FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
THE PATENT RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION
"ON BOARD AUTOMATIC DIAGNOSTICS SYSTEM AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF"
2. APPLICANT
VE COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LTD., an Indian National having its place of business at 102, INDUSTRIAL AREA NO.1, PITHAMPUR-454775, DIST. DHAR MADHYA PRADESH,. INDIA

TECHNICAL FIELD
[001] The present subject matter relates to an on board automatic diagnostic system and method of manufacturing thereof. The present subject matter identify and display the faulty component(s)/features by means of measuring electrical parameters i.e. voltage values, waveforms of sensors, digital data of vehicle parameters without the assistance or intervention of a tool or a technician in the automobile industry.
BACKGROUND
[002] The various components of the motor vehicle(s) such as electronic control units (ECUs), sensors, electronic actuators and the like are monitor, regulate and perform by computer system. The sensor components are used to measure fuel pressure, exhaust gas recirculation flow, differential pressure of the catalytic convertor, NOx emissions etc.
[003] In conventional system, a multimeter is used on a breakout box for diagnosing electrical and electronic faults in the automobile, preferably motor vehicle by means of measuring the electrical parameters between the electronic control unit (ECU) and the sensors. Further a technician is required to use the multimeter in conjunction with information on the electric circuit, the reference values of electrical parameters and step by step processes, which may or may not be readily available. Hence diagnostics of the vehicles depends on the skill and knowledge of the technician. Hence an on board diagnostics systems, methods and tools are required to diagnose and isolate the fault in the motor vehicle without the intervention of skilled manpower.
[004] A number of health-monitoring and fault-diagnostic (HMFD) systems and methods have been developed for industrial, automotive and aerospace applications. The existing systems typically implement fault detection to indicate that something is happened wrong in the monitored system. The fault isolation to determine the exact location of the fault, i.e. the component which is faulty, and fault identification to determine the magnitude of the fault are often referred to as

fault diagnosis. Many existing systems implement only the fault detection and isolation stages by means of diagnostic codes and failure sub types. Further determination of the exact fault requires the use of measurement tools and the expertise of a technician.
[005] Another system i.e. on board diagnostics II (Bharat Stage IV) is a central motor vehicle rules (CMVR) regulation, which is designed to detect electrical, chemical, and mechanical failures or faults of a vehicle emission control system, that might affect vehicle emission performance. There are various software modules, which are used to detect failures or faults of the sensor(s) and component(s), which result into increase of emission levels. E.g. NOx conversion efficiency monitor is one of the software modules in the electronic control unit (ECU), which detects the NOx conversion efficiency of the catalytic convertor. However this system also depend upon the skilled and knowledge of the technician.
[006] Hence the existing diagnostics of the vehicles depends on the skill and knowledge of the technician predominantly. Therefore, there is an unmet need of on board automatic diagnostics system for electro-mechanical faults, preferably in vehicles, without the assistance or intervention of a tool or a technician.
SUMMARY OFTHE SUBJECT MATTER
[007] The existing diagnostics system and method for vehicle to identify and display the faulty is not automatic. It required skilled technician and tool to identify, detect, measure and rectify the fault in the motor vehicles. The present subject matter identify and display the faulty component by means of measuring electrical parameters i.e. voltage values, waveforms of sensors, digital data of vehicle parameters automatically, without the assistance or intervention of a tool and/or a technician.
[008] In one embodiment, the present subject solve the aforementioned and other problems by providing an on board automatic diagnostics system and method of manufacturing thereof for a motor vehicle. The present subject matter identify and display the faulty component by means of measuring electrical parameters i.e.

voltage values, waveforms of sensors, digital data of vehicle parameters automatically, without the assistance or intervention of a tool and/or a technician.
[009] In one embodiment, the present subject matter discloses an on board automatic diagnostics system for electro-mechanical faults of the vehicle, which identify and measure fault(s) in the motor vehicle without the intervention of technician and external tools. The present system has developed a system for analysis of voltage values, waveforms of sensors, digital data of vehicle parameters and a method of manufacturing thereof.
[0010] In one embodiment, the present subject matter discloses an on-
board diagnostic system for identification and display of electro-mechanical faults for automobile comprising a microcontroller, a micro secure digital port, a wireless transmitter, a wireless receiver, a converter to convert electrical signal from analog to digital, joint test action group (JTAG) header, and universal serial bus-on to go (USB OTG).
[0011] In another embodiment, the present subject matter relates to an
on-board automatic diagnostics system for electro-mechanical faults of the vehicle comprises a microcontroller, micro secure digital port (SD port), wireless transmitter, wireless receiver, converter(s) to convert electronic single from analog to digital, joint test action group (JTAG) header and universal serial bus-on to go (OTG). Here the converter is also known as a multiplexer.
[0012] In one embodiment, the present subject matter discloses an on-
board diagnostic system. The on-board diagnostic system comprising a microcontroller, plurality of switching integrated circuits called as multiplexer or converter, a wireless transmitter module, mobile software application, convertor act as an analog to digital signal convertor. Here the microcontroller is the crucial and most important part of the on-board diagnostic system. It is the electronic component comprising software for controlling the input and output elements of the system, namely wireless transmitter module and multiplexer. The microcontroller controls the multiplexer for measuring the electrical signals. It also has the stored database of the reference values of the reference values of the electronic control unit (ECU) pins. Further, the on-board diagnostic system includes a plurality of switching

