[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to field of automobiles. More particularly, the
present disclosure provides a device for monitoring pollution in heavy duty and light weight
vehicles.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the
present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or
relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly
referenced is prior art.
[0003] Rise in use of technology inclined machines has given escalation to environmental
threats. One of major contributing factor that has been discovered to led to a hazardous
environment is pollution. Though it is varied in its type, but most threatening is air pollution that
is deliberately coercing entire human race to live on air purifiers rather than natural environment.
Consequently, due to decrease in air purity, a number of newer diseases and respiratory ailments
like asthma, bronchitis, cancer etc. are originating that are disconcerting survival of human race
and other creatures. Though, plantation of high number of trees may provide a solution in later
future but problem can be eradicated if biggest source of its origination is monitored and
controlled.
[0004] Vehicles including heavy vehicles, and the likes are a major pollution contributing
entities. Though, government has opened a number of Pollution Under Control (PUC)Centres
that monitor pollution constituents like Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2)
, Nitrogen
dioxide (NOx)
, Sulphur dioxide (SOx), and Particulate Matter (PM) of exhaust emitted by vehicle.
Still addressing this issue is challenging to an extent due to multiple reasons.
[0005] Once vehicle undergoes pollution check mechanism and has authentication for a
certain period of time, it becomes perplexing for vehicle owner to recognize pollution percentage
if vehicle has encountered some kind of technical problem. Apparently, lack of cognizance
pertaining to pollution related facts and figures is another major reason due to which owner of
vehicle is not able to fix the pollution problem.
3
[0006] There is a need to overcome above mentioned problems by bringing solution to
monitor pollution in heavy duty and light weight vehicles. The solution can aid vehicle owner in
alerting about pollution constituent emitted by the vehicle and in keeping environment clean,
green and pollution free
OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[0007] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein
satisfies are as listed herein below.
[0008] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a device, that helps in checking
pollution constituents of exhaust of the vehicle
[0009] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a device,that is not machine fixed
and easily attached to existing machines.
[0010] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a device, that alert vehicle owner or
driver for increased pollution caused by their respective vehicles.
[0011] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a device, that aids RTO in
identifying vehicles emitting un burnt hydrocarbon in excess and increasing pollution.
[0012] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a device, that helps in keeping
environment clean and pollution free.
[0013] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a device, that includes sensors of
less weight.
[0014] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide an innovative, safe, less heavy,
device for pollution monitoring for heavy duty and light weight vehicles.
SUMMARY
[0015] The present disclosure relates generally to field of automobiles. More particularly, the
present disclosure provides a device for monitoring pollution in heavy duty and light weight
vehicles.
[0016] An aspect of the present disclosure pertains to a pollution monitoring device for
vehicle, the device may include a first set of sensors configured to detect a first set of parameters
of a vehicle, and correspondingly generate a first set of signals, a second set of sensors to detect a
second set of parameters of the vehicle, and correspondingly generate a second set of signals, a
4
processing unit operatively coupled with the first set of sensors and the second set of sensors,
and where the processing unit may include one or more processors coupled with a memory, the
memory storing instructions executable by the one or more processors and configured to extract
a third set of signals and a fourth set of signals from the first set of signals and second set of
signals respectively, where the third set of signals pertain to concentrations of one or more
pollutants present in exhaust gases emitted by the vehicle, and the fourth set of signals pertain to
temperature and pressure parameters associated with exhaust gases of the vehicle, compare the
extracted concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and temperature and pressure parameters
with a data set, wherein the data set comprises predefined limit ranges, and generate a set of
alarm signals, when at least one of the extracted concentrations of one or more pollutants, and
temperature and pressure parameters are beyond the predefined limit ranges, and one or more
illuminating devices operatively coupled with the processing unit, where at least one of the one
or more illuminating devices is illuminated in response to the generated set of alarm signals.
[0017] In an aspect, the first set of sensors may include any or a combination of lambda
sensor, mass airflow sensor, and Universal Exhaust Gas Oxygen sensor (UEGO), Carbon dioxide
(CO2) sensor, Carbon monoxide (CO) sensor, Hydrocarbon (HC) detector, Sulphur dioxide
(SO2) sensor, Nitrous dioxide (N2O) sensor, and Hydrogen dioxide (H2O) sensor, and
Particulate Matter (PM) sensor.
[0018] In an aspect, the second set of sensors may include any or a combination of
Particulate Filter Temperature sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, Exhaust gas pressure
sensor, turbo compressor temperature sensor.
[0019] In an aspect, the device may include a control unit operatively coupled with the
processing unit and the one or more illuminating devices, and configured to receive the set of
alarm signals, and a data pertaining to the concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and
temperature and pressure parameters associated with the exhaust gases.
[0020] In an aspect, the one or more illuminating devices may include any or a combination
of light emitting diode (LED), red led, green led, orange led, and yellow led.
[0021] In an aspect, the device may be configured to communicatively couple with a
computing device, and transmit the set of alert signals, and a data pertaining to the
concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and temperature and pressure parameters associated
with the exhaust gases to the computing device.
5
[0022] In an aspect, the computing device may include any or a combination of cell phone,
laptop, palmtop, I pad, and tablet.
[0023] In an aspect, the device may include a communication unit operatively coupled with
the processing unit, and configured to communicatively couple the computing device with the
processing unit.
[0024] In an aspect, the communication unit may include any or a combination of Wireless
Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, and Li-Fi, optical fibre, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), and
ZigBee.
