Negative Electrode Active Material And Negative Electrode Comprising Same For Electrochemical Device
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a negative electrode active material for an electrochemical device. The negative electrode active material is capable of intercalating or deintercalating lithium, and comprises composite particles comprising silicon (Si), lithium fluoride (LiF), and a carbon material. The composite particles comprise a carbon phase composed of a carbon material and Si-LiF mixed particles dispersed inside the carbon phase, wherein the mixed particles are dispersed in the carbon phase in a homogeneous or inhomogeneous distribution. In addition, the composite particles may be configured in a state in which the carbon phase and the Si-LiF mixed particles are homogeneously or amorphously mixed.
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Notices, Deadlines & Correspondence
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
2. KWON, Seo-Young
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
3. KIM, Jee-Eun
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
4. PARK, Ji-Young
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
5. PARK, Pil-Kyu
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
6. SONG, Hyeon-Min
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
7. YUN, Kwi-Sub
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
8. YOON, U-Jin
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
9. LEE, Jae-Young
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
10. LEE, Yong-Ju
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
11. CHOI, Jung-Hyun
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
Specification
Art
[1]
This application claims priority based on the Korea Patent Application No. 10-2016-0178317, filed on December 23, 2016. The present invention relates to electrochemical devices such as lithium ion secondary battery comprising a negative electrode active material and the negative electrode active material for an electrochemical device.
[2]
BACKGROUND
[3]
Recent battery acting as a power source in accordance with the miniaturization and weight reduction trend in electronic equipment also has been required a reduction in the size and weight. A charge and dischargeable battery such as size and weight, and high capacity is being put to practical use a lithium-based secondary cell, it is used for a small video camera, cell phone, laptop, etc. in portable electronic devices and communication equipment.
[4]
In general, the lithium secondary battery consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, the first lithium ions emitted from the positive electrode active material by first filling the negative electrode active material, for example such as to be inserted in the carbon particles is desorbed again during the discharge, both of the positive and negative electrodes because it acts as an electrode while reciprocating energy transfer is possible to charge and discharge.
[5]
On the other hand, the high capacity negative electrode material of such a much higher Sn, Si capacity per unit weight than the carbon used as a conventional negative electrode material being actively investigated in accordance with a high-capacity battery is required due to the continued development of the portable electronic device. Of the Si is known as a high-capacity negative electrode material having a low price and high capacity, for example, the negative electrode material of the graphite against a discharge capacity of about 10 times of the commercial (about 4200mAh / g).
[6]
But the Si is non-conductive point and the charging and discharging process of rapid volume expansion which last, and various side reactions, and up is due to the unstable SEI (Solid Electrolyte Interface) layer is formed, such as battery performance degradation, a large constraint in the commercialization accompanying therefrom It has received.
[7]
[8]
Various attempts to use the Si material as the negative electrode has been made. The Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2004-103340 (Patent Document 1), for example, silicon, tin, zinc and the like by the lithium occlusion also quaternised with a metal such as a Group 2A element or transition metal to form an expansion inhibiting phase, also occluding lithium metal by microcrystallization it is disclosed that can suppress deterioration due to charge-discharge cycles. In addition, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2008-023524 (Patent Document 2), a process for imparting a compressive force and a shearing force is carried out, in at least the silicon particles, the graphite material having a coating film made of a carbonaceous material on a portion of the surface in close contact lithium-ion secondary battery negative electrode material has been proposed which comprises the composite material having a structure. According to Patent Document 2, since the higher the adhesion between and between the metal particles and the carbonaceous material in the metal particles, are not the peeling between the metal particles by the expansion and contraction associated with charge and discharge, and with each other quality materials of metal particles and carbon, the discharge the capacity is higher than the theoretical capacity of graphite (372 mAh / g), it is shown that can offer the lithium ion secondary battery negative electrode material having excellent cycle characteristics and initial charge-discharge efficiency. However, the surface of the alloy particles in the proposal of Patent Document 1 may or may not, a smooth charge and discharge made easily oxidized because of a low conductivity compared to carbon material. In particular, the higher the electric resistance of the discharge end of the active material, is not it has sufficient discharge is performed lithium ion congestion in the interior of the particles near the surface, is the degradation factor of the cell. Further, while the Group 2 and Group 3 for insertion and alloyed with Li during desorption of lithium ions, Al, etc., and it includes a silicon existed plurality of Li storing phase if it contains a metal element, and as a result, the deterioration degree to be promoted do. In addition, the inflated silicon by the fact that in the proposal of Patent Document 2, the expansion ratio is very high crystallinity when compounding the silicon and graphite, a quantum coefficient of thermal expansion differ by more than four times is eliminated without remaining only in the pores of the graphite inner collapse of the particle It takes place, and as a result, there is a case to cause cycle degradation. In using a silicon material situation it is developed a need for a new cathode active material.
