DESC:FORM-2
THE PATENT ACT, 1970
(39 OF 1970)
AND
THE PATENT RULES, 2003
(As Amended)

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10; rule 13)

“A Spreader Composition”

The following specification particularly describes the invention:

Field of Invention
The present invention generally relates to a spreader for agricultural chemicals and agricultural biological substances and a method of spreading the agricultural chemicals and agricultural biological substances. More particularly, the invention relates to a silicon based liquid spreader composition and a method of spreading the agriculture chemicals and agricultural composition.

Background
In agriculture, the effective application of agricultural chemicals (agrochemicals) is crucial for controlling weeds, harmful insects, and preventing plant diseases. If agriculture chemicals remain unevenly distributed on plants, their efficacy may be significantly reduced. Uneven distribution can lead to poor pest control, increased chemical usage, and potential crop damage. To maximize their effectiveness, it is essential that agriculture chemicals spread uniformly across plant/leaves surfaces and penetrate plant leaves efficiently before being washed away by rain. Therefore, agricultural spreading agents comprising surfactants are employed to ensure even distribution and improved effective absorption.

Existing spreaders, regardless of their quality, often fail to spread uniformly and adequately when applied to crops by various methods. This inefficiency leads to poor absorption and retention of the agrochemicals on different parts of the plants, with much of the chemicals being washed away. The primary issue is the high surface tension of these formulations and, in some cases, a lack of homogeneity. This problem is particularly pronounced in oil-based formulations. As a result, crops require higher dosages, leading to excess chemicals being deposited in the soil and on plant parts, which are not absorbed by the plants. This excess can cause undesirable changes in soil quality and health, ultimately harming soil fertility over time.

Traditional surfactants have been used to enhance the spreading and penetration of these chemicals. However, their performance is often limited by environmental factors and their chemical interactions with other substances. This has led to the development of advanced non-ionic silicon-based super-spreaders, which offer significant improvements over conventional surfactants.

However, the prior silicone-based spreading agent needs further improvement in terms of uneven spreading, absorption, and surface tension.
Non-ionic silicon-based spreaders are designed with a unique structure that includes silicone. The structure not only provides exceptional stability but also dramatically reduces the surface tension. As a result, super-spreaders enable the even distribution of agrochemicals across plant surfaces, ensuring comprehensive coverage and increased efficacy.
Therefore, there is a need for a spreader composition having low toxicity and higher surface activity.

Summary
The present invention relates to a spreader, preferably, a non-ionic silicon-based spreader.
It is an object of the present invention to improve the spreading and absorption of agricultural chemicals and agricultural biological substances.
An object of the present invention is to provide a spreading agent for agricultural chemicals and agricultural biological substances. The spreading agent or spreader comprises following components:
• a non-ionic surfactant or viscosity modifier, and humectant, selected from the group comprising of ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, or polyglycerol, preferably PEG200, PEG, 300, PEG 400;
• Glycerol modified silicon compounds Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane like Silwet 408; silwet 77
• Stabilizer like, methanol; ethanol, isopropyl alcohol
• Water (DM).

Optionally, the spreader comprises shelf-life enhancer, preservatives, like Potassium sorbate; citric acid and antifoam agent (like struktol J673); and simethicone.

The spreader composition further comprises agent for maintaining viscosity, like, glycerol; carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, acacia gum.

Another object of the present invention is a spreader for agricultural chemicals and agricultural biologicals, said spreader comprising the following:

Table 1: Composition of the spreader
Composition
S. No. Composition %
1 Ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, or polyglycerol 35-40%
2 Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane 25-30%
3 Potassium Sorbate (optionally added to further increase composition activity) 2-4%
4 Methanol 15-20%
5 Glycerine or glycerol 5-7%
6 Antifoam (struktol J673) (optionally added to further increase composition activity) 0.02-0.04%
7 Water (DM) 12-14%

In an embodiment, the present invention further relates to a silicon-based adjuvant to enhance the spreading of agricultural chemical and biological products/actives, including but not limited to plant growth regulators, fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, micronutrients, weedicides, and more.

