Specification
This invention relates to oxazolo-naphthyl acids as plasminogen activator inhibitor type-
(PAI-I) modulators useful in the treatment of thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention relates generally to oxazolo-naphthyl acids, such as
[oxazolo-5-yl-naphthyl]oxyalkyl-acids and methods of using them.
The serine protease inhibitor PAI-1 is one of the primary inhibitors of the
fibrinolytic system. The fibrinolytic system includes the proenzyme plasminogen, which is
converted to the active enzyme, plasmin, by one of two tissue type plasminogen activators, /-
or w-PA. PAI-1 is the principal physiological inhibitor of /-PA and u-PA. One of plasmin's
main functions in the fibrinolytic system is to digest fibrin at the site of vascular injury. The
fibrinolytic system, however, is not only responsible for the removal of fibrin from circulation
but is also involved in several other biological processes including ovulation, embryogenesis,
intima proliferation, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and atherosclerosis.
Elevated levels of PAI-1 have been associated with a variety of diseases and
conditions including those associated with impairment of the fibrinolytic system. For example,
elevated levels of PAI-1 have been implicated in thrombotic diseases, e.g., diseases characterized
by formation of a thrombus that obstructs vascular blood flow locally or detaches and cmboliz.es
to occlude blood flow downstream. (Krishnaraurti, Blood, 69,798 (1987); Reilly,
Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis, 11,1276 (1991); Carmeliet, Journal of Clinical Investigation,
92, 2756 (1993), Rocha, Fibrinolysis, 8,294,1994; Aznar, Haemostasis 24, 243 (1994)).
Antibody neutralization of PAI-1 activity resulted in promotion of endogenous thrombolysis and
reperfusion (Biemond, Circulation, 91,1175 (1995); Levi, Circulation 85,305, (1992)).
Elevated levels of PAI-1 have also been implicated in diseases such as polycystic ovary
syndrome (Nordt, Journal of clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 85,4,1563 (2000)), bone
loss induced by estrogen deficiency (Daci, Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 15,8,1510
(2000)), cystic fibrosis, diabetes, chronic periodontitis, lymphomas, diseases associated with
extracellular matrix accumulation, malignancies and diseases associated with neoangiogenesis,
associated with infections, and diseases associated with
increased wPA levels such as breast and ovarian cancer.
In view of the foregoing, there exists a need for inhibitors of PAI-1 activity and
methods of using them to modulate PAI-1 expression or activity, for example, in treating
disorders associated with elevated PAI-1 levels.
SUMMARY
In one aspect, the present invention relates to oxazolo-naphthyl acids of the
following formula:
Formula I
or solvates, hydrates or pharmaceutical ly acceptable salts or ester forms thereof; wherein:
Ar is aryl or heteroaryl;
Ri is hydrogen, Ci-Cu alkyl, Ce-Karyl, C«-nar(Cj.6)alkyl, -(CH2)p-heteroaryl,
-(CH2)p-CO-aryl, -(CHi)p-CO-heteroaryl, -(CHjVCO-Cd-QJalkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7
alkynyl, Cj-Cj eycloalkyl, halogen or Ci-Cjperfluoroalkoxy;
RI and Rj are independently hydrogen, d-dj alkyl, C$.M aryl, C6-i4ar(C|.6)alkyl,
-{CH^-heteroaryl, halogen, Q-Ce alkoxy, alkoxyaryl, nitro, carboxy(CrC« alkyl), carbamide,
carbamate, or Cs-Cg eycloalkyl;
R* is -CH(R6XCH2)nRs> -€(^3)!^, -CHCRsXCH!)^ -CHCRjJQrLiRfi,
-CH(Rj)C6H3(COjH)2, CH(Rj)C6H2(CO2H)3, or an acid mimic;
Rj is hydrogen, Ci-C« alkyl, C$-Ci2 aryl, C6.|4ar(Ci^)a)kyl, Cj-Cs cycloaikyi, or
R« is COzH, tetrazole, or POjH;
The present invention further provides, inter alia, methods of using oxazolonaphthyl
acids (preferably those of Formula I) to, for example, modulate PAI-1 expression
and/or activity. In certain methods, a therapcutically effective amount of one or more
compounds of the present invention is administered to a subject to treat a PAI-1 related disorder.
Exemplary methods are those that involve inhibiting PAI-1 activity in the subject, such as that
associated with impairment of the fibrinolytic system. In certain embodiments, one or more
compounds of the present invention is administered to a subject to treat thrombosis, e.g.. venous
thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, cerebral thrombosis, and deep vein thrombosis, atrial fibrillation,
pulmonary fibrosis, thromboembolic complications of surgery, cardiovascular disease, e.g.,
myocardial ischemia, atherosclerotic plaque formation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,
renal fibrosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, or cancer.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
A. GENERAL OVERVIEW
The present invention provides compounds mat inhibit PAI-1 activity, processes
for preparing such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and
methods for using such compounds, for example, in medical therapies. Preferred compounds
have properties that are useful for the prevention and/or inhibition, of a wide variety of diseases
and disorders involving the production and/or action of PAJ-1. Compounds of the present
invention can be used to treat impairment of the fibrinolytic system including, but not limited to,
thrombosis, coronary heart disease, renal fibrosis, atherosclerotic plaque formation, pulmonary
disease, myocardial ischemia, atrial fibrillation, coagulation syndromes, thromboembolic
complications of surgery, peripheral arterial occlusion and pulmonary fibrosis. Other disorders
treatable by the compounds of the present invention include, but are not limited to, polycystic
ovary syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer.
The terms "alkyl" and "alkylene," as used herein, whether used alone or as part of
another group, refer to substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon chains, the difference
being that alkyl groups are monovalent (i.e., terminal) in nature whereas alkylene groups are
include, but are not limited to, straight and branched
chains containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, preferably I to about 6 carbon atoms, unless
explicitly specified otherwise. For example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, f-butyl and tbutyl
are encompassed by the term "alkyl." Specifically included within the definition of "alky!"
are those aliphatic hydrocarbon chains that are optionally substituted. Accordingly, the alkyl
groups described herein refer to both umubstituted or substituted groups. Representative optional
substituents include, but are not limited to, halogens, -CN, hydroxy, oxo (=O), acyloxy, alkoxy,
amino, amino substituted by one or two alkyl groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aminoacyl,
acylamino, thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, substituted thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon
atoms, and trihalomethyl. Preferred substituents include halogens, -CN, -OH, oxo (=0), and
amino groups.
The carbon number as used in the definitions herein refers to carbon backbone
and carbon branching, but does not include carbon atoms of the substituents, such as alkoxy
substitutions and the tike.
The term "alkenyl", as used herein, whether used alone or as part of another
group, refers to a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon chain and includes, but is not
limited to, straight and branched chains having 2 to about 10 carbon atoms (unless explicitly
specified otherwise) and containing at least one double bond. Preferably, the alkenyl moiety has
1 or 2 double bonds. Preferably, the alkenyl moiety has about 2 to about 7 carbon atoms. Such
alkenyl moieties can exist in the E or Z conformations and the compounds of this invention
include both conformations. Specifically included within the definition of "alkenyl" are those
aliphatic hydrocarbon chains that are optionally substituted. Accordingly, the alkenyl groups
described herein refer to both unsubstituted or substituted groups. Representative optional
substifuents include, but are not limited to, halogens, -CN, hydroxy, acyloxy, alkoxy, amino,
amino substituted by one or two alkyl groups of from I to 6 carbon atoms, aminoacyl,
acylamino, thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, substituted thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon
atoms, and trihalomethyl. Heteroatoms, such as O or S attached to an alkenyl should not be
attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to a double bond. Preferred substituents include
halogens, -CN, -OH, and amino groups.
The term "alkynyl", as used herein, whether used alone or as part of another
group, refers to a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon chain and includes, but is not
limited to, straight and branched chains having 2 to about 10 carbon atoms (unless explicitly
specified otherwise) and containing at least one triple bond. Preferably, the alkynyl moiety has
about 2 to about 7 carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, the alkynyl can contain more than one
group must contain at least four carbon atoms.
Specifically included within the definition of "alkynyl" are those aliphatic hydrocarbon chains
that are optionally substituted. Accordingly, the alkynyl groups described herein refer to both
unsubstituted or substituted groups. Representative optional substituents include, but are not
limited to, halogens, -CN, hydroxy, acyloxy, alkoxy, amino, amino substituted by one or two
alkyl groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aminoacyl, acylamino, thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6
carbon atoms, substituted thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and trihalomethyl. Preferred
substituents include halogens, -CN, -OH, and amino groups. Heteroatoms, such as O or S
attached to an alkynyl should not be attached to a carbon that is bonded to a triple bond.
The term "cycloalkyl" as used herein, whether alone or as part of another group,
refers to a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to about 20 carbon
atoms (unless explicitly specified otherwise), preferably 3 to about 8 carbon atoms, more
preferably 3 to about 6 carbon atoms. Specifically included within the definition of "cycloalkyl"
are those alicyclic hydrocarbon groups that are optionally substituted. Accordingly, the
cycloalkyl groups described herein refer to both unsubstituted or substituted groups.
Representative optional substituents include, but are not limited to, halogens, -CN, hydroxy, oxo
(=O), acyloxy, alkoxy, amino, amino substituted by one or two alkyl groups of from 1 to 6
carbon atoms, aminoacyl, acylamino, thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, substituted
thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and trihalomethyl.
The term "aryl", as used herein, whether used alone or as part of another group, is
defined as a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group having 5 to about SO
carbon atoms (unless explicitly specified otherwise) with from about 6 to about 14 carbon atoms
being preferred, more preferably from about 6 to about 12 carbon atoms. The "aryl" group can
have a single ring or multiple condensed rings. The term "aryl" includes, but is not limited to
phenyl, a-naphthyl, p-naphthyl, biphenyl, anthryl, tetrahydronaphthyl, fluorenyl, indanyl,
biphenylenyl, and acenaphthenyl. Specifically included within the definition of "aryl" are those
aromatic groups that are optionally substituted. Accordingly, the aryl groups (e.g., phenyl,
naphthyl, and fluorenyl) described herein refer to both unsubstituted or substituted groups. In
representative embodiments of the present invention, the "aryl" groups are optionally substituted
with from 1 to S substituents selected from the group consisting of acyloxy, hydroxy, acyl, alkyl
of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, alkynyl of
2 to 6 carbon atoms, Cs-Ce cycloalkyl, -(CKfeVCj-Ce cycloalkyl, halogen, C|-C3 perfluoroalkyl,
perfluoroalkoxy, -(CHzJp-phenyl, -O(CH2)P-phenyl, amino, amino substituted by one or
two alkyl groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aminoacyl, acylamino, azido, cyano, halo, nitro,
thiodnc*x>*of !Mriif'M«R>-'fcait»'6W*«^ns5 substituted thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and
trihalomethyl. For example, the "aryl" groups can be optionally substituted with from 1 to 3
groups selected from C|-C6 alM. Ci-Ca alkoxy, hydroxy, Cj-Ce cycloalkyl, -(CH2)p-Cj-C<>
cycloalkyl, halogen, Ci-Cj perfluoroalkyl, C|-Cj periluoroalkoxy, <>(CHj)p-phenyl, and -
O(CH2)p-phenyl. The phenyl group of-(CHj)p-phenyl and -O(CH2)p-phenyl can be optionally
substituted with, for example, from 1 to 3 groups selected from Ci-Q> alkyl, Ci-C« alkoxy,
-(CHj)p-phenyl, halogen, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy. P is an integer from 0 to 3.
Preferred aryl groups include phenyl and naphthyl. Preferred substituents on the aryl groups
herein include Ci-Cs alkyl, Ci-C* alkoxy, halo, cyano, nitro, trihalomethyl, arid Ci-C6
thioalkoxy.
