A) TITLE
Optical Techniques for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources
B) FIELD OF INVENTION
Lighting Apparatus
C) PRIOR ART
Small aperture light sources like Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), are a specialized area of lighting that are often low in intensity, which are combined in various manners to suit the kind of applications for which they are used. Though providing limitless possibilities, primarily in the display of information, they are often unsuitable for large high intensity applications, with the key factor being collating the multiple small point sources into a continuous light source. Presently there are not many available techniques to achieve the same.
The current lighting products using small aperture light sources tike the LEDs have a simple flat panel arrangement of light sources, where the light sources are mounted on a flat panel with multiple light sources placed close to each other. Such combinations are often unsuitable for high Intensity applications like Street Lighting, Automotive lighting, Long Range Lighting, etc. for the following reasons:
• The Light beams emitted from the light sources are often discreet and
collate only a large distance, that too only a small portion of the light
beams is collated while the rest is discreet from other beams.
• Space Limitations: In a Flat Panel arrangement in a given space only a
certain (low) number of light sources can be accommodated, which limits
the total light output of the Product.
• The Space limitations acutely arise when a light beam combination of light
sources is to be further manipulated by a concave reflector (spherical or
parabolic), as much of the reflected beam from the reflector is blocked by
the tight source itself.
(Figure Remove)D) OBJECT OF INVENTION
The object of the Invention is as follows:
• To collate beams of light, from multiple light sources, into a single beam of
significantly higher intensity (than the individual incident beams).
• To collate the spatially discreet individual light beams into one coherent
beam.
• To collate the multiple incident light beams into an emergent beam of
cylindrical, conical or radial distributions
E) THE OPTICAL TECHNIQUES
The following set of optical techniques are developed to address to the need of collating light beams from small aperture light sources:
• Pyramidal Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from
Small Aperture Light Sources
• Conical Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from
Small Aperture Light Sources
• Parabolic Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from
Small Aperture Light Sources
• Revolved Prism based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from
Small Aperture Light Sources
• Beam Tree Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture
Light Sources
• Prism Doublet based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from
Small Aperture Light Sources
F) ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED INVENTION
The Invention, or the set of processes for collating light beams do away with the mentioned drawbacks of the currently available techniques in the following manner:
• Light Intensity: The Pyramidal, Conical, Parabolic, Revolved Prism
Techniques allow a much larger number of light sources (than the Flat Panel
Techniques currently used) to be mounted radially around them thus
increasing the total light input to the system. These technique also allow a
better collation of incident light beams, thus the emergent light beam is of
significantly higher intensity than what can be achieved by the currently
available techniques. The Beam Tree & Prismatic Doublet techniques also,
allow a better collation of light beams thus resulting in higher intensity of the
emergent beam.
• Increased Number of Light Sources due to Radial Mounting: When used
in conjunction with a concave reflecting surface, for the same size (small) of
Primary Reflector/Refractor (Pyramidal, Conical, Parabolic, Revolved Prism),
the number of light sources mounted radially can be increased by increasing
the diameter of circle in which they are mounted, as shown in Figure 1.3. This
means that for a small size of the Primary Reflector, a large number of light
(Figure Remove)sources can be accommodated, which in turn is much higher than the number of light sources that can be accommodated in a Flat Panel assembly. In case of the light sources mounted radially around the Primary Reflector/Refractor (Conical, Parabolic, Revolved Prism), only a small component of the reflected beam is blocked by the Reflector/Refractor, when used in conjunction with a Secondary Concave Reflector

Figure 1.3: A large number of Small Aperture light sources radially mounted around a Conical Reflector (with a larger number for larger radius of mounting)
Figure 1.4: The Primary Parabolic Reflector, with radially mounted light sources, blocking only a small component of light beam reflected from a Secondary Concave Reflector.
G) DESCRIPTIONS OF DRAWINGS ATTACHED
Figure 2.1: Pyramidal Reflector Based Optical Technique for Collating Light
Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources (2DI)
Figure 2.2: Radially Placed Light Sources around the Pyramidal Reflector (3DI)
Figure 3.1: Conical Reflector Based Optical Technique for Collating Light
Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources (2DI)
Figure 3.2: Radially Placed Light Sources around the Conical Reflector (3D!)
