The present invention in general relates to the field of Electric Vehicles, EV, and more particularly to a system integrating Internet of Things, IoT enabled devices on a peer-to-peer, P2P, decentralized network to provide an end to end collaborative platform for EV charging and battery swapping, maintaining and sharing records of the EV, EV's Battery and EV owner.
BACKGROUND
The auto industry has been in the spotlight of late due to increasing interest in the development of Electric Vehicles, EVs to accelerate a common good - to help the world transition from fossil fuels to zero-emission, clean, silent transportation powered by renewable electricity. The EV market is growing fast and the EV ecosystem is also evolving accordingly. On a global level, cities and countries around the world are talking about banning sales of cars powered by internal combustion engines. As more auto companies begin offering electric vehicles, the EV ecosystem grows, thereby leading to a need for efficient management of the EV supply chain, EV charging and battery swapping, billing and payment and complaint lodging in case of EV theft or accident and the corresponding insurance claim thereof.
In the midst of all this, there are different players doing different activities in the EV ecosystem. These players include Government, DISCOMS, charging and battery swapping infrastructure company, EV manufacturers, battery manufacturers, EV dealers/showrooms, EV service stations, insurance companies, EV owners etc. While everybody has a distinct set of activities to perform but collectively they form the EV ecosystem and herein after referred to as stakeholders or entities or parties of the ecosystem. There are different transactions happening in the process - like the EV ownership changes from the manufacturer to dealers to EV owners, then EV being charged regularly, EV battery being swapped whenever required, EV being serviced by service stations,

insurance claims being made if there is an accident or theft, lodging a complaint with police authorities whenever there is a theft or accident and so on.
When the ecosystem is so large and spreads across multiple different organisations corresponding to different stakeholders/entities/parties collaboration becomes a major problem so as to provide an end-to-end solution for EV charging and battery swapping, maintaining and sharing records of the EV. If the different stakeholders are not in synchronization, then the whole ecosystem will collapse.
In the present EV ecosystem, the technical problems are plenty - mainly related to trust and transparency issues, recording of all transactions and securing them from unauthorised access and modification tinkering, bringing all disparate organisations and systems on to one platform, lacking transparency when it comes to charging the EVs or swapping the batteries of the EVs, lack of tracking and tracing of swapped battery at the battery swapping stations, lack of information regarding the EV, the battery, EV owner and his driving credentials at the disposal of insurance companies, lack of information regarding the battery charge and swapping history at the disposal of service stations, lack of automation when it comes to billing by the DISCOMs to EV charging and swapping infrastructure companies, then in turn between EV charging and swapping infrastructure companies and respective charging and swapping stations and then in turn between charging and swapping stations and EV owners. Moreover, the EV charging poles are already a reality and growing fast. But charging poles are typically installed and operated in a centralised fashion.
Reference has been made to CN108001428A, teaching a blockchain-based battery replacement system and method for an electric vehicle. The battery replacement system for the electric vehicle includes an acquisition unit, an evaluation unit, a replacement unit and an adjusting unit. The acquisition unit acquires battery information of a first battery to be replaced at the electric vehicle from the electric

vehicle, acquires battery information of a second battery at a battery replacing station for replacing the first battery from the battery replacing station, and inputs the acquired battery information to a smart contract of a blockchain; the evaluation unit uses the smart contract to evaluate the value of the first battery and the second battery based on the acquired battery information; the replacement unit, based on the value of the first battery and the second battery, replaces the first battery with the second battery and stores the updated battery information of the first battery and the second battery and transaction information related to the battery replacement transaction in the blockchain; the adjusting unit, according to the transaction delay time of the battery replacement transaction, adjusts performance parameters of the blockchain.
Reference has been made to WO2018014123A1, disclosing a vehicle record platform using blockchain technology. Vehicle records are recorded using blocks linked by vehicle identification number. The vehicle record stores historical information about vehicles, including collision information, financing information, transfer of ownership information, and other transaction information. Reference has been made to "Blockchain Based Autonomous Selection Of Electric Vehicle Charging Station", by Matevz Pustisek, Andrej Kos, Urban Sedlar, introducing a concept of autonomous blockchain based negotiation to select the most convenient electric vehicle charging station. Based on e.g. the planned route, car battery status, realtime traffic information and drivers' preferences, a car could request charging bids from various charging stations along the route, by executing blockchain based smart contracts related to these charging stations. It would then select the most appropriate one based on offered prices, but other input parameters could be also taken into account, e.g. waiting times, estimated charging duration and alike. The smart contract execution could be extended to reservation and payment, too. The literature further focuses on Ethereum, and explain the role of smart contracts and outlines the architecture of a simple system for autonomous selection for electric vehicle charging station and provide a UML model to depict