As used herein, the term "heteroaryl", whether used alone or as part of another
group, is defined as a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic ring system . Hcteroaryl
groups can have, for example, from about 3 to about 50 carbon atoms (unJess explicitly specified
otherwise), with from about 4 to about 10 being preferred. In some embodiments, heteroaryl
groups are aromatic heterocyclic ring systems having 4 to 14 ring atoms and containing carbon
atoms and 1,2,3, or 4 oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur heteroatoms. Representative heteroaryl groups
are furan, thiophene, indole, azaindole, oxazole, thiazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, Nmethylimidazole,
pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyrrole, N-methylpyrrole, pyrazole, Nmethylpyrazole,
1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-triazoIe, l-melhyl-l,2,4-triazole, 1 H-tetrazole, Imethyltetrazole,
benzoxazole, benzothiazole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzisoxazole,
benzimidazole, N-methylbenzimidazole, azabenzimidazole, indazole, quinazoline, quinoline,
and isoquinoline, Bicyclic aromatic heteroaryl groups include phenyl, pyridine, pyrimidine or
pyridizffic rings that are (a) fused to a 6-membered aromatic (unsaturated) heterocyclic ring
having one nitrogen atom; (b) fused to a 5- or 6-membered aromatic (unsaturated) heterocyclic
ring having two nitrogen atoms; (c) fused to a S-membered aromatic (unsaturated) heterocyclic
ring having one nitrogen atom together with either one oxygen or one sulfur atom; or (d) fused to
a S-membered aromatic (unsaturated) heterocyclic ring having one heteroatom selected from O.
N or S. Specifically included within the definition of "heteroaryl" are those aromatic groups
that are optionally substituted. Accordingly, the heteroaryl groups (e.g,, furanyl, thienyl,
benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, indolyl, pyrazolyl, and oxazolyl) described herein refer to both
unsubstituted or substituted groups. In representative embodiments of the present invention, the
"heteroaryl" groups are optionally substituted with from 1 to S substituents selected from the
group consisting of acyloxy, hydroxy, acyl, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of I to 6 carbon
atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, alkynyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, Cj-Ce cycloalkyl, -(CHj)pCj-
Cfi cycloalkyl, Ci-Cj perfluoroalkyi, Q-Cj perfluoroalkoxy, -(CH2)p-phenyl) -O(CH2)Pphenyl,
amino, amino substituted by one or two alkyl groups of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
aroinoacyl, acylamino, azido, cyano, halo, nitro, thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
substituted thioalkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and trihalomethyl. In some embodiments of
the present invention, the "heteroaryl" groups can be optionally substituted with from 1 to 3
groups selected from d-Ce alkyl, d-Q alkoxy, hydroxy, Ca-C* cycloalkyl, -(CHzVCj-Ce
cycloalkyl, halogen, C|-Cj perfluoroalkyi, Ci-Ca perfluoroalkoxy, -(CH2)P-phenyl, and -
O(CH2)p-phenyl. In these embodiments, the phenyl group of -(CHjJp-phenyl and -2H.
In some compounds of the present invention, the phenyl or benzyl groups of Rj
are optionally substituted with from 1 to 3 groups selected from Q-Q alkyl, C|-C6 alkoxy,
hydroxy, Cs-Cscycloalkyl, -(CH2>p-t3-C6cycloalkyl, halogen, Ci-Cj perfluoroalkyl, Ci-Ca
perfluoroalkoxy, -e«Hiaue up>iioipacaiieie«.pwwu«K»r-vials or ampoules and preferably in capsule or tablet form.
The active compound present in these unit dosage forms of the composition can be present in an
amount of, for example, from about one gram to about fifteen grams or more, for single or
multiple daily administration, according to the particular need of the patient. By initiating the
treatment regimen with a minimal daily dose of about one gram, the blood levels of PAI-1 and
the patients symptomatic relief analysts can be used to determine whether a larger or smaller
dose is indicated. Effective administration of the compounds of this invention can be given at an
oral dose of, for example, from about 0.1 mg/kg/day to about 1,000 mg/kg/day. Preferably,
administration will be from about 10/mg/kg/day to about 600 mg/kg/day, more preferably from
about 25 to about 200 mg/kg/day, and even more preferably from about SO mg/kg/day to about
100 mg/kg /day. In some embodiments, a daily dosage of from about 1 mg/kg to about 250
mg/kg is provided.
The compounds of Formula 1-7 can also be solvated, especially hydrated.
Hydration can occur during manufacturing of the compounds or compositions comprising the
compounds, or the hydration can occur over time due to the hygroscopic nature of the
compounds
In certain embodiments, the present invention is directed to prodrugs of
compounds of formulas 1-7. The term "prodrug," as used herein, means a compound that is
convertible in vivo by metabolic means (e.g. by hydrolysis) to a compound of formulas 1-7.
Various forms of prodrugs are known in the art such as those discussed in, for example,
Bundgaard, (ed.), Design of Prodrugs, Elsevier (1985); Widder, et al. (ed.), Methods in
Enzymology, vol. 4, Academic Press (1985); Krogsgaard-Larsen, et al., (ed). "Design and
Application of Prodrugs, Textbook of Drug Design and Development, Chapter 5,113-191
(1991), Bundgaard, etai, Journal of'Drug Delivery Reviews, 8:1-38(1992), Bundgaard,/ of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, 77:285 et seq. (1988); and Higuchi and Stella (eds.) Prodrugs as Novel
Drug Delivery Systems, American Chemical Society (1975).
F. KITS
Pharmaceutical dosage forms comprising a compound of the present invention can be
placed in an appropriate container and labeled for treatment of a PAI-1 related disorder, e.g..
leukemia. Additionally, another pharmaceutical comprising at least one other therapeutic agent
useful in the treatment of the PAI-1 related disorder can be placed in the container as well and
labeled for treatment of the indicated disease. For administration of Pharmaceuticals comprising
oxazolo-naphthy) acids, such labeling would include, for example, instructions concerning the
amcfcmV tttequfeftfiy iMiWmcWtftf 01 iBUrtiinistration. Similarly, for administration of multiple
Pharmaceuticals provided in the container, such labeling would include, for example, instructions
concerning the amount, frequency and method of administration of each dosage form.
EXAMPLES
Example 1: Synthesis of 5-{{[6-(2-phenyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-
naphthyl|oxy}methyl)-l//-tetraazole.
Step 1:2-Bromo-l-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethanone.
Phenyltrimethylammoniun tribromide (9.45 g, 25.1 mmol) was added under nitrogen in portions
over approximately 2 h to a solution of l-(6-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-elhanone (5.05 g, 25.2
mmol) in 50 mL of anhydrous THF at room temperature. After the addition the reaction was
stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. and then 250 mL of cold water was added. The solid
present was collected by filtration, rinsed with 50 mL of water and dried under reduced pressure
to give 6.66 g of a tan solid. Recrystallization of the solid from isopropyl alcohol gave 2-bromol-(
6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethanone (4.07 g, 58%) as a brown solid, mp 109-112°C. Elemental
Analysis for CoHuBrOzCalc'd: C, 55.94; H, 3.97; N, 0.00. Found: C, 56.03; H, 3.94; N, 0.00.
Step 2: Di(tert-butyl) 2-(6-metho)cy-2-naphthy))-2-oxoetbylimidodicarbonate.
Sodium hydride (1.88 g of a 60% dispersion in mineral oil, 47.0 mmol) was added under
nitrogen to a solution of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (7.79 g, 35.9 mmol) in 100 mL of anhydrous
DMF at room temperature. After the addition the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2
h. 2-Bromo-l-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethanone (10.01 g, 35.9 mmol), prepared in the previous
step, was then added all at once and the stirring continued at room temperature for 4 h. The
reaction was quenched by the addition of 1 N HC1 and then partitioned between 1 N HC1 and
ethyl acetate. The layers were separated. The organic layer was extracted five times with water,
dried (MgSCU), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 15.24 g of a
yellow foam. Purification of the yellow foam on 1 Kg of silica gel (230-400 mesh) using 4:1
hexane:ethyl acetate as the eluent gave 11.55 g of an off-white solid. Recrystallization of the
solid from isopropyl alcohol gave di(te«-butyl) 2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-
oxoethylimidodicarbonate (4.73 g, 32%) as a white solid, mp 126-128°C. Elemental Analysis
for C2jH29NO6Calc'd: C, 66.49; H, 7.04; N, 3.37. Found: C, 66.46; H, 7.09; N, 3.35.
Step 3: 2-(6-Methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-2-oxo-ethyl-ammonium; chloride. A
solution of 200 mL of ethyl acetate saturated with anhydrous hydrogen chloride was added under
nitrogen to a solution of di(tert-butyl) 2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethylimidodicarbonate
(3.00 g, 7.23 mmol), prepared in the previous step, in 100 mL of ethyl acetate at room
33
c' AR8rtS8%ddltS*rt ffiWeaction was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. The solid
present was collected by filtration, rinsed with ethyl acetate and dried under reduced pressure to
give 2-(6-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-2-oxo-ethyl-ammonium; chloride (1.66 g, 91%) as a white
solid, mp 216-219°C. Elemental Analysis for C|3H|3NO2 HC1: Calc'd: C, 62.03; H, 5.61; N,
5.56. Found: C, 62.10; H, 5.49; N, 5.45.
Step 4: Ar-|2-<6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]benzamide. Triethylarmne
(1.30 mL, 9.36 mmol) in 50 mL of methylene chloride was added under nitrogen dropwise over
5.5 h to a suspension of 2-(6-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-2-oxo-ethyl-ammonium; chloride (1.01
g, 4.68 mmol), prepared in the previous step, and benzoyl chloride (543 uL, 4.68 mmol) in 50
mL of methylene chloride at room temperature. After the addition the reaction was stirred at
room temperature for 19 h. The reaction was extracted two times with 1 N HC1, dried (MgSO*),
filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 1.37 g of a yellow solid.
Recrystallization of the solid from isopropyl alcohol gave JV-[2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-
oxoethyljbenzamide (1.04 g, 70%) as a white solid, mp 172-174°C. Elemental Analysis for
CjoHnNOj: Calc'd: C, 75.22; H, 5.37; N, 4.39. Found; C, 75.09; H, 5.26; N, 4.38
Step 5: 5-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-phenyH^-oxazole. A suspension of N-
[2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]benzamide (667 mg, 2.09 mmol), prepared in the
previous step, in 20 mL of phosphorus oxychloride was refluxed under nitrogen for 3 h. The
phosphorus oxychloride was removed under reduced pressure to give 940 mg of a yellow solid.
Purification of the solid on 300 g of silica gel (230-400 mesh) using 2% ethyl acetate in
methylene chloride as the eluent gave 5-(6-methoxy'2-naphthyl)-2-phenyl-l,3-oxazolc (584 mg,
93%) as a light brown solid, mp 149-151°C. Elemental Analysis for CjoHisNOz: Calc'd: C,
79.72; H, 5.02; N, 4.65. Found: C, 79.38; H, 5.06; N, 4.58.
Step 6: 6-(2-PhenyM,3-oxazoN5-yI)-2-naphthol. A suspension of 5-(6-
methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-phenyl-l,3-oxazole (433 mg, 1.44 mmol), prepared in the previous step,
in 20 mL of glacial acetic acid plus 12 mL of 48% aqueous HBr was stirred under nitrogen at
120°C for 3 h. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The residue was taken up in
10% methanol in methylene chloride and then made basic by the addition of an excess of 5%
NaHCOs. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer extracted three times with methylene
chloride. The combined extracts were dried (MgS(>4), filtered and the solvent removed under
reduced pressure to give 6-(2-phenyl-l ,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthol (398 mg, 96%) as a light
brown solid, mp 235-238°C. Elemental Analysis for CuHuNOj: Calc'd: C, 79.43; H, 4.56; N,
4.87. Found: C, 78.39; H, 4.76; N, 4.71.
f6-p!*WElllf5'*%3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-napbthyl]oxy}acetonitrHe. A mixture
of 6-(2-phenyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthol (316 rag, 1.10 mmol), prepared in the previous step,
bromoacetonitrile (92 uL, 1.32 mmol) and potassium carbonate (761 mg, 5.51 mmol) in 15 mL
of DMF was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 17 h (overnight). By TLC starting
material remained. An additional 38 uL (0.55 mmol) of bromoacetonitrile was added and the
mixture stirred at room temperature for 23 h. An additional 76 uL (1.10 mmol) of
bromoacetonitrile was added and the mixture stirred at room temperature for 7 h. The reaction
was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. If an emulsion forms it can be separated by the
addition of saturated NaCl. The layers were separated and the organic layer extracted five times
with water, dried (MgSO<), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 367
mg of a brown solid. Purification of the solid on 200 g of silica gel (230-400 mesh) using 1 %
ethyl acetate in methylene chloride as the eluent gave {[6-(2-phenyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-
naphthyl]oxy}acetonitrile (276 mg, 77%) as a tan solid, 164-166°C. Elemental Analysis for
C2iH|4N2O2: Calc'd: C, 77.29; H, 4.32; N, 8.58. Found: C, 76.42; H, 4.38; N:8.58.