Figure 4.1: Parabolic Reflector Based Optical Technique for Collating Light
Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources (2DI)
Figure 4.2: Radially Placed Light Sources around the Parabolic Reflector (3DI)
Figure 5.1: Revolved Prism Refractor Based Optical Technique for Collating
Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources (2DI)
Figure 5.2: Radially Placed Light Sources around the Revolved Prism Refractor
(3DI)
Figure 6.1: Beam Tree Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small
Aperture Light Sources (2DI)
Figure 6.2: Beam Tree Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small
Aperture Light Sources (3DI)
Figure 7.1: Prism Doublet Based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams
from Small Aperture Light Sources (2DI)
Figure 7.2: Prism Doublet Based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams
from Small Aperture Light Sources (3DI)
Figure 8.1: High Intensity, Long Range Light using the Conical Reflector Based
Optical Technique (2DI)
Figure 8.1: High Intensity, Long Range Light using the Conical Reflector Based
Optical Technique (3DI)
Figure 9.1: Component Diagram for Long Range High Intensity Light using the
Parabolic Reflector Based Optical Technique (2DI)
Figure 9.2: Component Diagram for Long Range High Intensity Light using the
Parabolic Reflector Based Optical Technique (3DI)
2DI: 2 Dimensional Illustration 3DI: 3 Dimensional Illustration
H) Pyramidal Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources (Process)
COMPONENTS
01. Light Source:
• Small aperture light source like Light Emitting Diode LED, etc. Aperture (2.5
mm - 25mm)
• Light beam of varying angular (0-50 degree) spread
• Mounted radially, or in flat panels parallel to the base of the Pyramidal
Reflector, pointing towards the Pyramidal Reflector
02. Primary Refractor:
« Single Convex Lens
• Small focal length (5mm-20mm)
• Small aperture (5 mm - 25mm)
1 Transparent refractive material like Glass, Polycarbonate
03. Pyramidal Reflector:
• Pyramidal reflector
• Reflective edge inclined at an angle of 45 degees from the horizontal plane
• Highly reflective Front Coating on Pyramid made of thermally stable material
like Glass, Polycarbonate
WORKING
The components are arranged in the manner as shown in the figure 2.1. Small Aperture light sources (01) with Primary Refractors (02) are arranged radially around the Pyramidal Reflector (03), as shown in figure 2.2. Parallelized beams of light from the light sources are pointed towards the reflector. The incident beams are collated and reflected in a perpendicular direction by the reflector. The combination yields parallelized and collated emergent beam of significantly higher intensity than the incident beams.
I) Conical Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources (Process)
COMPONENTS
04. Light Source:
• Small aperture light source like Light Emitting Diode LED, etc. Aperture (2.5
mm - 25mm)
• Light beam of varying angular (0-50 degree) spread
• Mounted radially or in flat panels parallel to the base of the Pyramidal
Reflector, pointing towards the Pyramidal Reflector
05. Primary Refractor:
• Single Convex Lens
• Small focaUength(5mm-20mm)
• Small aperture (5 mm - 25mm)
• Transparent refractive material tike Gtass, Polycarbonate
06. Conical Reflector:
• Conical Reflector
• Reflective surface inclined at an angle of 45 degees from the horizontal plane

• Highly Reflective Front Coating on cone of Reflecting Edge inclined at 45
degree from the horizontal
• Made of material like Glass, Polycarbonate
WORKING
The Components are arranged in the manner as shown in the figure 3.1. Small Aperture Light Sources (04) with Primary Refractors (05) are arranged radially around the Conical Reflector (06), as shown in figure 3.2. Parallelized beams of light from the light sources are pointed towards the Reflector. The incident beams are collated and reflected in a perpendicular direction by the reflector. The combination yields parallelized and collated emergent beam of significantly higher intensity than the incident beams.
J) Parabolic Reflector Based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources (Process)
COMPONENTS
07. Light Source:
• Small aperture light source like Light Emitting Diode LED, etc. Aperture (2.5
mm - 25mm)
• Light beam of varying angular (0-50 degree) spread
• Mounted radially or in flat panels parallel to the base of the Pyramidal
Reflector, pointing towards the Pyramidal Reflector
08. Primary Refractor:
• Single convex lens
• Small focal length (5mm-20mm)
• Small aperture (5 mm - 25mm)
• Transparent refractive material like Glass, Polycarbonate
09. Primary Parabolic Reflector:
• Convex Parabolic Reflector (surface of revolution of a parabola)
« Highly Reflective Front Coating on Convex Parabolic Reflector made of
material like Glass, Polycarbonate 10 Secondary Concave Reflector:
• Concave reflecting surface
• Highly reflecting Font coating on concave surface made of Material like Glass
WORKING
The Components are arranged in the manner as shown in the figure 4.1. Small Aperture Sources of light (07) with the Primary Refractors 08) are arranged radially around the Parabolic Reflector (09), with their Parallelized beams of light from the light sources, pointed towards the Reflector, as shown in figure 4.2. The incident beams are collated and reflected in radial directions by the reflector. A Secondary Parabolic Reflector (10) is further used to reflect the emergent beam into one of desired angular spread.
