TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure relates to the field of optical waveguide cable and, in particular, relates to an optical waveguide ribbon duct cable with improved blowing performance. The present application is patent of addition based on, and claims priority from an Indian Application Number 201711034220 filed on 26th September 2017.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The optical waveguide cables have secured an important position in building network of modern communication systems across the world. One such type of optical waveguide cables are optical waveguide ribbon cables. These optical waveguide ribbon cables are installed in ducts. These optical waveguide ribbon cables include a plurality of optical waveguide ribbons. Each optical waveguide ribbon includes a number of optical waveguides placed adjacent and bonded together with a matrix material. These optical waveguide ribbons may be held inside a plurality of cylindrical enclosures which may be covered by additional layers. Typically, these optical waveguide ribbon cables include a central robust component which may also be covered by additional layers.
[0003] The currently available optical waveguide ribbon cables have several drawbacks. These prior art optical waveguide cables are difficult to blow inside the duct due to high friction offered by the cable due to the design of the cable. Conventionally available optical waveguide ribbon cables have high attenuation in the cable and high losses in the optical waveguide ribbon. The existing optical waveguide ribbon cables are heavy and difficult to install. The pulling force in the existing optical waveguide cables is high due to circular shape of the cable.

[0004] In light of the foregoing discussion, there exists a need for an optical waveguide cable which overcomes the above cited drawbacks of conventionally known optical waveguide cables.
OBJECT OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0005] A primary object of the disclosure is to provide an optical waveguide ribbon duct cable with improved blowing performance.
[0006] Another object of the present disclosure is optimisation of lay length of optical waveguide ribbon or optical waveguide.
[0007] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to reduce attenuation in the optical waveguide cable.
[0008] Yet another object of the present disclosure is optimisation of lay length of cylindrical enclosure.
[0009] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to reduce the losses in the optical waveguide ribbons.
[0010] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to improve the tensile strength of the optical waveguide cable.
[0011] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide an optical waveguide ribbon duct cable with reduced weight.
SUMMARY
[0012] In an aspect, the present disclosure provides an optical waveguide cable. The optical waveguide cable includes a central robust component lying substantially along a longitudinal axis of the optical waveguide cable. The optical waveguide cable includes at least one cylindrical enclosure stranded around the central robust component. Each

of the at least one cylindrical enclosure may include at least one optical waveguide. The optical waveguide cable includes a first layer surrounding the central robust component. The optical waveguide cable includes a second layer concentric with the central robust component. The optical waveguide cable includes a third layer concentric with the central robust component. The optical waveguide cable includes at least one cylindrical enclosure stranded around the central robust component. In addition, the optical waveguide cable includes a fourth layer. The fourth layer surrounds the at least one cylindrical enclosure. The optical waveguide cable includes a fifth layer. The fifth layer surrounds the fourth layer. The optical waveguide cable includes a sixth layer. The sixth layer surrounds the fifth layer. The optical waveguide cable includes a seventh layer. The seventh layer surrounds the sixth layer. The optical waveguide cable includes an eighth layer. The eighth layer surrounds the seventh layer. The optical waveguide cable includes a seventh layer. The seventh layer surrounds the sixth layer. The optical waveguide cable includes one or more ripcord. The one or more ripcord is placed between the seventh layer and the eighth layer. The central robust component is made of fibre reinforced plastic. Each of the at least one cylindrical enclosure is characterized by a first lay length. The first lay length is in the range of 420 mm to 600 mm. The at least one cylindrical enclosure has a first radius in a range of about 3.1 mm ±0.1 mm and a second radius in a range of about 4.0 mm ±0.1 mm. The at least one cylindrical enclosure is made of medium density polyethylene. The at least one cylindrical enclosure includes a water blocking tape inside the at least one cylindrical enclosure. The water blocking tape has a thickness in a range of about 0.2 mm - 0.3 mm. The at least one cylindrical enclosure includes at least one optical waveguide. The at least one optical waveguide is helically arranged inside the cylindrical enclosure. The at least one optical waveguide has a radius in a range of about 100 microns to 125 microns. The at least one optical waveguide is characterized by a second lay length. The second lay length is in a range of about 600 mm to 900 mm. The

eighth layer is ribbed against inner layers. The eighth layer reduces contact surface inside a duct, reduces friction and improves blowing performance of the optical waveguide cable. The optical waveguide of the at least one optical waveguide being characterized by a change in attenuation. The change in attenuation is around 0.05 decibels per kilometer at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The change in attenuation is measured in a temperature range of about -40°C to 70°C. The change in attenuation is measured for 2 temperature cycles. The optical waveguide cable has a maximum attenuation of less than 0.4 dB/Km at a wavelength of 1310 nm. The optical waveguide cable has a maximum attenuation of less than 0.4 dB/Km at a wavelength of 1383 nm. The optical waveguide cable has a maximum attenuation of less than 0.3 dB/Km at a wavelength of1550nm.