Step 8: 5-({(6-(2-Phenyl-lr}-oxazol-S-yl)-2-naphthylJoxy}methyl)-l//-
tetraazole. A mixture of {[6-(2-phenyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthyl]oxy}acetonitrile (187 mg,
0.574 mmol), prepared in the previous step, sodium azide (113 mg, 1.74 mmol) and ammonium
chloride (92.7 mg, 1.73 mmol) in 10 mL of DMF was stirred under nitrogen at 100°C for 4.5 h.
The reaction was diluted with 10 mL of water, made basic by the addition of 1 mL of 1 N NaOH
and extracted five times with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was acidified by the addition of 1
N HC1. The solid that precipitated was collected by filtration, rinsed with water and dried under
reduced pressure to give the title compound (145 mg, 65%) as an off-white solid, mp 239-241°C.
Elemental Analysis for C2|H|SN5Oj + 0.44 HZO: Calc'd: C, 66.85; H, 4.24; N, 18.56. Found:
C, 66.36; H, 4.34; N, 18.41.
Example 2: Synthesis of 5-|({6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazoK(iylj-
2-naphthyI}oxy)methyl)-l#-tetraazole.
Stepl: 2-Butyl-benzofuran-3-carboxylicacid. Oxalyl chloride (9.9 mL, 113
mmol) in 50 mL of anhydrous carbon disulfide was added under nitrogen at room temperature to
a suspension of aluminum chloride (18.2g, 136 mmol) in 400 mL of anhydrous carbon disulfide.
After the addition the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes. 2-Butylbenzofuran
(20.0 mL, 113 mmol) in 50 mL of anhydrous carbon disulfide was then added
dropwise over 30 minutes. After the addition the reaction was refluxed for 2 h. After cooling to
room temperature 50 mL of 1 N HC1 was added dropwise to the reaction (exotherm). The
sludge. The sludge was extracted with methylenc
chloride, combined with the carbon disulfide solution and the solvent removed under reduced
pressure. The residue was partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic layer
was separated and the aqueous layer extracted two times with methylene chloride. The
combined extracts were dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure.
The residue was dissolved in 300 mL of THF plus 300 mL of I N NaOH and the mixture stirred
at room temperature for 16 h (overnight). The THF was removed under reduced pressure and the
residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The emulsion that formed was
separated by the addition of saturated NaCI. After separating the organic layer the aqueous layer
was extracted two times with methylene chloride. The aqueous layer was filtered to remove
some suspended solid and then partitioned with 10% MeOH-CHjCh and acidified with 1 N HC1.
The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer extracted two times with 10% MeOHCHaClj.
The combined extracts were dried (MgSO«) and the solvent removed under reduced
pressure to give 2-butyl-benzofuran-3-carboxylic acid (11.50g, 47%) as a dark yellow solid, mp
106-110°C. Elemental Analysis for CijHuCb Calc'd: C, 71.54; H, 6.47; N, 0.00. Found: C,
70.79; H, 6.45; N, 0.01.
Step 2: 2-Butyl-benzofuran-3-carbonyl chloride. Oxalyl chloride (6 mL, 68.8
mmol) was added under nitrogen at room temperature to a solution of 2-butyl-benzofuran-3-
carboxylic acid (3.00 g, 13.7 mmol), prepared in the previous step, in 40 mL of methylene
chloride. After the addition 10 uL of DMF was added and the reaction stirred at room
temperature for 3 h. The solvent and the excess oxalyl chloride were removed under reduced
pressure. To remove any residual oxalyl chloride the residue was taken up in benzene and then
concentrated under reduced pressure to give 2-butyl-benzofuran-3-carbonyl chloride (3.00 g,
92%) as a white solid that was used in the next step without additional purification.
Step 3: 2-Butyl-jV-[2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxocthyl]-l-benzofuran-3-
carboxamide. Triethylamine (3.9 mL, 27.8 mmol) in 50 mL of methylene chloride was added
under nitrogen dropwise over 3 h to a suspension of 2-(6-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-2-oxo-ethylammonium;
chloride (3.14 g, 14.5 mmol), prepared in step 3 of Example 1, and 2-butylbenzofuran-
3-carbonyl chloride, prepared in the previous step, in 150 mL of methylene chloride
at room temperature. After the addition the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 16 h.
The reaction was extracted two times with 1 N HC1, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent
removed under reduced pressure to give 5.17 g of a yellow solid. Purification of the solid on a
Biotage KP-SIL 60 A column using methylene chloride as the eluent gave 2*butyl-jV-[2-(6-
(4.05 g, 77%) as a light yellow
solid, mp 129-131°C. Elemental Analysis for C^HzsNCU Calc'd: C, 75.16; H, 6.06; N, 3.37.
Found: C, 74.76; H, 6.21; N, 3.03.
Step 4: 2-{2-ButyH-benzofuran-3-yl)-5-(6-meUioxy-2-naphthyl)-l ^J-oxazole.
A suspension of 2-butyl-^-[2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]-l-benzofuran-3-carboxamide
(3.01 g, 7.23 mmol), prepared in the previous step, in 75 mL of phosphorus oxychloride was
refluxed under nitrogen for 4 h. The phosphorus oxychloride was removed under reduced
pressure to give 2.67 g of a yellow solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 300
g column using 1:1 hexane:methylene chloride as the eluent gave 2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-
5-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-l,3-oxazole (2.02 g, 70%) as a yellow solid, mp 169-171°C.
Elemental Analysis for C26HzjNO3: Calc'd: C, 78.57; H, 5.83; N, 3.52. Found: C, 78.02; H,
5.74; N, 3.27.
Step 5: 6-(2-(2-Butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthol. A
suspension of 2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-5-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-l,3-oxazole (1.82 g, 4.58
mmol), prepared in the previous step, in 85 mL of glacial acetic acid plus 50 mL of 48% aqueous
HBr was stirred under nitrogen at 120°C for 4 h. The volatiles were removed under reduced
pressure. The residue was taken up in 10% methanol in methylene chloride and then made basic
by the addition of an excess of 5% NaHCOj. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer
extracted three times with methylene chloride. The combined extracts were dried (MgSO4),
filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 6-[2-(2-butyl-I-benzofuran-3-
yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthol (1.49 g, 85%) as apale yellow solid, mp 184-186°C. Elemental
Analysis for C25H2lNOj Calc'd: C, 78.31; H, 5.52; N, 3.65. Found: C, 77.35; H, 5.39; N, 3.48
Step 6: ({H2-(2-Butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-U-oxazoI-5-yl]-2-
naphttryl}oxy)acetonitrile. A mixture of 6-[2-(2-buryl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthol (1.29 g, 3.37 mmol), prepared in the previous step, bromoacetonitrile (282 uL, 4.05
mmol) and of potassium carbonate (2.33g, 16.8 mmol) in 100 mL of DMF was stir under
nitrogen overnight at room temperature. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate, extracted
three times with water, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was removed under reduced
pressure to give ({6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile
(I.12g, 79%) as a white solid, mpl27-127°C. Elemental Analysis for C27H22N2O3 Calc'd: C,
76.76; H, 5.25; N, 6.63. Found: C, 76.53; H, 5.22; N, 6.59.
Step 7: 5-|({HM2-Butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-J,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-
naphthyl}oxy)methylj-l/f-tetraazole. A mixture of ({6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-1,3-
oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile (504 mg, 1.19 mmol), prepared in the previous step,
sodftnu-aaioe &S9 ttg?'*5^:rM^PF:aat ammonium chloride (191 mg, 3.56 mmol) in 15 mL of
DMF was stirred at 100°C for 5 h. By TLC starting material remained. Additional sodium azide
(230 mg, 3.54 mmol) and ammonium chloride (189 mg, 3.52 mmoi) were added and the reaction
stirred at 1008C for two hours. Again by TLC starting material remained. Additional sodium
azide (232 mg, 3.54 mmol) and ammonium chloride (191 mg, 3.55 mmol) were added and the
reaction stirred at 100°C for two hours. The reaction was diluted with water, made basic by the
addition of IN NaOH and extracted three times ethyl acetate The aqueous layer was acidified
with IN HCI. The solid that formed was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure
to give the title compound (308 mg, 56%) as a white solid, mp 238-240°C. Elemental Analysis
forC27H23NjO3Calc'd: C, 69.66; H, 4.98; N, 15.04. Found: C, 69.51; H, 4.99; N, 15.1
Example 3: Synthesis of 2-({6-|2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-
yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropano!c acid.
Step 1: Methyl 2-({6-|2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl|-2-
napbthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoate, A mixture of 6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l ,3-
oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthol (301 mg, 0.784 mmol), prepare in step 5 of Example 2,3-phenyl-2-
trifluoromethanesulfonyloxvpropionic acid methyl ester (376 mg, 1.2 mmol) and cesium
carbonate (512 mg, 1.57 mmol) in 50 mL of acetone was stirred under nitrogen at room
temperature for 18 h (overnight). The acetone was removed under reduced pressure and the
residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic layer was separated and
the aqueous layer extracted two times with methylene chloride. The combined extracts were
dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 434 mg of a
yellow solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotagc KP-SIL 60 A 40+M 90g column using 98%
CH2Cl2-Ethyl Acetate as the eluent gave methyl 2-( {6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l ,3-
oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoate (377 mg, 88%) as a light yellow solid, mp
122-124°C. Elemental Analysis for C35H3|NOs Calc'd: C, 77.05; H, 5.73; N, 2.57. Found: C,
76.42; H, 5.80; N, 2.33.
Step 2: 2-({6-(2-(2-Butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-M-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoic acid. A mixture of methyl 2-({6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-
3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoate(346 mg, 0.633 mmol), prepared in
the previous step, and 1 N NaOH (1.26 mL, 1.26 mmol) in 50 mL of THF was stirred at room
temperature for 18 h (overnight). The reaction was acidified by the addition of 1.4 mL of IN HCI
and then concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the THF. The yellow solid that formed
was collected by filtration, rinsed with water and dried under reduced pressure to give the title
corriptrtind ^Otfftl^ "»%'} B»W)«SinS*tfsolid, rap 174-177°C. Elemental Analysis for C34H29NO5
+ 0.039 H2O Calc'd: C, 76.72; H, 5.51; N, 2.63. Found: C, 75.36; H, 5.48; N, 2.44.
Example 4: Synthesis of
napbtbyl}oxy)acetlc acid.
Step 1 : Methyl ({6-l2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetate. A mixture of 6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthol (306 mg, 0.792 mmol), prepare in step 5 of Example 2, methyl bromoacetate (75 fiL,
0.792 mmol) and potassium carbonate (556 mg, 4.02 mmol) in 35 mL of DMF was stirred under
nitrogen at room temperature for 19 h (overnight). The reaction was partitioned between ethyl
acetate and water. The organic layer was separated and extracted three times with water. The
combined extracts were dried (MgSO<), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure
to give methyl ({6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphlhyl}oxy)acetate (364
mg, 96%) as a yellow solid, mp 149-151°C. Elemental Analysis for C2gH25NC>5 Calc'd: C,
73.83; H, 5.53; N, 3.07. Found: C, 73.55; H, 5.72; N, 3.08.
Step 2: ({6-[2-(2-Butyl-l-benzofuran-3-ylH,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetic acid. A mixture of methyl ({6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-
5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)acetate (295 mg, 0.647 mmol), prepared in the previous step, and IN
NaOH (1.3 mL, 1 .3 mmol) in 35 mL of THF and 20 mL of H2O was stirred under nitrogen at
room temperature for 14 h (overnight). The reaction was acidified by the addition of 1 .4 mL of
IN HC1 and then concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the THF. The yellow solid that
formed was collected by filtration, rinsed with water and dried under reduced pressure to give the
title compound (237 mg, 93%) as a yellow solid, mp 214-216° C. Elemental Analysis for
Calc'd: C,73.46;H,5.25;N,3.17. Found: C, 73.00; H, 5.49; N, 3.02.