Another aspect of the present invention is that the composition significantly reduces the surface tension of agricultural oil-based and other formulations, enabling them to spread broadly and uniformly over all parts of the plant. This, in turn, enhances the effects of agricultural chemical and biological products/actives, including but not limited to plant growth regulators, fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, micronutrients, weedicides, and more.

The spreader composition of the present invention significantly reduces surface tension of agricultural chemical and biological products/actives allowing them to spread widely and uniformly on agricultural plants. The spreader composition may also be referred as modified super spreader agent (MSSA) composition.

In the aforesaid spreading agent, a non-ionic surfactant or a viscosity modifier, and humectant, like ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, or polyglycerol, preferably PEG-200, PEG-300, PEG-400 is added in the range of 35-40% of the composition.

In an embodiment of the present invention, 25-30% of the composition is a Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane, like Silwet 408. Silwet 408 used as spray adjuvant helps to accelerate the rapid uptake of agricultural chemicals into plants and foliage through stomatal infiltration, resulting in rain fast spray solutions and improved application reliability.

In a preferred embodiment the present invention, the spreading agent further comprises 12-14% water, used as a solvent and diluter; 2- 4% agent to prolong the shelf life of the composition like potassium sorbate; 15-20% stabilizer, like methanol; 5-7% Glycerine or glycerol used to maintain viscosity and moisture of the composition; 0.02-0.04% antifoam agent (like Struktol J673).

Non-ionic silicon-based spreaders like the spreading agent provided herein represent a significant technological advancement in surfactant technology. Their ability to provide uniform coverage, enhance chemical penetration, and maintain environmental safety makes them a superior choice for modern agricultural practices. These spreaders not only improve the efficacy of agricultural chemicals but also contribute to more sustainable and efficient farming methods.
In the present invention, an agrochemical composition comprising the spreader composition and agriculture chemical or agriculture biological, wherein the spreader composition includes
a non-ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, polyethylene and Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane like silwet 408 and silwet 77, methanol as a stabilizer, glycerine, water, and optionally potassium sorbate and antifoaming agent to enhance the uniform distribution, adhesion and penetration of the agriculture chemical or agriculture biological on plant surfaces, thereby improving its efficacy. The agricultural chemical may include fertilizers, pesticides & insecticides, fungicides, weedicides & herbicides, micro-nutrients, plant growth regulators. In a preferred embodiment, the percentage of spreader in the agrochemical composition is 0.02% v/v.

The present invention is also directed to a method of spreading an agricultural chemical or agriculture biological, the method comprising adding the composition to an agricultural chemical or or agriculture biological and bringing the agricultural chemical or or agriculture biological into contact with a plant, or pest or insect or disease-causing organism including microorganism.

The present invention is a high-quality silicone-based adjuvant and can be used in a wide variety of crops and is compatible with the majority of the agrochemicals and agrobiologicals. Application of this composition is widely acceptable for biological & chemical predations used in agriculture practices. The non-ionic silicon-based spreader has several uses, applications, and advantages in a variety of sectors like agriculture, paint and resin industries.

Brief description of drawings

Figure 1 shows a non-ionic silicone-based liquid spreading agent of the present invention.

Detailed Description
The present invention is directed to a spreader composition, preferably, silicon-based. The spreader composition is prepared for mixed with agrochemicals and agrobiologicals to obtain a formulation/solution for the optimal delivery of agricultural inputs to crops, ensuring maximum efficacy.

The spreader composition is mixed with agricultural chemicals and agricultural biological substances for enhanced insecticidal properties by quickly and evenly spreading across the crop surface when applied.

In an embodiment the present invention produces a new generation non-ionic silicone-based adjuvant specifically developed for agricultural purposes. When combined with other agricultural inputs, it enhances the efficacy of the spray solution through its unique and multiple modes of action.