[0025] In an aspect, the first set of sensors and the second set of sensors may configured at a
predetermined position in the vehicle, where the predetermined position may include any or a
combination of exhaust, smoke pipe, silencer, turbo compressor, particulate filter and diesel
engine of the vehicle
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the
present disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The
drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the
description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.
[0027] The diagrams are for illustration only, which thus is not a limitation of the present
disclosure, and wherein:
[0028] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of the proposed device for pollution monitoring in
vehicles, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 2 illustrates exemplary functional components of processing unit of the proposed
device for pollution monitoring in vehicles, in accordance with an embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 3 illustrates overall components of the proposed device for pollution monitoring
in vehicles, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 4 illustrates an oxygen or lambda sensor of the proposed device, in accordance
with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0032] FIG. 5 illustrates particulate filter temperature sensor of the proposed device, in
accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
6
[0033] FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B illustrates side view and front view of a mass airflow sensor
respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 7A and FIG.7B illustrates workflow of the proposed device for pollution
monitoring in vehicles.
DETAIL DESCRIPTION
[0035] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to
provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to
one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without some
of these specific details.
[0036] Embodiments of the present invention include various steps, which will be described
below. The steps may be performed by hardware components or may be embodied in machineexecutable instructions, which may be used to cause a general-purpose or special-purpose
processor programmed with the instructions to perform the steps. Alternatively, steps may be
performed by a combination of hardware, software, firmware and/or by human operators.
[0037] Embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a computer program
product, which may include a machine-readable storage medium tangibly embodying thereon
instructions, which may be used to program a computer (or other electronic devices) to perform a
process. The machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, fixed (hard) drives,
magnetic tape, floppy diskettes, optical disks, compact disc read-only memories (CD-ROMs),
and magneto-optical disks, semiconductor memories, such as ROMs, PROMs, random access
memories (RAMs), programmable read-only memories (PROMs), erasable PROMs (EPROMs),
electrically erasable PROMs (EEPROMs), flash memory, magnetic or optical cards, or other
type of media/machine-readable medium suitable for storing electronic instructions (e.g.,
computer programming code, such as software or firmware).
[0038] Various methods described herein may be practiced by combining one or more
machine-readable storage media containing the code according to the present invention with
appropriate standard computer hardware to execute the code contained therein. An apparatus for
practicing various embodiments of the present invention may involve one or more computers (or
one or more processors within a single computer) and storage systems containing or having
network access to computer program(s) coded in accordance with various methods described
7
herein, and the method steps of the invention could be accomplished by modules, routines,
subroutines, or subparts of a computer program product.
[0039] If the specification states a component or feature “may”, “can”, “could”, or “might”
be included or have a characteristic, that particular component or feature is not required to be
included or have the characteristic.
[0040] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning
of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the
context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0041] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference
to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments are shown. This invention
may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to
the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this invention will be
thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those of ordinary skill
in the art. Moreover, all statements herein reciting embodiments of the invention, as well as
specific examples thereof, are intended to encompass both structural and functional equivalents
thereof. Additionally, it is intended that such equivalents include both currently known
equivalents as well as equivalents developed in the future (i.e., any elements developed that
perform the same function, regardless of structure).
[0042] While embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it
will be clear that the invention is not limited to these embodiments only. Numerous
modifications, changes, variations, substitutions, and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled
in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as described in the claim.
[0043] The present disclosure relates generally to field of automobiles. More particularly, the
present disclosure provides a device for monitoring pollution in heavy duty and light vehicles.
[0044] According to an aspect the present disclosure pertains to a pollution monitoring
device for vehicle, the device can include a first set of sensors configured to detect a first set of
parameters of a vehicle, and correspondingly generate a first set of signals, a second set of
sensors to detect a second set of parameters of the vehicle, and correspondingly generate a
second set of signals, a processing unit operatively coupled with the first set of sensors and the
second set of sensors, and where the processing unit can include one or more processors coupled
8
with a memory, the memory storing instructions executable by the one or more processors and
configured to extract a third set of signals and a fourth set of signals from the first set of signals
and second set of signals respectively, where the third set of signals pertain to concentrations of
one or more pollutants present in exhaust gases emitted by the vehicle, and the fourth set of
signals pertain to temperature and pressure parameters associated with exhaust gases of the
vehicle, compare the extracted concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and temperature and
pressure parameters with a data set, wherein the data set comprises predefined limit ranges, and
generate a set of alarm signals, when at least one of the extracted concentrations of one or more
pollutants, and temperature and pressure parameters are beyond the predefined limit ranges, and
one or more illuminating devices operatively coupled with the processing unit, where at least one
of the one or more illuminating devices is illuminated in response to the generated set of alarm
signals.
[0045] In an embodiment, the first set of sensors can include any or a combination of lambda
sensor, mass airflow sensor, and Universal Exhaust Gas Oxygen sensor (UEGO), Carbon dioxide
(CO2) sensor, Carbon monoxide (CO) sensor, Hydrocarbon (HC) detector, Sulphur dioxide
(SO2) sensor, Nitrous dioxide (N2O) sensor, and Hydrogen dioxide (H2O) sensor, and
Particulate Matter (PM) sensor.
[0046] In an embodiment, the second set of sensors can include any or a combination of
Particulate Filter Temperature sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, Exhaust gas pressure
sensor, turbo compressor temperature sensor.
[0047] In an embodiment, the device can include a control unit operatively coupled with the
processing unit and the one or more illuminating devices, and configured to receive the set of
alarm signals, and a data pertaining to the concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and
temperature and pressure parameters associated with the exhaust gases.