Example 5: Synthesis of 2-{{6-(2-(l-benzy[~ltf-indol-3-yl)-],3-oxazoI-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoicacid
Stepl: l-Benzl-lH-indole-3-carbonyl chloride, Oxalyl chloride (5.1 mL, 58.5
mmol) was added under nitrogen to a solution of l-benzylindole-3-carboxylic acid (3.00 g, 11.9
mmol) in 200 mL of methylene chloride at room temperature. After the addition the reaction
was allowed to stir at room temperature for 3 h. The solvent and excess oxalyl chloride were
removed under reduced pressure. To remove any residual oxalyl chloride the residue was taken
up in benzene and then concentrated under reduced pressure to give 1 -benzl-1 H-indole-3-
cartfc^a"Jfo6fW5R;Pft%,'''95!!'»f Wtfvrfiite solid that was used in the next step without additional
purification.
Step 2: !-B«nryl-iV-l2-{6-mcthojty-2-B8ph.l^-oxaw)l-2-yl|-l//-indole IBenzyl-
W-[2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]-l//-indole-3-carboxamide (4.31g, 9.61 mmol),
prepared in the previous step, in 200 ml of POClj was refluxed for 4 h.. As the reaction cooled to
room temperature a solid precipitated. The solid was collected by filtration and then allowed to
air dry overnight The solid was taken up in 90% CH2Clj/CHjOH, extracted three times with 5%
NaHCO), dried (MgSCM, filtered and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give 1-
benzyl-3-[5-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-l,3-oxazol-2-y]]-l//-indole (3.09g, 75%) as an off-white
solid, mp 198-199*C. Elemental Analysis for €2*1122^02 Calc'd: C, 80.91; H, 5.15; N, 6.51.
Found: C, 78.79; H, 5.25; N, 6.16.
Step 4: 6-|2-(l-B«nzyH//-!ndol-3-yi)-l^-oxazol-5-yl|-2-napbthol. 1-Benzyl-
3-{5-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-l,3"Oxazol-2-yl]-ltf-indole (2.94g, 6.83 mmol), prepared in the
previous step, in 200 mL of glacial acetic acid plus 100 mL of 48% aqueous HBr was stirred
under nitrogen at 120° C for 5 h. After cooling to room temperature die solid present was
collected by filtration and allowed to air dry overnight. The solid was taken up in 1200 mL of
methanol and then heated to 6S°C to allow the solid to go into solution. Once all of the solid was
in solution 200 mL of 5% NaHCO] was added to the flask, which caused a solid to precipitate
out of solution. The solid was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to give
2.74 g of a brown solid. Purification of the solid on a Bioiage KP-SIL 60 A 65+M 300g column
using 95% methylene chloride-ethyl acetate as the cluent gave 6-[2-(l -benzyl- l//-indol-3-yl)-
40
as a light brown solid, mp 242-244° C. Elemental
Analysis for CMoNiOi Calc'd: C, 80.75; H, 4.84; N, 6.73. Found: C, 80.05; H, 4.99; N, 6.56.
Step 5: Methyl 2-({6-l2^1-benzyl-lJ:f-fadol-3-yl)-l>3-oxazol-5-yll-2-
naphthyl}oxy)-3-pbenylpropanoate. A mixture of 6-[2-(l-benzyl-l#-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-
yl]-2-naphthol (31 Img, 0.699 mmol), prepared in the previous step, 3-phenyl-2-
trifluoromethanesulfonyloxypropionic acid methyl ester (331 mg, 1.06 mmol) and cesium
carbonate (456 mg, 1.4 mmol) in 40 mL of acetone was stirred under nitrogen at room
temperature for 21 b (overnight). The acetone was removed under reduced pressure and the
residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic layer was separated
the aqueous layer extracted two times with methylene chloride. The combined extracts were
dried (MgSOO, filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 447 mg of a tan
solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 40+M 90g column using 98%
methylene chloride-ethyl acetate as the eluent gave methyl 2-({6-[2-(l-benzyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-
l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoate (167 mg, 41%) as tan solid, mp 188-
190°C. Elemental Analysis for CjgHboNzCv Calc'd: C, 78.87; H, 5.23; N, 4.84. Found: C,
77.20; H, 5.36; N, 4.35.
Step 6: 2-({6-I2-(l-Benzyl-]/Aindo]-3-ylHt3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)-3-
pbenylpropanoic acid. A mixture of methyl 2-({6-[2-(l-benzyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-
yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoate (117 mg 0.202 mmol), prepared in the previous step,
and 1 N NaOH (400 uL, 0.4 mmol) in 20 mL of THF was stirred at room temperature for 16
(overnight). The reaction was acidified by the addition of 500 uL oflN HC1 and then
concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the THF. The yellow solid that formed was
collected by filtration, rinsed with water and dried under reduced pressure to give the title
compound (102 mg, 90%) as a dark yellow solid, mp 125-127°C. Elemental Analysis for
C37H28N2O4 + 0.17 mole of H2O Calc'd: C, 78.28; H, 5.03; N, 4.93. Found: C, 76.56; H, 5.59;
N, 4.37.
Example 6: Synthesis of ({6-[2-(l-benzyH//-indol-3-yl)-l ,3-oxazol-S-yl]-2-
naphtbyl}oxy)acetic acid.
Step 1: Methyl ({6-[2-(l-benzyl-ltf-indok3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl|-2-
uaphthyl}oxy)acetate. A mixture of 6-[2-(l-benzyl-l/f-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthol
(320 mg, 0.743 mmol), prepared in step 4 of Example 5, methyl bromoacetate (71 uL, 0.75
mmol) and potassium carbonate (516 mg, 3.73 mmol) in 35 mL of DMF was stirred under
nitrogen at room temperature for 16 h (overnight). The reaction was partitioned between ethyl
acetatfenand wat«t?flPHtf:6rgd«i£4i^«Kwiis separated and extracted multiple times with water, dried
(MgSCU), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 341 mg of a yellow
solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 40+M 90g column using methylene
chloride as the eluent gave methyl ({6-[2-(l-benzyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetate (317 mg, 98%) as a white solid, mp 204-207°C. Elemental Analysis for
C3|H24N20« Calc'd: C, 76.21; H, 4.95; N, 5.73. Found: C, 72.58; H, 5.45; N, 4.91.
Step 2: ({6-(2-(l-Benzyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetic acid. A mixture of methyl ({6-[2-(l-benzyl-l/Mndol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-
yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)acetate (271 mg, 0.555 mmol), prepared in the previous step, and IN NaOH
(1.1 ImL, 1.11 mmol) in 35 mL of THF plus 20 mL of HjO was stirred at room temperature for
15 h (overnight). The reaction was acidified by the addition of 1.2 mL of IN HC1 and then
concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the THF. The white solid that formed was
collected by filtration, rinsed with water and dried under reduced pressure to give the title
compound (236 mg, 90%) as a white solid, mp 238-242°C. Elemental Analysis for CjoHazNaC^
+ 0.32 mole of H2O. Calc'd: C, 75.03; H, 4.75; N, 5.83. Found: C, 74.67; H, 5.34; N,
Example 7: Synthesis of l-benzyI-3-{5-[6-(l//-tetrazol-5-ylmethoxy)-2-
naphlhyl|-l,3-oxazol-2-yl!-l/Mndole.
Step 1: ({6-[2-{l-Benz>l-]//-indol-3-yl)-U-oxazol-5-yl|-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile. A mixture of 6-[2-(l-benzyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthol (137 mg, 0.329 mmol), prepared in step 4 of Example 5, bromoacetonitrile (28 uL,
0.402 mmol) and cesium carbonate (213 mg, 0.402 mmol) in 20 mL of acetone was stirred under
nitrogen at room temperature for 20 h (overnight). The acetone was removed under reduced
pressure and the residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic layer
was separated and the aqueous layer extracted two times with methylene chloride. The combined
extracts were dried (MgSOi), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give
({6-[2-(l-benzyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile (142 mg, 95%) as
a tan solid, mp 205-208°C. Elemental Analysis for C3oH2iN3O2 + .38 mole of CH2C12 Calc'd:
C, 74.86; H, 4.50; N, 8.62. Found: C, 73.58; H, 4.74; N, 8.32.
Step 2: l-Benzyl-3-{5-[6-(l//-tetrazol-5-ylmethoxy)-2-naphthyl]-l ,3-oxazol-
2-yl}-l//-lndole. A mixture of ({6-[2-(l-benzyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile (104 mg, 0.228 mmol), prepared in the previous step, sodium azide
(46.4 mg, 0.715 mmol) and ammonium chloride (36.9 mg, 0.69 mmol) in 10 mL of DMF was
stirred at 100°C for 5 h. Following the reaction by MS, starting material remained. Additional
soditatazide (tf^ifl^O^lafi^Jriai^jlhd ammonium chloride (37.6 mg, 0.71 mmol) were added
and the reaction stirred at 100°C for 2 h. This procedure was repeated until the MS showed that
the reaction had gone to completion (three additional times). The reaction was acidified with 10
mL of IN HCl and then diluted withlO mL of H2O. The solid that formed was collected by
filtration, rinsed with water and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (102
rag, 90%) as a tan solid, mp 244-246°C. Elemental Analysis for CsoffoNcOa + 0.31 H20 Calc'd:
C, 71.48; H, 4.52; N, 16.67. Found: C, 69.55; H, 4.55; N, 16.15.
Example 8: Synthesis of 2-({6-[2-(l-methyl-l^-indol-3-yl)-U-oxazol-5-yll-2-
naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoicacid.
Stepl: l-Methyl-lH-Indole-3-carbonyl chloride. Oxalyl chloride (5.0 mL,
57.3 mmol) was added under nitrogen to a solution of l-methylindole-3-carboxylic acid (2.00 g,
11.4 mmol) in 150 mL of methylene chloride at room temperature. A catalytic amount of DMF
(10 uL) was added and the reaction stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The solvent and excess
oxalyl chloride were removed under reduced pressure. To remove any residual oxalyl chloride
the residue was taken up in benzene and then concentrated under reduced pressure to give 1-
methyl-lH-indole-3-carbonyl chloride (2.21g, 99%) as a yellow solid that was used in the next
step without additional purification
Step 2: l-Methyl-jV-[2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]-l#-indole-3-
carboxamide. Triethylamine (3.2 mL, 22.8 mmol) in 30 mL of methylene chloride was added
dropwise over 2 h to a mixture of 2-(6-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-2-oxo-ethyl-ammonium;
chloride (2.47 g, 11.4 mmol), prepared in step 3 of Example 1, and 1 -methyl- lH-indole-3-
carbonyl chloride (2.2 Ig, 11.4 mmol), prepared in the previous step, hi 100 mL of methylene
chloride at room temperature. After the addition of the reaction was stirred at room temperature
for 16 h (overnight). The reaction was diluted with methylene chloride, extracted twice with IN
HCl, dried (MgSCu), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 1 -methyl-
N-[2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl>2-oxoethyl]-l^-indole-3-carboxamide (3.86 g, 91%) as a yellow
solid, mp 177-180°C. Elemental Analysis for C23H2oN2O3 Calc'd: C, 74.18; H, 5.41; N, 7.52.
Found: C, 72.68; H, 5.34; N, 7.29
Step 3: 3-[5-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)-13-oxazol-2-yll-l-methyH//-indole. 1-
Methyl-JV-[2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]-l//-indole-3-carboxamide (3.68 g 2.68
mmol), prepared in the previous step, in 200 mL of POCb was refluxed for 4 h. As the reaction
cooled to room temperature a solid precipitated. The solid was collected by filtration, rinsed with
10 mL of methylene chloride and dried under reduced pressure. The solid was then taken up in
80%rCH2l,3-oxazol-2-yl]-l-methyl-l//-indole (2.30 g, 6.49 mmol), prepared in the
previous step, in 100 mL of glacial acetic acid plus 50 mL of 48% aqueous HBr was stirred
under nitrogen at 120° C for 5 h. After cooling to room temperature the solid present was
collected by filtration and allowed to air-dry overnight. The solid was taken up in 1000 mL of
1:1 CHsOH/ CH2C12 and then heated to 50°C to allow the solid to go into solution. The solution
was extracted three times with a total of 500 mL of 5% NaHCOj, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the
solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 1.59 g of brown solid. Purification of the solid
on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 40+M lOOg column using methylene chloride-ethyl acetate as the
eluent gave 6-[2-(l-methyl-lH-indol-3-yl)-oxazol-5-yl]-naphthalen-2-ol (1.23g, 56%) as brown
solid, mp 188-190°C. Elemental Analysis for C2zH|6N2O2 Calc'd: C, 77.63; H, 4.74; N, 8.23.