the activities of the actors involved in these operations and to clarify the role and the requirements of various blockchain related entities.
Yet another reference has been made to "Using Ether eum Blockchain in Internet of Things: A Solution for Electric Vehicle Battery Refueling", by Haoli Sun, Song Hua, Ence Zhou, Bingfeng Pi, Jun Sun and KazuhiroYamashita. Sun et al. teaches an Ethereum blockchain based rich-thin-clients IoT solution to solve the problems caused by limited resources of IoT devices when adopting mining mechanism of blockchain in IoT scenarios. Rich clients and thin clients can both provide blockchain accessing and data collecting functions while only rich clients with more resources can perform mining process. Furthermore, based on the solution, an electric vehicle battery refuelling system is disclosed, in which battery swapping approach is adopted. Sun et al. further explains the rationality of the proposed solution by experiments and compare the solution with other blockchain based IoT solutions.
Although many solutions have been provided in related prior art, but they fail to address the need for an end-to-end platform for all the stakeholders/entities/parties of the EV ecosystem in a P2P decentralized network thereby ensuring data integrity, data security, trust and transparency.
In the present invention, each stakeholder/entity/party in the EV ecosystem have their set of access, and they can do their job without the fear of being watched, but at the same time contributing to the overall objectives of the solution. The traditional methods of automation will defeat the purpose because any centralised application with so many stakeholders will never be successful and will have data integrity and security issues and specially when there are transactions happening every now and then, it would be very difficult for anybody to manage it. Consumption and financial reconciliation between different stakeholders in the charging scenario is provided. The solution will also integrate with the Battery Management System and Telemetry. Moreover, using the present solution, companies can reduce costs on their end and increase profit margins by cleaning

up their supply chains, essentially ridding the manufacturing process of counterfeit parts and diversion. By tracking exactly where the parts in each car come from, manufacturers can also respond to recalls in a more cost-effective manner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. This summary is not an extensive overview of the present invention. It is not intended to identify the key/critical elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concept of the invention in a simplified form as a prelude to a more detailed description of the invention presented later.
An object of the present invention is to provide an end to end decentralised platform where every stakeholder of an EV ecosystem is present and the aforementioned multiple technical problems are solved, through autonomous transactions - Smart Contracts.
In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, is to provide a peer-to-peer, P2P, decentralized, immutable real-time communication network based system for an Electrical Vehicle, EV, ecosystem, said system comprising a user interface layer comprising at least one Internet of Things, IoT, enabled device, an EV owner user device communicably coupled to a plurality of nodes of the network, wherein each node comprises at least a computing device configured to: receive a data input, from a user; store the received data input from the user, in the decentralized network; and update the data stored in the decentralized network, according to data input received from different users of the network.
In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, is to provide peer-to-peer, P2P, decentralized, immutable real-time communication network based method in a system for an Electrical Vehicle, EV, ecosystem, said system comprising an user interface layer comprising at least one Internet of Things, IoT, enabled device and

an EV owner/driver user device communicably coupled to a plurality of nodes of the network, wherein each node of the plurality of nodes is a dedicated node for entities/stakeholders/parties of the EV ecosystem - EV manufacturers, EV dealers, battery manufacturers, service centers, insurance, Government/Police, DISCOM, charging and swapping operator company, respective charging and swapping stations, insurance companies, said method comprising: registering the EV and battery credentials of the EV, by the EV manufacturer on a database of the decentralized network, verifying and confirming the EV and the battery credentials of the EV, by the EV dealer on the database of the decentralized network, registering the sale of the EV along with details of EV, battery credentials of the EV and a EV owner/buyer, by the EV dealer on the database of the decentralized network, creating a profile of the EV owner/buyer and sharing the login credentials to the EV owner/buyer by the dealer, charging the EV at a designated EV charging station and swapping the battery of the EV, if needed, by the EV owner/buyer, and record battery credentials of the swapped battery of the EV, by the charging and swapping operator company on the database of the decentralized network, checking all the credentials of the EV battery and the EV owner, by the EV service station and tracking the battery health data and service history and accordingly book the vehicle for service, tracking any prior service and updating the current service details including any repair or change of spare parts, by the service station, notifying the battery manufacturer of any battery problem and based on the warranty terms, repairing or replacing the battery by the battery manufacturer, and lodging, by the EV owner/driver, a complaint with the police authorities and raising an insurance claim, in case of accident or theft of the EV.
The present invention relates to a method and system thereof integrating Internet of Things, IoT enabled devices on a peer-to-peer, P2P, decentralized network to provide an end to end collaborative platform for EV charging and battery swapping, maintaining and sharing records of the EV.

Other aspects, advantages, and salient features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, taken in conjunction with the annexed drawings, discloses exemplary embodiments of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be more apparent in the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 illustrates an overall workflow of events among the different entities of an EV ecosystem, according to an implementation of the present invention. Figure 2 illustrates the work flow of registration of EV Manufacturer as Admin and other users like EV Dealer, Installation Manager/Senior QA, Service Center Owner, Insurance and Government Authority.
Figure 3 illustrates EV registration work flow done by either Senior QA or Installation Manager or both, according to an implementation of the present invention.
Figure 4 illustrates EV verification and EV owner/buyer profile creation work flow done by EV Sales Manager according to an implementation of the present invention.
Figure 5 illustrates a work flow related to the charging and swapping of battery operations of an EV, by the EV owner/buyer/driver, according to an implementation of the present invention.
Figure 6 illustrates a work flow of events regarding EV accident or theft, performed by the by an EV owner/driver from the EV owner/driver user device, according to an implementation of the present invention.