[0048] In an embodiment, the one or more illuminating devices can include any or a
combination of light emitting diode (LED), red led, green led, orange led, and yellow led.
[0049] In an embodiment, the device can be configured to communicatively couple with a
computing device, and transmit the set of alert signals, and a data pertaining to the
concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and temperature and pressure parameters associated
with the exhaust gases to the computing device.
9
[0050] In an embodiment, the computing device can include any or a combination of cell
phone, laptop, palmtop, I pad, and tablet.
[0051] In an embodiment, the device can include a communication unit operatively coupled
with the processing unit, and configured to communicatively couple the computing device with
the processing unit.
[0052] In an embodiment, the communication unit can include any or a combination of
Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, and Li-Fi, optical fibre, Wireless Local Area Network
(WLAN), and ZigBee.
[0053] In an embodiment, the first set of sensors and the second set of sensors can be
configured at a predetermined position in the vehicle, where the predetermined position can
include any or a combination of exhaust, smoke pipe, silencer, turbo compressor, particulate
filter and diesel engine of the vehicle.
[0054] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of the proposed device for pollution monitoring in
vehicles, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0055] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the proposed device 100 (also referred to as device 100,
herein) can include a first set of sensors 102, (also referred collectively as first sensors 102, and
individually as first sensor 102 respectively), a second set of sensors 104, (also referred
collectively as second sensors 102, and individually as second sensor 102 respectively), a
processing unit 106, and one or more illuminating devices 108 (also referred collectively as
illuminating devices 108, and individually as illuminating device 108, herein). The first sensor
102 and the second sensor 104 can be operatively coupled with the processing unit 106. The
illuminating device 108 can be operatively coupled with the processing unit 106.
[0056] In an embodiment, the first sensor 102 can be configured to detect a first set of
parameters associated with a vehicle, and can correspondingly generate a first set of signals. The
second sensor 104 can be configured to detect the second set of parameters associated with the
exhaust of the vehicle, and can correspondingly generate a second set of signals. In an illustrative
embodiment, the first sensor 102 can include any or a combination of lambda sensor, mass
airflow sensor, Universal Exhaust Gas Oxygen sensor (UEGO), Carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor,
Carbon monoxide (CO) sensor, Hydrocarbon (HC) detector, Sulphur dioxide (SO2) sensor,
Nitrous dioxide (N2O) sensor, and Hydrogen dioxide (H2O) sensor, and Particulate Matter (PM)
sensor. In another illustrative embodiment, the second sensor 104 can include any or a
10
combination of Particulate Filter Temperature sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor,
Exhaust gas pressure sensor, turbo compressor temperature sensor.
[0057] In an illustrative embodiment, the first sensor 102 can be configured to detect
parameters like oxygenor air content inside gas or liquid of smoke or petrol of the vehicle
respectively. In another illustrative embodiment, the first set of sensor such as mass airflow
sensor can be configured to detect the parameters like air mass flow rate throttled in diesel
engine of the vehicle. The first sensor 102 can be configured to detect the first set of parameters
like oxygen, air, air mass flow rate, Hydrocarbon (HC), Carbon(C), Carbon monoxide (CO),
Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Hydrogen dioxide (H2O), and can
correspondingly generate in a first set of electrical signals. The first set of electrical signals can
be transmitted to the processing unit 106 by the first sensor 102.
[0058] In an illustrative embodiment, the second sensors 104 such as particulate filter
temperature sensor can be configured to detect a second set of parameters like exhaust gas
temperature of the vehicle. In another illustrative embodiment, the exhaust gas pressure sensor
can be configured to detect the second set of parameters like pressure and force of the exhaust
gas emitted by the vehicle. The second sensor 104 can be configured to detect the second set of
parameters like the exhaust gas temperature and the exhaust gas force or pressure, and can
correspondingly generate a second set of electrical signals. The second set of electrical signals
can be transmitted to the processing unit 106 by the second sensors 104.
[0059] In an embodiment, the processing unit 106 can be configured to receive the set of
electrical signals from the first sensors 102 and the second sensors 104. The processing unit 106
can convert the received set of electrical signals from the first sensor 102, and the second sensor
104 in machine readable form. The processing unit 106 can convert the set of electrical signals
into machine readable form with help of sub units like an extraction unit, a comparison unit, a
signal generation unit, and other unit(s). The processing unit 106 can be configured to generate a
set of alarm signal through the signal generation unit and the illuminating device upon receiving
alarm signal from the processing unit 106 can be activated.
[0060] In an illustrative embodiment, the processing unit 106 can be microprocessor,
microcontroller, Arduino Uno, At mega 328, raspberry pi, and other similar processing unit 106.
The processing unit 106 can receive the first set of signals and the second set of signals in form
of a set of electrical signals. The processing unit 106 can convert the received electrical set of
11
signals into a machine readable form or binary codes with the help of the extraction unit 212.
Further, the processing unit 106 can be configured to extract a third set of signals and a fourth set
of signals from the first set of signals and the second set of signals in machine readable form, and
can transmit the extracted third set of signals and the fourth set of signals to the comparison unit
214.
[0061] In an embodiment, the illuminating device 108 can be operatively coupled with the
processing unit. The illuminating device 108 can be configured to receive the set of alarm signal
via a control unit inside the vehicle. In an illustrative embodiment, the control unit can include a
dashboard control unit operatively coupled with the processing unit 106 and the illuminating
device 108. In yet another illustrative embodiment, the illuminating device108 can include any
or a combination of light emitting diode (LED), red led, green led, orange led, yellow led and the
likes. The illuminating device 108 can operate upon receiving the set of alarm signals from the
processing unit 106. The illuminating device 108 can receive the set of alarm signals from the
processing unit 106 in machine readable form, and can convert the received set of alarm signals
from machine readable form in the set of electrical signals.