integrated circuits, the multiplexer integrated circuits, which are broadly digitally controlled analog switches that utilize silicon-gate complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology to measure voltage at ECU (Electronic Control Unit) pins simultaneously. There are four switching circuit multiplexer integrated circuits, thereby 64 pins can be measured simultaneously. The microcontroller sends command to the integrated circuit for measuring the voltage, current and reads back the actual measured value. Moreover, the on-board diagnostic system having analog to digital signal convertor is being mounted therein. This circuit is used to convert the analog voltage signal to the digital voltage signal, which is being sent wirelessly to the mobile application. Furthermore, the on-board diagnostic system connects to a software application in android mobile by means of wireless transmission. This application is used by the end user to send request to the tool. It consists of buttons, whose output is sent to the microcontroller. Then microcontroller performs the operation as per the key input. The on-board diagnostic system is having a control unit and a storage memory. Further, the on-board system has provision to receive, manipulate and send electric signal by means of input and has an LED display, which indicates to the end user that the hardware is switched on and transmitting the signal to the mobile application.
[0013] In another embodiment, the present subject matter discloses a
method of manufacturing on-board automatic diagnostic system for identification and display of electro-mechanical faults for automobile comprising steps a microcontroller for controlling the input and output functions of the tool namely keypad, LCD display and also controlling the multiplexer for measuring the electrical signals. It also has the stored database of the reference values of the ECU pins; a micro secure digital (SD) port to digitally controlled analog switches that utilize silicon-gate CMOS technology to measure voltage at ECU pins simultaneously; a wireless transmitter to transmit electrical signal to wireless receiver; a wireless receiver to receive electrical signal transmitted by wireless transmitter; a converter to convert electrical signal from analog to digital; joint test action group (JTAG) header for debugging hardware and software tools of the system; and universal

serial bus-on to go (USB OTG) for charging the battery of the tool and also upgrade the software.
[0014] To illustrate further the microcontroller acts the brain of the tool. It
is the electronic component which has the software for controlling the input and output functions of the tool namely keypad, LCD display. It controls the multiplexer for measuring the electrical signals. It also has the stored database of the reference values of the ECU pins. Switching circuit Multiplexer IC are digitally controlled analog switches that utilize silicon-gate CMOS technology to measure voltage at ECU pins simultaneously. There are 4 Switching circuit Multiplexer ICs and hence 64. pins can be simultaneously measured. The microcontroller sends command to the IC for measuring the voltage, current and reads back the actual measured value. Wireless transmitter used to send information from the tool to the mobile phone. The information is the voltage and current values measured at the ECU pins by the tool. It converts the information into Bluetooth protocol format and sent it to the mobile phone. The wireless receiver used to send information from the mobile phone to the tool. The information is the ECU pins in which voltage and current values needs to be measured by the tool. It receives the Bluetooth format information from the mobile phone and convert into data that can be used by the tool. THE USB OTG is used to charge the battery of the tool and also upgrade the software. The JTAG is used for software and hardware debugging of the tool. This is only for internal purpose for developers.
[0015] In another embodiment, the present subject matter disclose a
working principle of the present system by following steps: connect the on-board diagnostic system to the vehicle sensor by means of breakout harness. As soon as connection complete, user start the engine and the mobile application. The mobile application send request to the hardware of the on board diagnostic system. The hardware measures data using multiplexer circuit sends to the mobile application. The hardware converts the analog data into digital data and sends data to the mobile application. The mobile application analyses the data and identifies the faulty components

