DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of pesticidal composition. Particularly, the present disclosure provides a pesticide composition for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.

BACKGROUND
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] The most numerous and successful animals on earth are undoubtedly insects. Despite some helpful species, a great many insects are a bane to humans. Many months of the year, people venturing outdoors are plagued by biting insects, such as mosquitoes, gnats, noseeums (biting midges), flies, ticks, head lice, fire ants, fleas, and other insects. The bites and stings inflicted by “biting” insects are often itchy, can become infected and subsequently may prove fatal to the subject.
[0004] Almost everyone in their life has had the unpleasant experience of being bitten by a mosquito. Mosquito bites can cause skin irritation through an allergic reaction to the mosquito's saliva - this is what causes the red bump and itching. They are the vectors responsible for transmitting serious and life-threatening diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and lymphatic filariasis.
[0005] Numerous devices, agents, compositions, and formulations are already reported in the literature and are commercially available, capable of repelling, killing, or reducing the number of mosquitoes in a premise. However, these devices, agents/formulations still suffer from certain limitations such as being expensive, ineffective and exhibiting certain side-effects such as irritation, allergy, uneasiness, reduction in oxygen content, etc.
[0006] There is, therefore, need in the art to develop new and improved compositions that repel, kills, prevent, reduce and control various indoor and outdoor pests, and overcomes one or more problems associated with the conventional compositions/formulations thereof. The present invention satisfies the existing as well as other needs.

OBJECTS
[0007] Primary object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition that overcomes one or more limitations associated with the conventional pesticide compositions/formulations.
[0008] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition for repelling and/or reducing and/or controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.
[0009] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition for repelling and/or reducing and/or controlling the population of mosquitoes.
[00010] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition that exhibits high repellence and pesticidal activity.
[00011] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition that is safe and free of side-effects such as irritation, allergy, uneasiness, reduction in oxygen content, etc.
[00012] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition that exhibits superior storage stability and synergistic activity /functional reciprocity.
[00013] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition that is easy to prepare and economical.
[00014] Other objects of the present invention will be apparent from the description of the invention herein below.

SUMMARY
[00015] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of pesticidal composition. Particularly, the present disclosure provides a pesticide composition for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.
[00016] An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a pesticide composition for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said composition including: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 5% to 90% by weight of the composition; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.2% to 15% by weight of the composition; and rest being an excipient. In an embodiment, Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 10% to 85% by weight of the composition; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 14% by weight of the composition; and rest being an excipient.
[00017] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a liquid or a semisolid pesticide formulation for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said formulation including: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 5% to 90% by weight of the formulation; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.2% to 15% by weight of the formulation; and rest being an excipient. In an embodiment, the liquid or a semisolid formulation includes a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a gel, a spray, a vaporizer, a paste, a liquid vaporizer, an aerosol, an emulsion, a suspension, a micro-emulsion, a varnish dispersion, a fumigant, or a solution.
[00018] Still another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a solid pesticide formulation for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said formulation including: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 5% to 90% by weight of the formulation; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.2% to 15% by weight of the formulation; and rest being an excipient. In an embodiment, the solid formulation includes a granule, a paste, a powder, a dust, a wax, a chalk, pellets, a burn paper, a coil, an incense stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a caulk, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, or a vaporizer.
[00019] In an embodiment, the pesticide compositions/formulations of the present disclosure aids in controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.
[00020] Other aspects, advantages, and salient features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which is taken in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[00021] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more comprehensively with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of the ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
[00022] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in disclosing the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this invention belongs. By means of further guidance, term definitions may be included to better appreciate the teaching of the present invention.
[00023] As used in the description herein, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[00024] As used herein, the terms “comprise”, “comprises”, “comprising”, “include”, “includes”, and “including” are meant to be non- limiting, i.e., other steps and other ingredients which do not affect the end of result can be added. The above terms encompass the terms “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of”.
[00025] The terms “weight percent”, “percent by weight”, “% by weight”, and variations thereof, as used herein, refer to the concentration of a substance as the weight of that substance divided by the total weight of the composition and multiplied by 100. It is understood that, as used here, “percent”, “%”, and the like are intended to be synonymous with “weight percent”, etc.
[00026] The terms ‘pest’ and ‘insect’ are used synonymously and interchangeability throughout the specification. The terms ‘pest’ or ‘insect’ as used herein refers to any insect or small animal that is harmful or damages crops or livestock or otherwise interferes with the wellbeing of human beings such as spreads disease, causes destruction or is otherwise a nuisance. The term ‘pest’ includes but not limited to arthropods such as insects, arachnids, centipedes, mosquitoes, houseflies, drain flies, vespa spp. (hornet), cockroaches, ants, bedbugs, spiders, mites, aphids, thrips, whiteflies, loopers, worms, beetles, leafrollers, moths, weevils including larvae and eggs thereof, and reptiles such as lizards.
[00027] The term ‘mosquito’ or ‘mosquitoes’ as used herein refer to each and every species of mosquitoes reported in literature. It includes both male and female mosquitoes. The term further includes them in their different stages of life cycles such as egg, larva, pupa, and adult.
[00028] The term ‘controlling’ as used herein refer to repelling, killing, preventing, and/or reducing the population of various indoor and outdoor pest(s) and/or insect(s)
[00029] In some embodiments, the numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as concentration, reaction conditions, and so forth, used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the invention are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the term “about”. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters set forth in the written description are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as practicable.
[00030] The recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein.
[00031] The headings and abstract of the invention provided herein are for convenience only and do not interpret the scope or meaning of the embodiments.
[00032] The following discussion provides many example embodiments of the inventive subject matter. Although each embodiment represents a single combination of inventive elements, the inventive subject matter is considered to include all possible combinations of the disclosed elements. Thus, if one embodiment comprises elements A, B, and C, and a second embodiment comprises elements B and D, then the inventive subject matter is also considered to include other remaining combinations of A, B, C, or D, even if not explicitly disclosed.
[00033] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of pesticidal composition. Particularly, the present disclosure provides a pesticide composition for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.
[00034] The present disclosure is on the premise of a surprising discovery that when Areca catechu and Pogostemon cablin are included as part of a pesticide composition in the weight percentages as defined herein, it exhibits exceptional functional reciprocity and synergistic activity, and affords dramatic improvement in controlling the population of various indoor as well as outdoor pests as compared to the individual ingredients. The observed synergistic effect is unexpected and surprising.
[00035] An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a pesticide composition for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said composition including: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 5% to 90% by weight of the composition; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.2% to 15% by weight of the composition; and rest being an excipient.
[00036] In an embodiment, the pesticide composition comprises Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 6% to 90% by weight, including 8% to 90%, 10% to 90%, 12% to 90%, 8% to 88 or 10% to 85%. In an embodiment, the composition comprises Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.3% to 15% by weight, including 0.5% to 14%, 0.8% to 14%, 0.9% to 13%, 1.0% to 15%, 1.0% to 14% or 1.5% to 14%.
[00037] In an embodiment, Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 10% to 85% by weight of the composition; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 14% by weight of the composition; and rest being an excipient.
[00038] In an embodiment, the composition comprises: whole of or a part of or an extract of or an oil of Areca catechu. In an embodiment, the composition comprises root, leaves, shoot, fruits, husk, seed, stem, barks sap or bud or combination thereof of Areca catechu. In an embodiment, the composition comprises fruits, husk or combination thereof of Areca catechu. In an embodiment, the composition comprises husk powder of Areca catechu.
[00039] In an embodiment, the composition comprises: whole of or a part of or an extract of or an oil of Pogostemon cablin. In an embodiment, the composition comprises root, leaves, twigs, flower, seeds or combination thereof of Pogostemon cablin. In an embodiment, the composition comprises leaves or twigs of Pogostemon cablin. In an embodiment, the composition comprises oil of Pogostemon cablin.
[00040] In an embodiment, the excipient is selected from any or a combination of a perfume, a preservative, an adhesive, a smoldering agent or a burning aid, a binder, a filler or a burnable base, a propellant, a solvent, a wetting agent, a solubilizer, a hardening agent, an emulsifier, a diluent, a lubricant, a colouring agent, a lower alcohol, and a neutralization base.
[00041] In an embodiment, the perfume(s)/fragrance agent includes but not limited to, various commercially available camphors (karpur) of natural or synthetic origin, orange oil, lemon oil, lavender oil, peppermint oil, eucalyptus oil, citronella oil, lime oil, yuzu oil, jasmine oil, cypress oil, green tea essential oil, limonene, a-pinene, linalool, geraniol, phenylethyl alcohol, amylcinnamic aldehyde, cuminaldehyde, benzyl acetate, Pure Soul MMN37683, Classic Guggul MMN37681, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other perfume(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00042] In an embodiment, the preservative(s) includes but not limited to, sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, phenoxyethanol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, sorbic acid, benzoic acid, propionic acid or salts, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other preservative(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00043] In an embodiment, the adhesive(s) includes but not limited to, Joss (Jiggit powder), corn starch, wheat starch, potato starch, pea starch, Tamarind starch, etc. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other adhesive(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00044] In an embodiment, the smoldering agent(s) or burning aid(s) includes but not limited to, potassium nitrate (KNO3), sodium nitrate (NaNO3), potassium chloride, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other smoldering agent(s) or burning aid(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00045] In an embodiment, the binder(s) includes but not limited to, guar gum, starch, for example, potato starch, maize starch, corn starch, tamarind seed powder, water, povidone, copovidone, kaolin and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other binder(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00046] In an embodiment, the filler(s) or burnable base(s) includes but not limited to, saw dust powder, Joss (Jiggit powder), coconut shell powder, wood powder, wood chips, wood fiber, wood charcoal, vegetable shell powders, for e.g. cocoa shell, peanut shell, fibrous waste, for e.g. rayon waste, cotton waste, waste paper and mineral fibers, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other filler(s) or burnable base(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00047] In an embodiment, the propellant(s) includes but not limited to, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), dimethyl ether (DME), nitrogen gas, carbonic acid gas, nitrous oxide, compressed air, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other propellant(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00048] In an embodiment, the solvent(s) includes but not limited to, hydrocarbons such as aliphatic hydrocarbon (C5 to C20 carbon atoms having branched and/or unbranched chains), aromatic hydrocarbon and alicyclic hydrocarbon, alcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol and methanol, esters such as fatty acid ester, vegetable oils, animal oils, and water. Further, among the aliphatic hydrocarbons, a paraffinic hydrocarbon (linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon), inter alia, normal paraffin (n-paraffin) is preferably used. It further includes higher fatty acid esters and alcohols. Preferable examples of the organic solvent include higher fatty acid esters and alcohols. The higher fatty acid ester preferably has 16 to 20 carbon atoms in total. Examples of such a higher fatty acid ester include isopropyl myristate, butyl myristate, hexyl laurate, isopropyl palmitate, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other solvent(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00049] In an embodiment, the wetting agent(s) includes but not limited to, 1,2-propylene glycol, glycerol, hyaluronate sodium, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any wetting agent(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00050] In an embodiment, solubilizer(s) includes but not limited to, isomeryl alcohol APEO, PEG-40 PEG-60, polysorbas20, the Tween 80, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other solubilizer(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00051] In an embodiment, hardening agent(s) includes but not limited to, water miscible sylvite, sodium salt, magnesium salts, calcium salt, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other hardening agent(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00052] In an embodiment, the emulsifier(s) includes but not limited to, hydrogenated lecithin, C12-16 Alcohols, palmitic acid (e.g., Biophillic™ H) and cetyl alcohol, glyceryl stearate, PEG-75 stearate, ceteth-20, steareth-2 (Emulium® Delta), and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other emulsifier (s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00053] In an embodiment, the diluent(s) includes but not limited to, microfine cellulose, lactose, starch, pregelatinized starch, calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, sugar, dextrates, dextrin, dextrose, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, tribasic calcium phosphate, kaolin, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, maltodextrin, mannitol, potassium chloride, powdered cellulose, sodium chloride, sorbitol, talc, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other diluent(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00054] In an embodiment, the lubricant(s) includes but not limited to, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, calcium stearate, Vegetable stearin, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other lubricant(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00055] In an embodiment, the colouring agent(s) includes but not limited to, E102 Tartrazine, E104 Quin- oline Yellow, E110 Sunset Yellow FCF, E120 - Cochineal, carminic acid, Carmines, E122 Azorubine (Carmoisine), E123 Amaranth, E124 Ponceau 4R (Cochineal Red A), E127 Erythrosine, E129 Allura Red, E131 Patent Blue, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other colouring agent(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00056] In an embodiment, lower alcohol(s) includes but not limited to, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerin, butanediol, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other lower alcohol(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00057] In an embodiment, the neutralization base includes but not limited to, triethanolamine. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other neutralization base(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00058] While one or more embodiments of the present disclosure enumerates and describes a list of excipients that may be used in the composition to serve an intended purpose, it should be appreciated that one or more excipient(s) may also serve more than one function, obviating the need of inclusion of separate excipients for the specified purpose. Although several embodiments of the present disclosure names few of the commonly used excipients, any other excipient(s) known to or appreciated by a skilled person can also be used to realize the advantageous compositions of the present disclosure.
[00059] The ingredients of the compositions/formulations of the present disclosure exhibit functional reciprocity there between, and accordingly aids in repelling, killing, preventing, and/or reducing the population of indoor as well as outdoor pests. Compositions/formulations of the present disclosure also exhibit superior storage stability. The composition of the present disclosure also provides a pleasant aroma by releasing different fragrances to give an aromatherapy effect while knocking down the harmful pests.
[00060] The composition detailed herein can be manufactured in one or several forms. In an embodiment, form is selected from any or a combination of liquids, semisolids (gels), solids, gels or gases. In an embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure may be formulated into any formulation including but not limited to cream, lotion, ointment, gel, spray, vaporizer, granule, paste, powder, dust, wax, chalk, granules, pellet, burn paper, coils, incense stick, pellets, bait, cordages, candles, sealing agent, caulk, patch, bait, mats, filler, wood filler, liquid vaporizers, aerosols, emulsion, suspension, micro-emulsion, varnish dispersions, fumigant, solution and the likes. However, composition of the present formulation may be formulated into any or a combination of other pesticide formulation(s), as known to or appreciated by a person skilled in the art to serve the intended purpose.
[00061] In an embodiment, the composition is formulated into a liquid form, a semi-solid form, a solid form, a gel or a gaseous form.
[00062] In an embodiment, the composition is formulated into a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a gel, a spray, a vaporizer, a paste, a powder, a dust, a wax, a chalk, granules, pellets, a burn paper, a coil, an incense stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a caulk, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, a liquid vaporizer, an aerosol, an emulsion, a suspension, a micro-emulsion, a varnish dispersion, a fumigant, or a solution.
[00063] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a liquid or a semisolid formulation for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said formulation including: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 5% to 90% by weight of the formulation; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.2% to 15% by weight of the formulation; and rest being an excipient. In an embodiment, the liquid or a semisolid formulation includes a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a gel, a spray, a vaporizer, a paste, a liquid vaporizer, an aerosol, an emulsion, a suspension, a micro-emulsion, a varnish dispersion, a fumigant, or a solution.
[00064] Still another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a solid formulation for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said formulation including: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 5% to 90% by weight of the formulation; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.2% to 15% by weight of the formulation; and rest being an excipient. In an embodiment, the solid formulation includes a granule, a paste, a powder, a dust, a wax, a chalk, pellets, a burn paper, a coil, an incense stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a caulk, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, or a vaporizer.
[00065] Areca catechu is a perennial, woody species of palm which grows in much of the tropical Pacific, Asia, and parts of east Africa. It is commonly known as areca palm, betel palm, betel nut palm, Indian nut and catechu. It is popular for chewing throughout some Asian countries.
[00066] Pogostemon cablin is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, commonly called the mint or deadnettle family. The plant grows as a bushy perennial herb, with erect stems reaching up to 75 centimetres (2.5 ft) in height and bearing small, pale pink-white flowers. It is commonly known as Patchouli. It is native to the island region of Southeast Asia, including Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It is also found in many parts of North East India.
[00067] In accordance with an embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure is realized by using extracts or oils or any plant part thereof commercially procured from following manufactures:

Sr. No. INGREDIENTS MANUFACTURER
1 Areca catechu
(Common name: Supari)
Alibaug Taluka Naral Supari Prakriya Sahakari Sanstha Limited. At/Post: Nagaon, Taluk: Alibaug, Dist.: Raigad, Maharashtra, India.
2 Pogostemon cablin
(Common name: Patchouli) Jl. Raya Wanaherang No.16, RT.4/RW.4, Cicadas, Kec. Gn. Putri, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat 16964, Indonesia

[00068] In an embodiment, the compositions and formulations of the present disclosure can be manufactured by any conventional method, known to or appreciated by a person skilled in the art working in the pertinent field to serve the intended purpose.
[00069] The ingredients of the composition and formulation of the present disclosure exhibit functional reciprocity there between, and accordingly aids in repelling and/or reducing and/or preventing and/or killing and/or controlling population of indoor as well as outdoor pests. Compositions/formulations of the present disclosure also exhibit superior storage stability. The composition being herbal in origin is safe and free of ill-effects such as irritation, allergy, uneasiness, reduction in oxygen content etc.
EXAMPLE
[00070] AN INCENSE STICK FORMULATION OF ARECA CATECHU
TABLE 1: An incense stick formulation of Areca catechu
Sr. No. Ingredients Role in formulation Amount in wt. %
1 Areca catechu
(Nut husk) Pesticidal 80
2 Camphor (Bhimseni Karpur) Perfume 2.7
3 Sodium benzoate Preservative 0.3
4 Joss Powder Filler 6
5 Guar gum Binder 8
6 Potassium nitrate Burning agent 3
Total 100

[00071] All the ingredients were weighed accurately as per Table 1 above. All the ingredients were properly mixed to obtain a blend and the required amount of water (comprising specified amount of sodium benzoate and potassium nitrate) was added to the blend to obtain a dough. This dough mass was dried in a desired shape and size to obtain a final incense stick for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests by the smoke produced by its smoldering.
[00072] AN INCENSE STICK FORMULATION OF POGOSTEMON CABLIN (PATCHOULI OIL)
TABLE 2: An incense stick formulation of Patchouli oil
Sr No Ingredients Role in formulation Amount in wt. %
1 Pogostemon cablin
(Patchouli Oil) Pesticidal 0.6 %
2 Ross-20 Perfume blend Perfume 0.4%
3 Blank agarbatti stick
(Purchased from Market) Stick 99%
Total 100%

[00073] An incense stick containing Patchouli oil was prepared by loading a mixture of patchouli oil and Ross-20 in an amount as per Table 2 above on a blank agarbatti stick (procured commercially) for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests by the smoke produced by its smoldering.
[00074] AN INCENSE STICK FORMULATION OF ARECA CATECHU AND POGOSTEMON CABLIN (PATCHOULI OIL)
TABLE 3: An incense stick formulation of Areca catechu and Patchouli oil
Sr. No. Ingredients Role in formulation Formulation 1 Formulation 2 Formulation 3 Formulation 4
(amount in wt. %)
1 Areca catechu
(Nut husk) Pesticide 79.4 60 70 40
2 Pogostemon cablin
(Patchouli Oil) Pesticide 0.6 3 1 5
3 Camphor
(Bhimseni Karpur) Perfume 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7
4 Sodium benzoate Preservative 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
5 Joss Powder Filler 6 6 6 6
6 Guar gum Binder 8 8 8 8
7 Potassium nitrate Burning agent 3 3 3 3
8 Saw Dust Powder Filler 0 17 9 35
Total 100 100 100 100

[00075] All the ingredients were weighed accurately as per Table 3 above. All the ingredients (except Patchouli Oil) were properly mixed to obtain a blend and the required amount of water (comprising specified amount of sodium benzoate and potassium nitrate) was added to the blend to obtain a dough. This dough mass was dried in a desired shape and size to obtain a stick. Above weigh Patchouli oil is loaded onto the stick to obtain a final incense stick for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests by the smoke produced by its smoldering.
[00076] EFFICACY STUDY - SYNERGISTIC ACTIVITY OF THE COMPOSITION/FORMULATION
[00077] The incense stick Formulation 1 realized in Table 3 above vis-à-vis the incense stick formulations of the individual active ingredient(s) (Areca catechu and Pogostemon cablin, patchouli oil) prepared in Table 1 and Table 2 were subjected to efficacy studies, particularly, mosquitocidal activity. The mosquitocidal activity was determined by using a Peet Grady Chamber. The Peet Grady Chamber is a 5.8 m3 chamber having all 5 sides made up of glass with glazy tile flooring. At the bottom left side, there is a small window of 0.5 X 0.5 ft. for releasing insects in the chamber. Apart from this, it has a door on one wall and four 2-inch diameter holes on each wall placed at a distance of 1.4 m from the ground and in the centre of the wall. These holes are used for dispensing test products inside the chamber. During experimentation, the holes, door, and small window, all were in closed condition. For consistency and reproducibility of results, the environmental conditions viz. temperature of 27±3°C and Relative Humidity of about 50-80% were maintained. Before evaluating the mosquitocidal activity of Formulation 1 vis-à-vis incense stick formulation of the individual active ingredients, the mosquitoes were first introduced into the chamber, and de-contamination checks were performed for the first ½ hour. If no knockdown of mosquito(es) was seen, then a fresh lot (100 nos.) of mosquitoes was introduced, and the Formulation 1 and incense stick formulation of the individual active ingredients were released in the chamber (by burning the incense sticks in the chamber), and the experiment was started. The knockdown of insects was observed every 5 minutes for about 60 minutes. Thereafter, the knocked-down mosquitoes were transferred to a clean container with food of 10% sucrose contained in a cotton swab. The mortality readings were noted after 24 hours. Observations were interpreted in Knock-down times, KT50 and KT90 [KT50 is the time (in minutes) needed to knock down 50% of the mosquito population used for an experiment, and KT90 is the time (in minutes) needed to knock down 90% of the mosquito population used for an experiment] and it is determined by the Probit analysis software. Percent mortality was calculated after 24 hours.
Table 4: Comparison of the mosquitocidal activity of incense stick Formulation 1 vis-à-vis incense stick formulations of the individual active ingredient(s) (Areca catechu and Pogostemon cablin, patchouli oil)
Sr. No. Item KT50 (in minutes)
(Continuous burning on free flying mosquitoes) KT90 (in minutes)
(Continuous burning on free flying mosquitoes)
1 Areca catechu (80%) stick
(prepared in Table 1 above) 141.58 254.45
2 Patchouli oil (0.6%) stick
(prepared in Table 2 above) 102.64
187.07
3 Formulation 1
(Combination of Areca catechu (79.4%) + Patchouli oil (0.6%), prepared in Table 3 above) 73.99 132.91
4 Commercially available incense Agarbatti
(Turmeric, 36.8% and Neem 0.6%) 517.6 1032.54

[00078] As can be seen in Table 4 above, the formulation (formulation 1) of the present disclosure affords improved control of mosquitoes (pests) as compared to the formulations of the individual active ingredients. Accordingly, it could be concluded that the composition/ formulation of the present disclosure, exhibits a synergistic effect (functional reciprocity) and offers significant improvement in controlling various indoor and outdoor pests as compared to the compositions/ formulations of the individual active ingredient(s).
[00079] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

ADVANTAGES
[00080] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation that overcomes the limitations associated with the conventional compositions/formulations.
[00081] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation for repelling and/or reducing and/or controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.
[00082] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation for repelling and/or reducing and/or controlling the population of mosquitoes.
[00083] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation that exhibits high repellence and pesticidal activity.
[00084] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation that is safe and free of side-effects such as irritation, allergy, uneasiness, reduction in oxygen content, etc.
[00085] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation that exhibits synergistic activity /functional reciprocity.
[00086] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition that is economical and easy to prepare.
,CLAIMS:1. A pesticide composition for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said composition comprising:
Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 5% to 90% by weight of the composition;
Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.2% to 15% by weight of the composition; and
rest being an excipient.
2. The Composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 10% to 85% by weight of the composition; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 14% by weight of the composition; and rest being an excipient.
3. The Composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excipient is selected from any or a combination of a perfume, a preservative, an adhesive, a smoldering agent or a burning aid, a binder, a filler or a burnable base, a propellant, a solvent, a wetting agent, a solubilizer, a hardening agent, an emulsifier, a diluent, a lubricant, a colouring agent, a lower alcohol, and a neutralization base.
4. The Composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is formulated into a liquid form, a semi-solid form, a solid form, a gel or a gaseous form.
5. The Composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is formulated into a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a gel, a spray, a vaporizer, a paste, a powder, a dust, a wax, a chalk, granules, pellets, a burn paper, a coil, an incense stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a caulk, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, a liquid vaporizer, an aerosol, an emulsion, a suspension, a micro-emulsion, a varnish dispersion, a fumigant, or a solution.
6. A liquid or a semisolid pesticide formulation for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said formulation comprising:
Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 5% to 90% by weight of the formulation;
Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.2% to 15% by weight of the formulation; and
rest being an excipient.
7. The liquid or a semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid or a semisolid formulation comprises a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a gel, a spray, a vaporizer, a paste, a liquid vaporizer, an aerosol, an emulsion, a suspension, a micro-emulsion, a varnish dispersion, a fumigant, or a solution.
8. A solid pesticide formulation for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said formulation comprising:
Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 5% to 90% by weight of the formulation;
Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.2% to 15% by weight of the formulation; and
rest being an excipient.
9. The solid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid formulation comprises a granule, a paste, a powder, a dust, a wax, a chalk, pellets, a burn paper, a coil, an incense stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a caulk, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, or a vaporizer.