[0062] In an illustrative embodiment, the illuminating device 108 can operate according to
the set of alarm signals being received from the processing unit 106. The colour of illumination
of the illuminating device 108 such as LED can indicate a particular pollution constituent emitted
by the vehicle. The colour of illumination of the illuminating device 108 can further enable
owner or driver of the vehicle to become aware regrading pollution emitted by exhaust of the
vehicle and can take measures. In another illustrative embodiment, the red colour illumination of
the LED can indicate heavy pollution by the vehicle. Green colour illumination of the LED can
indicate no pollution and orange colour illumination indicates there is no need to check for the
pollution. According to illumination of different colour LED’s the owner or driver of the vehicle
can take precautions and can aid in saving environment from pollution.
[0063] In an illustrative embodiment, the illuminating device 108 can operate for a
predetermined time. The predetermined time can be determined with help of programmed
instructions given to the processing unit 106. The programmed instructions can be commands
given to the processing unit in form of codes and machine readable forms, which are executed by
the processing unit 106, and accordingly the predetermined time period is set.
12
[0064] FIG. 2 illustrates exemplary functional components of processing unit of the proposed
device for pollution monitoring in vehicles, in accordance with an embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0065] As illustrated in an embodiment, the processing unit 106 can include one or more
processor(s) 202. The one or more processor(s) 202 can be implemented as one or more
microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing
units, logic circuitries, and/or any devices that manipulate data based on operational instructions.
Among other capabilities, the one or more processor(s) 202 are configured to fetch and execute
computer-readable instructions stored in a memory 204 of the processing unit 106. The memory
204 can store one or more computer-readable instructions or routines, which may be fetched and
executed to create or share the data units over a network service. The memory 204 can include
any non-transitory storage device including, for example, volatile memory such as RAM, or nonvolatile memory such as EPROM, flash memory, and the like.
[0066] In an embodiment, the processing unit 106 can also include an interface(s) 206. The
interface(s) 206 may include a variety of interfaces, for example, interfaces for data input and
output devices, referred to as I/O devices, storage devices, and the like. The interface(s) 206 may
facilitate communication of the processing unit 106 with various devices coupled to the
processing unit 106. The interface(s) 206 may also provide a communication pathway for one or
more components of processing unit 106. Examples of such components include, but are not
limited to, processing engine(s) 208 and data 210.
[0067] In an embodiment, the processing engine(s) 208 can be implemented as a
combination of hardware and programming (for example, programmable instructions) to
implement one or more functionalities of the processing engine(s) 208. In examples described
herein, such combinations of hardware and programming may be implemented in several
different ways. For example, the programming for the processing engine(s) 208 may be
processor executable instructions stored on a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium
and the hardware for the processing engine(s) 208 may include a processing resource (for
example, one or more processors), to execute such instructions. In the present examples, the
machine-readable storage medium may store instructions that, when executed by the processing
resource, implement the processing engine(s) 208. In such examples, the processing unit 106 can
include the machine-readable storage medium storing the instructions and the processing
13
resource to execute the instructions, or the machine-readable storage medium may be separate
but accessible to processing unit 106 and the processing resource. In other examples, the
processing engine(s) 208 may be implemented by electronic circuitry. A database 210 can
include data that is either stored or generated as a result of functionalities implemented by any of
the components of the processing engine(s) 208.
[0068] In an embodiment, the processing engine(s) 208 can include an extraction unit 212, a
comparison unit 214, a signal generation unit 216, and other unit (s) 218. The other unit(s) 218
can implement functionalities that supplement applications or functions performed by the system
100 or the processing engine(s) 208.
[0069] The database 210 can include data that is either stored or generated as a result of
functionalities implemented by any of the components of the processing engine(s) 208.
[0070] It would be appreciated that units being described are only exemplary units and any
other unit or sub-unit may be included as part of the system 100. These units too may be merged
or divided into super- units or sub-units as may be configured.
[0071] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the processing unit 106 can include the extraction unit 212.
The extraction unit 212 can facilitate in extracting a third set of signals from a first set of signals
and a fourth set of signals from a second set of signals respectively. The first set of signals can be
generated by a first sensor 102, upon detection of a first set of parameters associated with the
exhaust gas of the vehicle. The second set of signals can be generated by a second sensor 104,
upon detection of a second set of parameters associated with the exhaust gas of the vehicle. The
third set of signals can pertain to the first set of parameters. The fourth set of signals can pertain
to the second set of parameters. The first set of parameters can include any or a combination of
oxygen, air, mass air flow, oxygen, air, air mass flow rate, Hydrocarbon (HC), Carbon(C),
Carbon monoxide (CO), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Hydrogen dioxide
(H2O), and the like of exhaust emitted by the vehicle. The second set of parameters can include
any or a combination of pressure, force, temperature, and the like of the exhaust emitted by the
vehicle. The extraction unit 212 can enable transmission of the extracted third set of signals and
the fourth set of signals from the first set of signals and the second set of signals received from
the first sensor 102 and second sensor 104 respectively to the comparison unit 214.