Figure 7 illustrates an overall workflow of events among the different entities of an EV ecosystem, according to an implementation of the present invention.
Figure 8 illustrates work flow of a battery manufacturer in the EV ecosystem of Figure 7, according to an implementation of the present invention.
Figure 9 illustrates the swapping station flow of events at a EV swapping and charging station according an implementation of the present invention.
Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and may have not been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figure may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improve understanding of various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Throughout the drawings, it should be noted that like reference numbers are used to depict the same or similar elements, features, and structures.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided to assist in a comprehensive understanding of various embodiments of the present disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. It includes various specific details to assist in that understanding but these are to be regarded as merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the various embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.
The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not limited to the bibliographical meanings, but, are merely used by the inventor to enable a clear and consistent understanding of the present disclosure. Accordingly, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of

various embodiments of the present disclosure is provided for illustration purpose only and not for the purpose of limiting the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which various embodiments belong. Further, the meaning of terms or words used in the specification and the claims should not be limited to the literal or commonly employed sense, but should be construed in accordance with the spirit of the disclosure to most properly describe the present disclosure.
The present disclosure will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. The present disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the various embodiments set forth herein, rather, these various embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the present disclosure. Furthermore, a detailed description of other parts will not be provided not to make the present disclosure unclear. Like reference numerals in the drawings refer to like elements throughout.
The present invention lies in providing a method and system thereof integrating Internet of Things, IoT, enabled devices on a peer-to-peer, P2P, decentralized network to provide an end to end collaborative platform for EV charging and battery swapping, maintaining and sharing records of the EV.
An embodiment of the present invention is a peer-to-peer, P2P, decentralized, immutable real-time communication network based system for an Electrical Vehicle, EV, ecosystem, said system comprising a user interface layer comprising at least one Internet of Things, IoT, enabled device, an EV owner user device communicably coupled to a plurality of nodes of the network, wherein each node comprises at least a computing device configured to receive a data input, from a

user, store the received data input from the user, in the decentralized network and update the data stored in the decentralized network, according to data input received from different users of the network.
In all the embodiments of the present invention as described herein below, the "dedicated nodes of the network" or "network of dedicated nodes" refer to "dedicated nodes of different entities/stakeholders/parties of the EV ecosystem" and the terms have been interchangeably used in the description.
In all the embodiments of the present invention, as described herein below, each dedicated node receives an input from a user in the dedicated computing device connected to the network, the "user" being a user of the respective organizations of the EV ecosystem - EV manufacturers, EV dealers, battery manufacturers, service centers, insurance company, Government/Police, EV owner, DISCOM, charging and swapping operator company, respective charging and swapping stations and the like.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a peer to peer, P2P, distributed ledger technology - Blockchain, solution for an Electric Vehicle, EV, life cycle and EV charging and billing, provides an end to end automated collaboration platform for a hassle free, economic, time efficient and immutable method for a network of nodes for entities/stakeholders/parties - EV manufacturers, EV dealers, battery manufacturers, service centers, insurance, Government/Police, EV owner, DISCOM, charging and swapping operator company, respective charging and swapping stations and the like, to track all the activities of an EV, such as servicing, charging, swapping, payments etc. The above mentioned network is a distributed decentralized Blockchain - an access control based network, wherein the respective nodes for the entities/stakeholders/parties - EV manufacturers, EV dealers, battery manufacturers, EV dealers, service centers, insurance, Government/Police, EV owner, DISCOM, charging and swapping operator company, respective charging and swapping stations and the like can only join upon invitation.

Any transaction happening in the network is being initiated by any of the above mentioned dedicated nodes of the network i.e. dedicated nodes of different entities/stakeholders/parties of the EV ecosystem, which further needs to be approved by the already dedicated nodes, along with a timestamp based digital signature recording the approval of the said transaction. The transaction as mentioned herein can refer to any of the scenarios like servicing of an EV, charging of the battery of an EV, swapping of the battery of an EV, payments related to charging of an EV and swapping of the battery of an EV, etc. All the transactions made by any of the dedicated nodes of the network are available at all the other dedicated nodes of the network in real time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the Blockchain is a private and permissioned Blockchain, thereby restricting unauthorised access to any of the dedicated nodes of the network, hence making it secure. It records all the transactions made by any of the dedicated nodes in real time, in an immutable distributed ledger which is owned by all the nodes of the Blockchain.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the EV ecosystem, for tracking the EV life cycle the dedicated nodes of the network, connected to the Blockchain, are for entities/stakeholders/parties - EV manufacturer, EV owner, EV dealers, battery manufacturers, service centers, insurance, Government/Police, EV owner, charging and swapping operator company, respective charging and swapping stations. A dedicated node of an EV Manufacturer registers the EV and battery credentials of the registered EV on the Blockchain network. On physically receiving the vehicles, a dedicated node of the EV dealer verifies the EV and the battery credentials and confirms it on the Blockchain network. The EVs are then added to the dealer's inventory. After the sale of an EV, the dedicated node of the EV dealer registers the sale on the Blockchain network with details of EV, the battery credentials and the buyer of the EV. The EV dealer creates a profile of the buyer in the Blockchain and shares the login credentials and access details to the buyer. The EV buyer/owner/driver drives the vehicle and would use his user