[9]
Detailed Description of the Invention
SUMMARY
[10]
An object of the present invention is to provide a cathode active material for an electrochemical device with low irreversible phenomenon a high initial efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide a negative electrode and an electrochemical device having excellent life characteristics, including the negative electrode comprising the negative electrode active material. Other objects and advantages of the other invention will be readily appreciated that this can be realized by the means as claimed and combinations thereof.
[11]
Problem solving means
[12]
The present invention is directed to a battery comprising the composite particles, and it can be applied as an anode active material.
[13]
SUMMARY A first aspect of the present invention with respect to the composite particles, the composite particles comprising a carbon material, silicon and fluorinated lithium (LiF), and a carbon phase and a Si-LiF mixed particles formed of the carbon material, the Si -LiF mixed particles it is dispersed to a homogeneous or uniform distribution within minutes onto the carbon.
[14]
A second aspect of the present invention according to the first aspect, the Si-LiF mixed particles or at least a portion of the Si particle surface is coated with LiF, will with Si particles and LiF are mixed homogeneous homogeneous or fire, the Si particle is a particle diameter (D50) is 1nm to 700nm.
[15]
A third aspect of the present invention according to the second aspect, to a crystallite size La of the XRD diffraction pattern of the Si particles greater than 20nm.
[16]
A fourth aspect of the present invention is the first to third according to any one of the aspects, homogeneous mixture of the carbon material is high crystalline carbon and a low crystalline carbon or non-homogeneous mixture.
[17]
A fifth aspect of the present invention, the first to fourth process according to any one of the aspects, wherein the carbon material is natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon nanotube, a low-crystalline soft carbon, New Brunswick carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene ( graphene), fullerenes (fullerene), carbon fiber, pyrolytic carbon (pyrolytic carbon), liquid crystal pitch based carbon fibers (mesophase pitch based carbon fiber), carbon microspheres (meso-carbon microbeads), a liquid crystal pitch of (Mesophase pitches), and the oil and coal-based coke, petroleum or coal tar pitch derived cokes) and to the one or more mixtures selected from the group consisting of carbon black.
[18]
The sixth aspect of the present invention is the first to the fifth method according to any one of the aspects, the content of the carbon material of the composite particles is 10% to 90% by weight.
[19]
A seventh aspect of the invention, the first to sixth according to any one of the aspects, the composite particle is the particle diameter of 1㎛ to 100㎛, 50% particle diameter (D in the volume cumulative particle size distribution 50 are) 1 to ㎛ 50㎛ it is.
[20]
An eighth aspect of the present invention, the first to seventh method according to any one of the aspects, the composite particles may be covered with a covering layer that at least a portion of the surface of the particle contains the low crystalline carbon material, the thickness of the coating layer It is of 5nm to 100nm.
[21]
In the ninth aspect, the eighth aspect of the invention, the coating layer is not less than 90% by weight compared to 100% by weight of the coating layer content of the low crystalline carbon material.
[22]
As for the tenth aspect of the negative electrode active material and a negative electrode containing the composite particles of the present invention, the negative electrode active material and the negative electrode includes the composite particle according to any one of the first to ninth aspects.
[23]
The eleventh aspect of the present invention to include, to (S10) to (S50) as steps of a method for producing the composite particles according to the first aspect to ninth aspect:
[24]
(S10) to prepare a mixed-grain Si-LiF;
[25]
(S20) to prepare a slurry containing the mixed particles, a carbon precursor, and a carbon material;
[26]
(S30) drying the sleeve Lee;
[27]
(S40) to obtain a composite precursor particles by heating the dried resultant obtained in the above (S30); And
[28]
(S50) to obtain the composite particles to the composite particles undifferentiated precursor obtained above (S40).
[29]
12th aspect of the invention is according to the eleventh aspect, wherein the carbon precursor solution is a polyacrylonitrile, a dispersion of at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose and a dispersion medium pitch condition.
