0001]The present invention relates to plant biotechnology fuel reforming methods and systems.
BACKGROUND
[0002]If it burned in the combustion furnace biomass such as oil palm empty bunch as a boiler fuel, problems caused by that it contains the alkali metals such as Karyuumu. Technique for removing the alkali metal has been proposed.
[0003]In Patent Document 1, the plants such as bamboo atomized, the atomization plant is immersed in water at normal pressure eluted fertilizer component, vegetable biofuel reforming method of dewatering a bamboo soaked in water at normal pressure Have been described.
CITATION
Patent Document
[0004]
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 5753959
Summary of the Invention
Problems that the Invention is to Solve
[0005]
　Such modification methods, be eluted plant inside of an alkali component (such as potassium), if the high melting temperature materials such as plants inside the silicon or silica is very small, sufficient improving softening and melting temperature of the ash there is a case that can not be.
[0006]
　The present invention aims at providing a plant bio fuel reforming methods and systems that are both secure softening and melting temperature of the reduction and ash alkali component inside the plant.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0007]
　The present invention is to atomize the plants, the plants atomized by immersion in water at normal pressure eluted fertilizer component, dehydrated the plants soaked in water at normal pressure, high melt temperature in the dehydration plant characterized in that the addition of material.
Effect of the invention
[0008]
　The present invention can provide a vegetable biofuel reforming methods and systems that are both secure softening and melting temperature of the reduction and ash alkali component inside the plant.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009]
[Figure 1] shows the system of Reference Example.
[Figure 2] shows the overall configuration of the reference example.
[Figure 3] shows the dissolution apparatus of the reference example.
[4] shows a reforming system startup method.
[5] shows a reforming system stop process.
[6] showing an overall configuration of a long-reforming reference example.
[7] The biomass shows the time course of the residual concentration when soaked in water.
[Figure 8] bamboo shows the time course of the residual concentration when soaked in water.
It shows the modification results in FIG. 9 bamboo.
[10] The waste from bamboo fuel illustrating an example of a cycle to zero.
[Figure 11] shows the low bamboo reforming comparison of the ash in the silica concentration.
[12] substituted, such as silica, it shows a transport method.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0010]
　It is eluted plants inside the alkali component by a method such as Patent Document 1 (such as potassium), if the high melting temperature materials such as plants inside the silicon or silica is negligible, not sufficiently improve the softening and melting temperature of the ash If there is a.
[0011]
　For example Kyushu 13.9% inner main component of 1.5% ash silica with bamboo, potassium oxide 41.9 percent, the softening temperature of the percent phosphorus oxide 17 ash 970 ° C., the melting temperature is 1020 ° C. met It was. Ash by modifying the bamboo is reduced to 0.66%, but the main components of the ash silica 47.1%, 20% potassium oxide, 80% potassium oxide of phosphorus 7.4% and weight basis be eluted, the softening temperature of the ash 820 ° C., resulting in the melting temperature is not at all improved to 1010 ° C.. This is such as potassium are those not sufficient modification effect can be obtained for a small silica component of the plant itself which elution.
[0012]
　In this case correspondingly the ash is reduced (1.5-0.66 = 0.84%) a modifying effect exits when substituted by such as silica Toka calcium carbonate.
[0013]
　Result of the displacement studies to confirm the amount of ash 1.12% of pre-reforming, softening temperature 700 ° C., a melting temperature of 740 ° C., a softening temperature of 930 ° C. with 0.62% after modification ash melting temperature 1000 those in which was ° C. is 0.5% ash decrease amount by replacing the silica, the softening temperature of the ash 1475 ° C., the melting temperature becomes 1495 ° C..
[0014]
　Further, the softening temperature of the ash when the calcium carbonate instead of silica was added in an amount of about 0.5% is made reforming is increased to 1460 ° C..
[0015]
　On the other hand, it is conceivable to perform the softening temperature increase by of mixing silica with the first without such modification, min no in this case to reduce the potassium incorporation of silica is required about 10% relative to the fuel . Also if you do not reforming is a chlorine concentration is high.
[0016]
　Although the target value of 0.1% chlorine concentration below is made with chlorine gas concentration 50ppm or less standard in the combustion exhaust gas, the chlorine concentration does not change in the exhaust gas be mixed silica. For example three times the bamboo fuel chlorine not to the chlorine gas concentration in the exhaust gas less than 50ppm of chlorine concentration of 0.3% of bamboo was confirmed tested at 0.1% or less, it is necessary to mix, realistic it can not be said (see Figure 11). Figure 11 shows a modification comparison result of low ash in silica concentration bamboo. An example of stringent bamboo reforming has 11, only without the temperature improvement in the first two columns were eluted material is the result of the subsequent three rows were improved by elution + substitution. Calcium carbonate additive is the calcium oxide by burning. Silica, underlined where the calcium oxide is up component.
Example 1
[0017]
　Even if the mixing silica or calcium carbonate (decomposed to calcium oxide) to the bamboo chips, chips and silica is necessary to avoid separation. There is also a need to carry reformate bamboo to the fuel silo boiler side. As an example of how to solve them simultaneously, substitution of a high melting temperature material in the present embodiment in FIG. 12 shows a transport method.
[0018]
　Figure 12 shows an example of a portion corresponding to a transport system connecting the dehydrator 14 and the pellet storage silo 17 in FIG. 2 to be described later. For example, it illustrates an example of a device that is installed between the dewatering device 14 and the pelletizer 15 in FIG. Bamboo chips supplied through the dehydrator 14 from the reformer 40 is supplied via the transport pipe 41 to the fuel chip silo 43. Bag filter 42 is provided at the entrance of the fuel chip silo 43. Transport bamboo chips, for example, transport fan 38 which utilizes condenser cooling air of the boiler equipment is used. From during transport fan and bamboo chip supply port, a coating material from the coating material silo 39 is supplied. For example, it is blown about 1% of the weight of the bamboo. The coating material, diatomaceous silica component exceeds 90%, silica sand, high melting temperature materials such as calcium carbonate are used. The degree high melt temperature materials required for the reforming of the bamboo chips, for example, if calcium carbonate, since it is sufficient about 0.3 to 0.5 percent of the weight of the bamboo chips, adhering to the cross section of bamboo chips in it it can be said to be sufficient.
[0019]
　Reformate are using a bag filter as dust and bamboo carried to fuel chip silo in air transport is not scattered. Diatomaceous silica component exceeds 90% as pre-coated material to the fibers of the filter cloth of the bag filter, by leaving coated with an sand or calcium carbonate, a high melting temperature material may be attached to the bamboo chips by bag filter .
[0020]
　Bag filter coating of the surface of the bamboo chips since sought to and porous shape with a fine grain size, attached to such inter-fiber, hard to separate. Bamboo chip (bamboo particles) fall in fuel chip silo Upon the filter cloth of the bag filter. When colliding with the bag filter, with a high melting temperature material which has adhered to between the fibers of the filter cloth is attached to the bamboo grain surface, fuel chip silo fall peeled from high melting temperature materials themselves part filter cloth internally attached to bamboo particles, so that the high melting temperature material is applied.
[0021]
　As in this embodiment, by adding the coating material is a high melting temperature material to the bamboo chips are dehydrated plant can both secure softening and melting temperature of the reduction and ash alkali component inside the plant. To ensure softening and melting temperature of the ash are silica and calcium oxide contained in the high melting temperature material is worked.
[0022]
　The high melting temperature material in the present embodiment, refers to a substance that melts at temperatures above 1500 ° C.. Silica melts at 1650 ± 75 ° C.. Calcium carbonate melts at 2613 ° C. in an exploded and burnt lime (CaO). As can be seen from the latter example, in this embodiment, the high melting temperature materials, including those which decompose to CaO during combustion as calcium carbonate becomes high melting temperature materials. Potassium oxide (K2O) is softened and melted temperature increases by replacing with in excess of 450 ° C. Since 1500 ° C..
[0023]
　In this embodiment, the high melting temperature material is added in bamboo chip transportation step, on a path connecting the dehydration device and the silo, the coating material silo 39 is used as a replacement device.
[0024]
　Note that the transfer in this embodiment has been described as a device which is placed between the dewatering device 14 and the pelletizer 15 in FIG. 2, the fuel chip silo 43 the reformate to the boiler side as shown in FIG. 10 as a fuel it may be.
Reference Example
　As a reference example will be described below plant biofuel reforming method of Patent Document 1. In Patent Document 1, corrosion after combustion to be able to utilize unused biomass, again biomass field or forest as fertilizer by separate materials are those required for plant growth as well as previous separation substance to affect the ash properties It describes what to be supplied continuously biofuel by returning to.
[Reference Example 1]
short modification examples (modification by hot water)
　a reference example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to 3.　
　Raw biomass is charged into the receiving hopper 1, it is atomized by the atomizer 2. Basically, it is desirable to finely as possible. Considering only pelleting at pelletizer 15, but will be cut to a size suitable as a fuel (diameter of about 50 ~ 100 mm), finely than this size, i.e. the particle size (particle diameter) it is desirable to atomize up following size average 50 mm. Given the elution efficiency, it is more desirable to atomize until the following size average 10 mm.
[0025]
　Atomized biomass falls to the feed hopper 3. Level of the supply hopper 3 is monitored by the supply hopper level meter 4, to stop the atomization device 2 at the level height. On the other hand the level is lowered, it becomes level low to start the atomization device 2. Inside dissolution apparatus 6 performs the elution of chlorine and a base component of the biomass with hot water in the operation specified time dissolution apparatus at a constant rotational speed there is dissolution apparatus a screw 28. Further elution device 6 by the steam flow control valve 8 so that the internal temperature by the temperature transmitters 7 are stretched water is constant, heated with steam. This warming, water dissolution apparatus 6 is hot water.
[0026]
　Steam passing through the steam flow regulating valve 8 raises the temperature of the liquid at the dissolution apparatus 6 by heating a dissolution apparatus inner wall 27 enters the dissolution apparatus a steam jacket 29. On the other hand, if the liquid temperature of the dissolution apparatus 6 is too elevated stop steam flow control valve 8 is controlled within the specified temperature. Steam or drain out of the dissolution apparatus the steam jacket 29 is returned again to the steam supply device.
[0027]
　Atomized biomass is fed to the dissolution apparatus 6 with a rotary feeder 5. When the level of the liquid in the dissolution apparatus 6 by the biomass-on rises overflow Ekitoi 26 via stream overflow tube 30 is sent to the dewatering device 14. On the other hand, the level eluent water level adjusting valve 11 is then opened by leachate level transmitters 12 If you decrease, dissolution apparatus via the eluent water level adjusting system for supplying a solution in the eluate tank 20 to the dissolution apparatus 6 increase the level by supplying to 6. Liquid in dissolution apparatus chlorine-Karyuumu concentration transmitter 10 is monitored, if chlorine or Karyuumu rises above the prescribed concentration was the concentration adjustment valve 9 is opened, diluted with industrial water, dissolution apparatus 6 within liquid chlorine, reducing the concentration of Karyuumu to the specified value.
[0028]
　Furthermore, to elute efficiently perform biomass stirring inside dissolution apparatus, nozzle eluate and industrial water entering the device is in the same shape as the eluent injection nozzle 25, stagnates in the lower part of the dissolution apparatus the inner wall 27 Biomass and wound up to be stirring.
[0029]
　Biomass transported to the outlet side of the dissolution apparatus 6 passes through the biomass outlet 33 and sent to a dehydrator 14 with quantified solution dissolution apparatus discharge rotary feeder 13. Biomass guide plate 34 so that the dissolution apparatus 6 inside the biomass flows in the stagnant without the biomass outlet 33 installed at both sides, thereby preventing biomass stagnation in dissolution apparatus 6 inside.
[0030]
　Biomass dewatered in the dewatering device 14 is generated in a few centimeters of the pellets in the pellet production apparatus 15 becomes the following conditions 25 percent moisture. Produced pellets are 17 stored in a pellet storage silo by the bucket conveyor 16. Transport sealed track 19 is regularly transported, but when the loading from payout valve 18.
[0031]
　Meanwhile, the solution leaving the dewatering device 14 is stored in the eluate tank 20. The eluate tank 20 outlet to those used for level adjustment of the dissolution apparatus 6 via the eluate pump 21 located after pressurization eluent water level adjusting valve 11, the level rises in the eluate tank level transmitter 22 Then the eluate tank level control valve 23, the eluate is fed to the fertilizer facility.
[0032]
　4 and 5 show a modified system startup, a flow diagram of a stop of the reference example.
[0033]
　First, in order to start this system opens the density adjustment valve 9 in dissolution apparatus 6 tensioning the industrial water to a specified level. In this case the density adjustment valve 9 remains constant degree as water filling opening, closes if the specified level. If the solution inside dissolution apparatus 6 is the prescribed level, opens gradually defining opening the steam flow rate adjusting valve 8, the temperature of the dissolution apparatus 6 the solution inside dissolution apparatus steam jacketed 29 by high-temperature steam is filled It is allowed to gradually rise in temperature.
[0034]
　If the solution reaches the specified temperature, once the steam flow control valve 8 is closed, it enters the system heating step. First, the eluent pump 21 starts, timed after dehydrator 14 starts, then dissolution apparatus discharge rotary feeder 13 starts operation. Since the dissolution apparatus discharge rotary feeder 13 is a solution of the dissolution apparatus 6 to start operation is discharged, eluent water level adjusting valve 11 is opened to adjust the level. If the solution level sharp reduction in dissolution apparatus 6 is generated by the density adjustment valve 9 is opened, an operation to lift the solution level.
[0035]
　Also, since the temperature of the solution decreases the steam flow control valve 8 is opening operation, it performs the solution temperature control. Note this reference example, for withdrawing only efficiently without substance related to the heating value, there is an advantage also that a small variation of the heating value.
[0036]
　Meanwhile, because the system warming startup When complete reforming system is started, atomizer 2 for supplying pre-atomized biomass supply hopper 3 is in the automatic operation mode. If the level of biomass in the supply hopper 3 is low, operated atomization device 2 is filled with biomass supply hopper 3.
[0037]
　System warming completion judgment when the steam flow rate adjustment valve 8 is equal to or less than 10% opening, determines that the situation heating steam is not large amount needed to complete warming. Dissolution apparatus 6 and a rotary feeder 5 when the system heating is completed starts operation to start the reforming of biomass.
[0038]
　Furthermore, if the biomass supply starts, since the reformed biomass is discharged from the dehydrator 14, pelletizer 15 and the bucket conveyor 16 is operated, reforming pelleted biomass into pellets storage silo 17 It is supplied.
[0039]
　Because when the charged amount and concentration of the solution continues to operate biomass increased density adjustment valve 9 to dilute the open city concentration, the solution in the system is increased. Because if increased eluate tank 20 level is increased, and becomes less than the prescribed value eluent pump 21 eluate tank level control valve 23 in the outlet opening, for supplying an eluate into fertilizer facility.
[0040]
　To stop the reforming system clogging at restart and Failure to discharge the biomass in the system, to stop because of the potential to generate a non activation by sticking in the following manner.
[0041]
　The atomizer 2 and put a stop command to stop the biomass supply to forcibly stop supplying hopper 3. It is timed after rotary feeder 5 a stop command to stop. The timed is the normal time for the biomass in the supply hopper 3 from the atomization device 2 stop level of operation is discharged all pre measured and set at that time plus 1 min. After rotary feeder 5 is stopped, dissolution apparatus 6 and elution device discharge rotary feeder 13 is operating time plus 5 minutes until the biomass inside the dissolution apparatus is discharged, it is automatically stopped.
[0042]
　On the other hand, the density adjustment valve 9 by the biomass at the five minutes before the time is almost exhausted, the steam flow control valve 8 and eluent water level adjusting valve 11 is forced closes.
[0043]
　Biomass supplied to the dehydrator 14 by dissolution apparatus 6 and elution device discharge rotary feeder 13 stops to stop after a timed from no. Then pelletizer 15 and the bucket conveyor 16 respectively stopped after timed.
[0044]
　Eluent pump 21 closes the eluate tank level control valve 23 is full, because the solution of the system if continued for 20 minutes will not return to the tank, to stop the eluate pump 21, the reforming system and complete stop Become.
[Reference Example 2]
Illustrative long reforming (modification by water)
　Figure 6 shows the overall configuration of the reference example of long modification. The main difference between the reference example 1 is that carried out in water rather than hot water elution. Common with FIG. 2 in FIG. 6 are denoted by like numerals denote parts common to Reference Example 1 is omitted.
[0045]
　Chlorine and a base component immersed in water, but is efficiently eluted be plant biomass requires little time, less the structure of energy consumption is energy saving.
[0046]
　Inside dissolution apparatus 6 performs the elution of chlorine and a base component of the biomass with water in the operation specified time dissolution apparatus at a constant rotational speed there is dissolution apparatus a screw 28.
[0047]
　Biomass dewatered in the dewatering device 14 is sent to the drying device 35 as the following conditions 25 percent moisture is dried. A heat source at this time is the temperature of the drying device outlet temperature transmitter 36 in dry steam regulating valve 37 in the steam is controlled to be a predetermined value. The dried biomass is produced in a few centimeters of the pellets in the pellet production apparatus 15.
[0048]
　Bio fuel reforming system of the reference example described above, the atomization device 2 for atomizing a plant as a raw material, eluting the water-soluble substance in an atmospheric pressure environment from atomized plants atomizer 2 a dissolution apparatus 6, a dehydrator 14 for dehydrating the plant discharged from the dissolution apparatus 6, for storing a pellet storage silo 17 for storing the dewatered in the dewatering device 14 plants, the solution discharged from the dehydrator 14 elution and a liquid tank 20.
[0049]
　The plants were atomized, immersed atomized vegetable water normal pressure, dehydrating the soaked plant water at normal pressure, the dehydration plant used as a fuel, utilizing a solution obtained by the dehydration as fertilizer it is, bio-fuel reformer capable of removing Karyuumu or chlorine by a simple technique without the need for high-pressure environment, it provides a method.
[0050]
　Biomass shows the time course of the residual concentration when soaked in water with reference to FIG. Graph of FIG. 7 (a) obtained by atomizing palm empty bunches (EFB) to 20mm or less, the graph of FIG. 7 (b) is a graph of the bamboo chips. Each left graph hot water, right graph are those soaked in water. The vertical axis of each graph, the left residual Karyuumu concentration, the right is the residual chlorine concentration, the horizontal axis represents the passage of time.
[0051]
　From the right side of the graph, it can be seen that is eluted (if atomized) sufficiently Karyuumu or chlorine just soaked in water. If Hitase in hot water, it can be seen that is caused to efficiently elute the further Karyuumu or chlorine than for water.
[0052]
　Figure 8 shows the bamboo when soaked in water, the time transition of the residual concentration of chlorine and Karyuumu. If FIG. 8 (a) was dipped in hot water, showing the results of FIG. 8 (b) was immersed in room temperature water. Vertical axis chlorine concentration of the graph on the left, respectively, the vertical axis of potassium concentration in the right graph, the horizontal axis shows the time soaked. In each graph shows a comparison data between the particle diameter of 6mm below the chip and the particle diameter 150μm or less powder.
[0053]
　For example, from the changes in the potassium concentration in Fig. 8, but the lower limit of 0.1% in 6mm chips, it reads as 0.05% when the 150μm powder is lower. That sufficient atomization can be said to not only increase the dissolution rate, also has the effect of increasing the elution volume itself.
[0054]
　9 shows, as a modification result of the bamboo, chlorine concentration, Karyuumu density, calorific value, ash softening temperature, ash melting temperature, the flow temperature of the ash shows numbers following modification before reforming.
[0055]
　Be able to mass elute example base component and thereby just as eluted to a high softening temperature, such as silica, the softening temperature of the end ash does not rise, it becomes unsuitable as a fuel. Modification results shown in Figure 9, the softening temperature, has a melting temperature flow temperature all elevated 1100 ° C. or more, it can be seen that has the properties suitable for the fuel.
[Reference Example 3]
　FIG. 10 shows a reference example of the cycle of the waste from bamboo fuel and 0. Atomized bamboo residue and fertilizers in the reformer by atomization apparatus is divided into Takezanzai chip (end leaves, crushed, such as twigs).
[0056]
　The residue after being dried heat boiler, is supplied to the boiler as fuel. The amount is not supplied to the boiler of the residue, it can be sold as a biofuel, such as by pelletizing.
[0057]
　Fertilizers and Takezanzai chip is subjected to a mixer along with the ashes discharged from the boiler, is processed into liquid fertilizers. The liquid manure, nitrogen, phosphate, may be any at least 8% of the concentration in total of two or more elements of the three elements of Karyuumu, this embodiment satisfy this condition.
[0058]
　In the present embodiment, utilizes all the bamboo is put into atomizer as fuel or fertilizer. That waste from bamboo is zero. The resulting liquid fertilizers be used to train bamboo, it is possible to form the circulation cycle.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS
[0059]
1: Accept hopper, 2: atomizer, 3: feed hopper, 4: feed hopper level sensor 5: rotary feeder, 6: dissolution apparatus, 7: temperature transmitters, 8: steam flow rate adjustment valve, 9: Concentration adjustment valve, 10: chlorine-Karyuumu concentration transmitter, 11: eluent water level adjusting valve, 12: eluent water level transmitter, 13: dissolution apparatus discharge rotary feeder, 14: dehydrator, 15: pelletizer 16: bucket conveyor , 17: pellet storage silo, 18: payout valve, 19: transportation closed truck, 20: eluting liquid tank, 21: eluent pump 22: eluate tank level transmitter, 23: eluate tank level control valve, 24: leachate level adjusting liquid header 25: eluent injection nozzle, 26: overflow Ekitoi, 27: dissolution apparatus inner wall, 28: dissolution apparatus screw, 29: Detection device steam jacket, 30: Overflow tube 31: industrial water injection header, 32: biomass inlet, 33: biomass outlet, 34: Biomass guide plate, 35: drying apparatus, 36: drying device outlet temperature transmitter, 37 : dry steam regulating valve ,, 38: transport fan, 39: coating material silo, 40: reformer, 41: transport tube, 42: bag filter, 43: fuel chip silo

WE CLAIM

Plants were atomized, the plants atomized by immersion in water at normal pressure eluted fertilizer component, dehydrated the plants soaked in water under normal pressure, it melts at temperatures above 1500 ° C. to the dehydrated vegetable vegetable biofuel reforming method characterized by adding a high melting temperature material to.
[Requested item 2]
　It said high melting temperature materials plant bio fuel reforming method according to claim 1 which is silica or calcium oxide.
[Requested item 3]
　Said high melting temperature materials, the dehydrated vegetable biofuel modification method of claim 1 applied in the transportation step of the plant.
[Requested item 4]
　It said high melting temperature materials, the eluted amount vegetable biofuel modification method of claim 1 applied to supplement the ash contained in the fertilizer component.
[Requested item 5]
　Vegetable biofuel modification method of claim 1 wherein the plant is a bamboo.
[Requested item 6]
　And atomizing device for atomizing a plant,
　a dissolution apparatus eluting the water-soluble substance in an atmospheric pressure environment from atomized plant by the atomizing device,
　a dehydrator for dehydrating the plant discharged from the dissolution apparatus When,
　a replacement device applying high melt temperature material that melts at temperatures above 1500 ° C. the plants were dehydrated by the dehydrating device,
　a silo for storing the plants in which the high melting temperature material is applied in the replacement device ,
　the eluate tank for storing a solution discharged from the dehydrator
　plant bio fuel reforming system having a.
[Requested item 7]
　Wherein on a path connecting dewatering device and the silo plant bio fuel reforming system according to claim 6, wherein the replacement device is connected.
[Requested item 8]
　And atomizing device for atomizing a plant,
　a dissolution apparatus eluting the water-soluble substance in an atmospheric pressure environment from atomized plant by the atomizing device,
　a dehydrator for dehydrating the plant discharged from the dissolution apparatus When,
　a replacement device applying high melt temperature material that melts at temperatures above 1500 ° C. the plants were dehydrated by the dehydrating device,
　a silo with a bag filter that functions as the replacement device, the at the replacement device a silo for storing the plant high melting temperature material is applied,
　and a effluent tank for storing a solution discharged from the dewatering device,
　the bag filter such that the bag filter serves as the replacement device said high melting temperature materials are included, the coating material is a vegetable biofuel adhering between the fibers of the bag filter to the coating material Quality system.