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Optical Fibre With Super Gaussian Profile Technical Field

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fibre (100). The optical fibre (100) includes a glass core region (102). The glass core region (102) has a core relative refractive index profile. The core relative refractive index profile is a super Gaussian profile. In addition, the optical fibre (100) includes a glass cladding region (108) over the glass core region (102). The optical fibre (100) has at least one of a mode field diameter in a range of 8.7 micrometers to 9.7 micrometers at wavelength of 1310 nanometers and an attenuation up to 0.18 dB/km. The optical fibre (100) has at least one of macro-bend loss up to 0.5 decibel per turn corresponding to wavelength of 1550 nanometer at bending radius of 7.5 millimeter. The optical fibre (100) has a macro-bend loss up to 1.0 decibel per turn corresponding to wavelength of 1625 nanometer at bending radius of 7.5 millimeter.

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Patent Information

Application #
Filing Date
04 February 2020
Publication Number
35/2021
Publication Type
INA
Invention Field
PHYSICS
Status
Email
patent@ipmetrix.com
Parent Application
Patent Number
Legal Status
Grant Date
2024-02-10
Renewal Date

Applicants

STERLITE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
Sterlite Technologies Limited IFFCO Tower, 3rd Floor Plot No. 3, Sector 29 Gurgaon Haryana India

Inventors

1. Srinivas Munige
Sterlite Technologies Limited IFFCO Tower, 3rd Floor Plot No. 3, Sector 29 Gurgaon Haryana India 122002
2. Apeksha Malviya
Sterlite Technologies Limited IFFCO Tower, 3rd Floor Plot No. 3, Sector 29 Gurgaon Haryana India 122002
3. Anand Pandey
Sterlite Technologies Limited IFFCO Tower, 3rd Floor Plot No. 3, Sector 29 Gurgaon Haryana India 122002