K) Revolved Prism Refractor based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources (Process)
COMPONENTS
11. Light Source:
• Small aperture light source like Light Emitting Diode LED, etc. Aperture (2.5
mm - 25mm)
• Light beam of varying angular (0-50 degree) spread
• Mounted radially or in flat panels parallel to the base of the Pyramidal
Reflector, pointing towards the Pyramidal Reflector
12. Primary Refractor:
• Single Convex Lens
• Small focal length (5mm-2Qmm)
• Small aperture (5 mm - 25rnm)
• Transparent refractive material like Glass, Polycarbonate
13. Revolved Prism Refractor:
« Revolved Prism Refractor, a continuous surface of revolution created by revolving a Right angled prism about a central axis (alternatively a conical volume of desired angle subtracted from a cylinder)
• Transparent Refractive Material like Glass, Polycarbonate
WORKING
The Components are arranged as shown in the figure 5.1. & 5.2. Small Aperture Sources of light (11), with the Primary Refractors (12) are arranged radially around the Revolved Prism Refractor (13), with parellalized beams directed towards it. At the condition of total internal reflection, the horizontal incident ray is refracted in a direction perpendicular to it. The incident beams are collated and refracted in a perpendicular direction by the refractor. The Combination yields a palellelized emergent beam of higher Intensity then the individual incident beams.
L) Beam Tree Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Sources of Light (Process)
COMPONENTS
14. Light Source:
• Small aperture light source like Light Emitting Diode LED, etc. Aperture (2.5
mm - 25mm)
• Light beam of varying angular (0-50 degree) Spread
15. Primary Refractor:
• Convex Lens Doublet
• Small focal length (5mm-20mm)
« Small aperture (5 mm - 25mm)
• Transparent refractive material like Glass, Polycarbonate
16. Secondary Refractor:
• Convex Lens Doublet
• Small Focal Length (5mm-25mm) each
• Transparent Refractive Material like Glass, Polycarbonate
WORKING
The Beam Tree technique is based on a branch like arrangement of light sources, with the individual beams focused on a single point. The resultant collective cone is placed at the focus of a secondary convex refractor doublet, which produces a collated parallelized beam. The small aperture light sources (14) with the Primary Refractors (15) are arranged in a branched tree like manner, with their focused cones of light merging into a single large cone as shown. The Secondary Refractor (16) focuses this cone into a coherent parallelized beam as shown in figure 6.1 & 6.2.
M) Prism Doublet based Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Sources of Light (Process)
COMPONENTS
17. Light Source:
• Point Light source like LED, etc.
• Light Beam of variying angular (0-50 degree) spread
18. Primary Refractor:
• Single convex lens
• Small focal length (5mm-20mm)
• Small aperture (5 mm - 25mm)
• Transparent refractive material like Glass, Polycarbonate
19. Prism Doublet:
• Right Angled Prism Doublet
• Transparent Refractive Material like Glass, Polycarbonate
WORKING
The component arrangement is as shown in figure 7.1. The Light Sources (17) with the Primary Refractors (18) are placed with the parallelized beams pointed towards the two incident faces of Prism Doublet (19).One incident beam is refracted upwards due to total internal refraction. The other incident beam passes upwards without any refraction collating with the first refracted beam.
N) High intensity long range light using the Conical Reflector Based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Point Sources of Light (Product)
The Conical Reflector based combination can be utilized to create a high intensity long range light using multiple small point light sources.
COMPONENTS
20. Light Source:
• Multiple Point Light source like LEO, etc.
• Light Beam of varying angular (0-50 degree)
21. Primary Refractor:
• Single Convex Lens (Glass, Polycarbonate)
• Small Focal Length & Aperture
22. Conical Reflector:
• Conical Reflector
• Highly Reflective Front Coating on cone of 45 degree Reflecting Edge made
of Material like Glass, Polycarbonate
23. Beam Manipulator:
• A three Convex lens combination as shown in figure 8.1
WORKING
The Components are arranged in the manner as shown in the figure 8.1 & 8.2. The Light Sources (20) with the Primary Refractors (21) are arranged radially around the Conical Reflector (22), with their parallelized beams pointed toward the reflector. The perpendicular emergent beam goes through the Beam Manipulator (23) to emerge as a divergent beam with a small angular spread that can reach large distances at a high intensity.