device to activate charging and swapping activities of the battery of the EV at dedicated charging and swapping stations. The EV buyer/owner/driver can drive to a battery swapping station and can instantly swap the battery and the replaced battery credentials are recorded on the Blockchain by a dedicated node of the battery swapping station, thereby providing an efficient way for future tracking and tracing the swapped/replaced battery. When the EV is received at a service station - the service station can check all the credentials of the EV, battery and the buyer/owner at a dedicated node of the service station. Thus the service station would also have access to the battery health data and service history and accordingly provide the necessary service to the EV. The dedicated node of the service station updates the service details including any repair or change of spare parts provided to an EV on the Blockchain. In the event of a problem with the battery of an EV, the dedicated node of the battery manufacturer is notified of the problem and based on the warranty terms, the battery of the EV may be repaired or replaced by the battery manufacturer. In the event of an accident or theft - the EV buyer/owner/driver registers a complaint with the police and raise an insurance claim. The details of such insurance claims along with the details of the EV would be available at a dedicated node of the insurance company connected to the Blockchain.
In an exemplary implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, the EV manufacturer logs into the system to access the Blockchain network, using asymmetric credentials, for e.g. public/private key pair and initiates a transaction at its dedicated node by entering the details of an EV and the respective details of the battery thereof. An EV dealer accepts the EV in its system by accepting the transactions details as already present in the Blockchain as per details entered by the EV manufacturer, and then adds it to his inventory. Upon sale of the EV, the details of the EV owner, EV and the battery is recorded with the digital signature and timestamp followed by consensus among the concerned entities/stakeholders/parties, for e.g. here it is the EV manufacturer, EV dealer and the EV owner. Thus all the transactions in the workflow, starting from the

manufacture of an EV till present, is governed by smart contracts in the decentralised network. Any anomaly is reported to the concerned stakeholder/entity/party/service provider. The smart contract immutably records each transaction in peer to peer consortium based network which simplifies the process by enhancing transparency and trust among all the parti es/stakehol der s/entiti e s.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, in the EV ecosystem, for tracking the EV charging and corresponding billing thereof, the dedicated nodes of the entities/stakeholders/parties connected to the Blockchain are for entities charging and swapping infrastructure operating company, EV owner/driver, DISCOM, charging infrastructure company, charging station and Government/ SEB/Power Grid etc.
In an exemplary implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, an EV buyer/owner/driver mainly has the ease of identifying his desired charging and swapping station, plugging his EV to an IoT enabled charging pole. The EV buyer/owner/driver uses his user device to start charging and stop charging of the battery of the EV, by connecting to the EV Infra IoT application/cloud and then immediately the amount to be paid is reflected on the user device and accordingly the amount can be remitted using a digital wallet or UPI or Credit Card or Debit Card etc. of the registered EV buyer/owner. The charging and swapping station in turn reconciles his account with the charging and swapping infrastructure company based on their mutual agreement and the charging and swapping infrastructure company reconciles with the DISCOM on a monthly basis. All this happens by means of smart contract in the Blockchain and are performed by the dedicated nodes of the different entities/stakeholders/parties involved in the event. This eliminates manual manipulation of charging rates and consumptions, thereby bringing transparency to the whole procedure. Similarly, when the EV owner/buyer swaps his battery at a swapping station, then also he pays the swapping station before leaving the place. Parallelly the swapping station personnel records the new battery credentials in to the Blockchain at the dedicated

node of the swapping station, against the EV owner's/buyer's credentials and removes the older credentials tied to him. Thus the EV owner/buyer, the swapping station, the service centre, the insurance company will have one single source of truth about the EV owner, the EV and the battery details of the EV.
In an exemplary implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, the dedicated node of a charging and swapping infrastructure company sends an invitation to dedicated nodes of the DISCOM and charging stations to get them registered into the Blockchain. Personnel at a charging and swapping infrastructure company can setup/modify/edit the tariff for both DISCOMS and charging stations at the dedicated node of the charging and swapping infrastructure company using a Tariff Management Module. On accepting the invitations, by the dedicated nodes of the of the DISCOM and charging stations to get them registered into the Blockchain, the DISCOMS and the charging stations will accept the tariff in the Blockchain and only then the tariff becomes operational with effect from a specified date. The smart contracts within the dedicated nodes of the different entities/stakeholders/parties automatically reconciles all the transactions in real time or on scheduled intervals, covering consumption and payments settlements and all other kind of services availed by the EV owner/buyer at any time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a user device of an EV owner/buyer/driver works as a dedicated node in the Blockchain. The user device is configured to locate a nearest charging and swapping station location on the map. The EV owner/buyer/driver may find availability of parking slots in that particular charging and swapping station and via the user device also reserve a charging slot, wherein the charging slot here refers to the IoT enabled charging pole. The user device is configured to communicate with the charging and swapping station and is further configured to enter/scan the IoT enabled charging pole credentials, verify the credentials of the charging pole, start/stop the charging of the battery of the EV, and view real time analytics of the charging status of the battery of the EV. Accordingly, the user device gets the corresponding