[0072] In an illustrative embodiment, the extraction unit 212 can be configured to receive the
first set of electrical signals and second set of electrical signals from the first sensor 102 and the
14
second sensor 104 respectively, where the first set of electrical signals can be associated with the
first set of parameters that can pertain to stimuli or physical parameters associated with
pollutants of the exhaust gases emitted by the vehicle, and the second set of electrical signals can
be associated with the second set of parameters that can pertain to stimuli or physical parameters
associated with the temperature and pressure of the exhaust of the vehicle. In another illustrative
embodiment, the first sensor 102 like oxygen sensor or mass airflow sensor, upon detection of
the oxygen and air content of the exhaust of the vehicle can facilitate in converting the detected
oxygen and air content parameters into the first set of electrical signals. The second sensor 104
such as particulate filter temperature sensor or exhaust gas pressure sensor, upon detection of the
pressure and temperature of the exhaust of the vehicle can facilitate in converting the
temperature and pressure parameters into the second set of electrical signals. The extraction unit
212 can receive the first set of electrical signals and the second set of electrical signals, and can
extract the third set of signals and fourth set of signals in machine readable form. The third set of
signals can pertain to concentrations of one or more pollutants present in exhaust gases emitted
by the vehicle and the fourth set of signals can pertain to the temperature, pressure and force
parameters of the exhaust gases emitted by the vehicle. Further, the extracted third set of signals
and fourth set of signals in the machine readable form is transmitted to the comparison unit 214.
[0073] In an illustrative embodiment, the comparison unit 214 can facilitate in comparing the
extracted concentrations of the one or more pollutants, where the one or more pollutants pertain
to the third set of signals, with a first dataset, where the first data set can pertain to a first
predefined limit ranges. The one or more pollutants can include any or a combination of HC, C,
CO, CO2, H2O, SO2, NO2, and the like. The comparison unit 214 can facilitate in comparing
the extracted temperature and pressure parameters of the exhaust gases of the vehicle, where the
temperature and pressure parameters pertain to the extracted fourth set of signals with a second
dataset, where the second dataset can pertain to a second predefined limit ranges. The first
dataset and the second dataset can be stored in the database 210. The first predefined limit ranges
can include threshold values stored in the database 210 and pertaining to the first set of
parameters associated with the exhaust of the vehicle. The comparison unit 214 can compare the
extracted concentrations of one or more pollutants, and the temperature and pressure parameters,
and can facilitate in finding whether the extracted concentrations of the one or more pollutants,
15
and the temperature and pressure parameters has reached the first predefined limit ranges and
second predefined limit ranges respectively.
[0074] In an illustrative embodiment, the comparison unit 214 can receive the extracted
concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and the temperature and pressure parameters in
machine readable form. The comparison unit 214 can facilitate in comparing the received
extracted concentrations of one or more pollutants, and the temperature and pressure parameters
in machine readable form with help of a comparator. The comparator can enable comparing the
extracted concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and the temperature and pressure
parameters with the first predefined limit ranges and second predefined ranges respectively. The
comparator can include an analogue comparator or a digital comparator. The digital comparators
can compare the concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and the temperature and pressure
parameters with the first predefined limit ranges and second predefined limit ranges respectively.
The digital comparators can facilitate comparison with help of logic gates such as AND, NOT or
NOR gates. The digital comparator can be configured to accept the extracted concentrations of
the one or more pollutants, and the temperature and pressure parameters in the machine readable
form. Further three conditions can be applied for the comparison of the extracted concentrations
of one or more pollutants, and the temperature and pressure parameters with the first predefined
limit ranges and the second predefined limit ranges.
[0075] In an illustrative embodiment, the three conditions associated with the digital
comparator can include a first condition, which can prevail when the extracted concentrations of
the one or more pollutantse, and the temperature and pressure parameters are found equal to the
first predefined limit ranges and second predefined limit ranges. A second condition can prevail
when the extracted concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and the temperature and
pressure parameters are found beyond the first predefined limit ranges and second predefined
limit ranges, and the third condition can prevail when the extracted concentrations of the one or
more pollutants, and the temperature and pressure parameters are found less than the first
predefined limit ranges and second predefined limit ranges. The digital comparator can compare
and transmit the compared concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and the temperature and
pressure parameters to the signal generation unit 216 in the machine readable form.
[0076] In an illustrative embodiment, the signal generation unit 216 can facilitate in
generating and transmitting a set of alarm signals to illuminating device 108. The illuminating
16
device 108 can be operatively coupled with the processing unit 106 and a control unit. The
illuminating device 108 can be configured to receive the set of alarm signals by processing unit
106 via control unit. The control unit can be operatively coupled with the illuminating device
108.The signal generation unit can be configured to generate and transmit the set of alert signals
when at least one of the concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and the temperature and
pressure parameters are found beyond the first predefined limit ranges and second predefined
limit ranges. The set of alarm signals can be generated and transmitted to the illuminating device
108, and the illuminating device 108 upon receiving the set of alarm signals can illuminate. The
illuminating device 108 can receive the set of alarm signals in the machine readable form and
can convert the received set of alarm signals from the machine readable form to a third set of
electrical signals. The third set of electrical signals can pertain to illuminated illumination device
108. The third set of electrical signals can pertain to different colour illuminated illumination
device 108.
[0077] In an illustrative embodiment, the signal generation unit 216 after identifying at least
one of the concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and the temperature and pressure
parameters exceed the first predefined limit ranges and the second predefined ranges, can
generate and transmit the set of alarm signals. The set of alarm signals can be transmitted to the
illuminating device 108 in the machine readable form. The signal generation unit 216 after
generating and transmitting the set of alarm signals to the illuminating device 108, can facilitate
the illuminating device 108 to illuminate. The illumination of the illuminating device 108 can be
visible on the control unit, which can aid in identifying level of pollution associated with exhaust
of the vehicle.