ALTERNATIVE PRODUCT AREAS
• Search Lights
• Sports Lighting
• Automotive Light
« Traffic Signal Lights
• Domestic Ligths
• Industrial Lights
• Special Purpose Lighting
O) Long Range High Intensity Light using the Parabolic Reflector Based Optical Technique (Product)
COMPONENTS
24. Light Source:
« Point Light source like LED, etc.
• Light Beam of varying angular (0-50 degree) spread
25. Primary Reflector:
• Single Convex Lens (Glass, Polycarbonate)
• Small Focal Length & Aperture
26. Primary Parabolic Reflector:
• Highly Reflective Front Coated Parabolic Convex Reflector of Material like
Glass, Polycarbonate
27. Secondary Parabolic Reflector:
• Highly Reflective Front Coated Parabolic Concave Reflector of Material like
Glass, Polycarbonate
WORKING
The Components are arranged in the manner as shown in the figure 9.1. Small Aperture Sources of Light (24), with the Primary Refractors (25) are arranged radially around the Primary Parabolic Reflector (26), with the parellelized beams of light pointed towards the reflector, as shown in figure 9.2. The incident beams are collated and reflected in radial directions by the reflector. The Secondary Parabolic Reflector (27) is further used to reflect the emergent beam into one of desired angular spread.
Alternative Product Areas: Search Lights Sports Lighting Automotive Light Traffic Signal Lights Domestic Ligths Industrial Lights Special Purpose Lighting

I Claim
Claim 1:
A Set of Processes, each of which are individually capable collating incident
beams from multiple small aperture light sources into a single beam of higher
intensity than the individual beams, that can be represented by the following
titles:
1. Pyramidal Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from
Small Aperture Light Sources
2. Conical Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from
Small Aperture Light Sources
3. Parabolic Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from
Small Aperture Light Sources
4. Revolved Prism based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from
Small Aperture Light Sources
5. Beam Tree Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture
Light Sources
6. Prism Doublet based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from
Small Aperture Light Sources
Claim 2
The Pyramidal Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources as described in Claim 1 which is based on a Pyramidal, highly reflecting surface with the following characteristics:
• Pyramidal surface with the reflecting edges inclined at 45 degrees from the
base
• Thermally stable material like glass, Polycarbonate, etc.
• Highly polished surface
• Reflective coating with Reflectivity greater than 95%
And where:
» Small Aperture Sources of light (01) with Primary Refractors (02) are
arranged radially around the Pyramidal Reflector (03), as shown in figure 2.1.
& 2.2 Parallelized beams of light from the light sources are pointed towards
the Reflector.
• The incident beams are collated and reflected in a perpendicular direction by
the reflector.
• The combination yields Parallelized emergent beam of significantly higher
intensity than the incident beams.
Claim 3
The Conical Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources as described in Claim 1 which is based on a Conical, highly reflecting surface with the following characteristics:
• Conical surface with the reflecting Edge inclined at 45 degrees to the base
• Thermally stable material like glass, Polycarbonate, etc.
• Highly polished surface
• Reflective coating with Reflectivity greater than 95%
And where:
• Small Aperture Sources of light (04) with Primary Refractors (05) are
arranged radially around the Conical Reflector (06), as shown in figure 3.1 &
3.2
• Parallelized beams of light from the light sources are pointed towards the
Reflector. The incident beams are collated and reflected in a perpendicular
direction by the reflector.
• The combination yields Parallelized emergent beam of significantly higher
intensity than the incident beams.
Claim 4
The Parabolic Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources as described in Claim 1 which is based on a Parabolic, highly reflecting surface with the following characteristics:
• Surface of revolution of a Parabola
• Thermally stable material like glass, Polycarbonate, etc.
• Highly polished surface
• Reflective coating with Reflectivity greater than 95%
And where:
• Small Aperture Sources of light (07) with the Primary Refractors 08) are
arranged radially around the Parabolic Reflector (09), with their Parallelized
beams of light from the light sources, pointed towards the Reflector, as shown
in figure 4.1 & 4.2.
• The incident beams are collated and reflected in radial directions by the
reflector.
• A Secondary Parabolic Reflector (10) is further used to reflect the emergent
beam into one of desired angular spread.