payment/transaction details from the dedicated node of the EV charging infrastructure operating company, which is further communicably coupled to the charging station and swapping station, in the Blockchain.
In a battery swapping scenario at the charging and swapping station, the respective credentials of the swapped battery will be available for visual purpose in the user device for the EV owner to accept it and based on that the credentials are recorded on the Blockchain.
In all the scenarios like charging of the battery of the EV or swapping of the battery of the EV at a charging and swapping station, all the relevant transaction details pertaining to payment are available for display in the user device for reference. The transaction details are being stored at all the dedicated nodes of the Blockchain.
The user device in an embodiment of the present invention, further communicates with a dedicated node via a payment interface to manage the payment of the aforementioned transactions of an EV. Different payment methods like digital wallet, credit card, debit card, UPI and the like can be used by the EV owner/buyer/driver.
The user device in an embodiment of the present invention, is further connected to a dedicated node of a service station, a dedicated node of police authorities and a dedicated node of an insurance claim company. The user device is configured to display the warranty and the service history of the EV, as provided by the dedicated node of the service centre within the Blockchain. In case of theft or accident of the EV, the EV owner/driver can register a complaint regarding the theft or accident in the dedicated user device and the same complaint would be sent to the dedicated node of the police authorities in the Blockchain. Parallelly, the EV owner can raise insurance claim from the dedicated user device itself, which will be sent to the dedicated node of the insurance company, thereby intimating the insurance company. The insurance company on the other hand can verify the type of claim raised by the EV owner, at its dedicated node, by viewing

the complaint lodged to the police authorities. Thus the overall details of the theft or the accident of the EV can be viewed by each concerned entity of the Blockchain - here it is the EV owner/driver, police authorities, insurance company, EV manufacturer, at their dedicated nodes.
Thus in all the embodiments mentioned herein, the dedicated nodes of all the entities/stakeholders/parties of the Blockchain keeps all the records of the EV lifecycle, EV charging and billing, insurance details, EV owner details and EV theft/accident details and complaints lodged to police authorities for an EV. Thus the details displayed by any of the dedicated nodes of the entities/stakeholders/parties for an EV at any particular time is a real time status of the EV for any kind of service availed, manufacturing details, charging of the battery and swapping of the battery details, payment regarding the charging of the battery and swapping of the battery, etc. starting from the manufacture of the EV till that particular time. All the service details and transactions and any entries made at any dedicated nodes of the different entities/stakeholders/parties for an EV, are cryptographic transactions with timestamp and are finally added in the Blockchain by consensus. All the details as added in the Blockchain by the dedicated nodes of different entities/stakeholders/parties on receiving consensus is visible to all dedicated nodes of all the other entities/stakeholders/parties in the distributed network. The service details and transactions made at any dedicated node of any entity is appended to the previous service details and transactions history and on receiving further consensus from all the other dedicated nodes of the Blockchain the details of the EV is updated.
In all the aforementioned embodiments of the present invention, all the processes and underlying functions performed by the dedicated nodes of different entities/stakeholders/parties are based on smart contract triggered by different APIs/ Microservices and accordingly actions based on logic is initiated. All the details available in the Blockchain can be queried for all the activities related to a service, charging, swapping, payments etc.

In an exemplary implementation as in Figure 1 of the present invention, it is assumed that EV manufacturers also manufacture the batteries and thus the EVs come along with batteries pre-installed in them. The EV manufacturer is registered as an Administrator in the Blockchain network. Once having registered him/her-self, the EV manufacturer will utilize the accessible modules to setup the system. Thus, the EV manufacturer (Admin) from its dedicated node, sends user registration invites to user roles that will be the part of this network. The user roles in this network would be: Installation Manager or Senior QA, Service Center owner, Insurance Company, EV Dealer, EV Inventory Manager, Government (State Government/Municipality/State Police). The EV manufacturer (Admin) sends the dedicated nodes of the above users, registration invites, whereby they fill the registration form and submit. The submitted registration is then verified for all authentications by the EV manufacturer and based on authentication, the Admin approves or rejects those submissions. For the approved submissions, users approved are notified via confirmation e-mail along with temporary login credentials, whereas users rejected too are notified via rejection e-mail. Once approved, credentials to login will be shared via e-mail to these users and they can login and continue accessing the system at their dedicated nodes. The Admin can de-register or delete a user from the system via User De-Register menu in case of the user demise or resignation or fraudulent activity, etc. The above mentioned user roles act as admins of their domains/fields, thus they also send user invites from their dedicated nodes to the dedicated noes of their sub-ordinates, e.g., EV Dealer would have an EV Sales Manager managing EV purchases, etc. from one of the locations. Thus the functionalities assigned to dealer would actually be handled by EV Sales Manager. Thus, EV Dealer, once having logged into the network from his dedicated node, will send user registration invite to the dedicated node of the EV Sales Manager. Similarly, EV Service Center owner will send user registration invite from its dedicated node to the dedicated node of his/her Service Advisor. Insurance Company admin will send user registration invite to his/her sub-ordinate front-office user. These users too will go through their registration submission, verification post submission and approval/rejection

of submission based upon authentication. Once approved, credentials to login will be shared via e-mail to these sub-ordinate users and they would be required to login and reset their password and then continue accessing the system.
In the above implementation, during the EV registration process, the Installation Manager or Senior QA of the manufacturing company will be registering manufactured EVs and linked batteries into the system from its dedicated node. EVs will be recognized by their unique VIN (vehicle identification number -chassis number) and batteries will be recognized by their unique BIN (battery identification number). Once the entries for the EV and the batteries thereof are made, entered data are stored in Blockchain.
The EV Sales Manager places order from its dedicated node, with the EV manufacturing company's Inventory Manager, based on EV models and their quantities required at the showroom. Once the order is placed, EV Sales Manager from its dedicated node, can keep a track of the placed order's status and related order details. Inventory Manager will be notified on his/her dedicated node about the placed order details w.r.t Order ID. Once s/he selects the order ID, the system will map the ordered model and quantity with the manufacturing company's internal inventory system (or ERP) and fetch the available models on Inventory Manager's dedicated node. The inventory manager validates and confirms the order, on his/her dedicated node, and marks the shipment date of the order. Inventory Manager can also keep a track of the confirmed orders made and once the delivery is marked successful at Dealer's end, Inventory Manager's shipped orders are also updated with delivered status on his/her dashboard. Now the EV Sales Manager makes the entries of delivered order-wise EVs on his/her dedicated node and also marks issues (if faced any with EV(s)), action upon which is handled internally. Once an EV has been purchased from the EV dealer showroom, the EV buyer/owner shares his/her basic information with EV dealer Sales Manager and post all purchase formalities, the EV Sales Manager creates the buyer's profile on the system, by entering his/her provided details and also notifies the buyer via e-mail and SMS with the link to login into the system with

the given credentials. The e-mail will also have a request new password button that will generate a new password for the buyer in case the previously provided password expired. This way the buyer acts as 'Existing EV User' in our system.
Referring to Figure 5, the EV owner/buyer from his/her user device, will be able to locate nearby charging/swapping stations, modify or update his/her personal details in the system, register for the charging and/or swapping company (service provider) situated at his/her current location, fall through the completion of charging and/or swapping process, make respective payments, have the accessibility to see past payments made for charging/swapping as charging/swapping history, EV servicing records and payment history, have respective invoices available and also have the feasibility to report a complaint and/or claim insurance to the police and insurance company respectively. An existing user as EV owner will be the one who purchases EV from the EV manufacturer existing as a part of the system (registered in the system by the EV Dealer).
In another exemplary implementation as in Figure 7 of the present invention, the EV and the battery of the EV have different manufacturers (EV is purchased without battery and battery is provided on lease). It is assumed that the infrastructure company may or may not have both charging and swapping stations. There can be one more case where the battery manufacturer may have its own swapping stations installed/setup.
In the above mentioned implementation, referring to Figure 8, the battery manufacturer will send user registration invite from its dedicated node to the dedicated node of the swapping station owner, in case it registers itself as having its own swapping stations. If the EV manufacturer has approved the user as a battery manufacturer, then the user will be added into the Blockchain network as a peer in Battery manufacturer organization. Battery manufacturer will provide battery to EV dealer at the time of EV purchase by EV owner. The credentials of the provided battery will be linked to EV and also stored in the Blockchain. From

here the Blockchain based system also manages the Battery history throughout the battery life. After getting approved by EV manufacturer, the Battery manufacturer, from its dedicated node, will send invitation to the dedicated node of the swapping station, and the swapping station will further add swapping agent under it from its dedicated node.
In the aforementioned implementation, the Battery manufacturer can set the pricing for its own swapping station. On each price set there is a transaction in the Blockchain and for each pricing there is a corresponding pricing id. The Battery manufacturer can view the price set by him when the manufacturer modifies the price it is basically updating corresponding to that pricing id. Each payment record gets stored in the Blockchain. All the transaction of the payment by the Battery manufacturer is retrieved by the Blockchain. It provides total number of batteries swapped across all swapping station. The battery manufacturer adds his payment details like account number and IFSC code etc. that are stored securely in the Blockchain. When EV owner/driver is making a payment, then the bank details of the Battery manufacturer are used to receive the payment. Invoices are sent by battery manufacturer to swapping station owner. Invoices are stored in Blockchain through Battery manufacturer.
During the EV registration process, Installation Manager or Senior QA of the manufacturing company will be registering manufactured EVs which are recognized by their unique VIN (vehicle identification number - chassis number). Once the entries are made, entered data are stored in the Blockchain.
Moreover, once an EV has been purchased from the EV dealer showroom, the buyer shares his/her basic information with EV dealer Sales Manager and post all purchase formalities, the EV Sales Manager creates the buyer's profile on the system, by entering his/her provided details, details of the EV bought and details of the battery chosen to be installed on lease model and then also notifies the buyer via e-mail and SMS with the link to login into the system with the given credentials.