In an embodiment, the present invention is useful in making spreadable compositions/formulations of agricultural chemicals and biologicals as follows:
1. Chemical-
a. Fertilizers
b. Pesticides
c. Insecticides
d. Fungicides
e. Weedicides
f. Herbicides
g. Micro-Nutrients
h. Plant growth regulators
2. Biological-
a. Fertilizers
b. Pesticides
c. Insecticides
d. Weedicides
e. Fungicides
f. Herbicides
g. Micro-nutrients
h. Plant growth regulators

To evenly spread the agricultural chemicals or biological actives on the plants and to enhance the penetration of the active ingredient into the plant leaves before washed away by rain, an agricultural spreading agent comprising a surfactant has been used.

In an embodiment the present invention spreader, spreading agent has also been used on account of its very low toxicity and high surface activity, high penetration of biological & chemical formulations on the whole plant body of agricultural crops. The formulation composition practically applied as a spreading agent for agricultural chemical & biological formulations.

The present invention in specific embodiments is directed to a non-ionic silicone-based adjuvant, specifically developed for agricultural applications, offers a range of changes with respect to prior formulations. It reduces surface tension, ensuring better coverage and penetration of agricultural inputs. Its excellent compatibility with both chemical and biological formulations enhances the overall efficacy of spray solutions through its unique and multiple modes of action. In drug delivery applications, it facilitates fast-spreading methods, leading to improved absorption of active ingredients. Additionally, its use can lower dosage requirements, improving the cost-effectiveness of biologicals and chemicals. Moreover, it contributes to longer shelf life and field durability, making it a valuable addition to agricultural practices.

The spreading agent or spreader composition according to an embodiment comprises following components:
• a non-ionic surfactant or viscosity modifier, and humectant, selected from the group comprising of ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, or polyglycerol, preferably PEG200, PEG, 300, PEG 400;
• Glycerol modified silicon compounds Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane like Silwet 408; silwet 77
• Stabilizer like, methanol; ethanol, isopropyl alcohol
• Water (DM).

Optionally, the spreader comprises shelf-life enhancer, preservatives, like Potassium sorbate; citric acid and antifoam agent (like struktol J673); and simethicone.

The spreader composition further comprises agent for maintaining viscosity, like, glycerol; carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, acacia gum.

The spreader composition comprises the following:

Table 2: Composition of the spreading agent of the present invention
Composition
S. No. Composition %
1 Ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, or polyglycerol 35-40%
2 Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane 25-30%
3 Potassium Sorbate (optionally added to further increase composition activity) 2-4%
4 Methanol 15-20%
5 Glycerine or glycerol 5-7%
6 Antifoam (struktol J673) (optionally added to further increase composition activity) 0.02-0.04%
7 Water (DM) 12-14%

In the aforesaid spreading agent, a non-ionic surfactant a viscosity modifier, and humectant, like ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, or polyglycerol, preferably PEG-200, PEG-300, PEG-400 is added in the range of 35-40% of the composition.

In an embodiment of the present invention, 25-30% of the composition is a Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane, like silwet 408. Silwet 408 used as spray adjuvant helps to accelerate the rapid uptake of agricultural chemicals into plants and foliage through stomatal infiltration, resulting in rain fast spray solutions and improved application reliability.

In a preferred embodiment the present invention, the spreading agent further comprises 12-14% water, used as a solvent and diluter; 2- 4% agent to prolong the shelf life of the composition like potassium sorbate; 15-20% stabilizer, like methanol; 5-7% Glycerine or glycerol used to maintain viscosity and moisture of the composition; 0.02-0.04% Antifoam agent (like Struktol J673).

Non-ionic silicon-based spreaders like the spreading agent provided herein represent a significant technological advancement in surfactant technology. Their ability to provide uniform coverage, enhance chemical penetration, and maintain environmental safety makes them a superior choice for modern agricultural practices. These spreaders not only improve the efficacy of agricultural chemicals but also contribute to more sustainable and efficient farming methods.