[0013] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the central robust component has a radius of about 2.5 mm. The central robust component with the first layer has a diameter in a range of about 7.7 mm ± 0.1mm.
[0014] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cylindrical enclosure of at least one cylindrical enclosure includes an at least one optical waveguide ribbon. Each of the optical waveguide ribbon of the at least one optical waveguide ribbon includes at least one optical waveguide. Each of the optical waveguide ribbon of the at least one optical waveguide ribbon with at least one optical waveguide is helically arranged inside each of the cylindrical enclosure of the at least one cylindrical enclosure.
[0015] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first layer is made of a material selected from a group. The group consists of polyethylene, elastomer and low smoke zero halogen.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide cable has a weight in a range of about 470kg/km ± 10% kg/km.
5 [0017] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second layer is
a water swellable tape. The second layer has a thickness in a range of about 0.25mm ± 0.05 mm.
[0018] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third layer is a
10 binder yarn. The third layer is made of a thread.
[0019] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cylindrical enclosure has a density of less than 0.94 Kg/m3.
15 [0020] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fourth layer is
a binder yarn. The fourth layer is arranged helically in clockwise direction over each of the at least one cylindrical enclosure. The fourth layer is made of a thread.
20 [0021] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fifth layer is a
binder yarn. The fifth layer is arranged helically in opposite direction to the fourth layer in anti clockwise direction over the fourth layer. The fifth layer is a thread.
25 [0022] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the sixth layer is a
water blocking tape surrounding the fifth layer. The sixth layer has a thickness in a range of about 0.5 mm ± 0.05 mm.
[0023] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the seventh layer
30 is a helically arranged binder yarn. The seventh layer is a thread.
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[0024] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thread used in the third layer, fourth layer, fifth layer and seventh layer is made of polyester.
5 [0025] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thread used in
the third layer, fourth layer, fifth layer and seventh layer is made of polypropylene or any other material.
[0026] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the eighth layer is
10 a UV proof outer sheath. The eighth layer is made up of high density
polyethylene having a density greater than or equal to 0.94 gm/cm3. The eighth layer has a thickness in a range of about 1.6 mm to 2.2 mm.
[0027] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the eighth layer
15 may be hexagonal or ribbed or circular in shape.
[0028] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical
waveguide has a short term tensile strength of 2700 newton’s and long
term tensile strength of 890 newton’s.
20 [0029] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one
cylindrical enclosure may be replaced with at least one filler.
[0030] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide has a dispersion of less than 0.2 ps/nm.km. 25
[0031] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide cable includes 288 optical waveguides.
[0032] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical
30 waveguide cable includes 432 optical waveguides.
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[0033] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide cable includes 720 optical waveguides.
[0034] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical
5 waveguide cable includes 1152 optical waveguides.
[0035] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide cable includes 1728 optical waveguides.
10 [0036] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical
waveguide cable includes 864 optical waveguides. The 864 optical waveguides being arranged in the optical waveguide ribbons in each of the cylindrical enclosures.
15 [0037] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cylindrical
enclosure of the at least one cylindrical enclosures may comprise a plurality of individual optical waveguides.
[0038] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical
20 waveguide cable with 864 optical waveguides has a diameter in a range of
about 28 mm ± 1 mm. The optical waveguide cable has a variable
diameter for variable number of optical waveguides present inside the
cylindrical enclosure of the optical waveguide cable.
25 [0039] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one
optical waveguide arranged in a plurality of optical waveguide ribbons has a loss of less than 0.22 dB/km at a wavelength of 1550nm and a loss of less than 0.25 dB/km at a wavelength of 1625nm.