[ooi6] The present subject matter disclose an operation of the present
system; wherein the system is connected to engine sensor such as engine speed sensor, engine position sensor unit etc. The system taps the electric signals between the ECU (Electronic Control Unit) and the sensor unit. The control unit of sensor is connected to switching integrated circuits. The integrated circuits measure the signal values and send it to the microcontroller. The microcontroller converts the received analog value to digital value by means of analog to digital convertor. The wireless transmitter transmits the digital data wirelessly to the mobile phone. The various applications of mobile collects the data, records the data with respect to time and shows it in graphical user interface. The graphical user interface generate an algorithm in the wave form mode to analysis the data. Finally the mobile application stores the actual recorded data in excel form. The mobile application has a pattern matching algorithm, which compared the sample data collected from the vehicle in real time with the preconfigured reference graph data and identifies the root cause for the error.
[0017] In one embodiment, the present subject matter eliminates the
need of skills of a technician in identifying the on board diagnostics mechanical fault in the vehicles. In the process, the technician uses intelligent diagnostic analyzer, which automatically measures the voltage and continuity of the ECU (Electronic Control Unit), sensor and wiring harness. The technician uses data analytics system, which records the parameters of NOx outflow, engine speed, pump rate etc. and then compares the parameters with respect to the reference values. The technician uses wireless oscilloscope, which records the analog wave-form and then compares the waveform with respect to the reference values. All these data are uploaded to a server system, which analyses the voltage values, waveforms of sensors, digital data of vehicle parameters, diagnostic history and pinpoints the faulty component.
[0018] In another embodiment, this present system enable & empower a
normal technician to diagnose complex electronic systems by means of automated measurement, evaluation and decision making process of on-board diagnostics system.

[ooig] In another embodiment, this system increases the productivity of
the technician through right diagnosis and reduce repair costs by lowering overall repairtime.
[0020] In another embodiment, the present subject matter diagnose
various types of data such as voltages, resistances, physical parameters, waveforms of the sensors and upload on the system. The system, then identifies the faulty component using various reasoning algorithms via comparing all the data types.
[0021] In one aspect of the present disclosure, it is an on-board diagnostics
mechanical faults system and it is a web based analytics system, in which reference data is compared with actual data and the faulty component is identified. The system match an automated pattern of the measurement data with respect to the reference data concentration to identify the fault.
[0022] It is to be understood that other embodiments of the present
disclosure will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, wherein it is shown and described only various embodiments of the disclosure by way of illustration. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] Aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated by way of example,
and not by way of limitation, in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0024] FIG. 1 is an illustration of components of an onboard automatic
diagnostic system in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustration of working principle of the on
board automatic diagnostic system in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The present disclosure relates generally to an on-board automated
diagnostic system and method for manufacturing thereof. The system or device of present subject matter diagnostics the vehicle and do evaluation of various components of the motor vehicle by a service technician. The present subject matter identify and display the faulty component by means of comparing various data including a) actual engine/vehicle parameters related to the particular component automatically with reference values, b) electrical voltages and resistance of sensors and ECUs (Electronic Control Unit) c) voltage waveforms of sensors without the assistance or intervention of a tool and/or a technician.
[0027] Referring to FIG. 1 illustrated an on-board automated diagnostic
system 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. The system comprising a microcontroller io, plurality of switching integrated circuits 20 (hereinafter referred as "multiplexer"), a wireless transmitter module 30, mobile software application 40, analog to digital signal convertor 50. The microcontroller 10 is the most important and crucial component or part of the system 100. It is the electronic component, which has the software for controlling the input and output functions of the system 100 namely wireless transmitter module 30 and multiplexer 40. The microcontroller 10 controls the multiplexer 40 for measuring the electrical signals. It also has the stored database of the reference values of the ECU pins. Further, the system 100 includes a plurality of switching integrated circuits 20, the multiplexer integrated circuit (IC) 20 are digitally controlled analog switches, that utilize silicon-gate complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS ) technology to measure voltage at ECU pins simultaneously. There are four switching circuit multiplexer ICs, thereby 64 pins can be simultaneously measured. The microcontroller sends command to the ICs for measuring the voltage, current and reads the actual measured value later on. Moreover, the system 100 includes analog to digital signal convertor 50 mounted therein. This circuit is used to convert the analog voltage signal to the digital signal which can be sent wirelessly to the mobile application. Furthermore, the system 100 connects to a software application in android mobile 40 by means of wireless transmission. This is used by the end user to send request to the tool. It consists of buttons whose output is sent to the

