehicle (EV) charging station equipped with multiple power sources, including primary and secondary sources, along with energy storage devices. The EV charging station features a power conversion section with units for AC-DC conversion and energy level adjustments. The charging station has several charging sections, each with energy adjuster units to modify DC to a specific energy level and to deliver the energy to the battery pack of an EV. The charging sections include technology for monitoring energy information and the charging state of battery pack, and a circuit breaker for safety. A control unit oversees the process, analyzing energy needs and charging status to optimize power source selection, conversion settings, and ensure efficient and safe EV charging.
Fig. 1 , Claims:CLAIMS
What is claimed is:
1. An electric vehicle (EV) charging station (100) comprising:
a power source unit (102) that comprises the multiple power sources (104), wherein said power sources (104) are selected from a group consisting of:
a primary power source (104-A);
a plurality of secondary power sources (104-B); and
at least one energy storage device (104-C) to store an electrical energy generated by each secondary power source (104-B);
a power conversion section (106) comprising the multiple power conversion units (108), wherein said power conversion units (108) are selected from a group consisting of:
a first power conversion unit (108-A) to convert an alternating current (AC) to a direct current (DC) and the DC current to the AC current;
a second power conversion unit (108-B) to convert the AC to the DC; and
a third power conversion unit (108-C) to convert the DC from a first energy level to a second energy level;
the multiple charging sections (110) to receive the DC from the power conversion section (106), wherein each charging section (110) comprises:
an energy adjuster unit (112) to alter the received DC from the second energy level to a third energy level;
a dispensing unit (114) to deliver the altered DC to an energy reception unit, which is coupled to a battery pack of the EV, wherein the dispensing unit (114) comprises:
an energy information gathering unit (116) to capture an energy information relative to the battery pack of the EV upon coupling of the dispensing unit (114) and the energy reception unit;
an energy sensing device (118) to determine a charging state information of the battery pack; and
a circuit breaker (120) to disable a connection between the dispensing unit (114) and the energy reception unit;
a control unit (122) to:
acquire the captured energy information and the determined charging state information from the dispensing unit (114);
analyse the acquired energy information to determine an energy requirement;
select a power source (104) and a power conversion unit (108) from the multiple power sources (104) and the multiple power conversion units (108), respectively, based on the determined energy requirement;
analyse the acquired charging state information to determine a current charging state of the battery pack; and
control the circuit breaker (120) based on the determined current charging state to enable charging of the EV.
2. The EV charging station (100) of claim 1, comprising a bidirectional DC to DC converter to supply and withdraw the electrical energy to/from each energy storage device (104-C).
3. The EV charging station (100) of claim 1, further comprising a remote monitoring and diagnostics system to communicate with the control unit (122) for monitoring the performance and diagnosing the health of said EV charging station (100).
4. The EV charging station (100) of claim 1, wherein the control unit (122) comprises an open charge point protocol (OCPP) and metering for EV charging and billing services.
5. An electric vehicle (EV) charging system (200) comprising:
a power source unit (202) that comprises the multiple power sources (204), wherein said power sources (204) are selected from a group consisting of a primary power source (204-A) and a plurality of secondary power sources (204-B);
an enclosure (206) mounted on a rotating base (208) to facilitate the orientation of the enclosure (206) for user accessibility, wherein the enclosure (206) comprising:
a front panel (206-A);
a back panel (206-B);
an upper surface (206-C);
a lower surface (206-D);
a body (206-E) extending between the upper surface (206-C) and the lower surface (206-D), wherein the body (206-E) comprising at least one energy storage device (210) to store electrical energy supplied by the primary power source (204-A) and each of the secondary power sources (204-B);
a power conversion section (212) within the enclosure (206) comprising multiple power conversion units (214), wherein said power conversion units (214) are selected from a group consisting of:
a first power conversion unit (214-A) to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and the DC to the AC;
a second power conversion unit (214-B) to convert the AC to the DC; and
a third power conversion unit (214-C) to convert the DC from a first energy level to a second energy level;
the multiple charging sections (216) disposed on the front panel (206-A) and the back panel (206-B), wherein each charging section (216) comprises:
an energy adjuster unit (218) to alter the received DC from the second energy level to a third energy level;
a dispensing unit (220) with:
a proximal end connected to the charging section (216) through a retractable reel (222) comprising a cable reel locking mechanism; and
a distal end comprising a charging connector (224) comprises an automated alignment system (226) comprising one or more sensors and one or more actuators to align the charging connector (224) with the battery pack and/or an on-board charger of the EV, wherein the charging connector (224) comprising:
an energy information gathering unit (228) to capture energy information relative to the battery pack of the EV;
an energy sensing device (230) to determine a charging state information of the battery pack;
a circuit breaker (232) to manage an electrical connection between the charging connector (224) and the battery pack;
a control unit (234) mounted on the enclosure to:
acquire the captured energy information and the determined charging state information from the charging connector (224);
analyze the acquired energy information to determine an energy requirement;
select a power source (204) and a power conversion unit (214) from the multiple power source units (202) and the multiple power conversion units (214), respectively, based on the determined energy requirement;
analyze the acquired charging state information to determine a current charging state of the battery;
control the circuit breaker (232) based on the determined current charging state to manage charging of the EV; and
a pair of telescopic arms (236) that extend from the enclosure (206) to position the charging connector (224) with respect to the battery pack of the EV;
6. The EV charging system (200) of claim 5, wherein the retractable reel (222) further comprises a tension control mechanism to adjust the retraction force applied to the dispensing unit (220).
7. The EV charging system (200) of claim 5, further comprising a load-balancing system within the power conversion section (212) to distribute electrical load evenly across the multiple charging sections (216).
8. The EV charging system (200) of claim 5, further comprising a retractable protective cover for the charging connector (224), automatically deployed when the connector is not in use.
9. The EV charging system (200) of claim 5, wherein a dynamic load balancing system is integrated within the control unit (234) to distribute energy demand across the multiple power sources (204), during peak loads.
10. The EV charging system (200) of claim 5, wherein the rotating base (208) comprises an adaptive foundation unit that adjusts to uneven ground to enable level positioning and stability of the enclosure (206).