30 STATEMENT OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0040] In an aspect, the present disclosure provides an optical waveguide cable. The optical waveguide cable includes a central robust
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component lying substantially along a longitudinal axis of the optical
waveguide cable. The optical waveguide cable includes at least one
cylindrical enclosure stranded around the central robust component. Each
of the at least one cylindrical enclosure may include at least one optical
5 waveguide. The optical waveguide cable includes a first layer surrounding
the central robust component. The optical waveguide cable includes a second layer concentric with the central robust component. The optical waveguide cable includes a third layer concentric with the central robust component. The optical waveguide cable includes at least one cylindrical
10 enclosure stranded around the central robust component. In addition, the
optical waveguide cable includes a fourth layer. The fourth layer surrounds the at least one cylindrical enclosure. The optical waveguide cable includes a fifth layer. The fifth layer surrounds the fourth layer. The optical waveguide cable includes a sixth layer. The sixth layer surrounds
15 the fifth layer. The optical waveguide cable includes a seventh layer. The
seventh layer surrounds the sixth layer. The optical waveguide cable includes an eighth layer. The eighth layer surrounds the seventh layer. The optical waveguide cable includes a seventh layer. The seventh layer surrounds the sixth layer. The optical waveguide cable includes one or
20 more ripcord. The one or more ripcord is placed between the seventh
layer and the eighth layer. The central robust component is made of fibre reinforced plastic. Each of the at least one cylindrical enclosure is characterized by a first lay length. The first lay length is in the range of 420 mm to 600 mm. The at least one cylindrical enclosure has a first
25 radius in a range of about 3.1 mm ± 0.1 mm and a second radius in a
range of about 4.0 mm ± 0.1 mm. The at least one cylindrical enclosure is made of medium density polyethylene. The at least one cylindrical enclosure includes a water blocking tape inside the at least one cylindrical enclosure. The water blocking tape has a thickness in a range of about 0.2
30 mm – 0.3 mm. The at least one cylindrical enclosure includes at least one
optical waveguide. The at least one optical waveguide is helically arranged inside the cylindrical enclosure. The at least one optical
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waveguide has a radius in a range of about 100 microns to 125 microns.
The at least one optical waveguide is characterized by a second lay length.
The second lay length is in a range of about 600 mm to 900 mm. The
eighth layer is ribbed against inner layers. The eighth layer reduces
5 contact surface inside a duct, reduces friction and improves blowing
performance of the optical waveguide cable. The optical waveguide of the at least one optical waveguide being characterized by a change in attenuation. The change in attenuation is around 0.05 decibels per kilometer at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The change in attenuation is
10 measured in a temperature range of about -40°C to 70°C. The change in
attenuation is measured for 2 temperature cycles. The optical waveguide cable has a maximum attenuation of less than 0.4 dB/Km at a wavelength of 1310 nm. The optical waveguide cable has a maximum attenuation of less than 0.4 dB/Km at a wavelength of 1383 nm. The optical waveguide
15 cable has a maximum attenuation of less than 0.3 dB/Km at a wavelength
of 1550nm.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
[0041] Having thus described the disclosure in general terms,
20 reference will now be made to the accompanying figures, wherein:
[0042] FIG. 1A illustrates a cross sectional view of an optical waveguide cable, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and 25
[0043] FIG. 1B illustrates a cross sectional view of another optical waveguide cable, in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
30 [0044] It should be noted that the accompanying figures are intended
to present illustrations of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. These figures are not intended to limit the scope of the present
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disclosure. It should also be noted that accompanying figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0045] Reference will now be made in detail to selected
embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with accompanying
figures. The embodiments described herein are not intended to limit the
5 scope of the disclosure, and the present disclosure should not be construed
as limited to the embodiments described. This disclosure may be
embodied in different forms without departing from the scope and spirit
of the disclosure. It should be understood that the accompanying figures
are intended and provided to illustrate embodiments of the disclosure
10 described below and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings,
like numbers refer to like elements throughout, and thicknesses and
dimensions of some components may be exaggerated for providing better
clarity and ease of understanding.
15 [0046] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the
like, herein do not denote any order, ranking, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Further, the terms "a" and "an" herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item.
20
[0047] FIG. 1A illustrates a cross-sectional view of an optical waveguide cable 100 for indoor and outdoor applications, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. The cross sectional view describes a layered structure and distribution of discrete elements of
25 the optical waveguide cable 100. The layered structure of the optical
waveguide cable 100 includes a central robust component 102 and a plurality of layers 104a-104c surrounding the central robust component 102. The plurality of layers 104a- 104cincludes a first layer 104a, a second layer 104b and a third layer 104c. In addition, the optical
30 waveguide cable100 includes a plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106 and
a water blocking tape 108. The water blocking tape 108 is present inside each of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106. In addition, the optical
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waveguide cable 100 includes a plurality of optical waveguides 110
present inside each of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106. The
plurality of optical waveguides 110 can be plurality of optical waveguide
ribbons. Further, the optical waveguide cable 100 includes a fourth layer
5 112, a fifth layer 114 and a sixth layer 116. Furthermore, the optical
waveguide cable 100 includes a seventh layer 118, an eighth layer 120
and a plurality of ripcords 122. The above combination of structural
elements enables an improvement in a plurality of parameters of the
optical waveguide cable 100. The plurality of parameters includes
10 installation efficiency, attenuation, cable weight, tensile strength, crush
resistance and bending radius.