Found: C, 75.09; H, 4.76; N, 7.71.
Step5: Methyl 2-({6-[2-(l-methyl-]//-iadol-3-yl)-U-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoate. A mixture of 6-[2-(l-methyl-lH-indol-3-yl)-oxazol-5-yl]-
naphthalen-2-ol (304 mg, 0.894 mmol), prepared in the previous step, 3-phenyl-2-
trifluoromethanesulfonyloxypropionic acid methyl ester (416 mg, 1.32 mmol) and cesium
carbonate (580 mg, 1.78 mmol) in 60 mL of acetone was stirred under nitrogen at room
temperature for 17 h (overnight). The acetone was removed under reduced pressure and the
residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic layer was separated and
the aqueous layer extracted two times with methylene chloride. The combined extracts were
dried (MgSCU), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 516 mg of a tan
solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 25+M 40g column using methylene
chloride-ethyl acetate as the eluent gave methyl 2-({6-[2-(l-methyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-
yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoate (297 mg, 66%) as a light yellow solid, mp 58-61 °C.
Elemental Analysis for C32H26N2O4 Calc'd: C, 76.48; H, 5.21; N, 5.57. Found: C, 75.74; H,
5.30; N, 5.29.
Step 6: 2-({6-[2-{l-methyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-13-oxazol-5-yl|-2-naphthyl}oxy)-3-
phenylpropanoic acid. A mixture of methyl 2-({6-[2-(l-methyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-
yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)-3-phenylpropanoate (185mg, 0.369 mmol), prepared in the previous step,
and 1 N NaOH (550 uL, 0.55 mmol) in 10 mL of THF, 10 mL of methanol and 5 mL of H2O
wasstteefl at WtottMnperafUil$&i3lfa (overnight). The reaction was acidified by the addition
of 60puL of IN HC1 and then concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the THF and the
methanol. The white solid that formed was collected by filtration, rinsed with water and dried
under reduced pressure to give the title compound (102 mg, 90%) as a white solid, mp 149-
151°C. Elemental Analysis for C3iHMN2O4+ 0.36 H2O Calc'd: C, 75.22; H, 5.03; N, 5.66.
Found: C, 75.28 ;H, 5.22; N, 5.39.
Example 9: Synthesis of ({6-|2-(l-Methyl-l//-indol-3->l)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl!-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetic acid.
Step 1: Methyl ({6-|2-(l-methyl-ltf-indoM-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetate. A mixture of 6-[2-(l-methyl-lH-indol-3-yI)-oxazol-5-yl]-naphthalen-2-
ol (289 mg, 0.843 mmol), prepared in step 4 of Example 8, methyl bromoacetate (80 uL, 0.845
rnmol) and cesium carbonate (852 mg, 2.61 mmol) in 50 mL of acetone was stirred under
nitrogen at room temperature for 19 h (overnight). The acetone was removed under reduced
pressure and the residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic layer
was separated and the aqueous layer extracted two times with methylene chloride. The combined
extracts were dried (MgSO-O, filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give
methyl ({6-[2-(l-methyl-l W-indol-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)acetate (289 mg, 90%;
as a tan solid, mp 187-189°C. Elemental Analysis for CijHjotyCM Calc'd: C, 72.80; H, 4.89;
N, 6.79. Found: C, 71.55; H, 4.86; N, 6.53
Step 2: ({6-[2-(l-Methyl-iy/-indol-3-yl)-l^-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetic acid. A mixture of methyl ({6-[2-(l-methyl-1 //-indol-3-yl)-1,3-oxazol-5-
yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)acetate (254 mg, 0.925 mmol), prepared in the previous step, and IN NaOH
(925 uL, 0.925 mmol) in 30 mL of THF, 30 ml. of methanol and 10 mL of H2O was stirred at
room temperature for 16 h (overnight). The reaction was acidified by the addition of 1.0 mL of
IN HCI and then concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the THF and methanol. The
yellow solid that formed was collected by filtration, rinsed with water and dried under reduced
pressure to give the title compound (218 mg, 89%) as a yellow solid, mp 269-272°C. Elemental
Analysis for C24H|8N2O4 Calc'd: C, 72.35; H, 4.55; N, 7.03. Found: C, 71.97; H, 4.78; N, 6.73.
Example 10: Synthesis of l-methyl-3-{5-[6-(l//-tetrazol-5-ylmethoxy)-2-
naphthyI]-l,3-oxazol-2-yl}-l//-indole.
[0138] Stepl: ({6-[2-(l-Methyl-l//-lndol-3-yl)-U-oxazoI-5-yl|.2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrfle. A mixture of 6-[2-(l -methyl- lH-indol-3-yl)-oxazol-5-yl]-
naphfHalcti-2-bl $55-7 Wg l¥63=MWI)?prepared in step 4 of Example 8, bromoacetonitnle (140
uL, 2.0 mmol) and cesium carbonate (1.06 g, 3.26 mtnol) in 20 mL of acetone was stirred under
nitrogen at room temperature for 20 h (overnight). The acetone was removed under reduced
pressure and the residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic layer
was separated and the aqueous layer extracted two times with methylene chloride. The combined
extracts were dried (MgSO«), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give
430 mg of a yellow solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 25+M 40g column
using hexane-methylene chloride as the eluent gave ({6-[2-(l-raethyl-l/f-indo1-3-yl)-l ,3-oxazol-
5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile (405 rag, 65%) as a yellow solid, mp 196-198°C. Elemental
Analysts for C24H|7NjO2Calc'd: C, 75.98; H, 4.52; N, 11.07. Found: C, 75.21 ;H, 4.29; N,
10.96.
Step 2: l-Methyl-3-{5-[6-(lfl-tetrazol-5-ylmethoxy)-2-naphthylJ-M-oxazol-
2-yl}-l/f-indole. A mixture of ({6-[2-(l-methyl-l//-indol-3-yl)-l ,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile (313 mg, 0.826 mmol), prepared in the previous step, sodium azide
(163 mg, 2.5 mmol) and ammonium chloride (134 mg, 2.5 mmol) in 20 mL of DMF was stirred
under nitrogen at 100°C for 5 h. Following the reaction by MS, starting material remained.
Additional sodium azide (165 mg, 2.6 mmol) and ammonium chloride(134 mg, 2.5 mmol) were
added and the reaction stirred at 100°C for two more hours. This procedure was repeated three
additional times until the MS showed that the reaction had gone to completion. The reaction was
acidified with 25 mL of IN HC1 and then diluted with 25 mL of H2O. The solid that formed was
collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (287 mg,
82%) as a brown solid, mp 254-256°C. Elemental Analysis for C24H|gN6O2 + 0.71 H2O Calc'd:
C, 66.23; H, 4.50; N, 19.31. Found: C, 63.15; H, 4.17; N, 18.00.
Example 11: Synthesis of 2-{[6-(2-benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthyi]oxy}-3-
phenylpropanoic acid.
Step 1: A'-[2-{7-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl|-2-phenylacetamide.
Triethylamme (4.1 mL, 29.4 mmol) in 50 mL of methylene chloride was added under nitrogen
dropwise over 2 h to mixture of 2-(6-methoxy-naphthalcn-2-yl)-2-oxo-ethyl-ammonium;
chloride (3.17 g, 14.7 mmol), prepared in step 3 of Example 1, and phenylacetyl chloride (1.97
mL, 14.9 mmol) in 100 mL of methylene chloride at room temperature. After the addition the
reaction was stirred at room temperature for 14 h (overnight). The reaction was diluted with
methylene chloride, extracted twice with IN HC1, dried (MgSQj), filtered and the solvent was
removed under reduced pressure to give 4.51 g of a white solid. Purification of the solid on a
n using 95% methylene chloride-ethyl acetate as the
eluent gave /v"-[2-(7-memoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]-2-phenylacetamide (3.47 g, 70%) as a
white solid, mp 148-1 SO'C. Elemental Analysis for C2iH|9NOj Calc'd: C, 75.66; H, 5.74; N,
4.20. Found: C, 75.09; H, 5.61; N, 4.08
Step 2: 2-Benzyl-5-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-13-oxazole. jV-[2-(7-methoxy-2-
naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]-2-phenylacetamide (3.33g, 9.99 mmol), prepared in the previous step, in
200 mL of POClj was refluxed for 4 h. After the reaction cooled to room temperature a solid
precipitated. The solid was collected by filtration and then allowed to air dry overnight. The solid
was then taken up in 80% CH2Cl2/CH3OH and was extracted three times with 5% NaHCO3>
dried (MgSCXi), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 3.32 g of yellow
solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 65+M 300g column using methylene
chloride as the eluent gave 2-benzyl-5-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-l,3-oxazole (2.97 g, 94%) as an
off-white solid, mp 122-124°C. Elemental Analysis for Cj|H,7NOz Calc'd: C, 79.98; H, 5.43;
N, 4.44. Found: C,7 9.80; H, 5.46;N, 4.34.
Step 3: 6-{2-Benzyl-l,3-oxazoI-5-yl)-2-naphthol. 2-Benzyl-5-(6-methoxy-2-
naphthyl)-l,3-oxazole (2.53 g, 7.59 mmol), prepared in the previous step, in 25 mL of glacial
acetic acid plus 10 mL of 48% aqueous HBr was stirred under nitrogen at 120°C for 10 h. After
cooling to room temperature the HBr and the acetic acid were removed under reduced pressure.
The residue was taken up in 500 mL of 90% CHjOH/ Cl^Ch, extracted three times with a total
of 250 mL of 5% NaHCOj, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was removed under reduced
pressure to give 6-(2-benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthol (2.24 g, 98%) as a brown solid, mp
200-202° C. Elemental Analysis for C2oH|$N02 Calc'd: C, 79.72; H, 5.02; N, 4.65. Found: C,
78.63; H, 5.15; N, 4.44.
Step 4: Methyl 2-{[6-(2-benzyI-l,3-oxazol-5-yI)-2-naphthyl]oxy}-3-
phenylpropanoate. A mixture of 6-(2-benzyl-l ,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthol (504 mg 1.67 mmol),
prepared in the previous step, 3-phenyl-2-trifluoromethanesulfonyloxypropionic acid methyl
ester (780 mg, 2.5 mmol) and cesium carbonate (1.08 g, 3.31 mmol) in 50 mL of acetone was
stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 15 h (overnight). The acetone was removed under
reduced pressure and the residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic
layer was separated and the aqueous layer extracted two times with methylene chloride. The
combined extracts were dried (MgSCM, filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure
to give 873 mg of a yellow solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 40+M 1
column using methylene chloride-ethyl acetate as the eluent gave methyl 2-{[6-(2-benzyl-l,3-
oxazol-5-yl>2-naphthyl]oxy}-3-phenylpropanoate (729 mg, 94%) as a light yellow solid, mp 88-
'd: C, 77.74; H, 5.44; N, 3.02. Found: C, 77.61;
H, 5.49; N, 2.81.
Step 5: 2-{[6-(2-Benzyl-l^-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthyIJoxy}-3-phenylpropanoic
acid. A mixture of methyl 2-{[6-(2-benzyl-1,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthyl]oxy}-3-
phenylpropanoate (578 mg, 1.25 mmol), prepared in the previous step, and 1 N NaOH (1.87
mL, 1.87 mmol) in 20 mL of THF, 20 mL of methanol and 10 mL of H2O was stirred at room
temperature for 16 h (overnight). The reaction was acidified by the addition of 2.0 mL of IN
HC1 and then concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the THF and the methanol. The
white solid that formed was collected by filtration, rinsed with water and dried under reduced
pressure to give the title compound (144 mg, 26%) as a white solid, mp 78-82°C. Elemental
Analysis for C^jNO* + 0.50 H2O Calc'd: C, 75.97; H, 5.28; N, 3.05. Found: C, 75.29; H,
5.02; N, 2.91.