[0078] In an illustrative embodiment, the control unit can be dashboard of the vehicle. The
dashboard of the vehicle can be configured to display readings on display or space of the
dashboard. The description of the readings can be illustrated with below mentioned table.
S.NO. Pollutant*(gm/km) RPM Permissible limit Display Light
1 PMsensor 2500 + 200 0.0045 Green/Red
2 HC+NOx sensor 0.17 Green/Red
3 CO sensor 0.50 Green/Red
As per BS-VI Norms
17
[0079] As illustrated in table, the dashboard can display pollution constituents according to
weight per distance travelled by the vehicle. The weight of the pollution constituents can be in
grams and the distance travelled by the vehicle can be in kilometres. The first sensor like carbon
monoxide sensor, hydrocarbons ensor, nitrous oxide sensor can have first predetermined limit
ranges. The first predetermined limit ranges for the hydrocarbon with nitrous oxide sensor can be
within a range of 0.17 for RPM between range of 2500- 200 and 2500+ 200. The comparison
unit 214 can compare the extracted concentrations of the one or more pollutants with the first
predetermined limit range as specified above and correspondingly the signal generation unit can
generate the set of alarm signals to the illuminating device 108. The signal generation unit can
generate the set of alarm signal when at least one of the extracted concentrations of one or more
pollutants are found not be in the first predetermined limit ranges. When the extracted
concentrations of one or more pollutants like hydrocarbon with nitrous oxide are found beyond
the first predetermined limit range of 0.17, the set of alarm signals can be generated and
transmitted to the illuminating device 108, and can facilitate in illuminating red LED. The red
LED illumination can indicate high pollution emission by the vehicle. Similarly, when the
extracted concentrations of one or more pollutants, are found below the first predetermined limit
range of 0.17, the set of alarm signals can be generated and transmitted to the illuminating device
108, and can facilitate in illuminating green LED. The green LED illumination can indicate no
pollution emission by the vehicle.
[0080] In an illustrative embodiment, the first predetermined limit ranges for the carbon
monoxide sensor can be within a range of 0.50 for RPM between range of 2500- 200 and 2500+
200. When the extracted concentrations of one or more pollutants like carbon monoxide are
found beyond the first predetermined limit range of 0.50, the set of alarm signals can be
generated and transmitted to the illuminating device 108, and can facilitate in illuminating red
LED. The red LED illumination can indicate high pollution emission by the vehicle. Similarly,
when the extracted concentrations of one or more pollutants, arenot found to be in the first
predetermined limit range of 0.50, the set of alarm signals can be generated and transmitted to
the illuminating device 108, and can facilitate in illuminating green LED. The green LED
illumination can indicate no pollution emission by the vehicle.
[0081] In an illustrative embodiment, the second predetermined limit ranges for the first
sensor such as particulate sensor can be within a range of 0.0045 for RPM between range of
18
2500- 200 and 2500+ 200. When the extracted concentrations of one or more pollutants like
particulate matter (PM) are found beyond the first predetermined limit range of 0.0045, the set of
alarm signals can be generated and transmitted to the illuminating device 108, and can facilitate
in illuminating red LED. The red LED illumination can indicate high pollution emission by the
vehicle. Similarly, when the extracted concentrations of one or more pollutants, are found below
the first predetermined limit range of 0.0045, the set of alarm signals can be generated and
transmitted to the illuminating device 108, and can facilitate in illuminating green LED. The
green LED illumination can indicate no pollution emission by the vehicle.
[0082] FIG. 3 illustrates overall components of the proposed device for pollution monitoring
in vehicles, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0083] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the device 100 can be configured with a system, where the
system can include a dashboard control unit 302, an engine control unit 304, mass airflow sensor
102-1, diesel engine 306, turbo compressor temperature sensor 104-1, turbo compressor 308,
particulate filter temperature sensor 104-2, lambda sensor 102-2, particulate filter 310, exhaust
gas pressure sensor 104-3, post particulate filter temperature sensor 104-4, and muffler 312. The
engine control unit 304 can include a processing unit 106 such as Arduino or raspberry-pi,
configured to receive a first set of signals and a second set of signals from first sensors 102, and
second sensors 104 respectively. The first sensors 102 can include mass airflow sensor 102-1 and
lambda sensor 102-2. The second sensors 104 can include compressor temperature sensor 104-
1,particulate filter temperature sensor 104-2, exhaust gas pressure sensor 104-3, and post
particulate filter temperature sensor 104-4.
[0084] In an illustrative embodiment, the mass airflow sensor 102-1 can facilitate in
checkingair mass flow rate which is being throttled in the diesel engine 306. In another
illustrative embodiment, the turbo compressor temperature sensor 104-1 can be configured with
the turbo compressor 308 along with the particulate filter temperature sensor 104-2. The oxygen
sensor or lambda sensor 102-2, where lambda refers to air–fuel equivalence ratio, usually
denoted by λ) can facilitate inmeasuringproportion of oxygen (O2) in exhaust gas or other gas
entering the engine control unit 304. In yet another illustrative embodiment, the exhaust gas
pressure sensor 104-3 can be configured at a predetermined position in the vehicle, where the
predetermined position can include tail pipe, exhaust pipe or muffler 312. The exhaust gas
pressure sensor 104-3 can be configured near the exhaust and can facilitate in sensing smoke of
19
exhaust of the vehicle, and can correspondingly transmit the second set of signals to the
dashboard control unit 302.
[0085] FIG. 4 illustrates an oxygen or lambda sensor of the proposed device, in accordance
with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0086] As illustrated in FIG.4, the device 100 can include an oxygen or lambda sensor 102-2
configured to detect amount of oxygen content in exhaust of a vehicle.
[0087] FIG. 5 illustrates particulate filter temperature sensor of the proposed device, in
accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0088] As illustrated in FIG.5, the device 100 can include particulate filter temperature
sensor 104-2 configured to detect exhaust gas temperature. In an illustrative embodiment, the
Particulate Matter (PM) emitted by vehicle can include Carbon (C), Carbon dioxide (CO2),
water (H2O), Oxygen (O2), and Hydro Carbon (HC). The Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) can
facilitate in combination of HC with CO2 and H2O on increasing temperature of HC. In another
illustrative embodiment, Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) can facilitate in soot oxidation of Nitrous
Dioxide (N20) with O2. In yet another illustrative embodiment, a heavy diesel vehicle emitting
black smoke can indicate a large number of Un burnt HC(UBHC), the heavy diesel vehicle
emitting white smoke can indicate a large proportion of Carbon Monoxide (CO), and a SOOT
formation on exit of muffler312 can indicate a high percentage of PM.
[0089] FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B illustrates side view and front view of a mass airflow sensor
respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0090] In an embodiment, FIG. 6A illustrates side view of a mass airflow sensor 102-1, and
FIG. 6B illustrates front view of mass airflow sensor 102-1. In an illustrative embodiment, the
side view of the mass airflow sensor 102-1 can include connector 602, Mass Air Flow (MAF)
return 604, MAF signal 606, air temperature 608, sensor element 610, airflow 612. In another
illustrative embodiment, the front view of the mass airflow sensor 102-1 can include temperature
sensor.
[0091] FIG. 7A and FIG.7B illustrates workflow of the proposed device for pollution
monitoring in vehicles.
[0092] In an embodiment, FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B illustrates work flow of i the proposed
device 100 with help of a system 700. The system 700 can include dashboard 302, illuminating
device 108, engine 304, pollution monitoring device 100, and exhaust. The device 100 can
20
facilitate in monitoring black smoke emitted by the exhaust of a vehicle. The emission of smoke
and other one or more pollutants from the exhaust can aid driver or owner of the vehicle to take
preventive measures for pollution control. The device 100 can facilitate in monitoring type of
one or more pollutants emitted by the exhaust of the vehicle, with help of first sensor 102 and
second sensor 104. The first sensor 102 and second sensor 104 can be configured to generate a
first set of signals and a second set of signals respectively. The one or more pollutants can
include any or a combination of Hydrocarbon (HC), Carbon (C) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Hydrogen dioxide (H2O), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen dioxide (N2O), Particulate matter
(PM), and the like.
[0093] In an illustrative embodiment, the first set of signals and the second set of signals can
be transmitted to a processing unit 106, where the processing unit 106 can be operatively coupled
with the first sensor 102 and the second sensor 104. The processing unit 106 can be configured
with engine control unit 304.The processing unit 106 can generate a set of alarm signal to
facilitate in operating illuminating device 108. The illuminating device 108 can be configured
with the dashboard 302. The illuminating device 108 can be illuminated upon receiving the set of
alarm signals from the processing unit 106. The illuminating device 108 can include light
emitting diode (LED) of different colours like red, green, and orange. The illumination of the
green LED can indicate no pollution, emitted by the vehicle, illumination of the orange LED can
indicate there is a need to check the pollution, and the red LED can indicate high pollution
emitted by the vehicle The different colour LED’s illumination can be visible on the dashboard
302 and the owner or the driver of the vehicle can become aware about the pollution associated
with their respective vehicle.
[0094] In an illustrative embodiment, the device 100can be configured to communicatively
couple with a computing device, and transmit the set of alert signals, and a data pertaining to the
concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and temperature and pressure parameters associated
with the exhaust gases to the computing device. The data pertaining to the concentrations of the
one or more pollutants can include CO, CO2, HC, H20, SO2, NO2, and C, associated with the
exhaust gases. In another illustrative embodiment, the computing device can include any or a
combination of cell phone, laptop, palmtop, I pad, and tablet.
[0095] In an illustrative embodiment, the device 100 can include a communication unit
operatively coupled with the processing unit 106, and configured to communicatively couple the
21
computing device with the processing unit 106. In another illustrative embodiment, the
communication unit can include any or a combination of Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth,
and Li-Fi, optical fibre, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), and ZigBee. In yet another
illustrative embodiment, information pertaining to the pollution monitoring for heavy duty and
light weight vehicles can be collected and transmitted to RTO with help of processing unit 106
like Arduino or raspberry-pi for tracking the vehicle emitting UBHC in large amount and
increasing the pollution.
[0096] In an illustrative embodiment, the device can include a control unit operatively
coupled with the processing unit and the one or more illuminating devices, and configured to
receive the set of alarm signals, and a data pertaining to the concentrations of the one or more
pollutants, and temperature and pressure parameters associated with the exhaust gases. The
control unit can be the dashboard 302.
[0097] In an illustrative embodiment, the first set of sensors and the second set of sensors can
be configured at a predetermined position in the vehicle, where the predetermined position can
include any or a combination of exhaust, smoke pipe, silencer, turbo compressor, particulate
filter and diesel engine of the vehicle.