[0048] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes a central robust component 102 (as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B). The central robust
15 component 102 is positioned substantially at the centre of the optical
waveguide cable 100. The centre of the central robust component 102 lies along the longitudinal axis throughout the length of the optical waveguide cable 100.The longitudinal axis is an imaginary axis passing through the centre of the optical waveguide cable 100 throughout the entire length of
20 the optical waveguide cable 100. The central robust component 102
extends substantially along the entire length of the optical waveguide cable 100. The central robust component 102 is positioned in the core of the optical waveguide cable 100. The central strength component 102 provides tensile strength and anti-buckling properties to the optical
25 waveguide cable 100. The central robust component 102 is made of fibre
reinforced plastic (FRP). The central robust component 102 has a radius of about 2.5 mm.
[0049] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes a plurality of layers
30 104a-104c surrounding the central robust component 102. The optical
waveguide cable 100 includes the first layer 104a. The first layer 104a
surrounds the central robust component 102. The central robust
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component 102 along with first layer 104a has a diameter in a range of
about 7.7 mm ± 0.1 mm. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
thickness of the first layer 104a may vary. In an embodiment of the
present disclosure, the first layer 104a is made of polyethylene. In another
5 embodiment of the present disclosure, the first layer 104a is made of
elastomer. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first layer 104a is made of low smoke zero halogen (LSZH). The first layer 104a surrounds the central robust component 102 and provides mechanical strength and flexibility to the central robust component 102.
10 The first layer 104a helps to accommodate the plurality of cylindrical
enclosures around the central robust component. The first layer 104a maintains the proper coverage of cylindrical enclosures over central robust component which in turn helps for maintaining standard attenuation changes. The first layer 104a has a thickness in a range of
15 about 1.3 mm to 1.4 mm. The first layer 104a may have any other suitable
thickness.
[0050] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes the second layer 104b. The second layer 104b is concentric with the central robust
20 component 102. The second layer 104b surrounds the first layer 104a.
The second layer 104b is a water swellable tape. The second layer104b has a thickness in a range of about 0.25 mm ± 0.05 mm. The second layer 104b is use to prevent the water ingress inside the core of the optical waveguide cable 100. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
25 thickness of the second layer 104b may vary.
[0051] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes the third layer 104c.
The third layer 104c is concentric with the central robust component 102.
The third layer 104c surrounds the second layer 104b. The third layer
30 104c is a binder yarn. The third layer104c is type of a thread. In an
embodiment of the present disclosure, the third layer 104c can have any
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suitable linear density. Linear density is defined as mass per unit length of thread.
[0052] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes at least one
5 cylindrical enclosure 106. The plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106 are
positioned around the central robust component 102. The plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106 is variable in number. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more cylindrical enclosures 106 can be replaced with one or more fillers. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
10 plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106 can be twelve in number. The
twelve cylindrical enclosures 106 will be arranged in two different layers surrounding the central robust component 102. Each of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106 has a first radius in a range of about 3.1 mm ± 0.1 mm and a second radius in a range of about 4.0 mm ± 0.1 mm. The
15 first radius is an inner radius of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106.
The second radius is an outer radius of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106. Each of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106 can have any other suitable value of inner radius and outer radius as per the number of plurality of optical waveguides to be accommodated. Each of
20 the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106 is made of medium density
polyethylene. The cylindrical enclosure has a density of less than 0.94
3 Kg/m . In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of
cylindrical enclosure 106 is made of thermoplastic material (PBTB). In an
embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of cylindrical
25 enclosures 106 is made of any other suitable material.
[0053] Each of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106 has a first
lay length. The first lay length of each of the cylindrical enclosure 106 is
in a range of about 420 mm to 600 mm. The average lay length is defined
30 by the distance between reversal points divided by the number of turns
between reversals of the cylindrical enclosures 106. To ensure that the
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optical waveguides within the cylindrical enclosures 106 are not subjected
to bending stress, which may cause unwanted attenuation, the lay length
needs to be monitored. Moreover, during compressive strengthening,
there is shrinkage in the cylindrical enclosure 106. The optimization of
5 lay length of the cylindrical enclosure 106 helps to maintain cable
attenuations in limit during the shrinkage in the cylindrical enclosure 106.
[0054] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide cable 100 includes plurality of coloured cylindrical enclosures
10 106. The colour of each of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106 is
selected from a group. The group includes blue, orange, green, brown, slate and white. The cylindrical enclosures 106 may have any other colour depending upon the requirement. Each of the at least one cylindrical enclosure 106 includes the water blocking tape 108 inside the at least one
15 cylindrical enclosure 106. The water blocking tape 108 has a thickness in
a range of about 0.2 mm – 0.3 mm. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the water blocking tape may have any other suitable thickness.