microcontroller 10. The microcontroller 10 then performs the operation as per the key input.
The system 100 is having a control unit and a storage memory. Further, the system 100 has provision to receive, manipulate and send electric signal by means of input and has an LED display 6o, which indicates to the end user that the hardware is switched on and transmitting the signal to the mobile application.
[0028] FIG. 2 illustrated the working principle of the on-board diagnostic
system as illustrated in FIG. 1. The working principle discloses by following steps: connect the on-board diagnostic system to the vehicle sensor by means of breakout harness. As soon as connection complete, user start the engine and the mobile application. The mobile application send request to the hardware of the on-board diagnostic system. The hardware measures data using multiplexer circuit sends to the mobile application. The hardware converts the analog data into digital data and sends data to the mobile application. The mobile application analyses the data and identifies the faulty components.
[001] In another embodiment, the operation of the system is illustrated, wherein the system is connected to vehicle sensor such as engine speed sensor, engine position sensor, vehicle speed sensor etc. The system taps the electric signals between the ECU and the sensor unit. The control unit of sensor is connected to switching integrated circuits. The integrated circuits measure the signal values and send it to the microcontroller. The microcontroller converts the analog value received to digital value by means of analog to digital convertor. The wireless transmitter transmits the digital data wirelessly to the mobile phone. The various applications of mobile collects the data, records the data with respect to time and shows it in graphical user interface. The graphical user interface generate an algorithm in the wave form mode to analysis the data. Finally the mobile application stores the actual recorded data in excel form. The mobile application has a pattern matching algorithm which compares the sample data collected from the vehicle in real time with the preconfigured reference graph data and identifies the root cause for the error.

[oo2] It would become abundantly clear to a person in the art, after reading this specification that the present subject matter also provides an on board automatic diagnostics system and method of manufacturing thereof. More specifically, the present subject matter identify and display the faulty component by means of measuring electrical parameters i.e. voltage values, waveforms of sensors, digital data of vehicle parameters automatically, without the assistance or intervention of a tool or a technician and without departing from the spirit of the present subject matter. While the subject matter may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and have been described herein. Alternate embodiments or modifications may be practiced without departing from the spirit of the present subject matter. The drawings shown are schematic drawings and may not be to the scale. While the drawings show some features of the subject matter, some features may be omitted. Alternatively, in some other cases some features may be emphasized while others are not. Further, the methods disclosed herein may be performed in manner and/or order in which the methods are explained. Alternatively, the methods may be performed in manner or order different than what is explained without departing from the spirit of the present subject matter. It should be understood that the subject matter is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed. Rather, the subject matter is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the subject matter.

What is claimed is:
i. An on-board automatic diagnostic system for identification and display of electro-mechanical faults for automobile comprising:
(a) a microcontroller;
(b) a micro secure digital (SD) port;
(c) a wireless transmitter;
(d) a wireless receiver;
(e) a converter to convert electrical signal from analog to digital;
(f) joint test action group (JTAG) header; and
(g) universal serial bus-on to go (USB OTG)

2. The microcontroller as claimed in claim 1, wherein microcontroller control the input and output elements of the on-board automatic diagnostic system.
3. The micro secure digital (SD) port as claimed in claim 1, wherein micro secure digital (SD) port is a plurality of switching integrated circuits to measure the voltage at electronic control units (ECUs)pin.
4. The wireless transmitter as claimed in claim 1, wherein wireless transmitter transmit the electrical signals to wireless receiver.
5. The wireless receiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein wireless receiver receive the signal from wireless transmitter.
6. The converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein converter convert the analog electrical signal into digital electrical signal.
7. The on-board automatic diagnostic system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the on-board automatic diagnostic system further comprising storage memory to store recorded data and display unit to display stored data.
8. A method of manufacturing on-board automatic diagnostic system for identification and display of electro-mechanical faults for automobile as claimed in claim 1, comprising steps of:
(a) a microcontroller for controlling the input and output functions of the tool namely keypad, LCD display and also controlling the multiplexer

for measuring the electrical signals. It also has the stored database of the reference values of the ECU pins;
(b) a micro secure digital (SD) port to digitally controlled analog switches that utilize silicon-gate CMOS technology to measure voltage at ECU pins simultaneously;
(c) a wireless transmitter to transmit electrical signal to wireless receiver;
(d) a wireless receiver to receive electrical signal transmitted by wireless transmitter;
(e) a converter to convert electrical signal from analog to digital;
(f) joint test action group (JTAG) header for debugging hardware and software tools of the system; and
(g) universal serial bus-on to go (USB OTG) for charging the battery of the tool and also upgrade the software.