[0098] Thus, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the diagrams,
schematics, illustrations, and the like represent conceptual views or processes illustrating
systems and methods embodying this invention. The functions of the various elements shown in
the figures may be provided through the use of dedicated hardware as well as hardware capable
of executing associated software. Similarly, any switches shown in the figures are conceptual
only. Their function may be carried out through the operation of program logic, through
dedicated logic, through the interaction of program control and dedicated logic, or even
manually, the particular technique being selectable by the entity implementing this invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art further understand that the exemplary hardware, software,
processes, methods, and/or operating systems described herein are for illustrative purposes and,
thus, are not intended to be limited to any particular named.
[0099] While embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it
will be clear that the invention is not limited to these embodiments only. Numerous
modifications, changes, variations, substitutions, and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled
in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as described in the claim.
22
[00100] In the foregoing description, numerous details are set forth. It will be apparent,
however, to one of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure, that the present
invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known
structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, to avoid obscuring
the present invention.
[00101] As used herein, and unless the context dictates otherwise, the term "coupled to" is
intended to include both direct coupling (in which two elements that are coupled to each other
contact each other) and indirect coupling (in which at least one additional element is located
between the two elements). Therefore, the terms "coupled to" and "coupled with" are used
synonymously. Within the context of this document terms "coupled to" and "coupled with" are
also used euphemistically to mean “communicatively coupled with” over a network, where two
or more devices are able to exchange data with each other over the network, possibly via one or
more intermediary device.
[00102] It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that many more modifications besides
those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The
inventive subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the spirit of the appended
claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be
interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. In particular, the terms
“comprises” and “comprising” should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or
steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps
may be present, or utilized, or combined with other elements, ` components, or steps that are not
expressly referenced.
[00103] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and
further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope
thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not
limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a
person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with
information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.
23
ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[00104] The present disclosure provides a device, that helps in checking pollution constituents
of exhaust of the vehicle
[00105] The present disclosure provides a device, that is not machine fixed and easily attached
to existing machines.
[00106] The present disclosure provides a device, that alert vehicle owner or driver for
increased pollution caused by their respective vehicles.
[00107] The present disclosure provides a device, that aids RTO in identifying vehicles
emitting un burnt hydrocarbon in excess and increasing pollution.
[00108] The present disclosure provides a device, that helps in keeping environment clean and
pollution free.
[00109] The present disclosure provides a device, that includes sensors of less weight.
[00110] The present disclosure provides an innovative, safe, less heavy, device for pollution
monitoring for heavy duty and light weight vehicles.

We Claim:

1. A pollution monitoring device for vehicle, the device comprises of:
A first set of sensors configured to detect a first set of parameters of a vehicle, and
correspondingly generate a first set of signals,
a second set of sensors to detect a second set of parameters of the vehicle, and
correspondingly generate a second set of signals,
a processing unit operatively coupled with the first set of sensors and the second
set of sensors, and wherein the processing unit comprises of one or more processors
coupled with a memory, the memory storing instructions executable by the one or more
processors and configured to:
extract a third set of signals and a fourth set of signals from the first set of
signals and second set of signals respectively, wherein the third set of signals
pertain to concentrations of one or more pollutants present in exhaust gases
emitted by the vehicle, and the fourth set of signals pertain to temperature and
pressure parameters associated with exhaust gases of the vehicle;
compare the extracted concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and
temperature and pressure parameters with a data set, wherein the data set
comprises predefined limit ranges, and
generate a set of alarm signals, when at least one of the extracted
concentrations of one or more pollutants, and temperature and pressure
parameters are beyond the predefined limit ranges; and
one or more illuminating devices operatively coupled with the processing unit,
wherein at least one of the one or more illuminating devices is illuminated in response to
the generated set of alarm signals.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first set of sensors comprises any or a
combination of lambda sensor, mass airflow sensor, and Universal Exhaust Gas Oxygen
sensor (UEGO), Carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor, Carbon monoxide (CO) sensor,
Hydrocarbon (HC) detector, Sulphur dioxide (SO2) sensor, Nitrous dioxide (N2O)
sensor, Hydrogen dioxide (H2O) sensor, and Particulate Matter (PM) sensor
25
3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second set of sensors comprise any or a
combination of Particulate Filter Temperature sensor, temperature sensor, pressure
sensor, Exhaust gas pressure sensor, turbo compressor temperature sensor.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device comprises a control unit operatively
coupled with the processing unit and the one or more illuminating devices, and
configured to receive the set of alarm signals, and a data pertaining to the concentrations
of the one or more pollutants, and temperature and pressure parameters associated with
the exhaust gases.
5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more illuminating devices comprise
any or a combination of light emitting diode(LED), red led, green led, orange led, and
yellow led.
6. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device is configured to communicatively
couple with a computing device, and transmit the set of alert signals, and the data
pertaining to the concentrations of the one or more pollutants, and temperature and
pressure parameters associated with the exhaust gases to the computing device.
7. The device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the computing device comprises any or a
combination of cell phone, laptop, palmtop, I pad, and tablet.
8. The device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the device comprises of a communication unit
operatively coupled with the processing unit, and configured to communicatively couple
the computing device with the processing unit.
9. The device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the communication unit comprises any or a
combination of Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, and Li-Fi, optical fiber, Wireless
Local Area Network (WLAN), and ZigBee.
10. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first set of sensors and the second set of
sensors is configured at a predetermined position in the vehicle, wherein the
predetermined position comprises any or a combination of exhaust, smoke pipe, silencer,
turbo compressor, particulate filter and diesel engine of the vehicle.