Referring to Figure 9, at the Battery Swapping station during a need for battery swapping of the EV, EV owner/driver/buyer from the user device, registers the available charging and/or swapping companies (infrastructure company service provider OR battery manufacturing company) located in nearby areas (fetched from selected location, companies that do and do not exist in the system, both). EV owner can locate nearby charging and/or swapping stations routes on map and can go to start the swapping of battery procedure. Once the swapping is done, EV owner and the swapping agent both confirms swapping completion from their dedicated nodes, and the EV owner proceeds to make the payment. Once done, the EV owner can see swapping details-date, payment made, payment mode, payment made to, etc. and can also access the respective invoices.
The swapping station owner from his/her dedicated node, will accept the price set by the battery manufacturer at his/her dedicated node, in the Blockchain. There will be a mutual agreement between both of them. All this is managed by the Blockchain. When there is a change in the price set by the battery manufacturer at its dedicated node, the dedicated node of the swapping station owner will be notified. The battery manufacturer and swapping station owner can also view the current pricings from their respective nodes. From the Blockchain, the pricing that is approved by them will be shown as current price. The battery manufacturer will enter the details corresponding to which he wants to see the price. The last accepted price from the Blockchain get retrieved and shown in the battery manufacturer and swapping station owner dedicated node.
In the above implementations as illustrated in Figure 6 of the present invention, EV owner/driver from the user device, lodges an e-FIR or a police complaint and/or claim insurance against any car accidents faced or in case of EV theft or battery theft, etc.
In the above implementations as illustrated in Figures 1 and 7 of the present invention, for servicing of the EV, EV owner goes to service center and their

service advisor takes care of the servicing procedure. If the EV manufacturer has approved the service center owner, then the dedicated node of the service centre owner will be added into the Blockchain network as a peer in service center owner organization. After getting approved by EV manufacturer, the service center owner, will fetch the EV information from Blockchain - the EV warranty details, the remaining free services etc., by feeding vehicle registration number or VIN. If there are any free services remaining for the EV, service advisor proceeds with adding issues related to EV. In case the free services have already been exhausted, a question pops up for EV owner (on the same screen) to continue with paid services or not. If no, process ends then and there. If yes, service advisor adds details of the parts to be serviced and generates respective job card and intimates EV owner about the EV servicing completion and collection date and time. In case there is any change of intimated date and time of completion of servicing, service advisor can change that and EV owner will be auto-notified. Post collection and job card closing, EV owner will be notified about the status and would see a pending payment on his/her device, whereby s/he sees current due payments and past payments made w.r.t. EV servicing.
In the above implementations as illustrated in Figures 1 and 7 of the present invention, for EV Charging and Infrastructure Management, the Blockchain network further comprises of Charging and/or Swapping Infrastructure owner (Administrator of this network), DISCOM (supplier of electricity to infrastructure owner(s)) in addition to charging and/or swapping station owner(s).
Charging and/or Swapping Infrastructure owner registers itself as admin of the Blockchain network and sends user registration invites to DISCOM(s) and station owners. This network handles payment management, consumption management and consumption based pricing management for these entities via smart contract. If an EV owner arrives at the station for EV charging or swapping and makes respective payment, payment is made directly to the infrastructure company. Based on contracts between Infrastructure Company and DISCOM and on

contracts between Infrastructure Company and charging and/or swapping stations, payments are made to these entities. Infrastructure Company as an admin sets pricing (as decided by central/state government) for DISCOMs and Stations and only post acceptance of prices set (or later modified) for them will these prices start to reflect on their systems as applicable prices.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the user device of the EV owner/buyer/driver consist of a mobile application which facilitates the EV owner in accessing the P2P, decentralized network for viewing details of EV charging and battery swapping, maintaining and sharing records of the EV, initiating and stopping the charging of the battery at a designated charging station, initiating swapping of the battery at a battery swapping station and the like. The EV owner logs into the user device and performs all the method steps as mentioned hereinabove in all the aforementioned embodiments, to track all the activities of an EV, such as servicing, charging of the battery, swapping of the battery, payments related to the services availed by the EV and the like.
Based on the above mentioned scenarios and technical solutions provided thereof, some of the non-limiting advantages of the present invention are:
1. All immutable tamperproof transactions related to a transaction is
accessible to all parties/stakeholders/entities at real time.
2. All the processes are simplified by smart contract driven transactions and
the ledger can be queried for all the activities related to a service, charging, swapping, payments etc.
3. The smart contract immutably records each transaction in peer to peer
consortium based network which simplifies the process by enhancing transparency and trust among all the parties/stakeholders/entities.
4. All the stakeholders in the EV lifecycle will be on one common Private
Permissioned Blockchain network and so will all the stakeholders in the EV Charging Ecosystem.

Although a method and a system thereof integrating Internet of Things, IoT, enabled devices on a peer-to-peer, P2P, decentralized network to provide an end to end collaborative platform for EV charging and battery swapping, maintaining and sharing records of the EV have been described in language specific to structural features, it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the above section are not necessarily limited to the specific methods or devices described herein. Rather, the specific features are disclosed as examples of implementations of a system integrating Internet of Things, IoT, enabled devices on a peer-to-peer, P2P, decentralized network to provide an end to end collaborative platform for EV charging and battery swapping, maintaining and sharing records of the EV.

WE CLAIM:

1.A peer-to-peer, P2P, decentralized, immutable real-time communication
network based system for an Electrical Vehicle, EV, ecosystem, said
system comprising a user interface layer comprising at least one Internet of
Things, IoT, enabled device, an EV owner user device communicably
coupled to a plurality of nodes of the network, wherein each node
comprises at least a computing device configured to:
receive a data input, from a user;
store the received data input from the user, in the decentralized network; and
update the data stored in the decentralized network, according to data input received from different users of the network.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of nodes of the
network are dedicated nodes for users of the entities/stakeholders/parties
of the EV ecosystem - EV manufacturers, EV dealers, battery
manufacturers, service centers, insurance, Government/Police, DISCOM,
charging and swapping operator company, respective charging and
swapping stations, insurance companies and the like, to track all the
activities of an EV, such as servicing, charging of the battery, swapping of
the battery, payments related to the services availed by the EV and the
like,
wherein the EV owner/driver user device is a dedicated node of an EV
owner/driver in the network, and
wherein each of the plurality of the nodes of the network have peer nodes
in the network, said peer nodes being added into the network upon
verification.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of nodes of
the network for entities/stakeholders/parties of the EV ecosystem updates

the EV records with a timestamp based digital signature to indicate the update time.
4. The system as claimed in claim 2, the dedicated nodes for users of the
entities/stakeholders/parties of the EV ecosystem are configured to:
register the EV and battery credentials of the EV, on the decentralized network,
verify and confirm the EV and the battery credentials of the EV, on the decentralized network,
register the sale of the EV along with details of EV, battery credentials of the EV and a EV owner/buyer, on the decentralized network,
create a profile of the EV owner/buyer and share the login credentials to the EV owner/buyer,
record battery credentials of any swapped battery of an EV, on the decentralized network,
track the battery health data and service history of an EV and accordingly book the vehicle for service,
track any prior service availed by an EV and update the current service details including any repair or change of spare parts, and
notify the battery manufacturer of any battery problem.
5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the EV owner user device is
configured to:
locate nearby charging/swapping stations;
register for the charging and/or swapping company (service provider) situated at his/her current location;
receive a unique number or QR code from a charging station pole;
initiate the charging of the battery, provide real-time charging status of the battery, and stop the charging once a desired battery charge level is reached; and
pay for the service availed by the EV owner.

6. The system as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the EV owner user device lodges a complaint with the police authorities and accordingly raises an insurance claim, in case of accident or theft of the EV.
7. The system as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the EV manufacturer and the EV battery manufacturers are same, and the EV is preinstalled with a battery.
8. The system as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the EV manufacturer and the EV battery manufacturers are different, and the EV is purchased without battery and battery is provided on lease.
9. A peer-to-peer, P2P, decentralized, immutable real-time communication network based method in a system for an Electrical Vehicle, EV, ecosystem, said system comprising an user interface layer comprising at least one Internet of Things, IoT, enabled device and an EV owner/driver user device communicably coupled to a plurality of nodes of the network, wherein each node of the plurality of nodes is a dedicated node for entities/stakeholders/parties of the EV ecosystem - EV manufacturers, EV dealers, battery manufacturers, service centers, insurance, Government/Police, DISCOM, charging and swapping operator company, respective charging and swapping stations, insurance companies, said method comprising:
registering the EV and battery credentials of the EV, by the EV manufacturer on a database of the decentralized network,
verifying and confirming the EV and the battery credentials of the EV, by the EV dealer on the database of the decentralized network,
registering the sale of the EV along with details of EV, battery credentials of the EV and a EV owner/buyer, by the EV dealer on the database of the decentralized network,
creating a profile of the EV owner/buyer and sharing the login credentials to the EV owner/buyer by the dealer,

charging the EV at a designated EV charging station and swapping the battery of the EV, if needed, by the EV owner/buyer, and record battery credentials of the swapped battery of the EV, by the charging and swapping operator company on the database of the decentralized network,
checking all the credentials of the EV battery and the EV owner, by the EV service station and tracking the battery health data and service history and accordingly book the vehicle for service,
tracking any prior service and updating the current service details including any repair or change of spare parts, by the service station,
notifying the battery manufacturer of any battery problem and based on the warranty terms, repairing or replacing the battery by the battery manufacturer, and
lodging, by the EV owner/driver, a complaint with the police authorities and raising an insurance claim, in case of accident or theft of the EV.