A glycerol modified silicon Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane, like silwet 408 used as spray adjuvant that helps to accelerate the rapid uptake of agricultural chemicals into plants and foliage through stomatal infiltration, resulting in rain fast spray solutions and improved application reliability. The adjuvant is also used to enhance the performance of agricultural chemical and biological inputs namely growth regulators, fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, micronutrients, weedicides, etc. Its superior wetting and spreading capabilities ensure that these agricultural chemicals and biological are uniformly distributed across plant surfaces, including hard- to reach areas like the undersides of leaves. This improves the efficacy of spray solutions, leading to better pest and disease control, and reduce the amount of dosage requirement, making agricultural chemicals and biologicals more cost-effective and environmentally friendly.

The spreader, spreading agent can be made mixing the components in any order to form a composition.

The spreader, spreading agent obtained above is a high-quality silicone-based adjuvant, and can be used in a wide variety of crops and is compatible with the majority of the agrochemicals and agrobiologicals. Application of this spreader is widely acceptable for biological & chemical predations used in agriculture practices.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an agrochemical composition comprising the spreader composition and agriculture chemical or agriculture biological, wherein the spreader composition includes a non-ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of Ethylene glycol, polyethylene and Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane like silwet 408 and silwet 77, methanol as a stabilizer , glycerine, water, and optionally potassium sorbate and antifoaming agent to enhance the uniform distribution , adhesion and penetration of the agriculture chemical or agriculture biological on plant surfaces, therby improving its effectiness. The agricultural chemical may include fertilizers, pesticides & insecticides, fungicides, weedicides & herbicides, micro-nutrients, plant growth regulators.

The preferred silicon spreader composition used the following PEG-200, PEG-300, PEG-400, polyglycerol, and ethylene glycol in various ratios and the composition is provided in tables below:

Table 3: Preferred Composition of the spreading agent of the present invention

S.N. Raw Material %
1 PEG-200/PEG-300/PEG-400/Polyglycerol/ Ethylene glycol 35-40%
2 Silwet 408 25-30%
3 Potassium Sorbate 2-4%
4 Methanol 15-20%
5 Glycerol 5-7%
6 Antifoam (struktol J673) 0.02-0.04%
7 Water (DM) 12-14%

Table 4: Preferred Composition of the spreading agent of the present invention

S.N. Specific Composition %
1 PEG200 35-40%
2 Silwet 408 30-35%
3 Potassium Sorbate 2-3%
4 Methanol 15-18%
5 Glycerol 5-7%
6 Antifoam (struktol J673) 0.02-0.04%
7 Water (DM) 13-15

The spreader composition is made by mixing proper with all ingredient in blending tank to obtain a clear and viscous liquid, see figure 1 and demonstrates high solubility in water and effectively reduces the surface tension to 21.5 @ 0.1 %, mN/m with a cloud point of Point (0.1wt%), 0C - <10. The specific gravity of 250 d C - 1.020. As a non-ionic agent, it carries no charge. Its density at 0.99 to 1.1 and flash point (closed cup) - > 100. When mixed with water, it maintains an aqueous pH of 7.5. The spreader's excellent spreading ability is evident in its spread diameter at 0.2% mm 34.

The improvement of surface tension, specific gravity and spread diameter of the spreading agent of the present invention was also studied with different agriculture active agents like fertilizers, weedicides, herbicides, insecticides, biopesticides, bio-insecticides etc. The same active was tested with only Silwet 408 and with the modified super spread agent (MSSA) (spreader composition) of the present invention and results compared:

Application of modified super spread agent (MSSA) of the present invention was also tested with various agricultural fertilizers with fix dosage (4ml/L. or Kg). Due to surface tension, water does not spread on soil surfaces that reduces the availability of fertilizer to plant. The data showed in table 5 shows the compatibility of MSSA with all common basal fertilizes that used in agriculture practices. MSSA helps in reducing the surface tension, and thus minimize the application of dosages.