[0055] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes the at least one
20 optical waveguide 110. In general, the plurality of optical waveguides 110
are sandwiched, encapsulated, and/or edge bonded to form an optical-
waveguide ribbon. In general, each of the plurality of optical waveguides
110 in the plurality of optical waveguide ribbons is a waveguide used for
transmitting information as light pulses from one end of the optical
25 waveguide cable 100 to another end of the optical waveguide cable 100.
In addition, each of the plurality of optical waveguides 110 is a thin strand
of glass capable of transmitting optical signals. Also, each of the plurality
of optical waveguides 110 is configured to transmit large amounts of
information over long distances with relatively low attenuation. Further,
30 each of the plurality of optical waveguides 110 includes a core region and
a cladding region. The core region is an inner part of an optical waveguide and the cladding section is an outer part of the optical
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waveguide. Moreover, the core region is defined by a central longitudinal axis of each of the plurality of optical waveguides 110. In addition, the cladding region surrounds the core region.
5 [0056] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of
optical waveguides in one ribbon is fixed. In another embodiment of the
present disclosure, the number of optical waveguides in one ribbon may
vary. Further, the plurality of optical-waveguides ribbons is aggregated to
form a ribbon stack. The ribbon stack has various sizes and shapes. In an
10 embodiment of the present disclosure, optical waveguide ribbons are
arranged to form a rectangular ribbon stack. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of optical waveguide ribbons may arrange to form any different shape ribbon stack.
15 [0057] Each of the plurality of optical waveguide 110 is helically
arranged inside the cylindrical enclosure 106. Each of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106 includes the at least one optical waveguide 110 or optical waveguide ribbon. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide ribbon is helically arranged inside the cylindrical
20 enclosure 106. Each of the plurality of optical waveguide 110 has a radius
in a range of about 100 microns to 125 microns. Each of the plurality of optical waveguide 110 is characterized by a second lay length. The second lay length of each of the plurality of optical waveguide 110 is in a range of about 600 mm to 900 mm. When the optical waveguide/optical
25 waveguide ribbon is twisted helically inside the cylindrical enclosures
about the longitudinal axis of cylindrical enclosures, the longitudinal distance along the cylindrical enclosure required for one complete helical twist is defined as optical waveguide/optical waveguide ribbon lay length. Lesser lay length of optical waveguide ribbon results in increase of turns
30 in particular length of ribbon and might deform the ribbon. The stresses
will be concentrated at the twisting point of optical waveguide ribbon. As the number of turns increases, stress concentration points increases within
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unit length of the optical waveguide ribbon. Higher lay length of optical
waveguide ribbon means the number of turns in particular length of cable
is less. When the optical waveguide cable is rounded on the barrel, it
creates improper stress distribution & increases stress towards that stress
5 concentrated points. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
optical waveguide ribbon lay length is optimized for proper distribution of stresses throughout the optical waveguide cable length around drum barrel without effecting the attenuation changes in the optical waveguides.
10 [0058] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical
waveguide 110 is characterized by a change in attenuation. The change in attenuation of optical waveguide 110 is around 0.05 decibels per kilometer at a wavelength of 1550 nanometers. The change in attenuation is measured in a temperature range of about - 40°C to 70°C. The change
15 in attenuation is measured for 2 temperature cycles. In an embodiment of
the present disclosure, the temperature cycling to check the attenuation is conducted according to IEC-60794-1-2-F1, FOTP-3 and GR-20 requirements. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the sample is pre conditioned under ambient condition for around 24 hours, before
20 starting the test determine the test soak time. Soak time is defined as the
time required for the sample to reach thermal equilibrium after the air in the chamber has reached the specified temperature. All the apparatus and method adopted for performing the temperature cycling complies with these standards. The waveguide attenuation corresponds to a loss in
25 optical power as the light travels through the optical waveguide. In an
embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of optical waveguides 110 in the plurality of optical waveguide ribbons is single mode optical waveguides. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of optical waveguides 110 in the plurality of optical waveguide
30 ribbons is multi-mode optical waveguides.
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[0059] The optical waveguide has a short term tensile strength of
2700 Newton’s and long term tensile strength of 890 Newton’s. The
tensile strength is a measure of the maximum stress that the Optical
waveguide can withstand when a tensile force is applied on the optical
5 waveguide.
[0060] The optical waveguide 110 has a dispersion of less than 0.2 ps/nm.km. The dispersion corresponds to a spreading of the optical signals over time. 10
[0061] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical
waveguide ribbon undergoes losses of less than 0.22 dB/km at a
wavelength of 1550 nm. In another embodiment of the present disclosure,
the optical waveguide ribbon has losses of less than 0.25 dB/km at a
15 wavelength of 1625 nm.