Specification

The present disclosure relates to the field of optical fibre transmission. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a bend insensitive optical fibre with large mode field diameter. The present application is based on, and claims priority from an Indian Application Number 202011004899 filed on 04th Feb 2020 the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein. BACKGROUND With the advancement of science and technology, various modern technologies are being employed for communication purposes. One of the most important modern communication technologies is optical fibre communication technology using a variety of optical fibres. Optical fibre is used to transmit information as light pulses from one end to another. One such type of optical fibre is a single mode optical fibre. The single mode optical fibre is used in FTTx and long haul communication. The telecommunication industry is continuously striving for designs to achieve high data rate capacity and low losses. The ongoing research suggests that the single mode optical fibre of G657 and G652D category are used for FTTx and long-haul applications respectively. The single mode optical fibre of G652D and G657 categories faces major challenges in FTTx and long haul communication respectively. G652D fibres faces major challenges in FTTx application due to high macro bend losses and G657 category fibres face major challenges in long haul applications due to high nonlinear effects as a result of low MFD. Also, low MFD in G657A2 in long haul communication results in a power penalty more than 1.5 decibel as compare to G652D. The significantly matured G652.D category fibres have already taken millions of kms in current FTTX infrastructure. The one advantage that G652D category fibres have, is its ultra-splicing capabilities but average macro-bending characteristics. To address the need to enhance the macro-bending, the G657A2 and G657A1 optical fibres have been developed and evolved. The replacement of G652.D fibres with G657.A2 or G657.A1 can be a solution. However, G657.A2 or G657 A1 has their own issues when it comes to splicing capabilities. There is always a need to develop an optical fibre that exhibits the property of both G657A2 and G657D so as to achieve flexible splicing capability as well as good macro bend performance i.e. easy splicing of G.657.A2/A1 with G.652.D. It is usually noticed that there is a persisting problem of using G.657.A2 fibres, because of OTDR artifacts that occur when splicing them to standard single mode fibres i.e. G.652D. There always seems to be a need to develop an optical fibre which would have an optimize design with good macro-bend characteristics, as well as is also compliant to current network installed G.652.D. For example, G657A2 has a mode field diameter is the range as same as mode field diameter as that of G.652.D. In light of the above stated discussion, there is a need for a single mode optical fibre that overcomes the above sited drawbacks to use for FTTx as well as long haul and access networks. OBJECT OF THE DISCLOSURE A primary object of the present disclosure is to provide a bend insensitive optical fibre. SUMMARY In an aspect, the present disclosure provides an optical fibre. The optical fibre includes a glass core region and a glass cladding region. The glass core region has a core relative refractive index profile. The core relative refractive index profile is a super Gaussian profile. In addition, the glass cladding region is positioned over the glass core region. The optical fibre has at least one of a mode field diameter in a range of 8.7 micrometers to 9.7 micrometers at wavelength of 1310 nanometers and an attenuation up to 0.18 dB/km. The optical fibre has at least one of macro-bend loss up to 0.5 decibel per turn corresponding to wavelength of 1550 nanometer at bending radius of 7.5 millimeter. The optical fibre has a macro-bend loss up to 1.0 decibel per turn corresponding to wavelength of 1625 nanometer at bending radius of 7.5 millimeter. The optical fibre may have at least one of a zero dispersion wavelength in a range of 1300 nanometer to 1324 nanometer and a cable cut off wavelength of up to 1260 nanometer. The optical fibre may include a buffer region before the glass cladding region. The optical fibre may include the buffer region between the glass core region and the glass cladding region. The buffer region may have one or more of a thickness of 3 micrometers to 4 micrometers and a buffer relative refractive index ?2 in range of -0.01 to 0.01. The glass core region may have at least one of a core rescale factor (a) in a range of 4 micrometers to 4.5 micrometers, a core gamma ? between 6 to 9, a core relative refractive index ?1 in range of 0.30 to 0.37 and a core thickness in range of 9 micrometers to 14 micrometers. The optical fibre may include a trench region. The trench region may have at least one of a trench relative refractive index ?3 in range of about -0.33 to -0.24, trench thickness in range of 6 micrometers to 9 micrometers and a trench curve parameter a in a range of 4 to 8. The glass cladding region may have a clad relative refractive index ?4 in range of -0.01 to 0.01 and a clad thickness in range of 35.5 to 44.5. The optical fibre may splice with standard single mode fibre such that the optical fibre is compatible with a G652.D category installed optical fibres and G657.A1 category optical fibre. STATEMENT OF THE DISCLOSURE In an aspect, the present disclosure provides an optical fibre. The optical fibre includes a glass core region and a glass cladding region. The glass core region has a core relative refractive index profile. The core relative refractive index profile is a super Gaussian profile. In addition, the glass cladding region is positioned over the glass core region. The optical fibre has at least one of a mode field diameter in a range of 8.7 micrometers to 9.7 micrometers at wavelength of 1310 nanometers and an attenuation up to 0.18 dB/km. The optical fibre has at least one of macro-bend loss up to 0.5 decibel per turn corresponding to wavelength of 1550 nanometer at bending radius of 7.5 millimeter. The optical fibre has a macro-bend loss up to 1.0 decibel per turn corresponding to wavelength of 1625 nanometer at bending radius of 7.5 millimeter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES Having thus described the disclosure in general terms, reference will now be made to the accompanying figures, wherein: FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an optical fibre; FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the optical fibre of FIG. 1 with a buffer region; and FIG. 3 illustrates a refractive index profile of the optical fibre. It should be noted that the accompanying figures are intended to present illustrations of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. These figures are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should also be noted that accompanying figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Reference will now be made in detail to selected embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with accompanying figures. The embodiments described herein are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, and the present disclosure should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described. This disclosure may be embodied in different forms without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. It should be understood that the accompanying figures are intended and provided to illustrate embodiments of the disclosure described below and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings, like numbers refer to like elements throughout, and thicknesses and dimensions of some components may be exaggerated for providing better clarity and ease of understanding. It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like, herein do not denote any order, ranking, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Further, the terms "a" and "an" herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item. FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an optical fibre 100. FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the optical fibre of FIG. 1 with a buffer region. In general, optical fibre is a thin strand of glass or plastic capable of transmitting optical signals. The optical fibre 100 is configured to transmit information over long distances with relatively low attenuation and low bending loss. In addition, the optical fibre 100 has high data transmission rate. Further, the optical fibre 100 is utilized for spatial division multiplexing applications. In general, spatial division multiplexing is