[30]
A method according to any of the thirteenth aspect is the eleventh to twelfth aspect of the present invention one step of manufacturing a-Si LiF mixed particle (S10) is performed in such a way that a mechanical mixture of Si and LiF.
[31]
The method of claim 13 wherein the side 14 is the side of the present invention, the Si is to have a purity as a material using 98% or less Si.
[32]
Fifteenth aspect of the present invention according to any one of the eleventh to fourteenth aspects, wherein the carbon precursor is polyacrylonitrile, not less than one member selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose and pitch.
[33]
16th aspect of the invention according to any one of the eleventh to fifteenth aspect, the (S40) is carried out at 400 ℃ to 1,100 ℃.
[34]
Effects of the Invention
[35]
A negative electrode according to the invention are conventional silicon-a, the initial efficiency is high volume expansion can be suppressed compared to the carbon composite cathode material is reduced irreversible phenomenon. In addition, a dispersion of uniform particles of active material in the electrode can be improved conductivity and silhyeom. Therefore, when producing a battery comprising the negative electrode material according to the invention it has the effect that the life characteristics of the cell improve.
[36]
Brief Description of the Drawings
[37]
Intended to illustrate the following figures attached to the specification are exemplary of the invention, the components which serve to further understand the spirit of the invention and together with the description of which will be described later invention, the details of this invention is described in such figures be construed as limited only is not.
[38]
Figure 1 shows the schematic view showing the internal structure of the composite particles according to the present invention.
[39]
Figure 2 shows in comparison to the initial charge-discharge efficiency of the battery according to an embodiment of the invention.
[40]
Mode for the Invention
[41]
That the description and the terms used in the claims is general and not be construed as limited to the dictionary meanings are not, the inventor can adequately define terms to describe his own invention in the best way It interpreted based on the meanings and concepts corresponding to technical aspects of the present invention on the basis of the principle. Therefore, the configuration shown in the embodiments described herein are a variety of equivalents that in not intended to limit the scope of the present and only one embodiment the most preferred of this invention, it can be made thereto according to the present application point it should be understood that there may be an example water and modifications.
[42]
[43]
Throughout the present specification, when that any part is "connected" with another part, which further includes the case that "if it is directly connected to", as well as sandwiched between the other element or intervening elements are "electrically connected" .
[44]
[45]
Throughout the present specification, when any and "includes" section is any component, which is not to exclude other components not specifically described against which means that it is possible to further include other components.
[46]
[47]
The term "about" is used throughout the present specification, "substantially" and the like when the manufacturing and material tolerances inherent in the stated meaning to be presented is used as a means close to the value at or value exactly to aid the understanding of the present or is used to prevent the use of unduly self absolute value is in the unscrupulous infringe mentioned disclosure.
[48]
[49]
As that throughout the present specification, do the term of "a combination of (s)" contained in the surface of the comb type refers to one or more mixing or a combination selected from the group consisting of the components described in the representation of the town comb form, It is meant to include at least one selected from the group consisting of the above components.
[50]
[51]
Throughout the present specification, "A and / or B" means a base material of "A or B or both".
[52]
[53]
The present invention relates to a negative active material for an electrochemical device. The negative electrode active material is as a possible occlusion and release of lithium, a composite particle containing a silicon (Si), fluorinated lithium (LiF), and carbon materials.
[54]
[55]
In the present invention, to the composite particle comprises a carbon phase, a mixed LiF-Si particles that are distributed within a phase wherein the carbon comprises a carbon material. The mixed particles in the concrete exemplary aspect of the invention is dispersed in a uniform or non-uniformly distributed within the said carbon. Preferably, the mixed particles to have a uniform distribution within the said carbon. In a specific exemplary embodiment of the invention, the composite particle has a carbon phase and a Si-LiF mixed particles can be of a state in which the mixed uniformly or non-uniformly. Figure 1 shows the schematic view showing a cross-section of a composite particle 100 according to one embodiment of the invention. Here, reference numeral 110 is a Si-LiF mixed-grain, and reference numeral 111 is LiF, reference numeral 112 denotes the Si. And, reference numeral 150 is shown as the carbon phase comprises a carbonaceous material (130) of said carbon phase is for example a highly crystalline carbon material 120 and the low-crystalline and / or amorphous. And, reference numeral 140 represents a coat layer which covers the surface of the composite particles, as described below.
[56]
[57]
In a specific exemplary embodiment of the invention, the composite particle is a composite particle compared to the total carbon material is 10% to 90% by weight. To play a role, such as electrical connections, a buffer for expansion of the mixture particles, the holding structure of the powder between the carbon material is the mixed particles. The amount of the carbon material may be at least 15% by weight or more, 25% or more, 35% or more, 45% or 55% by weight within this range. In addition, the content of the carbon material may be included at 85% or less, 75% or less, less than 65% by weight or less than 55% by weight within this range.
[58]
[59]
In the present invention, the Si-LiF mixed particles are mixed to a homogeneous or heterogeneous of LiF and Si particles merchant, or may be in the form of LiF is coating at least a part of the Si particle surface. In the present invention LiF mainly, and is distributed on the surface of the Si material, for example, it may be continuous and uniformly distributed throughout the Si surface of a particulate (granular), or LiF the light onto the fine particles on the Si surface of the particulate It can be continuously distributed. To be preferably distributed in the form of the latter when considering the ease of the manufacturing process side can be made in a form that are distributed continuously or discontinuously on the surface of the Si material.
[60]
[61]
In the present invention, it is that the LiF is covering the surface of the Si material means that LiF has a relatively high rate of distribution to the surface of the Si material than the proportion present as an independent phase such as a single powder or agglomerates. Preferably when at least 50% or more is distributed, and the distribution is less than 50% of the Si particle surface area it may be difficult to exert the effects, such as improving the capacity retention ratio desired.
[62]
[63]
In the present invention, the Si particle is a particle diameter (D50) is 1nm to 700nm. Particle diameter of the Si (D50) is as to be properly adjusted within this range, specifically, the lower limit thereof may be as 5nm, 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 50nm, 100nm, 200nm, its upper limit is 600nm, 500nm, 450nm, 400nm, 350nm, 300nm, 250nm, 200nm, 100nm can be made. Further, the grain size of the silicon particles in the mixture is less than or equal to the value La upon XRD measurement 30nm. The size of crystal grains is the measure by a diffractometer using an X-ray, for example, half-value width and syereo (Scherrer) formula [D (Å) = K * λ / (β * cosθ) According to the present invention: the expression K is a constant , λ is the wavelength of X-rays, β extends diffraction line according to a crystallite size, θ can be calculated by introducing the diffraction angle 2θ / θ]. In the present invention, the grain size La is the size of a crystal grain in the axial direction according to X-ray diffraction analysis on the powder form of the Si particles.
[64]
[65]
If the Si-LiF mixed particles in an embodiment of the present invention is the LiF coated continuously or discontinuously on the surface of the particulate Si is a coating layer of LiF is 0.1nm to 50nm.
[66]
[67]
The grain size of Si is too large, and to the particles inside the Si without reacting with the lithium in a surface layer of easy-Si particles to react with the lithium is inserted, desorption of lithium can be up and the cracking of the particle surface portion expands, which undifferentiated is caused while repeating It can be. For this reason, Si is can take place the separation and / or eliminated, or Si thereto a whole and can keep the contact of the not lowered because the charge-discharge capacity of the rapid cycle house accordingly. Therefore, Si is required to be micronized to a size that does not happen in the microstructure. Therefore, the grain size (La) of Si is not more than 10nm is to 20nm, preferably.
[68]
[69]
The mixed particles, as will be described later, by the addition of LiF in the step of micronized by Si in the mechanical mixture of LiF and Si or a mixture or composite, a LiF can be obtained in such a way as to cover the surface of the Si particles.
[70]
[71]
In a specific exemplary embodiment of the invention, in the mixed particles LiF may amount of 0.1 to 50 parts by weight based on Si 100 parts by weight, 1 part by weight or more in the above range, 5 parts by weight or more and 10 parts by weight or more, 20 may be in parts by weight or more, more than 25 parts by weight or 30 parts by weight or more. In addition, it can be within the range of less than 45 parts by weight or less, 40 parts by weight or less, 35 parts by weight or less, 30 parts by weight or less, 25 parts by weight or 10 parts by weight.
[72]
Further, in the composite particles of Si is 5 to 90% by weight compared to 100% by weight of the multiparticulate.
[73]
[74]
And a carbonaceous material wherein the carbon phase. In a specific exemplary embodiment of the present invention comprises the above carbon material is high crystalline carbon material, a low crystalline carbon material and one or more of the amorphous hard carbon. The carbon material may be homogeneous or non-homogeneous mixture of the carbon material. do. The composite particles according to a specific exemplary embodiment of the present invention preferably includes a highly crystalline carbon as the carbon material. To the carbon material are natural graphite, artificial graphite, low-crystalline soft carbon, carbon nano New Brunswick (CNT), graphene (graphene), fullerenes (fullerene), carbon fiber, pyrolytic carbon (pyrolytic carbon), liquid crystal pitch based carbon fibers (mesophase pitch based carbon fiber), carbon microspheres (meso-carbon microbeads), a liquid crystal pitch of (Mesophase pitches), and the oil and coal-based coke, petroleum or coal tar pitch derived cokes), but carbon black and the like is not limited thereto no.
[75]
[76]
The carbon phase may be a mixture of low-crystalline carbon materials and / or amorphous carbon material with a highly crystalline carbon material is mixed sangil. The carbon phase in the specific exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be made of low-crystalline carbon material and amorphous carbon of the hard so that it is at least one or more highly-crystallized carbon material is uniformly or non-uniformly in the matrix of the three-dimensional structure consisting of a distributed. The matrix may be of composite particles can not only support the role to maintain stable particulate physically to act, which electrically connected to the highly crystalline carbon material and Si-LiF mixed particles.
[77]
[78]
In a specific exemplary embodiment of the invention, optionally, the composite particles may be provided with a coating layer covering at least a portion of the particle surface. The covering layer is a low crystalline carbon material and / or the non-crystalline include a carbon material, wherein said low-crystalline and / or amorphous content of the carbon material is coating the total amount over 70 weight% or higher, 80% or more or 90 wt. In % will be higher. Covering the area by the coating layer is not less than 70% of the particle surface area, at least 80%, or 90%. Furthermore, in the specific exemplary embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the coating layer will of 5nm to 100nm, the lower limit within the above range may be 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 40nm or 50nm. On the other hand, the upper limit of the thickness of the coating layer may be 100nm, 90nm, 80nm, 70nm, 60m within this range. Whereby the composite particles coated with the said coating layer has an effect of improving the conductivity of the composite particles it can be prevented from being exposed to the outside Si-LiF mixed particles by the coating. In addition, because the higher the storage stability of the active material particles by the coating thickness of the coating layer is made thick to the extent possible.
[79]
[80]
May include the low-crystalline carbon material is soft carbon and / or a soft heat-treating the carbon at a temperature below about 1000 ℃ crystallinity is at least one or more of those having a lower structure in the specific exemplary embodiment of the invention. The amorphous carbon may include hard carbon material, carbon black, thermal black, at least one selected from acetylene black.
[81]
In a specific exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the coating layer can be formed by heat treatment (carbonization) it to a temperature of about 500 ℃ to about 1000 ℃ after covering the composite particles wherein a carbon precursor material such as a polymeric material or a pitch . At this time, If the carbonization temperature is too high, so the crystal structure or the like of the components constituting the composite particles may be affected is preferably controlled within the above temperature range. In a further specific exemplary embodiment, the coating layer may be formed in such a manner that conductive carbon particles that are directly coated on the surface of the composite particles. Such conductive carbon particles are acetylene black (acetylene black), thermal black (thermal black), furnace black (furnace black), channel black carbon black (carbon black) and carbon fiber (carbon fiber) such as (channel black), carbon and the like can be given tube (carbon tube). However, this is not only limited to this one example only.
[82]
In a specific exemplary embodiment of the invention, the composite particle is the particle diameter of 1㎛ to 100㎛. Particle size of the composite particles may be less than the range from 80㎛ 30㎛ hereinafter 70㎛ hereinafter 50㎛ hereinafter 40㎛ hereinafter. Further, the range may be greater than or equal to within at least 3㎛, 5㎛ above, 10㎛ disorders, 15㎛, 20㎛. Further, the composite particles is 50% volume cumulative particle size distribution of the diameter (D 50 to a) of from 1 to 50㎛. Also, D of the composite particle 50 may be an upper limit within the above range 45㎛, 40㎛, 35㎛, 30㎛, 25㎛ or 20㎛. Further, the composite particles is 90% or less in diameter 40㎛, 30㎛ less, 25㎛, 20㎛ or less of the volume cumulative particle size distribution. 50% diameter and the measurement of the 90% diameter of volume cumulative particle size distribution, for example, obtained by a cumulative frequency when the laser diffraction particle size of Nikkiso Co. using the distribution measurement apparatus, the measurement was 3 minutes and dispersed by a built-in ultrasonic can.
[83]
[84]
Next will be described a method of manufacturing the composite particles. The method for producing the composite particles comprises the following steps which will be described later (S10) to (S50).
[85]
First, to produce a Si-LiF mixed particle (S10).
[86]
In a specific exemplary embodiment of the invention, the manner in which the mixed particles are added to the LiF in the step of undifferentiated by the Si particles in the mechanical mixing with the LiF and Si blended by mechanical mixing or LiF is to cover the surface of the Si particles as it can be obtained.
[87]
[88]
The mechanical mixing is to use a principle which is generated is the surface energy, adhesion and / or fusion to coat the surface energy is high by the interface between the mechanical energy. This composition is homogenized within the powder, since the two (2) or more components by using the mechanical energy can be mixed or compounded at a temperature below its melting point. The mechanical mixing, for example, a ball mill (ball mill), a bead mill, a planetary ball mill, art liter (attritor), a high-energy mill, a vibration mill, a mechanochemical Fusion mill (mechanofusion milling), shaker milling (shaker milling), None of the planetary mill (planetary milling), disc mill (disk milling), safe milling (shape milling), Nauta milling (nauta milling), Nobile other milling (nobilta milling), high speed mixing (high speed mix), or a combination thereof one can be carried out in a manner, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. the mechanical mixing in the specific exemplary embodiment of the present invention is a suitable solvent for LiF and Si in powder form (e. g., isopropyl alcohol and / or NMP) and then a solution may be obtained by crushing the selected method of the aforementioned milling methods it.
[89]
[90]
On the other hand, the raw material of the mixed particles are Si material to maintain a low degree of surface oxidation of the Si and LiF the Si active material according to one specific embodiment of the invention uses not more than 98% purity.
[91]
In a specific exemplary embodiment of the invention, and Si particles are mechanically mixed with the addition of LiF of being undifferentiated in hundreds nm to be a particle diameter meter (preferably) LiF is covered with a Si particles, or Si and LiF and allowed to mix. As described above, the grain size of the final Si is adjusted so that the value La is less than 20 nm upon XRD measurement. The Si-LiF mixed particles are obtained by this process.
[92]
[93]
Next, in preparing a slurry containing the Si-LiF mixed particles, the carbon precursor and the carbon material (S20). In a specific exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the carbon precursor, if an organic compound which such a carbon precursor containing carbon as being a carbon material by carbonization reaction by high-temperature heat treatment can be used without limitation. Non-limiting examples of such carbon precursor roneun heavy oils, resins, methane, and ethylene acetylene, polyacrylonitrile (polyacrylonitrile), polyvinyl alcohol (polyvinyl alchol), cellulose (cellulose), pitch (pitch), etc., of the selected You can use more than one kind. The resin as is, and a suitable heat-curable resin (thermosettiing resin) that carbide can be then cross-linked, specifically, urea resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, alkyl resin, alkyd resin, urethane resin and the like. However, it is not the carbon precursor is particularly limited thereto.
[94]
[95]
In one embodiment of the invention the slurry may be prepared in the following way. First, the dispersion of the carbon precursor in an appropriate solvent to prepare a precursor solution. The solvent is dimethyl sulfoxide (dimethylsulfoxide), in dimethylformamide (dimethylformamide), dimethyl-amyl amine (dimethylamylamine), water, N- methylmorpholine N- oxide (N-methylmorpholine N-oxide) and a mixed solution of water, lithium chloride (lithium of the chloride) and dimethyl mixture of acetamide (a mixture of sodium hydroxide in dimethylacetamide) (NaOH) and urea (urea), quinoline (quinoline), toluene (toluene), isopropyl alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) and NMP (N-Methylpyrrolidone) you can use the selected one or more, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.
[96]
The thus prepared a Si-LiF mixed particles and carbon materials obtained in the above (S10) to the carbon precursor solution was added to prepare a slurry by dispersing.
[97]
In this step, it is preferred to include a highly-crystallized carbon material such as the carbon material precursor solution, natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon nanotube, fullerene is added to, graphene.
[98]
The carbon material and Si-LiF mixed particles can be mixed in a ratio of 10: 90 to 90: 10. Further, the content of the carbon precursor in the precursor solution is injected is preferably in the proportion of carbon material 100 parts by weight compared to 1 to 40 parts by weight.