[0062] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes the fourth layer
112, the fifth layer 114 and the sixth layer 116. The fourth layer 112
surrounds each of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106. The fourth
20 layer 112 is a binder yarn. The fourth layer 112 is arranged helically in
clockwise direction over each of the plurality of cylindrical enclosures 106. The fourth layer 112 is made of a thread.
[0063] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes the fifth layer 114.
25 The fifth layer 114 surrounds the fourth layer 112. The fifth layer 114 is a
binder yarn. The fifth layer 114 is arranged helically in opposite direction
to the fourth layer 112 that is in anti-clockwise direction over the fourth
layer 112. The fifth layer 114 is a thread.
30 [0064] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes the sixth layer
116. The sixth layer 116 surrounds the fifth layer 114. The sixth layer 116 is a water blocking tape. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
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sixth layer 116 has a thickness in a range of about 0.5 mm + 0.05 mm. The water blocking tape is used to prevent the water from entering inside the cylindrical enclosures.
5 [0065] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes the seventh layer
118. The seventh layer 118 surrounds the sixth layer 116. The seventh layer 118 is a helically arranged binder yarn. The seventh layer 118 is a thread.
10 [0066] The optical waveguide cable 100 includes the eighth layer 120.
The eighth layer 120 surrounds the seventh layer 118. The eighth layer 120 is ribbed against the inner layers. The eighth layer 120 reduces the contact surface of the optical waveguide cable 100 inside the duct. The eighth layer 120 helps in reducing the friction and improves the blowing
15 performance of optical waveguide cable 100. The eighth layer 120 is a
UV proof outer sheath. The eighth layer 120 is made up of high density
3 polyethylene having a density greater than or equal to 0.94 gm/cm . The
eighth layer 120 has a thickness in a range of about 1.6 mm to 2.2 mm.
The eighth layer 120 may be hexagonal or ribbed in shape. The eighth
20 layer 120 may be circular in shape (as shown in Fig. 1B). In an
embodiment of the present disclosure, the eighth layer 120 might have any suitable thickness. The optical waveguide cable 100 includes a plurality of ripcords 122. The plurality of ripcords 122 are positioned between the seventh layer 118 and the eighth layer 120. Each of the
25 plurality of ripcords 122 is made of polyester based yarns.
[0067] The optical waveguide cable 100 is used for installation in
ducts. The optical waveguide cable 100 is used for indoor and outdoor
applications. The optical waveguide cable 100 is a ribbon type optical
30 waveguide cable. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical
waveguide cable 100 has a short term tensile strength of about 2700
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Newton’s (600 lbf) and long term tensile strength of about 890 Newton’s
(200 lbf). In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the minimum
bending radius of the optical waveguide cable 100 during installation is
20 D and during operation is 15 D. In an embodiment of the present
5 disclosure, the crush resistance of the optical waveguide cable 100 is
about 2200 Newton per 100 millimeters (450 lbf/3.93 inch). In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the impact strength of the optical waveguide cable 100 is 25 Newton meter (220 lbf-in). In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the torsion of the optical waveguide cable 100 is
10 ± 180 degree. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the temperature
performance of the optical waveguide cable 100 during installation is in the range of -30 degree Celsius to 70 degree Celsius. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the temperature performance of the optical waveguide cable 100 during operation is in the range of -40 degree
15 Celsius to 70 degree Celsius. In an embodiment of the present disclosure,
the temperature performance of the optical waveguide cable 100 during storage is in the range of - 40 degree Celsius to 70 degree Celsius. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide cable 100 has any suitable value or range of crush resistance, impact
20 strength, torsion, tensile strength, minimum bending radius and
temperature performance.
[0068] The optical waveguide cable 100 has a maximum attenuation of less than 0.4 dB/Km at a wavelength of 1310nm. The optical
25 waveguide cable 100 has a maximum attenuation of less than 0.4 dB/Km
at a wavelength of 1383 nm. The optical waveguide cable 100 has a maximum attenuation of less than 0.3 dB/Km at a wavelength of 1550nm. The optical waveguide cable 100 has a weight of about 470 kg/km ± 10%kg/km. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical
30 waveguide cable 100 includes 864 optical waveguides. In an embodiment
of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide cable 100 includes 288 optical waveguides. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
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optical waveguide cable 100 includes 432 optical waveguides. In an
embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide cable 100
includes 720 optical waveguides. In an embodiment of the present
disclosure, the optical waveguide cable 100 includes 1152 optical
5 waveguides. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical
waveguide cable 100 includes 1728 optical waveguides. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguides are arranged in optical waveguide ribbons inside the optical waveguide cable 100. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide
10 cable with 864 optical waveguides has a diameter in a range of about 28
mm + 1 mm. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide cable has a variable diameter for variable number of optical waveguides present inside the cylindrical enclosure of the optical waveguide cable.