Table 5: Parameters assessment of fertilizers when applied with MSSA of the present invention
Fertilizer
Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Cloud Point (0.1 wt%) Specific Gravity @ 250 C Viscosity @ 250C in Cstk Density Flash Point (closed cup) Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Ammonium Sulphate 19.7 9.4 0.987 29 0.99 105 29
Sodium Nitrate 20.7 10.4 0.889 23 0.998 106 30
Ammonium Nitrate 23.5 11.2 0.985 30 1.001 108 34
Urea 25.6 9.8 1.002 34 0.989 101 32
Super phosphate 21.4 9.9 0.987 28 0.895 111 23
Potassium chloride 25.5 10.9 0.999 18 0.890 101 26

Pesticides & Insecticides

Any pesticide or insecticide that is intended for use on agricultural substrates or targeted pests must be properly formulated into a preparation that is easily diluted with water to create ready-to-use combinations. Therefore, it would be beneficial to provide agricultural formulations with MSSA (modified super spreader agent) surfactants that, when applied to insect or plant surface, particularly those that are too difficult to control, provide improved knockdown rates, preferably of about 80% or more, along with application techniques. The MSSA (modified super spreader agent) provides a broad range to goods, particularly compositions, with the goal of meeting all farmer need. Thus, the challenge behind the current invention has been to create advanced agricultural composition additives that can also increase the rate at which pesticide and insecticide penetrate the plants and insect, to provide higher retention and better distribution of the droplets on the surface of the leaves and insect and therefore to achieve higher adjuvant performance at a lower dosage. The data showed in table 6 shows the compatibility of MSSA with different insecticides used in agriculture practices.

Table 6: Parameters assessment of insecticides when applied with MSSA of the present invention

Insecticides Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Cloud Point (0.1 wt%) Specific Gravity @ 250 C Viscosity @ 250C in Cstk Density Flash Point (closed cup) Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Imidacloprid 20.2 10.7 0.990 27 1.01 108 32
Thiamethoxam 20.5 8.9 1.001 32 0.98 102 34
Profenofos 19.7 9.4 0.987 29 0.99 105 29
Cypermethrin 21.8 9.9 0.998 34 1.01 106 32
Emamectin benzoate 20.5 10.9 1.012 30 1.00 108 33
Phorate 19.9 11.2 0.979 31 0.99 103 29

Fungicides
MSSA (modified super spreader agent) is designed to increase the effectiveness of agricultural fungicides by breaking down the waxy cuticle on the leaf surface and improve adhesion between the pesticide and the plant surface. Fungicides utility and efficacy significantly enhances by the addition of MSSA. MSSA imparts significant economic and environmental benefits because of reduced active ingredient requirements that deliver comparable or improved disease control without sacrificing yield or quality. MSSA protect from rainfastness to fungicide and improve disease management and reduced fungicide rates. The data showed in table 7 shows the compatibility of MSSA with fungicides used in agriculture practices.

Table 7: Parameters assessment of fungicides when applied with MSSA of the present invention

Fungicides Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Cloud Point (0.1 wt%) Specific Gravity @ 250 C Viscosity @ 250C in Cstk Density Flash Point (closed cup) Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Captan 50% WP 21.5 10 1.020 30 0.99 100 34
Chlorothalonil 75% WP 20.8 12 1.010 32 0.98 102 23
Copper Oxychloride 50% WP 20 11 1.000 33 1.00 100 25
Cymoxanil 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP 22.3 10.5 0.998 29 0.99 104 29
Mancozeb 35% SC 23 11 1.012 31 1.1 99 31
Metalaxyl 35%WS 21.2 12 1.001 35 0.98 103 28

Weedicides & Herbicides

MSSA (modified super spreader agent) of the present invention helps weedicide to penetrate deeper into the foliage of target plants, though their effects. MSSA increase weedicide uptake and reduce the application dosages. MSSA that cause droplet dispersal on a leaf surface in a spray composition will effectively reduce the mass of active per unit area without any additional concentration shift before the spray solution starts to fade away. There may be a "solution residue" where the active ingredient concentration is many times higher compared to the initial spray solution.
The data showed in table 8 shows the compatibility of MSSA with weedicides and herbicides used in agriculture practices.

Table 8: Parameters assessment of weedicides and herbicides when applied with MSSA of the present invention
Weedicides/Herbicides Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Cloud Point (0.1 wt%) Specific Gravity @ 250 C Viscosity @ 250C in Cstk Density Flash Point (closed cup) Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
2,4-D 19.5 10 1.001 28 0.90 103 28
Aminopyralid 21.5 8.5 1.000 25 0.98 104 30
Methsulfuron methyl 20.2 10.7 0.990 27 1.01 108 32
Glyphosate 18.9 10.4 1.010 30 0.99 101 35
Sulfometuron methyl 20..6 9.7 1.002 35 1.00 102 29

MSSA of the present invention may also be used with micronutrients for soil applications. MSSA adequately aids in the uniform distribution of micronutrients across the field that supports achieving the plant growth consistently and simultaneously, maximizing the effectiveness of micronutrients. MSSA increases the plant yield by 15–20% and increases product efficiency by 30%, resulting in a 25–30% overall reduction in manufacturing costs. The data showed in table 9 shows the compatibility of MSSA with micronutrients used in agriculture practices.

Table 9: Parameters assessment of micronutrients when applied with MSSA of the present invention
Micronutrient
Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Cloud Point (0.1 wt%) Specific Gravity @ 250 C Viscosity @ 250C in Cstk Density Flash Point (closed cup) Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Tata Surplus Micronutrients Fertilizer 21.6 11.1 0.999 20 1.001 105 27
BASF Librel TMX2 Multi Micronutrient Mixture
23.5
10.2
1.001
19
1.006
101
24
Multiplex Fruits (Multi Micronutrient Fertilizer)
19.8
9.8
1.108
23
1.015
110
29

Plant growth regulators

MSSA of the present invention provides enhanced spray deposition, reduces spray run-off loss and improves spray efficacy. MSSA assists spray absorption by modifying the spray droplet resulting in improved active ingredient penetration through the waxy leaf cuticle.
The data showed in table 10 shows the compatibility of MSSA with plant growth regulators used in agriculture practices.

Table 10: Parameters assessment of plant growth regulators when applied with MSSA of the present invention

Plant Growth Regulator
Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Cloud Point (0.1 wt%) Specific Gravity @ 250 C Viscosity @ 250C in Cstk Density Flash Point (closed cup) Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Caltika Amino acids, Vit B1, B2, B6 & Folic acid
25.7
11.2
0.985
23
1.001
108
24
Humicil Humic acid 6% 29.5 10.9 1.002 19 0.988 101 31
Godrej Agrovet 1000 ml Double Plant Growth Regulator 31.2 12.2 0.997 25 1.002 105 29

Biopesticides/Biofertilizer
The MSSA (modified super spreader agent) chemically contains active molecules with no electrical charge. Unlike molecules with surface properties due to a positive (cationic) or negative (anionic) charge, the nonionic surfactants property of MSSA do not make it react with other ions. As a result, they do not form insoluble salts, can be used in strong acidic solutions and tend to have low toxicity profiles.
The data showed in table 11 shows the compatibility of MSSA with biopesticicdes used in agriculture practices.

Table 11: Parameters assessment of biopesticides when applied with MSSA of the present invention
Biopesticide Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Cloud Point (0.1 wt%) Specific Gravity @ 250 C Viscosity @ 250C in Cstk Density Flash Point (closed cup) Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Biocatch (Verticillium lecanii) 22.5 11.2 0.985 30 1.001 108 34
Delfin (Bt var Kurstaki) 25.4 10.6 1.008 29 0.989 04 32
Bio cure- (T. viridae 1.5%) 23.4 11.0 0.986 32 1.002 101 23
Adhar (Azospirillum) 20.8 9.9 1.106 23 1.016 108 31
Azab Azotobacter 21.0 10.5 1.006 31 0.988 05 32
Comparative Experimental Data

Table 12: Preferred Composition of the spreading agent of the present invention including Urea compared with composition comprising Urea, and Urea+Silwet408

Fertilizer
Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Specific Gravity @ 250 C Density Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Urea (C) 68.6 1.002 0.989 18
Urea+Silwet408 23.7 0.889 0.998 30
Urea+ Modified super spreading agent (MSSA) of present invention 21.5 0.985 1.001 34

Table 13: Preferred Composition of the spreading agent of the present invention including Imidacloprid compared with composition comprising Imidacloprid, and Imidacloprid +Silwet408

Insecticides Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Specific Gravity @ 250 C Density Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Imidacloprid (C) 50.2 0.990 1.01 12
Imidacloprid+Silwet408 20.5 1.001 0.98 29
Imidacloprid +MSSA spreading agent of present invention 19.7 0.987 0.99 32

Table 14: Preferred Composition of the spreading agent of the present invention including Metalaxyl compared with composition comprising Captan, and Captan +Silwet408

Fungicide Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Specific Gravity @ 250 C Density Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Captan 50% WP (C) 53.5 1.020 0.99 7
Captan 50% WP+Silwet 408 20.8 1.010 0.98 29
Captan 50% WP+MSSA spreading agent of present invention 19.2 1.001 0.98 31

Table 15: Preferred Composition of the spreading agent of the present invention including 2,4-D compared with composition comprising 2,4-D and 2,4-D +Silwet408

Weedicide/Herbicide Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Specific Gravity @ 250 C Density Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
2,4-D (C) 49.5 1.001 0.90 14
2,4-D+Silwet 408 21.5 1.000 0.98 30
2,4-D+MSSA spreading agent of present invention 20.2 0.990 1.01 32

Table 16: Preferred composition of the spreading agent of the present invention including Caltika (Amino acids, Vit B1, B2, B6 & Folic acid) compared with composition comprising Caltika (Amino acids, Vit B1, B2, B6 & Folic acid) and Caltika (Amino acids, Vit B1, B2, B6 & Folic acid) +Silwet408

Plant Growth Regulator
Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Specific Gravity @ 250 C Density Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Caltika (Amino acids, Vit B1, B2, B6 & Folic acid) (C) 65.7 0.985 1.001 14
Caltika +Silwet408 29.5 1.002 0.988 29
Caltika +MSSA spreading agent of present invention 21.2 0.997 1.002 31

Micro-Nutrients

Table 17: Preferred Composition of the spreading agent of the present invention including Tata Surplus Micronutrients Fertilizer compared with composition comprising Tata Surplus Micronutrients Fertilizer and Tata Surplus Micronutrients Fertilizer +Silwet408

Micronutrient
Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Specific Gravity @ 250 C Density Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Tata Surplus Micronutrients Fertilizer 57.6 0.999 1.001 11
Tata Surplus Micronutrients Fertilizer+Silwet408 23.5 1.001 1.006 24
Tata Surplus Micronutrients Fertilizer + MSSA spreading agent of present invention 19.8 1.108 1.015 31

Table 18: Preferred Composition of the spreading agent of the present invention including Delfin (Bt var Kurstaki) compared with composition comprising Delfin (Bt var Kurstaki) and Delfin (Bt var Kurstaki) +Silwet408

Biopesticide Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Specific Gravity @ 250 C Density Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
Delfin (Bt var Kurstaki) (C) 25.4 1.008 0.989 19
Delfin (Bt var Kurstaki) +Silwet408 23.4 0.986 1.002 23
Delfin (Bt var Kurstaki) + MSSA spreading agent of present invention 20.8 1.106 1.016 31

Spreader composition Analysis

An analysis of MSSA or super spreader composition carried out with silwet 408 and super spreader composition without other ingredients such as methanol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol shows the maximum spread diameter is achieved with super spreader composition as shown in table 19. Methanol reduced the surface tension by about 66% and induces the hydrophilic behavior of non-ionic surfactants. Methanol lowers the surface tension of water by decreasing the surface excess concentration, which increases the minimum surface area and lowers the surface pressure. Addition of methanol in super spreader composition, at the time of field application decreases the surface tension and penetrability that help to improve the field performance. The data presented in table 19, shows that the super spreader composition comprising methanol causes a significant decrease in surface tension. Removing the methanol from the composition shows the effective decrease in surface tension.
Table 19: Characteristic feature of various composition with silwet 408, super spreader composition (SS), super spreader composition (SS) without alcohol and super spreader composition (SS) without methanol, glycerol and PEG