a method to access channels by creating parallel spatial channel next to higher capacity channel. The optical fibre 100 includes a glass core region 102 and a glass cladding region 108. The optical fibre 100 may include a buffer region 104 and a trench region 106. In general, core is an inner part of an optical fibre and cladding is an outer part of the optical fibre. The glass core region 102 is defined along a central longitudinal axis 110 of the optical fibre 100. The central longitudinal axis 110 is an imaginary axis passing through center of the optical fibre 100. Further, the glass core region 102, the buffer region 104, the trench region 106 and the glass cladding region 106 of the optical fibre 100 are associated with a refractive index profile. In general, the refractive index profile is maintained as per required level based on concentration of chemicals used for manufacturing of an optical fibre. In addition, the chemicals used for manufacturing of the optical fibre include one or more materials and one or more dopants. Further, the one or more materials such as, but not limited to, silica, fluorozirconate, fluoroaluminate, chalcogenide, crystalline materials and the one or more dopants such as, but not limited to, germanium dioxide (GeO2), aluminium oxide (Al2O3), fluorine or boron trioxide (B2O3) are deposited over surface of initial material with facilitation of flame hydrolysis. Furthermore, the initial material is a substrate rod or a tube. The refractive index profile determines relationship between a refractive index of the optical fibre 100 and a radius of the optical fibre 100. In addition, the radius of the optical fibre 100 corresponds to a first radius r1, a second radius r2, a third radius r3 and a fourth radius r4. In addition, manufacturing of the optical fibre 100 is carried out after manufacturing of a preform. Further, the refractive index profile of the optical fibre 100 is determined during manufacturing of the preform of the optical fibre 100. The optical fibre 100 includes a plurality of regions. In addition, each of the plurality of regions is defined by a corresponding relative refractive index, and a corresponding radius. In general, relative refractive index is defined as the measure of relative difference in refractive index between the two regions. The relative refractive index of each of the plurality of regions is different. The radius of each of the plurality of regions is different. In addition, the relative refractive index profile of the glass core region 102 of the optical fibre 100 changes from the center of the optical fibre 100 to the radius of the glass core region 102. Further, the relative refractive index of each of the plurality of regions has a pre-defined value. Furthermore, the radius of each of the plurality of regions has a pre-defined value. Moreover, the pre-defined values of the relative refractive index are set to obtain low bending loss, and low attenuation. The relative refractive index of each of the plurality of regions is fixed over a cross-sectional area of each region. In addition, the glass core region 102, the buffer region 104, the trench region 106, and the glass cladding region 108 are concentrically arranged. Further, the buffer region 104 surrounds the glass core region 102. Moreover, the trench region 106 surrounds the buffer region 104. Also, the glass core region 102, the buffer region 104, the trench region 106, and the glass cladding region 108 is associated with corresponding relative refractive index, and radius. The glass core region 102 of the optical fibre 100 has a core relative refractive index ?1. In addition, the glass core region 102 has maximum refractive index nmax. Further, the glass core region 102 is characterized by a core rescale factor (a) and a ? (gamma). Furthermore, the glass core region 102 of the optical fibre 100 has the first radius r1. The first radius r1 is in range of about 9 micrometers to 14 micrometers. Range of the first radius r1 of the glass core region 102 may vary. The glass core region 102 may have the core relative refractive index ?1 in range of about 0.30 to 0.37. Range of the core relative refractive index ?1 may vary. The core rescale factor (a) may be in a range of about 4 micrometers to 4.5 micrometers. In addition, range of the core rescale factor (a) may vary. The ? (gamma) may be in a range of about 6 to 9. Range of the ? (gamma) may vary. The glass core region 102 may have a core thickness in range of 9 micrometers to 14 micrometers. The core thickness of the glass core region 102 may vary. The expression used for calculating the relative refractive index is produced below: ?i=((n_i^2-n_clad^2)/(2×n_i^2 )) where, nclad: refractive index of the pure silica; ni: refractive index of the ith layer; ?i: the relative refractive index of ith layer. The refractive index profile changes between the first radius r1 and the fourth radius r4 of the optical fibre 100. Further, the relative refractive index of the glass core region 102, the glass cladding region 108, the buffer region 104 and the trench region 106 has a pre-defined value. Furthermore, the radius of the glass core region 102, the glass cladding region 108, the buffer region 104 and the trench region 106 has a pre-defined value. The pre-defined values of the relative refractive index are set to obtain good macro-bend performance and high mode field diameter. The optical fibre 100 may include the buffer region 104 before the glass cladding region 108. The optical fibre 100 may include the buffer region 104 between the glass core region 102 and the glass cladding region 108. The buffer region 104 is defined by the first radius r1 and the second radius r2 from the central longitudinal axis 110 of the optical fibre 100. The buffer region 104 has a buffer relative refractive index ?2. Further, the trench region 106 is defined by the second radius r2 and the third radius r3 from the central longitudinal axis 110 of the optical fibre 100. The trench region 106 may have a trench relative refractive index ?3. Furthermore, the glass cladding region 108 is defined by the third radius r3 and the fourth radius r4. Moreover, the glass cladding region 108 has a clad relative refractive index ?4. The buffer region 104 of the optical fibre 100 has the second radius r2 in range of about 12 micrometers to 18 micrometers. Range of the second radius r2 may vary. The buffer region 104 may have one or more of a thickness of 3 micrometers to 4 micrometers and a buffer relative refractive index ?2 in range of -0.01 to 0.01. The buffer relative refractive index ?2 and the thickness of the buffer region 104 of the optical fibre 100 may vary. The trench region 106 of the optical fibre 100 has the third radius r3 in range of about 18 micrometers to 27 micrometers. In addition, range of the third radius r3 may vary. The trench region 106 of the optical fibre 100 may have the trench relative refractive index ?3 in range of about -0.33 to -0.24. Further, range of the trench relative refractive index ?3 may vary. The trench region 106 may have a trench curve parameter a in range of about 4 to 8. Furthermore, value of the trench curve parameter a may vary. The trench region 106 may have a trench thickness in range of 6 micrometers to 9 micrometers. Moreover, value of the trench thickness may vary. The glass cladding region 108 of the optical fibre 100 has the fourth radius r4 in about 62.5 micrometers. In addition, value of the fourth radius r4 may vary. The glass cladding region 108 may have the clad relative refractive index ?4 in range of -0.01 to 0.01. The clad relative refractive index ?4 of the glass cladding region 108 of the optical fibre 100 may vary. In addition, the glass cladding region 108 may have a clad thickness in range of 35.5 micrometers to 45.5 micrometers. The clad thickness of the glass cladding region 108 of the optical fibre 100 may vary. The glass core region 102 of the optical fibre 100 has maximum refractive index nmax. In addition, the buffer region 104 has refractive index of pure silica nclad. Further, minimum refractive index of the trench region 106 is ntrench. The glass core region 104 has a core relative refractive index profile. The core relative refractive index profile is a super Gaussian profile. The core relative refractive index profile is set to obtain a balance between desired macro-bend performance and high mode field diameter as optical fibre having high mode field diameter adversely impacts the macro bend performance. Further, the expression used for super Gaussian profile for the glass core region 102 of the optical fibre 100 is as follow: ?(r)= ?1*exp?(-(r/a)^?) for r = r1 ?(r)= ?2 for r1 = r

Documents

Application Documents

# Name Date
1 202011004899-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [04-02-2020(online)].pdf 2020-02-04
2 202011004899-PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION [04-02-2020(online)].pdf 2020-02-04
3 202011004899-POWER OF AUTHORITY [04-02-2020(online)].pdf 2020-02-04
4 202011004899-FORM 1 [04-02-2020(online)].pdf 2020-02-04
5 202011004899-DRAWINGS [04-02-2020(online)].pdf 2020-02-04
6 202011004899-DECLARATION OF INVENTORSHIP (FORM 5) [04-02-2020(online)].pdf 2020-02-04
7 202011004899-DRAWING [03-07-2020(online)].pdf 2020-07-03
8 202011004899-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [03-07-2020(online)].pdf 2020-07-03
9 202011004899-FORM 18 [20-04-2021(online)].pdf 2021-04-20
10 202011004899-Request Letter-Correspondence [04-06-2021(online)].pdf 2021-06-04
11 202011004899-FORM 3 [04-06-2021(online)].pdf 2021-06-04
12 202011004899-Covering Letter [04-06-2021(online)].pdf 2021-06-04
13 abstract.jpg 2021-10-18
14 202011004899-FER.pdf 2022-02-16
15 202011004899-REQUEST FOR CERTIFIED COPY [18-02-2022(online)].pdf 2022-02-18
16 202011004899-FORM-26 [18-02-2022(online)].pdf 2022-02-18
17 202011004899-Response to office action [16-08-2022(online)].pdf 2022-08-16
18 202011004899-RELEVANT DOCUMENTS [16-08-2022(online)].pdf 2022-08-16
19 202011004899-Proof of Right [16-08-2022(online)].pdf 2022-08-16
20 202011004899-PETITION UNDER RULE 137 [16-08-2022(online)].pdf 2022-08-16
21 202011004899-FORM-26 [16-08-2022(online)].pdf 2022-08-16
22 202011004899-FER_SER_REPLY [16-08-2022(online)].pdf 2022-08-16
23 202011004899-CORRESPONDENCE [16-08-2022(online)].pdf 2022-08-16
24 202011004899-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [16-08-2022(online)].pdf 2022-08-16
25 202011004899-US(14)-HearingNotice-(HearingDate-24-01-2024).pdf 2024-01-01
26 202011004899-FORM-26 [19-01-2024(online)].pdf 2024-01-19
27 202011004899-Correspondence to notify the Controller [19-01-2024(online)].pdf 2024-01-19
28 202011004899-Written submissions and relevant documents [08-02-2024(online)].pdf 2024-02-08
29 202011004899-Response to office action [08-02-2024(online)].pdf 2024-02-08
30 202011004899-FORM-26 [08-02-2024(online)].pdf 2024-02-08
31 202011004899-Annexure [08-02-2024(online)].pdf 2024-02-08
32 202011004899-PatentCertificate10-02-2024.pdf 2024-02-10
33 202011004899-IntimationOfGrant10-02-2024.pdf 2024-02-10

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