Example 12: Synthesis of {[6-(2-benzyl-1,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-
naphthyl]oxy} acetic acid.
Step 1: Methyl {[6-(2-benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthyl]oxy}acetate. A
mixture of 6-(2-benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthol (500 mg, 1.66 mmol), prepared in step 3 of
Example 11, methyl bromoacetate (160 uL, 1.69 mmol) and cesium carbonate (1.08 g, 3.32
mmol) in 45 mL of acetone was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 16 h (overnight).
The acetone was removed under reduced pressure and the residue partitioned between methylene
chloride and water. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer extracted two times
with methylene chloride. The combined extracts were dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent
removed under reduced pressure to produce 628 mg of a white solid. Purification of the solid on
a Biotage KP-S1L 60 A 25+M 40g column using methylene chloride-ethyl acetate as the eluent
gave methyl {[6-(2-benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthyl]oxy}acetate (454 mg, 73%) as a white
solid, mp 140-142°C. Elemental Analysis for CaH,9NO4 Calc'd: C, 73.98; H, 5.13; N, 3.75.
Found: C, 73.49; H, 4.96; N, 3.45.
Step 2: {[6-(2-Benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-Daphthylloxy}acetic acid. A mixture
of methyl {[6-(2-benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yI)-2-naphthyl]oxy}acetate(401 mg, 1.07 mmol), prepared
in the previous step, and IN NaOH (1.61 mL, 1.61 mmol) in 10 mL of THF, 10 mL of methanol
and 5 mL of HjO was stirred at room temperature for 15 h. (overnight). The reaction was
acidified by the addition of 1.7 mL of IN HC1 and then concentrated under reduced pressure to
remove the THF and methanol. The tan solid that formed was collected by filtration, rinsed with
water and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (321 mg, 83%) as a tan solid,
mp fttSftPBu tlomenWuaft^feBSfi* C22HI7NO4 + 0.18 H2O Calc'd: C, 72.87; H, 4.83; N,
3.86. Found: C, 73.32; H, 4.59; N, 3.74.
Example 13: Synthesis of 5-({[6-(2-benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-
naphthyljoxy}methyl)-l//-tetraazole.
Stepl: [6-(2-Benzyl-oxazol-5-yl)-naphthaleD-2-yloxy)-acetonitrile. A
mixture of 6-(2-benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthol (646 mg, 2.14 mmol), prepared in step 3 of
Example I t , bromoacetonitrile (225 uL, 3.23 mmol) and cesium carbonate (1.40 g, 4.29 mmol)
in 30 mL of acetone was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 18 h (overnight). The
acetone was removed under reduced pressure and the residue partitioned between methylene
chloride and water. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer extracted two times
with methylene chloride. The combined extracts were dried (MgSCU), filtered and the solvent
removed under reduced pressure to give 784 mg of a white solid. Purification of the solid on a
Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 40+M lOOg column using methylene chloride-ethyl acetate as the eluent
gave [6-(2-benzyl-oxazol-5-yI)-naphthalen-2-yloxy]-acetonitrile (636 mg, 87%) as a white solid,
mp 184-187°C. Elemental Analysis for CaHi^Oz Calc'd: C, 77.63; H, 4.73; N, 8.23. Found:
C, 77.27; H, 4.65; N, 8.19.
Step 2: 5-({[6-(2-Benzyl-l>3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthyl]oxy}methyl)-l//-
tetraazole. A mixture of [6-(2-benzyl-oxazol-5-yl)-naphthalen-2-yloxy]-acetonitrile (618 mg,
1.82 mmol), prepared in the previous step, sodium azide (355 mg, 5.46 mmol) and ammonium
chloride (312 mg, 5.83 mmol) in 50 mL of DMF was stirred under nitrogen at 100°C for 5 h.
Following the reaction by MS, starting material remained. Additional sodium azide (351 mg,
5.44 mmol) and ammonium chloride (316 mg, 5.85 mmol) were added and the reaction stirred at
100°C for two more hours. The reaction was at first diluted with 10 ml of H2O, then was made
basic with IN NaOH and finally acidified with IN HC1. The solid that formed was collected by
filtration and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (568 mg, 82%) as a white
solid, mp 227-228°C. Elemental Analysis for CjjHnNjCh + 0.37 H2O Calc'd: C, 67.74; H,
4.58; N, 17.95. Found: C, 67.84; H, 4.33; N, 18.09
Example 14: Synthesis of ({6-[2-(2-napbthylmethyl)-l»3-oxazol-5-yIl-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetic acid.
Step 1: Naphthalen-2-yl-acetyl chloride. Oxalyl chloride (7.0 mL, 80.2 mmol)
was added under nitrogen to a solution of 2-naphthylacetic acid (3.00 g, 16.1 mmol) in 150 mL
of methylene chloride at room temperature. A catalytic amount of DMF (10 uL) was added and
the Itfi^iir^stiAW^tlio'rrWeliftplfWGWfe for 3 h. The solvent and excess oxalyl chloride were
removed under reduced pressure. To remove any residual oxalyl chloride the residue was taken
up in benzene and then concentrated under reduced pressure to give naphthalen-2-yl-acctyl
chloride (3.20 g, 99%) as a yellow solid that was used in the next step without additional
purification
Step 2: N-[2-(7-Methoxy-naphthnlen-2yl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-2-naphthalen-2-ylacetamide.
Triethylamine (2.0 mL, 14.3 mmol) in 15 mL of methylene chloride was added
under nitrogen dropwise over 2 h to a mixture of 2-(6-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-2-oxo-ethylammonium;
chloride (1.58 g, 7.33 mmol), prepared in step 3 of Example 1 and naphthalen-2-ylacetyl
chloride (1.5 g, 7.33 mmol), prepared in the previous step, in 55 mL of methylene chloride
at room temperature. After the addition the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 16 h
(overnight). The reaction was diluted with methylene chloride, extracted twice with IN HC1,
dried (MgSO.t), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 2.48 g of an
orange solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 40+M 100 g column using
hexane-ethyl acetate as the eluent gave N-[2-(7-methoxy-naphthalen-2yl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-2-
naphthalen-2-yl-acetamide (1.54 g 87%) as an orange solid, mp 169-173°C. Elemental Analysis
for C25H2|N03 Calc'd: C, 78.31; H, 5.52; N, 3.65. Found: C, 80.02; H, 5.64; N, 3.50.
Step 3: 5-(6-Methoxy-2-napbthyl)-2-(2-naphthylmethyl)-U-oxazole. N-[2-
(7-Methoxy-naphthalen-2yl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-2-naphthalen-2-yl-acetamide(1.28 g, 3.33 mmol),
prepared in the previous step, hi 35 mL of POClj was refluxed for 4 h. The POCb was removed
under reduced pressure and the resulting solid collected by filtration and then allowed to air dry
overnight. The solid was then taken up in 90% CrfcClj/CHaOH and extracted three times with
5% NaHCOa, dried (MgSO*), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give
1.83 g of a brown solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 40+M lOOg column
using hexane-ethyl acetate as the eluent gave 5-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-(2-naphthyhnethyl)-
1,3-oxazole (0.77 g, 64%) as a brown solid, mp 159-162°C. Elemental Analysis for CajH^NOj
Calc'd: C, 82.17; H, 5.24; N, 3.83. Found: C, 81.23; H, 5.90; N, 3.44.
Step 4: 6-[2-(2-Naphthylmethyl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthoI. 5-(6-Methoxy-
2-naphthyI)-2-(2-naphthylmethyl)-l,3-oxazole (663 mg, 1.88 mmol), prepared in the previous
step, in 70 mL of glacial acetic acid plus 25 mL of 48% aqueous HBr was stirred under nitrogen
at 120°C for 15 h (overnight). The HBr and the acetic acid were removed under reduced
pressure. The residue was taken up in 100 mL of 90% CHjOH/ ClfcCh, extracted three times
with a total of 100 mL of 5% NaHCOj, dried (MgSOo), filtered and the solvent removed under
reduced pressure to give 536 mg of an orange solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-
acetate as the eluent gave 6-[2-(2-
naphthylmethyl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthol (491 m g, 74%) as an orange solid, mp 188-191°
C. Elemental Analysis for C24H|7NO2 Calc'd: C, 82.03; H, 4.88; N, 3.99. Found: C,7 9.97; H,
5.33; N, 3.56.
Step 5: Methyl ({6-[2-(2-naphthylmethyl)-M-oxazol-5-yl)-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetate. A mixture of 6-[2-(2-naphthylmethyl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthol (317
mg 0.901 mmol), prepared in the previous step, methyl bromoacetate (85 uL, 0.898 mmol) and
cesium carbonate (587 rug, 1.8 mmol) in 20 mL of acetone was stirred under nitrogen at room
temperature for 14 h (overnight). The acetone was removed under reduced pressure and the
residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic layer was separated and
the aqueous layer extracted two times with methylene chloride. The combined extracts were
dried (MgSCM), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 343 mg of a tan
solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-S1L 60 A 25+M 40g column using methylene
chloride-ethyl acetate as the eluent gave methyl ({6-[2-(2-naphthylmethyI)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetate (238 mg, 62%) as a white solid, mp 147-149°C. Elemental Analysis for
C27H2iNO4 Calc'd: C, 76.58; H, 5.00; N, 3.31. Found: C, 76.10; H, 5.16; N, 3.23.
Step 6: ({6-[2-(2-Naphthylmethyl)-l,3-oxazoI-5-ylj-2-naphthyl}oxy)acetk
acid. A mixture of methyl ({6-[2-(2-naphthylmethyl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)acetate
(184 mg, 0.433 mmol), prepared in the previous step, and IN NaOH (650 fiL, 0.65 mmol) in 10
mL of THF, 10 mL of methanol and 5 rnL of H2O was refluxed for 2 h. The reaction was
acidified by the addition of 700 uL of IN HC1 and then concentrated under reduced pressure to
remove the THF and methanol. The white solid that formed was collected by filtration, rinsed
with water and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (175 mg, 99%) as a
white solid, mp 258-260°C. Elemental Analysis for CjeHi^NC^ + 0.20 HZO Calc'd: C, 75.61;
H, 4.73; N, 3.39. Found: C, 75.41; H, 4.91; N, 3.22
Example 15: Synthesis of 5-[({6-[2-(2-naphthylmethyl)-13-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)methylJ-lW-tetrazole.
Stepl: ((6-[2-<2-Naphthylmethyl)-M-oxazol-5-yll-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile. A mixture of 6-[2-(2-naphthylmethyl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthol
(186 mg 0.53 mmol), prepared in step 4 of Example 14, bromoacetonitrile (45 uL, 0.646 mmol)
and cesium carbonate (346 mg, 1.06 mmol) in 20 mL of acetone was stirred under nitrogen at
room temperature for 16 h (overnight). The acetone was removed under reduced pressure and the
residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic layer was separated and
the J^fi«o&S'l8^**^e5ateted*i(*tt&nes*vith methylene chloride. The combined extracts were
dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 198 mg of a
yellow solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage KP-SIL 60 A 25+M 40g column using
hexane-ethyl acetate as the eluent gave ({6-[2-(2-naphthylraethyl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yI]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile (130 mg, 63%) as a white solid, mp 155-158°C. Elemental analysis
for CuHiiN202 + 0.20 mol CH2C12 Calc'd: C, 77.24; H, 4.55; N, 6.88. Found: C, 77.03; H,
4.67; N, 6.53.
Step 2: 5-[({6-[2-(2-Naphthylmethyl)-lr3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphtbyl}oxy)methyI]-l/Metrazole. A mixture of ((6-[2-(2-naphthylmethyl)-l ,3-oxazol-5-yl]-
2-naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile (99 mg, 0.252 mmol), prepared in the previous step, sodium azide
(50.2 mg, 0.772 mmol) and ammonium chloride (40.7 mg, 0.761 mmol) in 10 mL of DMF was
stirred under nitrogen at 100°C for three hours. Following the reaction by MS, starting material
remained. Additional sodium azide (51.1 mg, 0.75 mmol) and of ammonium chloride (45.7 mg,
0.85 mmol) were added and the reaction stirred at 100°C for two more hours. This procedure was
repeated two additional times until the MS showed that the reaction went to completion. The
reaction was filtered, acidified with 5 mL of IN HC1 and then diluted with 10 mL of H2O. The
solid that formed was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to give the title
compound (75.4 mg, 69%) as a tan solid, mp 179-182°C. Elemental Analysis for C26Hi9N5O2 +
0.31molH2OCalc'd: C, 71.13; H, 4.50; N, 15.95. Found: C, 70.44; H, 4.51;N, 14.98.
Example 16: Synthesis of 5-[({l-bromo-6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-
oxazol-5-ylJ-2-naphthyl}oxy)methyl]-Lf/-tetrazole.
Step 1: l-Bromo-6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazoI-5-yll-2-
napbthol. Bromine (94 jiL, 1.82 mmol) in 25 mL of glacial acetic acid was added dropwise
over 2 h to a solution of 6-[2-(2-butyM-benzoniran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthol (696 mg,
1.82 mmol), prepared in step 5 of Example 2, in 25 mL of glacial acetic acid at room
temperature. After the addition the solid that precipitated was collected by filtration and dried
under reduced pressure to give 809 mg of a white solid. Purification of the solid on a Biotage
KP-SIL 60 A 25+M 40g column using hexane- methylene chloride as the eluent gave 1-bromo-
6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthol (137 mg, 16%) as a white solid,
mp 172-174°C. Elemental Analysis for C25H2oBrNO3 Calc'd: C, 64.95; H, 4.36; N, 3.03.
Found: C, 64.44; H, 4.39; N, 2.89.
Step 2: ({l-Bromo-6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l^-oxazol-5-ylJ-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetonitrile. A mixture of l-bromo-6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-
in the previous step, bromoacetonitrile (16 uL,
0.23 mmol) and cesium carbonate (127 mg, 0.389 mmol) in 20 mL of acetone was stirred under
nitrogen at room temperature for 15 h (overnight). The acetone was removed under reduced
pressure and the residue partitioned between methylene chloride and water. The organic layer
was separated and the aqueous layer extracted two times with methylene chloride. The combined
extracts were dried (MgSC^), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give
({l-bromo-6-[2-(2-butyl-1 -benzofuran-3-yl)-1,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl} oxy)acetonitrile (95
mg, 91%) as a brown solid, mp 144-146°C. Elemental Analysis for C27Hj|BrN2O3 Calc'd: C,
64.68; H, 4.22; N, 5.59. Found: C, 63.90; H, 4.10; N, 5.18.
Step 3: 5-|({l-Bromo-6-|2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphtnyl}oxy)methyl|-l//-tetrazole. A mixture of ({l-bromo-6-[2-{2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-
yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)acelonitrile(71 nig, 0.141 mmol), prepared in the previous
step, sodium azide (27.8 mg, 0.427 mmol) and ammonium chloride (25 mg, 0.467 mmol) in 10
mL of DMF was stirred under nitrogen at 100°C for 3 h. Following the reaction by MS, starting
material remained. Additional sodium azide (25 mg, 0.38 mmol) and ammonium chloride (25
mg, 0.467 mmol) were added and the reaction stirred at 100°C for two more hours. This
procedure was repeated four additional times until the MS showed that the reaction went to
completion. The reaction was filtered, acidified with 5 mL of IN HC1 and then diluted with 10
mL of H20. The solid that formed was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure
to give the title compound (52 mg, 67%) as a brown solid, mp 235-237°C. Elemental Analysis
for CzvHaBrNsOs + 0.23 mol H2O Calc'd: C, 59.12; H, 4.07; N, 12.77. Found: C, 59.36; H,
4.27; N, 12.23.
Example 17: Synthesis of 4-{({6-[2-(2-butyM-benzofuran-3-yl)-],3-oxazol-5-
yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)methyl] benzole acid.
Step 1: Methyl 4-[({6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-M-oxazol-5-ylJ-2-
naphthyl}oxy)methyl]benzoate. A mixture of 6-[2-(2-butyl-1 -benzofuran-3-yl)-1,3-oxazol-5-
yl]-2-naphthol (119.5 mg, 0.312 mmol), prepared in step 5 of Example 2, methyl 4-
(bromomethyl)benzoate (79.6 mg, 0.347 mmol) and cesium carbonate (180.5 mg, 0.554 mmol)
in 15 mL of acetone was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature overnight. The reaction was
concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the acetone. The residue was partitioned
between methylene chloride and water. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted three
times with methylene chloride. The combined extracts were dried (MgSOO, filtered and the
solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 127.1 mg of a tan solid. Purification of the solid
on a f i f e e s l y ^ P - S I L Flash 25+M column (40 g Silica Gel, 60 A) using
a gradient of hexane in methylene chloride as the eluents gave methyl 4-[({6-[2-(2-butyl-lbenzofuran-
3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)mcthyl]benzoate (91 mg, 55%) as a white
solid, mp 169-170°C. Elemental Analysis for Cj^^NOs Calc'd: C, 76.82; H, 5.50; N, 2.63.
Found: C, 74.48; H, 5.34; N, 2.48.
Step 2: 4-[({6-[2-(2-butyH-benzofuran-3-yl)-U-oxazol-5-yll-2-
naphthyl}oxy)methyl]benzoic acid. A mixture of methyl 4-(({6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzoftiran-3-
yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)methyl]benzoate (51 mg, 0.0096 inmol), prepared in the
previous step, and 1 N NaOH (145 \iL, 0.145 mmol) in 10 mL of THF plus 10 mL of methanol,
plus 5 mL of water was refluxed under nitrogen. The reaction was monitored by LC/MS. An
additional three aliquots of 145 uL of 1 N NaOH were added over approximately three days of
reflux. After cooling to room temperature 1 mL of 1 N HC1 was added. The solid that formed
was collected by filtration, rinsed with water and dried under reduced pressure to give the title
compound (44.3 rag, 89%) as a white solid, mp 251-254°C. Elemental Analysis for QuF^NOs'
0.10 H2O Calc'd: C, 76.31; H, 5.28; N, 2.70. Found: C, 72.79; H, 5.11; N, 2.47.
Example 18: 4-[({6-[2-(2-buryl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-lr3-oxazol-5-yl|-2-
naphthyl}oxy)methyl]isophtha!ic acid.
Step 1: Dimethyl 4-{({6-|2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l^-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)methyl]isophtbalate. A mixture of 6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-
5-yl]-2-naphthol (311.9 mg, 0.892 mmol), prepared in step 5 of Example 2, dimethyl 4-
(bromomethyl)isophthalate (256 mg, 0.892 mmol) and cesium carbonate (532.3 mg, 1.63 mmol)
in 15 mL of acetone was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature overnight. The reaction was
concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the acetone. The residue was partitioned
between methylene chloride and water. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted three
times with methylene chloride. The combined extracts were dried (MgSO«), filtered and the
solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 468.2 mg of a solid. Purification of the solid on
a Biotage Horizon™ system with a KP-SIL Flash 25+M column (40 g Silica Gel, 60 A) using a
gradient of hexane and ethyl acetate as the eluents gave dimethyl 4-[({6-[2-(2-butyl-lbenzofuran-
3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)methyl]isophthalate (202.8 mg, 42%) as a
white solid, mp 195-197°C. Elemental Analysis for CjeHjiNOr Calc'd: C, 73.33; H, 5.30; N,
2.38. Found: C, 73.16; H, 5.18; N, 2.30.
Step 2: 4-[({6-f2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l^-oxa2ol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)methyl)isophthalic acid. A mixture of dimethyl 4-[({6-[2-(2-butyl-l-
(155.1 mg, 0.263 mmol),
prepared in the previous step, and 1 N NaOH (1.55 mL, 1.55 mmol) in 100 mL of THF, plus 100
mL of methanol, plus 10 mL of water was refluxed under nitrogen for 24 h. By LC/MS starting
material remained. An additional 1.55 mL (1.55 mmol) of 1 N NaOH was added and the
reaction refluxed for an additional 24 h. After cooling to room temperature the reaction was
filtered and then acidified by the addition of 4 mL of 1 N HC1. The reaction was concentrated
under reduced pressure to remove most of the THF and methanol. The solid present was
collected by filtration, rinsed with water and dried under reduced pressure to give the title
compound (122.7 rag, 83%) as a white solid, rap 285-287°C. Elemental Analysis for Cj^NO?
' 0.11 H2O Calc'd: C, 72.46; H, 4.87; N, 2.49. Found: C, 71.71; H, 4.92; N, 2.35.
Example 19: Synthesis of 4-[({l-bromo-6-l2-(2-butyl-1-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-
oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)methyl]benzoic acid.
Step 1: Methyl 4-[({l-bromo-6-[2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-13-oxazol-5-
yl|-2-naphthyI}oxy)methyl|benzoate. A mixture of l-bromo-6-[2-(2-butyl-l -benzofuran-3-yl)-
l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthol (118 mg, 0.255 mmol), prepared in step 1 of Example 16, methyl
(bromomethyl)benzoate (64 mg, 0.279 mmol) and cesium carbonate (168.3 mg, 0.516 mmol)
15 mL of acetone was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature overnight. The reaction was
concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the acetone. The residue was partitioned
between methylene chloride and water. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted three
times with methylene chloride. The combined extracts were dried (MgSO*), filtered and the
solvent removed under reduced pressure to give 147.5 mg of a yellow solid. Purification of the
solid on a Biotage Horizon™ system with a KP-SIL Flash 25+M column (40 g Silica Gel, 60 A)
using a gradient of hexane and ethyl acetate as the eluents gave methyl 4-[({l-bromo-6-[2-(2-
butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)methyl]ben2oate (101.3 mg, 65%) as
a white solid, mp 143-145°C. Elemental analysis for C^HjgBrNOs Calc'd: C, 66.89; H, 4,62; N,
2.29. Found: C, 66.99; H, 4.77; N, 2.26.
Step 2:4-[({l-bromo-6-|2-(2-butyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl|-2-
naphthyl}oxy)methyl]benzoic acid. A mixture of methyl 4-[({l-bromo-6-[2-(2-butyl-lbenzoftiran-
3-yl)-l,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)methyl]benzoate (77.2 mg, 0.126 mmol),
prepared in the previous step, and 1 N NaOH (200 uL, 0.200 mmol) in 15 mL of THF, plus
mL of methanol, plus 5 mL of water was refluxed under nitrogen for 21 h. After cooling to room
temperature the reaction was filtered and acidified by the addition of 300 uL of 1 N HCI. The
reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove most of the THF and methanol.
ried under reduced pressure to give the title
compound (61 mg, 81%) as a white solid, mp 28 l-283°C. Elemental Analysis for CjjfyeBrNOs'
0.05 H2O Calc'd: C, 66.35; H, 4.40; N, 2.34. Found: C, 66.50; H, 4.34; N, 2.18.
Example 20: Primary Screen for the PAI-1 Inhibition.
Test compounds are dissolved in DMSO at a final concentration of lOmM, then
diluted 100X in physiologic buffer. The inhibitory assay is initiated by the addition of the test
compound (1 -100 uM final concentration, maximun DMSO concentration of 0.2%) in a pH 6.6
buffer containing 140 nM recombinant human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1;
Molecular Innovations, Royal Oak, A/7). Following a 1 hour incubation at room temperature, 70
nM of recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is added, and the combination of
the test compound, PAI-1 and tPA is incubated for an additional 30 minutes. Following the
second incubation, Spectrozyme-tPA (American Diagnostica, Greenwich, CT), a chromogenic
substrate for tPA, is added and absorbance read at 405 nm at 0 and 60 minutes. Relative PAI-1
inhibition is equal to the residual tPA activity in the presence of the test compound and PAI-1.
Control treatments include the complete inhibition of tPA by PAI-1 at the molar ratio employed
(2:1), and the absence of any effect of the test compound on tPA alone.
Example 21: Assay for determining IC$o of inhibition of PAI-1.
This assay is based upon the non-SDS dissociable interaction between tPA and active
PAI-1. Assay plates are initially coated with human tPA (10 ng/ml). Test compounds of the
present invention are dissolved in DMSO at 10 mM, then diluted with physiologic buffer (pH
7.5) to a final concentration of l-SO^M. Test compounds are incubated with human PAI-1 (50
rig/ml) for 15 minutes at room temperature. The tPA-coated plate is washed with a solution of
0.05% Tween 20 and 0.1% BSA, then the plate is blocked with a solution of 3% BSA. An
aliquot of the oxazolo-naphthyl acid/PAI-1 solution is then added to the tPA-coated plate,
incubated at room temperature for 1 hour, and washed. Active PAI-1 bound to the plate is
assessed by adding an aliquot of a 1:1000 dilution of the 33B8 monoclonal antibody against
human PAI-1, and incubating the plate at room temperature for 1 hour (Molecular Innovations,
Royal Oak, MI). The plate is again washed, and a solution of goat anti-mouse IgG-alkaline
phosphatase conjugate is added at a 1:50,000 dilution in goat serum. The plate is incubated 30
minutes at room temperature, washed, and a solution of alkaline phosphatase substrate is added.
The plate is incubated 45 minutes at room temperature, and color development is determined at
nM. The quantitation of active PAI-1 bound to tPA at varying concentrations of the test
mpound is use-ttcaeTarrmnfennaaC5o. Results are analyzed using a logarithmic best-fit
equation. The assay sensitivity is 5 ng/ml of human PAI-1 as determined from a standard curve
ranging from 0-100 ng/ml.
The compounds of the present invention inhibited Plasminogen Activator
Inhibitor-1 as summarized in Table 1.
a. The ICso was determined by the Antibody Assay as described above.
Although the foregoing invention has been described in detail by way of example
for purposes of clarity of understanding, it will be apparent to the artisan that certain changes and
modifications are comprehended by the disclosure and can be practiced without undueexperimentation within the scope of the appended claims, which are presented by illustration not limitation.documents cited above are hereby incorporated byreference in their entirety for all purposes to the same extent as if each were so individually
denoted.
WE CLAIM:
I. A compound of Formula 1:
or a soivate, hydrate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester form thereof; wherein:
Ar is aryl or heteroaryl;
R1 is hydrogen, C1-C12 alkyl, C6-14 aryl, C6-14ar(C1-6)alkyl, -(CH2)p-heteroaryl,
(CH2)p-CO-ary1, -(CH2)p-CO-heteroaryl, -(CH2)p-CO-(C1C6)alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7
alkynyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogen, or C1-C3sperfluoroalkoxy;
R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen, C1-C12 alkyl, C6-14 aryl, C6-14ar(C1-6)alkyl,
(CH2)p-heteroaryl, halogen, C1-C6 alkoxy, alkoxyaryl, nitro, carboxy(C1-C6 alkyl), carbamide,
carbamatc, or C3-C8 cycloalkyl;
R4 is -CH(R6(CH2)nR5, - C ( C H 3 , -(CH2CH^Rs, -CH^JCsR^,
CH(R5)C6H3(C02H)2. CH(R5)C6H2(C02H)3,or an acid mimic;
R5 is hydrogen, C1C6 alkyl, C6-C12 aryl,C6-`14ar(C1-6)aIkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, or
R6 is CO2H, letrazole, or PO3H;
to:o?«mnBe proviso that when b is from 1 to 6, Ar is phenyl, furanyl,
thienyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, or fluorenyl.
2. The compound of claim 1 wherein said C1-12 alkyl is unsubstituted C1-12 alkyl or C1-3
perfluoroalkyl and said C1-6 alkoxy is unsubstituted C1-6 alkoxy or C1-3perfluoroalkoxy.
3 . The compound of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein
RI is hydrogen, halogen, unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, C1-3 perfluoroalkyl, or
4. The compound of any of claims 1 to 3 wherein R2 and R3 are independent\ly hydrogen,
unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, phenyHCHzV, halogen or C1-C3 perfluoroalkyl.
5. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein R4 is
CHR5CO -CO2H, - C H R 5 , -CH2-tetrazole or an acid mimic.
6. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein R5 is hydrogen; unsubstituted phenyl;
unsubstituted benzyl; phenyl substituted with from 1 to 3 groups selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C|-
C1 alkoxy, hydroxy, C3-C6cycloalkyl, -(CH2)p-C3-C6Cycloalkyl, halogen, C1-C3 perfluoroalky],
C1-C3 perfluoroalkoxy, -(CH2)p-phenyl, and -O(CH2)p-phenyl; or benzyl substituted with from 1
to 3 groups selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, hydroxy, Cs-Cecycloalkyl, -(CH2)P-C3-C6
cycloalkyl, halogen, C1-C3 perfluoroalkyl, C1-C3\} perfluoroalkoxy, -(CH2)p-phenyl, and
7 . The compound of any one of claims 1 to 6 having Formula 3:
Formula 3
or a solvate, hydrate or pharmaceutical ly acceptable salt or ester form thereof.
8. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein b is zero.
9 . The compound of any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein R1 is hydrogen, a is zero, and b is 1.
10. The compound of claim 8 wherein b is 0 and Ar is furanyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl,
indolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, or fluorenyl.
11 . The compound of any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein Ar is phenyl, naphthyl, furanyl,
thienyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, indolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl or fluorenyl.
12 . The compound of any one of claims 1 to 6 having Formula 4:
or a solvate, hydrate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester form thereof; wherein:
R8 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, hydroxy, -(CH2)p-phenyl, -O(CH2)Pphenyl,
C3-C6 cycloalkyl, halogen; and
R11, R12 R13, RM and R15 are independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy,
hydroxy, C\3-C6 cycloalkyl, -(CH2)P-C3-C6 cycloalkyl, halogen, -(CH2)p-phenyl, or -O(CH2)pphenyl.
13 . The compound of any one of claims 1 to 6 having Formula 5:
or a solvate, hydrate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester form thereof; wherein:
l, C1-C6 alkoxy, hydroxy, -(CH2)P-phenyl, -O(CH2)Pphenyl,
C1-C6 cycloalkyl, halogen ;
RIO is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -(CH2)p-phenyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, or -(CH2)p-C3-C6
cycloalkyl, and
R11, R12, R13, R14 and RIS are independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy,
hydroxy, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, -(CH2)P-C3-C6 cycloalkyl, halogen, -(CH2)p-phenyI, or -O(CH2)Pphenyl.
14 . The compound of any one of claims 1 to 6 having Formula 6:
or a solvate, hydrate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester form thereof, wherein
RI i, Rn, Ru, Ru and R!5 are independently hydrogen, Ci-C6 alkyl, Ci-C6 alkoxy,
hydroxy, Cj-Q,cycloalkyl, -(CH2)P-C3-C6 cycloalkyl, halogen, -(CH2)p-phenyl, or --1,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)acetic acid; or a phannaceutically acceptable salt or ester form thereof.
19. The compound of claim 1 that is l-methyl-3-{5-[6-(l//-tetrazol-5-ylmelhoxy)-2-
naphthyl]-l,3-oxazol-2-yl}-l#-indole; l-benzyl-3-{5-[6-(l/f-tetrazol-5-ylmethoxy>2-naphthyl]-
l,3-oxazol-2-yl}-l//-indole;5-({[6-(2-phenyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthyI]oxy}niethyl)-l//-
tetraazole; 2-{(6-(2-benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthyl]oxy}-3-phenylpropanoic acid; {[6-(2-
benzyl-l,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-naphthyl]oxy} acetic acid; or a phannaceutically acceptable salt or
ester form thereof.
20. The compound of claim 1 that is 5-( {[6-(2-benzyl-l ,3-oxazol-5-yl)-2-
naphthyl]oxy} methyl)- W-tetraazole; 4-[( {6-[2-(2-butyl-1 -benzofuran-3-yl)-1,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)raethyl]benzoic acid; 4-[({6-[2-(2-butyl- l-benzoluran-3-yl)-l ,3-oxazol-5-yl]-2-
naphthyl}oxy)methyl]isophtha!ic acid; 4-[( {1 -bromo-6-[2-(2-butyl-1 -benzofuran-3-yl)-1,3-
oxazol-5-yl]-2-naphthyl}oxy)methyl]benzoic acid; or a phannaceutically acceptable salt or ester
form thereof.
21 . A method comprising administering a compound of any one of claims 1 to 20 to a
subject.
22 . The method of claim 21 further comprising determining a level of PAI-1 activity in a
subject
23 . The method of claim 22 wherein said determination is made before administration of
said compound.
24 . P MFriiMfiaOffola^niBiBn said determination is made after administration of said
compound.
25 . A method of modulating PAI-1 activity comprising identifying a subject in need of PAI-1
modulation and administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of formula 1:
Formula 1
or a solvate, hydrate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester form thereof; wherein:
AT is aryl or heteroaryl;
RI is hydrogen, Ci-C|2 alkyl, Q-uaryl, C6. alkyl, -(CH2)p-heteroaryl,
-(CH2)p-CO-aryl, -(CH2)p-CO-heteroaryl, -(CH2VCO-(Ci-C6)alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7
alkynyl, Cj-Cg cycloalkyl, halogen, or Ci-Csperfluoroalkoxy;
R2 and Ra are independently hydrogen, C|-C|2 alkyl, C&-I4 aryl, C6-Har(Ci^)alkyl,
-(CH2)p-heteroaryl, halogen, Ci-Ce alkoxy, alkoxyaryl, nitro, carboxy(CrCfi alkyl), carbamide,
carbamate, or Cs-Cg cycloalkyl;
-CH(R5)C6H3(CO2H)2, CH(Rs)C6H2(CO2H)3,or an acid mimic;
Rs is hydrogen, Ci-Ce alkyl, Ce-C|2 aryl, aralkyl, Cs-Cs cycloalkyl, or
-(CH2)n(R7);
R6 is C02H, tetrazole, or POjH;
26. The method of claim 25 wherein said C|-C)Z alkyl is unsubstituted d-C|2 alkyl or Ci-C3
perfluoroalkyl and said CrGs alkoxy is unsubstituted Ci-Cg alkoxy or Ci-Cj perfluoroalkoxy.
27 . The method of claims 25 or 26 wherein Ar is phenyl, naphthyl, furanyl, thienyl,
benzofiiranyl, benzothienyl, indolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl or fluorenyl.
28 . The method of claims 25 or 26 wherein b is from 1 to 6 and Ar is phenyl, furanyl,
thienyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, or fluorenyl.
29 . The method of claims 25 or 26 wherein
Ar is phenyl, naphthyl, furanyl, thienyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, indolyl,
pyrazolyl, oxazolyl or fluorenyl
Ri is hydrogen, halogen, C|-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)p- Rz and RS are independently hydrogen, Ci-Ce alkyl, phenyl-(CH2)P-, or halogen;
Ris -CHRsCO2H, -CHRjCCOzH, -CHR5C6H3(CO2H)2, -CHrtetrazole or
an acid mimic;
RS is hydrogen, phenyl, or benzyl.
30 . A method for treating impairment of the fibrinolytic system, thrombosis, atrial
fibrillation, pulmonary fibrosis, thromboembolic complication of surgery, stroke, myocardial
ischemia, atherosclerotic plaque formation, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, stroke, diabetes, alzheimer's disease, cancer, or
renal fibrosis, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective
amount a compound of formula 1 as defined in any one of claims 1 to 20 or 25 to 29:
31. The method of any one of claims 25 to 30 wherein the therapeutically effective amount
is from about 25 mg/kg/day to about 200 mg/kg/day.
32 . The method of claim 30 wherein the thrombosis is selected from the group consisting of
venous thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, cerebral thrombosis, and deep vein thrombosis.
33 . The method of claim 30 wherein the cardiovascular disease is caused by noninsulin
dependent diabetes mellitus.34. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of any one of claims I to 20 or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester form thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable
excipient or carrier.
35. The use of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 20 or 25 to 29 in the
manufacture of a medicament for treating impairment of the fibrinolytic system, thrombosis,
atrial fibrillation, pulmonary fibrosis, thromboembolic complication of surgery, stroke,
myocardial ischemia, atherosclerotic plaque formation, cardiovascular disease, chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, stroke, diabetes, alzheimer's disease,
cancer, or renal fibrosis.
36. The use according to claim 35 wherein the thrombosis is selected from the group
consisting of venous thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, cerebral thrombosis, and deep vein
thrombosis.
37. The use according to claim 35 wherein the cardiovascular disease is caused by noninsulin
dependent diabetes mellitus.
38. The invention substantially as herein desribed.