Product Description/
composition Surface tension (0.1 % solution) in mN/m Cloud Point (0.1 wt%) Specific Gravity @ 250 C Viscosity @ 250C in Cstk Density Flash Point (closed cup) Spread Diameter (0.2% solution) in mm
SL-408 20.2 10.6 0.991 27 1.01 108 32.0
SSF 21.2 9.8 1.001 31 0.99 106 33.5
SSF-WM 25.6 9.3 0.985 28 0.98 100 24.0
SSF-WMP 25.3 9.7 0.995 42 0.97 101 23.5
SSF-WMG 26.7 8.9 0.996 34 0.97 99 22.6
SSF-WMGP 29.8 8.8 0.998 33 1.02 98 22.2
SL-408 (Silwet 408);
SS (Super Spreader Composition);
SS-WM (Super Spreader Composition -without Methanol);
SS-WG (Super Spreader Composition -Glycerol);
SS-WP (Super Spreader Composition - Polyethylene glycol);
SS-WMP (Super Spreader Composition -without Methanol and polyethylene glycol);
SS-WMG (Super Spreader Composition -without Methanol and Glycerol);
SS-WMGP (Super Spreader Composition- without Methanol, Glycerol and polyethylene glycol)

The present invention is also directed to a method of spreading an agricultural chemical or agriculture biological, the method comprising adding the composition to an agricultural chemical or or agriculture biological and bringing the agricultural chemical or or agriculture biological into contact with a plant, or pest or insect or disease causing organism including microorganism.

In the preferred embodiment the present invention further offers benefits over prior formulation: -
? Provides uniform and quick spreading of agrochemicals and agrobiologicals within a few seconds of spray
? Ensures spray is effective even if it rains after some time
? Enhances the systemic and translaminar action of agrochemicals and agrobiologicals
? Results in better deposition of agrochemicals and agrobiologicals which prevents run-off losses
? Suitable to be applied with a broad range of agrochemicals and agrobiologicals
,CLAIMS:We claim:

1. An spreader comprising:
a. a non-ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of Ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polyglycerol;
b. Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane;
c. Methanol; and
d. Water.

2. The spreader as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
a. a non-ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of Ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polyglycerol in an amount of 35 to 40 % by weight;
b. Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane in an amount of 25 to 30% by weight;
c. Optionally Potassium Sorbate in an amount of 2 to 4 % by weight;
d. Methanol in an amount of 15 to 20 % by weight.
e. Glycerine or glycerol in an amount of 5 to 7 % by weight;
f. Optionally any antifoaming agent in an amount of 0.02 % to 0.04%; and
g. Water in an amount of 12 to 14 %.

3. The spreader as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the non-ionic surfactant is preferably PEG-200, PEG-300, or PEG-400.

4. The spreader as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the non-ionic surfactant is present in an amount of 30%.

5. The spreader as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane is present in an amount of 30%.

6. The spreader as claimed in claim 2, wherein Potassium Sorbate is present in an amount of 2%.

7. The spreader as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein Methanol is present in an amount of 15%.

8. The spreader as claimed in claim 2, wherein glycerin or glycerol is present in an amount of 0.5%.

9. The spreader as claimed in claim 2, wherein antifoaming agent is present in an amount of 0.002%.

10. An agrochemical composition comprising the spreader as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 and agriculture chemical or agriculture biological.

11. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 10, wherein the percentage of spreader in the agrochemical composition is 0.02% v/v.

12. A method of spreading an agricultural chemical or agricultural biological substance, the method comprising adding the spreader as claimed in claims 1 to 9 to an agricultural chemical or or agriculture biological and bringing the agricultural chemical or or agriculture biological into contact with a plant, or pest or insect or disease-causing organism including microorganism.

13. The agricultural composition as claimed in claim 10 or the method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the agricultural chemical is a chemical insecticides, chemical fungicides, chemical pesticide, Chemical fertilizer, chemical plant-growth hormones or chemical herbicides and the agriculture biological is a bio-insecticides, bio-fungicides, bio- pesticide, bio-fertilizer.