The field of Invention;
The field of invention relates plant nutritional composition, more particularly the field of invention relates to plant nutritional having phosphogypsum, vermicompost, nutrients;
Background of invention and prior art;
Soil supplements are 'non-fertilizers' materials and when applied to the soil improve physical properties of the soil and growth and vigor of the crop. Soils are degraded because of the excessive use of irrigation, imbalance use of chemical fertilizers, erosion, improper agricultural practices. The degraded soil (saline, acidic soil, sodic saline , barren etc.) account for approximately 147.5 million hectares of land in India. The saline soils are approximately 2.05 Mha of the degraded soil which need to be urgently corrected . To improve the fertility of such soils the soil conditioners like gypsum, organic matter, play an important role;
Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dehydrate with the chemical formula Ca S04. 2H20 which can be sources as natural source "natural gypsum" is mined from naturally occurring deposits in various regions of the world. In most cases, natural gypsum is formed as sea water evaporates?. In addition to the wallboard industry and cement manufacturing, natural gypsum is also utilized in agriculture as calcium and sulfur are two key nutrient components needed by plants. More specifically, natural gypsum contains calcium sulfate at varying concentrations, usually at less moisture content and lower calcium sulfate purity as compared to synthetic gypsum. Natural gypsum, because of its lower moisture content and free flowing granular form, can be easier to spread with conventional farm equipment. Because natural gypsum has insoluble mineral components and also solubilizes slowly, natural gypsum can provide a slow continual release of low level sulfur to the soil for more than just the year it is applied. However, this slow release of sulfur can reduce the availability of the sulfur from natural gypsum when it is needed to promote plant growth, which can be a disadvantage since the sulfur is not readily available and, thus, leaches through the soil without adding nutrients to the plant at the time period when needed.
Phosphogypsum is the term used for the gypsum, by-product of wet-acid production of phosphoric acid from rock phosphate. It is essentially hydrated CaS04, with small proportions of P, F, Si, Fe, AI, several minor elements, heavy metals, and radionuclides as impurities. Phosphogypsum appears to be good source of S and Ca for crops. Most of the studies showed that surface-applied gypsum or

phosphogypsum ameliorated subsoil toxicity, acidity, and infertility in shorter time periods than did surface-applied lime materials. Phosphogypsum may prove to be superior to mined gypsum as an ameliorant for subsoil Al toxicity, acidity, infertility and as a conditioner for sodic soils, hardsetting clay soils, and subsoil hardpans because of its much higher rate of dissolution, compared to that of mined gypsum. Gypsum and phosphogypsum, where they are readily accessible, are potential bulk carriers for micronutrients and low-analysis fertilizers. Increasing environmental demands to prevent contamination of ground water with nitrates and to minimize applied N and P losses in runoff, losses that promote rapid eutrophication of surface waters, may require the use of low-analysis fertilizers in commercial agriculture, at more frequent application, as they are now commonly used in recreational and residential lawns and gardens.
Alternatively, phosphogypsum is also termed as synthetic gypsum which is mainly formed as byproduct during the manufacturing of phosphoric acid, (do you want to put more)
Vermicompost is the product or process of composting using various worms, usually red wigglers, white worms, and other earthworms to create a heterogeneous mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, vermicastor vermicompost is a source of small quantities of plant nutrients, plant groth promoters and have the following properties -
Soil
• Improves soil aeration
• Enriches soil with micro-organisms (adding enzymes such as phosphates and cellulase)
• Microbial activity in worm castings is 10 to 20 times higher than in the soil and organic matter that the worm ingests27
• Attracts deep-burrowing earthworms already present in the soil
• Improves water holding capacity[28] are you going to include bibliography - numeric
Plant growth
• Enhances germination, plant growth, and crop yield
• Improves root growth and structure
• Enriches soil with micro-organisms (adding plant hormones such as auxins and gibberellic acid)[
Economic

• Bio-wastes conversion reduces waste flow to landfills
• - Elimination of bio-wastes from the waste stream reduces contamination of other recyclables
collected in a single bin (a common problem in communities practicing single-stream recycling
• Creates low-skill jobs at local level
• Low capital investment and relatively simple technologies make vermicomposting practical for less-developed agricultural regions
Environmental
• Helps to close the "metabolic gap" through recycling waste on-site
• Large systems often use temperature control and mechanized harvesting, however other equipment is relatively simple and does not wear out quickly1
• Production reduces greenhouse gas emissions such as methane and nitric oxide (produced in landfills or incinerators when not composted or through methane harvest).
Object of the invention;
Therefore it is an object of the present invention to provide soil supplement composition; it is also an object of the invention is to provide plant nutritional composition,
It is also an object of the invention is to provide plant nutritional composition which is prepared from the gypsum, vermicompost, nutrients;
It is also an object of the invention is to provide a plant nutritional composition which utilizes the phosphogypsum as main constituents therefore, provides an appropriate utilization of Phosphogypsum which is by-product formed during manufacturing of the phosphoric acid,
It is also an object of the invention to provide highly nutritional composition of Phosphogypsum and Vermicompost for increasing the plant production;
Summary of the invention;
In one of the important aspect of the invention, it is provided that a plant nutritional composition prepared from the gypsum, vermicompost and nutrients for increasing the yield in the production by using an effective ratio of the gypsum, vermicompost and nutrients, in the preferred mode of the

invention the gypsum used for the plant nutritional composition includes the phosphogypsum which is formed as the by-product during the manufacture of the phosphoric acid; the phosphogypsum as the main constituent provides a role of the soil supplement for maintaining the fertility of the soil, and vermicompost acts as the nutritional constituent along with the micronutrients and macxronutrients
Detailed Description of the invention;
In one of the most important aspect of the invention, it is provided that the combination of the gypsum as phosphogypsum with Vermicompost along with the nutrient is provided for increasing the yield of the agriculture product by improving the soil condition ,
The gypsum utilized for the purpose of the composition of the present invention can be natural gypsum or phosphogypsum which is obtained as the by-product during manufacturing of the phosphoric acid,

Thus, phosphogypsum which is byproduct formed during manufacturing of the phosphoric acid used as the main ingredient in the composition of the preset invention;
In the preferred mode of the invention, it is provided that the amount of the gypsum or phosphogypsum present in the composition is in the range of 65-70 % w/w; the element present in the phosphogypsum is found to be calcium and sulphur in the range of 12-17 % or 8-14% w/w;
In a preferred mode for the invention the particle size of the gypsum or phosphogypsum is of small sized particles and size is about 5-100 micrometers in diameter,
In an another important aspect of the invention, it is provided that the Vermicompost added to the gypsum increases the fertility of soil,
Vermicompost is the product or process of composting using various worms, usually red wigglers, white worms, and other earthworms to create a heterogeneous mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, and vermicast. Vermicast, also called worm castings, worm humus or worm manure, is the end-product of the breakdown of organic matter by an earthworm. These castings have been shown to contain reduced levels of contaminants and a higher saturation of nutrients than do organic materials before vermicomposting,

Vermicompost is an excellent, nutrient-rich organic fertilizer and soil conditioner. Vermicompost has
been shown to be richer in many nutrients than compost produced by other composting methods. It
has also outperformed a commercial plant medium with nutrients added, but levels
of magnesium required adjustment, it is rich in microbial life which converts nutrients already present in
the soil into plant-available forms. Unlike other compost, worm castings also contain worm mucus which
helps prevent nutrients from washing away with the first watering and holds moisture better than plain
soil;
It is found that the Vermicompost is rich source of nutrients like Potassium, Nitrate, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, and Chloride and have the potential for improving plant growth than pit compost and garden soil (control). The optimal plant growth in our study conducted for a period of one month was found in pots containing Vermicompost.
Chemical characteristics of vermicompost

S. No Chemical parameters Range
1 PH 8.41
2 Conductivity 3.2Mmho
3 TDS 2260 mg/l
4 Na + 92 mg/l
5 K+ 1575 mg/l
6 Chloride 9mg
7 Nitrate 1.494
8 Calcium 15 mg
9 Magnesium lOmg
In one of the most preferred mode of the invention it is provided that the amount of the Vermicompost is in the range of 25-32 % w/w;
In an another mode of the present invention it is provided that the nutrients which includes macro and micronutrients are added to the combination of the gypsum and vermicompost in order to supply the nutrients for increasing the yield of the agriculture production;

There are 13 mineral nutrients, which come from the soil, are dissolved in water and absorbed through a plant's roots. There are not always enough of these nutrients in the soil for a plant to grow healthy. This is why many farmers and gardeners use fertilizers to add the nutrients to the soil.
The mineral nutrients are divided into two groups: macronutrients and micronutrients.
Macron utrients;
Macronutrients can be broken into two more groups further primary and secondary nutrients.
The primary nutrients are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). These major nutrients usually are lacking from the soil first because plants use large amounts for their growth and survival.
The secondary nutrients are calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S). There are usually enough of these nutrients in the soil so fertilization is not always needed. Also, large amounts of Calcium and Magnesium are added when lime is applied to acidic soils. Sulfur is usually found in sufficient amounts from the slow decomposition of soil organic matter, an important reason for not throwing out grass clippings and leaves.
Micronutrients;
Micronutrients are those elements essential for plant growth which are needed in only very small
(micro) quantities. These elements are sometimes called minor elements or trace elements, but use of
the term micronutrient is encouraged by the American Society of Agronomy and the Soil Science Society
of America. The micronutrients are boron '(B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chloride (CI),
manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo) and zinc (Zn). Recycling organic matter such as grass clippings and
tree leaves is an excellent way of providing micronutrients (as well as macronutrients) to growing plants.
Macronutrients;
Nitrogen (N)
• Nitrogen is a part of all living cells and is a necessary part of all proteins, enzymes and metabolic processes involved in the synthesis and transfer of energy.

• Nitrogen is a part of chlorophyll, the green pigment of the plant that is responsible for photosynthesis.
• Helps plants with rapid growth, increasing seed and fruit production and improving the quality of leaf and forage crops.
• Nitrogen often comes from fertilizer application and from the air (legumes get their N from the atmosphere, water or rainfall contributes very little nitrogen)
Phosphorus(P)
• Like nitrogen, phosphorus (P) is an essential part of the process of photosynthesis.
• Involved in the formation of all oils, sugars, starches, etc.
• Helps with the transformation of solar energy into chemical energy; proper plant maturation; withstanding stress.
• Effects rapid growth.
• Encourages blooming and root growth.
• Phosphorus often comes from fertilizer, bone meal, and superphosphate.
Potassium (K)
• Potassium is absorbed by plants in larger amounts than any other mineral element except nitrogen and, in some cases, calcium.
• Helps in the building of protein, photosynthesis, fruit quality and reduction of diseases.
• Potassium is supplied to plants by soil minerals, organic materials, and fertilizer.
Calcium (Ca)
• Calcium, an essential part of plant cell wall structure, provides for normal transport and retention of other elements as well as strength in the plant. It is also thought to counteract the effect of alkali salts and organic acids within a plant.
• Sources of calcium are dolomitic lime, gypsum, and superphosphate.
Magnesium (Mg)

• Magnesium is part of the chlorophyll in all green plants and essential for photosynthesis. It also helps activate many plant enzymes needed for growth.
• Soil minerals, organic material, fertilizers, and dolomitic limestone are sources of magnesium for plant
• Sulfur (S) Essential plant food for production of protein.
• Promotes activity and development of enzymes and vitamins.
• Helps in chlorophyll formation.
• Improves root growth and seed production.
• Helps with vigorous plant growth and resistance to cold.
• Sulfur may be supplied to the soil from rainwater. It is also added in some fertilizers as an impurity, especially the lower grade fertilizers. The use of gypsum also increases soil sulfur level
Micronutrients Boron (B)
• Helps in the use of nutrients and regulates other nutrients.
• Aids production of sugar and carbohydrates.
• Essential for seed and fruit development.
• Sources of boron are organic matter and borax
Copper(Cu)
• Important for reproductive growth.
• Aids in root metabolism and helps in the utilization of proteins.
Chloride (CI)
• Aids plant metabolism.
• Chloride is found in the soil
Iron (Fe)
• Essential for formation of chlorophyll.

• Sources of iron are the soil, iron sulfate, iron chelate.
Manganese (Mn)
• Functions with enzyme systems involved in breakdown of carbohydrates, and nitrogen metabolism.
• Soil is a source of manganese
Molybdenum (Mo)
• Helps in the use of nitrogen
• Soil is a source of molybdenum.
Zinc (Zn)
• Essential for the transformation of carbohydrates.
• Regulates consumption of sugars;
• Part of the enzyme systems which regulate plant growth.
• Sources of zinc are soil, zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, zinc chelate;
In the preferred mode of the present invention it is provided that the amount of the micronutrients present in the range of 2-3 % w/w, which does not includes those nutrients which are not part of inherently present in the soil or provided from the other sources of the composition of the present invention;
In the most important aspect of the invention it is provided that the composition of the present invention is prepared by blending in the mechanical mixture on the ratio, which is effective for increasing the growth of crops in the field, the most important aspect of the invention it is found that the ratio of gypsum or phosphogypsum, vermicompost, nutrients is in the range of the 65-70 %;, 25 -33%, 2-3 % w/w;
In one of the most important aspect of the invention it provided that he composition of the present invention is as follows;

Table 2

Table 1

Constituent Amount in % w/w
N 0.65 - 0.100%
P 0.65 - 0.80%
K 0.65 - 0.80%
Gypsum 65-70 %
Zn 250-500ppm
Fe 1000-5500 ppm
Cu 50-150ppm
Mn 50-400ppm
B 25-125ppm
Colour Grey
PH 5-5.6
Moisture 10 -15%
Bulk Density 0.95-0.98
Vermicompost 25 - 33%
Conductivity 0.012-0.15 me/v

Constituent Amount in % w/w
N 0.65-0.100%
P 0.65 - 0.80%
K 0.65 - 0.80%
Phosphogypsum 65-70 %
Zn 250-500ppm
Fe 1000-5500 ppm
Cu 50-150ppm
Mn 50-400ppm
B 25-125ppm
Colour Grey
PH 5-5.6
Moisture 10 -15%
Bulk Density 0.95-0.98
Vermicompost 25 - 33%
Conductivity 0.012-0.15 me/v

Table 3

Parameters amount
N 0.65-0.100%
P 0.65 - 0.80%
K 0.65 - 0.80%
Ca 12 -17%
S 8 -14%
Zn 250-500ppm
Fe 1000-5500 ppm
Cu 50-150ppm
Mn 50-400ppm
B 25-125ppm
Colour Grey
PH 5-5.6
Moisture 10 -15%
Bulk Density 0.95-0.98
% Organic Matter 25 - 35%
Conductivity 0.012-0.15 me/v
Field trials of the composition of the present invention, it is provided that the field trial on the several crops are supplied with the composition of the present invention shows the surprising results in improving health and yield of the crops, these crops includes but not limited to mentioned crops in the specification, the trials are conducted for following crops Sweat-Potato, wheat, Sugarcane, Soybean,
Table 4

Treatment Wt. of Sweat-potato tubers (gm)
T 980
Control 380
Table 5

Treatment Wt. of Wheat grains (kg)
T 180.96
Control 95.6
Table 5

Treatment
Weight of Sugarcane (Kg)
T 87.46
Control 31.32
Table 6

Treatment Weight of beans
T 902
Control 303

Examples
1. Preparation batch of 1000 kg of the plant nutritional composition;
About 650 kg of the gypsum is pulverized to the make the uniform size of less than 100u.m after which added in the mixture further 320 kg of vermicompost which is of the dried and uniform in nature is added, and the mixer is rotated for the blending to make the homogenous mixture, after this combination of micronutrients up to 30 gm is added in the homogenous mixture and finally blended as composition;
2. Preparation batch of 1000 kg of the plant nutritional composition;
About 650 kg of the phosphogypsum is pulverized to the make the uniform size of less than lOOμm after which added in the mixture further 320 kg of vermicompost which is of the dried and uniform in nature is added, and the mixer is rotated for the blending to make the homogenous mixture, after this combination of micronutrients up to 30 gm is added in the homogenous mixture and finally blended as composition;
3. Preparation batch of 1000 kg of the plant nutritional composition;
About 700 kg of the phosphogypsum is pulverized to the make the uniform size of less than 100pm after which added in the mixture further 270 kg of vermicompost which is of the dried and uniform in nature is added, and the mixer is rotated for the blending to make the homogenous mixture, after this combination of micronutrients up to 30 gm is added in the homogenous mixture and finally blended as composition;

Claims;
1. Plant nutritional composition comprising of gypsum or phosphogypsum, vermicompost, nutrients, wherein phosphogypsum includes natural or synthetic phosphogypsum which is obtained as by-product in the manufacturing of phosphoric acid;
2. Plant nutritional composition according to claim 1 wherein gypsum or phosphogypsum, vermicompost, nutrients are in the ratio of 6;7%; 2.5-3.3%, 2.0-3.0 % w/w; respectively;
3. Plant nutritional composition according to claim 1 wherein gypsum or phosphogypsum is in the range of 65-70 % w/w.
4. Plant nutritional composition according to claim 1 wherein vermicompost is in the range of 25 to 33 % w/w;
5. Plant nutritional composition according to claim 1 wherein micronutrient is in the range of 2.0 to 3.0 % w/w;
6. Plant nutritional composition according to claim 1 wherein gypsum or phosphogypsum particle size is less than 100 pirn;
7. Plant nutritional composition according to claim 1 wherein phosphogypsum of is having calcium and sulphur in the range of 12-17 % or 8-14% w/w as constituents;