Claim 5
Revolved Prism based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources as described in Claims 1 which is based on a Prismatic Refractor of following characteristics:
• Revolved Prism Refractor, a continuous surface of revolution created by
revolving a right angled prism about a central axis (alternatively a conical
volume of desired angle subtracted from a cylinder)
• Transparent Refractive Material like Glass, Polycarbonate
And where:
• Small Aperture Sources of Light (11), with the Primary Refractors (12) are
arranged radially around the Revolved Prism Refractor (13), with pareilalized
beams directed towards it as shown in figures 5.1. & 5.2.
• Due to total internal reflection, the horizontal incident ray is refracted in a
direction perpendicular to it as shown.
• The incident beams are collated and refracted in a perpendicular direction by
the refractor.
• The Combination yields a palellelized collated emergent beam
Claims
The Beam Tree Technique of the set of Processes as described in Claims 1 which is based on a branch like arrangement of light sources, with the individual beams focused on a single point. The resultant collective cone is placed at the focus of a secondary convex refractor doublet, which produces a collated parallelized beam
And where:
• The small aperture light sources (14) with the Primary Refractors (15) are
arranged in a branched tree like manner, with their focused cones of light
merging into a single large cone as shown.
• The Secondary Refractor (16) focuses this cone into a coherent parallelized
beam as shown in figure 6.1 & 6.2.
Claim?
The Prism Doublet Based Technique of the set of Processes as described in
Claim 1 which is based on a Prismatic Refractor of following characteristics:
• Right Angled Prism Doublet
• Transparent Refractive Material like Glass, Polycarbonate
And where:
• The Small Aperture Light Sources (17) with the Primary Refractors (18) are
placed with the parallelized beams pointed towards the two incident faces of
Prism Doublet (19), as shown in figures 7.1 & 7.2.
• One incident beam is refracted upwards due to total internal refraction. The
other incident beam passes upwards without any refraction collating with the
first refracted beam.
Claim 8
A Lighting Product which is based on the The Conical Reflector based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources as described in Claims 1 & 3. which produces a high Intensity long Range light beam, as illustrated in figures 8.1 & 8.2, where the component have the following characteristics:
20. Light Source:
• Multiple Point Light source like LED, etc.
• Light Beam of varying angular (0-50 degree) spread
21. Primary Refractor:
• Single Convex Lens (Glass, Polycarbonate)
• Small Focal Length & Aperture
22. Conical Reflector:
• Conical Reflector
• Highly Reflective Front Coating on cone of 45 degree Reflecting Edge made
of Material like Glass, Polycarbonate
23. Beam Manipulator:
• A three Convex lens combination as shown in Figure 8.1
And where:
• The Light Sources (20) with the Primary Refractors (21) are arranged radially
around the Conical Reflector (22), with their parallelized beams pointed
toward the reflector, as shown in figure 8.2.
• The perpendicular emergent beam goes through the Beam Manipulator (23)
to emerge as a divergent beam with a small angular spread that can reach
large distances at a high intensity.
Alternative Product Areas:
• Search Lights
• Sports Lighting
« Automotive Light
« Traffic Signal Lights
• Domestic Ligths
• Industrial Lights
• Special Purpose Lighting
Claim 9
A Lighting Product which is based on the Parabolical Reflector Based Optical Technique for Collating Light Beams from Small Aperture Light Sources, which is as, described in claims 1 & 4. which produces a high Intensity long Range light beam as illustrated in figures 9.1 & 9.2. where the components have the following characteristics:
24. Light Source:
• Point Light source like LED, etc.
• Light Beam of varying angular (0-50 degree) spread
25. Primary Reflector:
• Single Convex Lens (Glass, Polycarbonate)
• Small Focal Length & Aperture
26. Primary Parabolic Reflector:
• Highly Reflective Front Coated Parabolic Convex Reflector of Material like
Glass, Polycarbonate
27. Secondary Parabolic Reflector:
• Highly Reflective Front Coated Parabolic Concave Reflector of Material like
Glass, Polycarbonate
And where:
• Small Aperture Sources of Light (24), with the Primary Refractors (25) are
arranged radially around the Primary Parabolic Reflector (26), with the
parallelized beams of light pointed towards the reflector, as shown in figure
9.1.
• The incident beams are collated and reflected in radial directions by the
reflector.
• The Secondary Parabolic Reflector (27) is further used to reflect the emergent
beam into one of desired angular spread.
Alternative Product Areas: