4. AN OVERVIEW

The PANels: Panoptic Analogous Neovoltaics focuses on harnessing Solar Energy. It belongs to the long
range of products which utilizes the renewable Solar Energy radiation emitted by the Sun. The Sun is an
ideal source of energy as it is renewable and can help us meet our energy requirements without posing
any threats or effects over the environment.

The product PANels is an acronym for Panoptic Analogous Neovoltaics, which in short, means an
improved version of existing Solar Panel technology using optics.

The PANels is a structure of Photovoltaic Cells which has the capacity to utilize solar energy in the most
effective way, and hence, enables the electricity production to almost double the amount of which is
being produced by present day Solar PANels.

The PANels is PV set-up which is specifically designed to increase the electricity generation per unit
area. The PANels would reduce the required area to half the area which Solar PANels usually occupy.

Thus, having a profound effect where, in a given piece of land it is possible to achieve almost double the
electricity production than the present day Solar PANels. PANels are designed to conserve space thus
providing us with an option of running a solar power plant with occupying approximately about half its
recommended area.

PANels would have a huge impact in the world since we will be able to extract more energy from the Sun and do so by conserving space where accommodation of more PANels helps increasing the production bearing capacity of an arbitrary piece of land. Solar Energy would become much popular and hold greater acceptance as the PANels would provide the option on drawing more energy in a given area. PANels is a huge boost to research where its applications in space help improve the structural design of Satellites: without worrying about allotment of space for the solar PANels aboard the satellite. PANels promises installation of efficient power plants, better satellite designs (the length of its solar wings can be effectively reduced). It enables increased electricity produced in rooftops and other production sites thus helping us resolve the energy crisis.

5. SUMMARY OF INVENTION

The PANels is capable of harnessing the huge amounts of solar energy. Being able to do so, it enables the increase of land potential for energy production. It conserves space where more PANels can be
accommodated and hence, the area can be sustainably utilized.

The PANels proves itself to be highly capable in resolving the current energy crisis. It performs these
wonders by utilizing optic manipulation to trigger fluorescence for illumination. The PANels includes PV
cells in two levels where one is placed below the other. The panel above will receive direct Sunlight as it
is superficial i.e., directly exposed. This however results in a scenario where the panel below will be cast
into the shadow formed due to the obstruction of the sunlight by the overlying panel. This problem is
overcome by illuminating the underlying region by diverting into it.

The above layer will have a slit where a cylindrical biconcave lens is placed along its lamina. The
biconcave lens diverge the incoming sunlight onto the underlying layer to facilitate electricity production.
However the intensity of this diverged beam would be relatively less and the method implemented to
overcome this situation is discussed in detail in further pages.

The light is diverted onto the underlying layer by the biconcave lens along the lamina providing it with
the apt light to establish electricity production. The underlying interface however includes more features
to increase intensity which is discussed in the specification section of this report.

This section provides an idea on the basic set-up and the interface the PANels provides. As noticed, the
area which is usually occupied by two PANels is reduced by them placing one under another thereby
reducing the space required by utilizing the area of a single panel only. In space we can have multiple
levels as we receive a much intense light. The radiation is also very high where the PANels is also
equipped to use this radiation to create artificial illumination which is further discussed in the
Specification section.

The PANels has a special feature where it utilizes florescence in its lower level to illuminate the region. It
not only absorbs the visible light but also absorbs other wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum and
emits photons. These photons are utilized to provide the underlying layer with ambient brightness and
thus facilitate production. Fluorescent materials have a high affinity to Ultra Violet rays, where, in space
we can enjoy high energy production due to the abundance of Ultra-Violet rays. Thus we can have
multiple levels and not worry about energy requirements.

The Fig 1:13 illustrates the basic light provision which is utilized by the PANels to provide its containment with electromagnetic waves.

Though the presented image is quite vague it only provides the basic idea on the methods implemented to introduce radiation into the underlying region. This radiation is utilized to trigger fluorescence and thus
provides the underlying layer with illumination.

6.DEFECTS OF PRESENT TECHNOLOGY
The current technology relies on the utilization of direct Sunlight over the Solar PANels for achieving the production of electricity. Thus these photovoltaic cells are to be placed under direct sunlight therefore occupying area and rendering the region of the land useless. These are the present day typical PANels illustrated in Fig 2:13. These PANels have to be further distributed over the ground to avoid the obstruction of sunlight caused due to the shadow cast by any of the neighboring PANels. The utility of space by solar PANels has become an issue of eminent concern where scientists are trying to tackle this problem. Their solution is to increase the efficiency of the Solar PANels by increasing the quality, by enhancing its components. For e.g. let's assume that a solar panel has an efficiency of 25% and the only way to increase the electricity production is to improve the efficiency. Doubling the efficiency to 50% would take huge amount of research and also the cost of the PANels would be really high and economically unbeneficial to invest.

If increasing the efficiency is not considered, then, to achieve a certain production, the only way, is to increase the quantity of PANels which would in-turn ends up occupying more area. Area in general is highly important since its availability is scarce. Land needs to be purchased and furthermore only a few sites have the potential for producing high electricity since most regions might experience cloud-cover and various other factors making the several regions unfit for harnessing solar energy. Very few regions experience unobstructed sunlight and it is essential to valuably utilize such areas.

There exists a technology that uses bi-convex lenses to intensify and narrow the incident sunlight. The Fig 3:13 demonstrates the principle of this technology. The use of the above stated apparatus would subject large amounts of heat onto the PANels by focusing the sunlight; hence the infrared radiation which is the major heat producing wavelength in the spectrum is highly concentrated on the PANels. This set up would hence damage the panel reducing its life and efficiency periodically which would lead to a regular replacement and therefore results in huge investments. These PANels occupy space just as the prior set up. The lens casts a penumbra (areas of partial shadow) around the panel thus rendering those areas unfit or incapable.

Since land area is a matter of great importance, the PANel offers a solution to overcome this problem. The PANels provides effective production by occupying lesser space compared to the prior arrangement.
It would bring about a change where vast expanses of land can be effectively utilized.

The PANels calls for the intervention of better technology to provide more efficiency from products for a promising tomorrow.
Houses, institutes, hospitals and other centers which are equipped with solar PANels to contribute energy towards their daily utility can now be upgraded- where their rooftops and other areas now have an option to produce almost double the energy without any expansion of space with- the introduction of the PANels. Twice the increase is a huge benefit as it provides an individual to operate more equipment and also utilize and store more energy at the end of the day.

Furthermore a temporary cloud-cover would generally render ordinary solar PANels incapable of producing ambient electricity but the PANels offers a stable electricity production since the fluorescence does not fade quickly and lingers for a period without a steep drop in its intensity. Hence the PANels is immune to temporary cloud cover and has a great potential to generate electricity even in the harshest condition.

The PANels shows several features which outdo the other panel designs. It overcomes most of the problems faced by present day solar PANels by providing the best effective way to harness solar energy.

7. IMPROVEMENT OVER CURRENT TECHNOLOGY
The world is trying to find an answer to identify the best way in harnessing solar energy. They do so by utilizing solar PANels which has proved to be useful. After its invention scientists have dedicated their
time in increasing its efficiency in order to generate more electricity. To meet the efficiency requirements the PANels often turn out to be costly since the components that are a part of these PANels are often costly and rare thus restricting people to opt for such technology since it is economically unbeneficial. These PANels furthermore are rendered ineffective during periods of partial cloud cover. The PANels proves to be an ideal choice as it eliminates obstacles faced by present day PANels. The PANels is a marvelous product equipped to overcome issues such as cloud cover. PANels being equipped with fluorescence triggered containers a partial cloud cover will not have much effect on the working of the panel. Also there will not be any steep changes in current production due to environmental obstruction. It is the due to the fact where fluorescence would not undergo sudden change in its luminosity thus providing a stable production of current.

The PANels occupies almost half the space and has the capacity to generate the same amount of electricity. When the plant faces conditions such as partial cloud cover then PANels has the edge where it would overtake in generation in half the area!

Furthermore applications in space can be highly beneficial. Aerospace agencies spend a lot of money on making a framework for solar panel where they invest in space-hardened electronics to support the conductance of the current generated by the PANels. Utilizing the PANels however will provide them with a smaller framework which reduces the use of space suited frames reducing the cost and weight, makes the satellite both light and compact hence making it easy to launch.

Furthermore the use of space hardened electronic wires would be relatively less as they are closer to the storage unit. Multiple levels provide the satellite with a compact shape or more area to utilize for extra energy production. Satellites can be equipped with technology requiring high electricity could make use of the PANels to run its equipment. Scientists would find energy in abundance and would not have to worry about energy and have the option of designing their satellite with equipment to their whimsical energy requirements.

The PANels thus provides numerous solutions and would be highly beneficial for mankind, who, with the PANels can face the energy crisis with confidence.

8. COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
This section provides a description on the components and identifying their purpose within the structure of the PANels. It also provides a basic introduction and later an operational scenario of these components functioning in the PANels.Photovoltaic cells are the primary component used in the PANels. They draw energy from sunlight when the Sun rays are directly incident upon them. A solar cell (also called photovoltaic cell or photoelectric cell) is a solid state electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. The photovoltaic effect is the creation of voltage or electric current in a material upon exposure to light. In the photoelectric effect, electrons are ejected from a material's surface upon exposure to radiation. The photovoltaic effect differs in that electrons are transferred between different bands (i.e., from the valence to conduction bands) within the material, resulting in the buildup of voltage between two electrodes. Thus we obtain a DC current which is further utilized to run appliances or stored for future use.

The PANels utilizes bi-concave lens (diverging lens) to spread the sunlight radiation into the underlying layer. The ray diagram, Fig -/."iidemonstrates the function of the lens and also illustrates the path traced by a test beam of light after undergoing refraction through the bi-concave-lens.

The PANels utilizes 90° prisms (Angle of prism= 90°) which transmit light rays laterally into the underlying containment. It uses the principle of Total Internal Reflection to divert light laterally. It holds great applications combined with the PANels in space where multiple layers can be assigned alternatively to introduce light in the underlying layer. The Fig 5:13 demonstrates the phenomenon of Total Internal Reflection and also illustrates the path traced by a beam of light after undergoing refraction through such a prism. The prism can be tilted at whole angles or right angle in order to generate optimum conditions to trigger fluorescence Fig 6:13.

Fluorescence is the property of a material to emit light after absorbing light or any other form of electromagnetic radiation. The visible spectrum in the sunlight accounts for only less than half the spectrum. Ultraviolet rays form a major portion of the Sunlight's electromagnetic spectrum. The fluorescent materials used in the PANels would obtain enough energy through the sunlight by absorbing radiations from its diverse spectrum.

Fluorescent materials have a high affinity for Ultraviolet rays and glow remarkably on the exposure which enables the use of PANels in Satellites and Space stations. Thus we can accommodate multiple levels of Photovoltaic cells due to the abundant availability of Ultraviolet rays in space. This feature is however unavailable on Earth since the Ozone Layer prevents the entry of the UV rays. The above graph in Fig 7:i3shows the penetration of Ultraviolet rays into the Earth's atmosphere. Since the availability of the UV rays is abundant it can be utilized in space. The multiple layers can be used to harness this high energy beams and therefore obtain a maximum output through fluorescence.

Fluorescent illumination is provided by the fluorescent materials. The underlying containment will be filled with florescent gas to increase the intensity per unit area. These include suitable materials of fluorescence such as manganese doped zinc sulphide (ZnS:Mn2+) nanoparticles, tritium or radon gas to fill the containment.

Fluorescent illumination is provided by the fluorescent materials coated along the ceiling of the underlying surface, Fig 8:13. It is placed so, to absorb the stray radiation and transfer the luminescence directly onto the solar PANels facing below. The underlying containment will be filled with florescent gas to increase the intensity per unit area. This is to increase the core illumination of the containment so as to direct the surface luminance directly onto the panel to provide better light intensity. This system can be very effective since the system utilizes the radiation from the invisible spectrum for emitting visible light. The fluorescence is also a great advantage where a temporary cloud cover would have no effect since the luminance would linger on and not show any steep change in the light intensity. This provides advantage over the present day solar panel where it effective overcomes difficulties faced by present technology providing it a stable current generation.

The fluorescence is triggered by intensity of radiation. It however quickly gains the energy from the radiation to transmit light throughout the containment. Usage of fluorescence in the PANels provides it with the capability of having multiple levels and still process light into the containment by optical diversion of radiation. It has no draw-backs nor afflicts any harmful effects on the PANels or the surrounding environment. The fluorescent material can be used for extensive periods as its half-life stretch over multiple decades. Use of fluorescence provides an edge over existing technology and thus enables us to utilize the solar radiation to its maximum potential.

Containment is referred to the enclosed region of underlying levels. Light here is obtained through the property of fluorescence. It is the region where light is artificially induced by the florescent materials on optical diversion of radiation. It is the underlying layer which contains a further set of PANels which absorb the light emitted by the fluorescent materials for the production of electricity. The ceiling of the container is coated with fluorescent material on either side of the biconcave lens present through the lamina. This structure receives the sunlight through the biconcave lens present along the lamina and total internal reflecting prisms (90° prisms) to introduce light laterally and act as another source of introducing radiation.

The design of the containment is provided in the Fig 9:13 to show its general structure. It is usually fitted with prisms laterally to further introduce sunlight.

The containment can be arranged in multiple levels in space since the fluorescence would be triggered even in the slightest amount of radiation due to the high presence of Ultra-Violet rays. Multiple containments would largely decrease the area required providing the satellite with apt amount of energy from a smaller allocated area.

9. DIMENSIONS

The Fig 10:13 provides a report on the design of the PANels. They include the arrangement of PANels in
their respective size ratios:

The PANels on the surface are slightly inclined (30°) to increase the surface area of light absorption. On
doing so it compensates for the space occupied by the biconcave lenses. This technology thus performs it best to conserve space and utilize it in the best possible way.

The variables expressed in the diagram show the relation between various parts and method of
arrangement. Installing the PANels in the above described method would provide it with the capacity of
producing optimum energy. The variable 'X' represents the relative ratios in which the PANels must be
constructed.

The optical instruments and the height of the containment can be adjusted accordingly so that the amount
of dispersion would be enough to scatter the sunlight within the containment. It includes the dispersive
power of the lens where the focal length is calculated to provide it with the capability to diverge the
incoming beam throughout the containment. One can, thus, obtain corresponding dimensions by fixing
the desired value of one.

The fluorescent gas is not show in the diagram but is however existent- it increases the intensity per unit
surface area of the solar PANels.

The focal length of the diverging lens can be calculated by using the lens makes formula : (n2-1)(1/R1-1/R2);

Thus the resulting dispersive power of the lens can be managed by altering the material of lens or the radii of curvature of the lens.

10. APPLICATIONS
The standard arrangement of Solar PANels in the PANels is provided in the Fig 11:13. This is the
recommended structure on Earth. The number of containments can be increased but the intensity received by the other containments would be relatively less.

Since the Earth does not receive high concentration of UV rays the fluorescent materials would require
more amount of radiation to illuminate containments. If the magnitude of containments increases the
sunlight energy would be dissipated without triggering apt amount of fluorescence. This would lead to
low electricity generation in the underlying levels.

Thus due to the above mentioned factor it is recommended to have/install a single containment. Multiple
containments can be used in space to extract more energy, but, on Earth we can install a single
containment helping to generate almost double the amount of electricity.

The arrangement can be modified with multiple levels for applications in space and to increase production potential. Multiple containments increase the output electricity to multiple folds which would be highly beneficial in space where we will be capable to harvest the maximum amount energy from a given area. The Fig 12:13 illustrates the occupancy of 8 solar PANels in place of two solar PANels. It would result in approximately 8 times the electricity production as two PANels would by utilizing existing technology. The presented diagram shows the lateral cross-section of the PANels. The fading of the primary beam through the bi-concave lenses can be noticed. But the prims arranged alternatively to receive light (in the z-coordinate, not specified in the above 2-D image) would provide the containment with the required sunlight to initiate fluorescence. Since UV rays quickly initiate fluorescence where even small quantities would be sufficient to provide illumination. Thus multiple containments can be used to harness the abundant availability of the UV rays.

1 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS LEGEND

1- Biconcave Lens
2- 90° Prism
3- Solar Panel
4- Sunlight
5- Light Emitted through fluorescence

Fig 1:13 illustrates the basic light provision which is utilized by the PANels to provide its containment with electromagnetic waves.
1- Sunlight
2- Biconcave Lens
3- Diverged Beam

Fig 2:13 represents the installation of present day solar PANels.
1- Sunlight
2- Solar Panels

Fig 3:13 demonstrates an alternative technology that uses the biconvex lenses to intensify and narrow the incident Sunlight.
1- Sunlight
2- Biconvex Lens
3- Concentrated Beam
4- Partial Penumbra

Fig 4:13 Ray diagram demonstrating the function of the lenses and illustration the path traced by a test
beam of light.

Fig 5:13 Demonstrates the phenomenon of Total Internal reflection in a prism.

Fig 6:13 Installation of the prisms inside the containment.

1- Sunlight
2- Biconcave Lens
3- 90° Prism
4- Solar Panel

Fig 7:13 Graph showing the penetration of UV rays into the Earth's atmosphere.

Fig 8:13 Diagram illustrating the position of Fluorescent materials present within the containment.
1 - Fluorescent Material
2- Light emission through fluorescence
3- Solar Panel

Fig 9:13 Lateral View of the structure of a containment.

1- Fluorescent Material
2- Biconcave Lens
Fig 10:13 The complete specification providing the respective dimensions of the PANels.
1- Sunlight
2- Biconcave lens used with desired focal length
3- The desired radius of curvature for the lens, R
4- Fluorescent Material
5- 90° Prism
6- Diverged Beam
7- Height, Dependent on focal length
8- Size"2x"
9- Size"x"
10- Size"xV3
11- Solar Panel Size "xV3+R"

Fig 11:13 Standard arrangement of Solar PANels recommended for land.
1- Sunlight
2- Biconcave Lens
3- 90° Prism
4- Solar Panel

Fig 12:13 Illustrating the multilayer arrangement of the PANels in space.
1- Sunlight
2- Biconcave Lens
3- 90° Prism
4- Fluorescent Material

Fig 13:13 Depicts the Inclined View of thePANels.

I CLAIM

The PANels is a multilevel structure utilizing optical manipulation and fluorescence to increase the efficiency of electricity production.

• Increases the land potential for solar power generation by occupying approximately half the existing area requirements.

• Highly Cost Efficient- in terms of land requirement and manufacturing rates.

• The PANels is equipped with biconcave lenses and prisms to distribute sunlight/radiation throughout its structure with minimum intensity-loss.

• The underlying interface includes application of fluorescence to provide the underlying PANels with sufficient illumination.

• The fluorescent material, present in the PANels, not only absorbs the visible light but also absorbs other wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum and emits photon. This property would provide the underlying layer with ambient luminance for the PANels.

• In space, higher energy production is achieved with the abundance of Ultra-Violet rays as the fluorescent materials have a high affinity to such radiation which, therefore, enables us to have multiple layers of PANels over a unit area.