15
[0069] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide cable 100 includes a plurality of colored optical waveguides. The color of each of the plurality of optical waveguides 110 is selected from a group. The group includes blue, orange, green, brown, slate, white,
20 red, black, yellow, violet, pink and aqua. The plurality of optical
waveguides 110 is present inside the cylindrical enclosure 106.
[0070] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the total number of optical waveguide ribbons is 16. The optical waveguide ribbons present
25 per cylindrical enclosure are 4. The optical waveguides present per optical
waveguide ribbon are 12. The total number of cylindrical enclosure present in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 4. The total number of waveguides present per cylindrical enclosure is 48 (12*4= 48). The total number of waveguides in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 192 (12*16=
30 192). The number of fillers present in the optical waveguide cable is 2. In
an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diameter of the optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 192 optical waveguides is about 21
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± 1millimeters. The weight of the optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 192 optical waveguides is 236 ± 10% kilograms per kilometer.
5 [0071] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the total number
of optical waveguide ribbons is 18. The optical waveguide ribbons are present two different groups. In four cylindrical enclosures, the optical waveguide ribbon present per cylindrical enclosure is 4. In one cylindrical enclosure, the optical waveguide ribbons are 2. The optical waveguides
10 present per optical waveguide ribbon are 12. The total number of
cylindrical enclosure present in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 5. The total number of waveguides present per cylindrical enclosure from first group is 48 (12*4= 48). The total number of optical waveguides present per cylindrical enclosure from second group is 24 (12*2). The total
15 number of waveguides in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 216 (12*18=
216). The number of fillers present in the optical waveguide cable is 1. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diameter of the optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 216 optical waveguides is in a range about 21 mm ± 1 mm. The weight of the optical waveguide cable
20 100 corresponding to 216 optical waveguides is 252 kg/km ± 10% kg/km.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the total number of optical waveguide ribbons is 18. The optical waveguide ribbons can also be a single type of group. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, in six cylindrical enclosures, the optical waveguide ribbon present per
25 cylindrical enclosure is 3. In another embodiment of the present
disclosure, the optical waveguides present per optical waveguide ribbon are 12. The total number of cylindrical enclosure present in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 6. The total number of waveguides present per cylindrical enclosure from first group is 36 (12*3= 36). The total number
30 of waveguides in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 216 (12*18= 216).
The number of fillers present in the optical waveguide cable is 0. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diameter of the optical
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waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 216 optical waveguides is in a range of about 21 mm ± 1 mm. The weight of the optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 216 optical waveguides is 252 kg/km ± 10% kg/km.
5 [0072] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the total number
of optical waveguide ribbons is 24. The optical waveguide ribbons present per cylindrical enclosure are 4. The optical waveguides present per optical waveguide ribbon are 12. The total number of cylindrical enclosure present in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 6. The total number of
10 waveguides present per cylindrical enclosure is 48 (12*4= 48). The total
number of waveguides in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 288 (12*24= 288). The number of fillers present in the optical waveguide cable is 0. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diameter of the optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 288 optical waveguides is in a
15 range of about 21 mm ± 1 mm. The weight of the optical waveguide cable
100 corresponding to 288 optical waveguides is 274 kg/km ± 10% kg/km.
[0073] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the total number of optical waveguide ribbons is 36. The optical waveguide ribbons present
20 per cylindrical enclosure are 6. The optical waveguides present per optical
waveguide ribbon are 12. The total number of cylindrical enclosure present in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 6. The total number of waveguides present per cylindrical enclosure is 72 (12*6= 72). The total number of waveguides in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 432 (12*36=
25 432). The number of fillers present in the optical waveguide cable is 0. In
an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diameter of the optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 432 optical waveguides is in a range of about 22.5 mm ± 1mm. The weight of the optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 432 optical waveguides is 311 kg/km ± 10%
30 kg/km.
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[0074] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the total number
of optical waveguide ribbons is 48. The optical waveguide ribbons present
per cylindrical enclosure are 12. The optical waveguides present per
optical waveguide ribbon are 12. The total number of cylindrical
5 enclosure present in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 4. The total
number of waveguides present per cylindrical enclosure is 144 (12*12=
144). The total number of waveguides in the optical waveguide cable 100
is 576 (12*48= 576). The number of fillers present in the optical
waveguide cable is 2. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
10 diameter of the optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 576 optical
waveguides is in a range about 28 mm ± 1 mm. The weight of the optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 576 optical waveguides is 469 kg/km ± 10% kg/km.