[99]
[100]
And then drying the slurry prepared in the (S20) (S30). In a specific exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the drying may be carried out by the method of spray drying. In the spray drying process, the spray dryer inlet (inlet) temperature setting to 60 ℃ to 280 ℃, the outlet (outlet) temperature setting may be controlled to 60 ℃ to 280 ℃. The initial raw material powder of a source material momentarily contained in the solvent of the slurry and the slurry was evaporated to be injected with aggregated granular average 50 ~ 80 ㎛ size distribution is obtained. After the pressing the initial raw material powder to prepare a formed body in a pellet form. The pressure is, for example, be performed by applying pressure of 40 ~ 150 Mpa with respect to the raw material powder.
[101]
[102]
The heat treatment and then to a result (for example, a formed body in pellet form) obtained in the step (S30) (S40).
[103]
In one embodiment of the invention the heat treatment is an inert atmosphere (N 2 , H 2 and heat treated at, COgas etc.). In a specific exemplary embodiment of the invention, the heat treatment temperature is of 400 ℃ to 1,100 ℃. The organic component comprises one component through the heat treatment is carbonized carbon is residual ashes. In this way, to obtain the composite particles precursor.
[104]
[105]
Next, the obtained composite particles are micronized to a desired level, the output (composite particle precursor) of the (S40) to (S50). (S40) heat-treating the molded product of the carbide pellets may be obtained through the by undifferentiated them, for example by mechanical mixing, to obtain the composite particles. Method of mechanical mixing can be used by appropriately selecting one or more of the methods illustrated in (S10) step, not described repeatedly here. Furthermore, in an embodiment of the invention, the mechanical mixing can be carried out in a pulverized in the above-described way and then further air jet mill method further micronized.
[106]
[107]
Further, the composite particles according to the present invention may form a further coating layer after the above (S50) step to perform. Coating layer may be formed of the composite particles is a result obtained through the (S50) by means of mechanical mixing and mixed with pitch powder. Method of mechanical mixing can be used by appropriately selecting one or more of the methods illustrated in (S10) step, not described repeatedly here. In a specific exemplary embodiment of the present invention by mixing the composite particles with pitch powder, and a ball mill it to the speed of about 100rpm to form a coating layer on the surface of the composite particles. Or an amorphous carbon material by a deposition method such as CVD can be deposited on the surface of the composite particles.
[108]
Further, in one specific embodiment of the invention, the composite particles obtained according to the production method of the present invention will not have a differential below 1㎛. To this end, it is possible to further perform the screening step for removing the fine powder of less than 1㎛ after production of the composite particles.
[109]
[110]
The present invention also provides an electrochemical device comprising the cathode and the anode containing the composite particles as an anode active material.
[111]
[112]
In a specific exemplary embodiment of the invention, the cathode is the negative electrode comprises a negative electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of a collector and the current collector.
[113]
[114]
The anode current collector is made of a thickness of 3㎛ ~ 500㎛. The anode current collector does not induce any chemical change in the battery, and as long as it has conductivity. For example, copper, steel, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, carbon, copper or stainless steel surface, nickel, titanium, is surface-treated with, such as aluminum - can be used cadmium alloy, or the like. Anode current collector is the same, to form fine irregularities on the surface can increase adhesion of the negative electrode active material, it is possible to form various films, sheets, foils, nets, porous structures, foams and non-woven fabric and the positive electrode collector.
[115]
[116]
In the present invention, the negative active material layer includes a negative electrode active material, conductive material and binder.
[117]
[118]
The negative electrode active material, in addition to the composite particles according to the present invention, for example, I carbon such as graphitized carbon, graphite-based carbon; LixFe 2 O 3 (0≤x≤1), LixWO 2 (0≤x≤1), Sn x Me 1 -x Me ' y O z (Me: Mn, Fe, Pb, Ge; Me': Al, B metal composite oxides such as 1≤z≤8);, P, Si, Group 1 of the Periodic Table, Group 2, Group 3 element, a halogen; 0
Documents
Application Documents
#
Name
Date
1
201817048129.pdf
2018-12-19
2
201817048129-TRANSLATIOIN OF PRIOIRTY DOCUMENTS ETC. [19-12-2018(online)].pdf
2018-12-19
3
201817048129-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [19-12-2018(online)].pdf
2018-12-19
4
201817048129-PROOF OF RIGHT [19-12-2018(online)].pdf