15 [0075] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the total number
of optical waveguide ribbons is 72. The optical waveguide ribbons present per cylindrical enclosure are 12. The optical waveguides present per optical waveguide ribbon are 12. The total number of cylindrical enclosure present in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 6. The total
20 number of waveguides present per cylindrical enclosure is 144 (12*12=
144). The total number of waveguides in the optical waveguide cable 100 is 864 (12*72= 864). The number of fillers present in the optical waveguide cable is 0. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diameter of the optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 864 optical
25 waveguides is in a range of about 28 mm ± 1mm. The weight of the
optical waveguide cable 100 corresponding to 864 optical waveguides is 469 kg/km ± 10% kg/km.
[0076] The optical waveguide cable 100 of the present disclosure
30 offers a number of advantages over the conventional cables. The optical
waveguide cable 100 is easy to blow inside the duct due to low friction
offered by the cable. The optical waveguide cable 100 optimizes the
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ribbon stack lay length and cylindrical enclosure lay length. Moreover, the optical waveguide cable 100 has low attenuation in the cable and low losses in the optical waveguide ribbon. The optical waveguide cable lOOis easy to install.
[0077] The foregoing descriptions of specified embodiments of the present technology have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present technology to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the present technology and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the present technology and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is understood that various omissions and substitutions of equivalents are contemplated as circumstance may suggest or render expedient, but such are intended to cover the application or implementation without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims of the present technology.
[0078] While several possible embodiments of the disclosure have been described above and illustrated in some cases, it should be interpreted and understood as to have been presented only by way of illustration and example, but not by limitation. Thus, the breadth and scope of a preferred embodiment should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments.

We claim:

An optical waveguide cable (100) comprising: a plurality of optical waveguides (110);
at least one inner layer surrounding the plurality of optical fibers; and a jacket, wherein the jacket is an outermost layer of the optical
waveguide cable (100), and wherein the jacket is ribbed against the at least
one inner layer.
The optical waveguide cable (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the jacket reduces contact surface inside a duct, reduces friction and improves blowing performance of the optical waveguide cable (100).
The optical waveguide cable (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the jacket is made of a high density polyethylene material having a density greater than or equal to 0.94 gm/cm3.
The optical waveguide cable (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the jacket comprises a thickness in a range of 1.6 mm to 2.2 mm.
The optical waveguide cable (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the jacket comprises at least one of a hexagonal shape, a ribbed shape, and a circular shape.
The optical waveguide cable (100) as claimed in claim 1, comprises:
at least one cylindrical enclosure stranded around a central robust
component made up of a PBTB thermoplastic material; and
at least one or more rip cords made up of polyester yarns and placed
about the interface of the outermost layer and the at least one inner layers.
The optical waveguide cable (100) as claimed in claim 1, comprises a central robust component, wherein the central robust component is made

up of a fiber reinforced plastic and comprises a radius of 2.5 mm.
The optical waveguide cable (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical waveguide cable (100) comprises one of 288 optical waveguides, 432 optical waveguides, 720 optical waveguides, 864 optical waveguides, 1152 optical waveguides, and 1728 optical waveguides.
The optical waveguide cable (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical waveguide cable (100) comprises at least one of:
a maximum attenuation of less than 0.4 dB/Km at a wavelength of 1310 nm,
a maximum attenuation of less than 0.4 dB/Km at a wavelength of 1383 nm, and
a maximum attenuation of less than 0.3 dB/Km at a wavelength of 1550 nm.
|. The optical waveguide cable (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one inner layer comprising at least one of:
a polyethylene, or elastomer or low smoke zero halogen layer,
a water swellable tape layer,
a binder yarn layer,
one or more helically arranged polyester thread binder yarns, and
a water blocking tape layer.
. A jacket for an optical waveguide cable (100), wherein the optical waveguide cable (100) comprising:
a plurality of optical waveguides (110); and
at least one inner layer surrounding the plurality of optical fibers, wherein the jacket is the outermost layer of the cable, and wherein the jacket is ribbed against at least one inner layer.
12. The jacket as claimed in the claim 11, wherein the jacket reduces contact

surface inside a duct, reduces friction and improves blowing performance of the optical waveguide cable.
The jacket as claimed in the claim 11, wherein the jacket is made of a iigh density polyethylene material, comprising a density greater than or ^qual to 0.94 gm/cm3.
The jacket as claimed in the claim 11, wherein the jacket has a thickness n a range of 1.6 mm to 2.2 mm.
The jacket as claimed in the claim 11, wherein the jacket has at least one 3f hexagonal shape, ribbed shape, or circular shape.
The jacket as claimed in the claim 11, wherein the at least one inner layer comprising at least one of:
a polyethylene, or elastomer or low smoke zero halogen layer,
a water swellable tape layer,
a binder yarn layer,
one or more helically arranged polyester thread binder yarns, and
a water blocking tape layer.