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Positive Electrode Active Material For Lithium Secondary Battery Comprising Lithium Cobalt Oxide For High Voltage And Method For Preparing Same

Abstract: The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery the active material comprising a dopant and having a crystalline structure in which metal oxide layers (MO layers) comprising metals and oxygen and reversible lithium layers are repeatedly stacked wherein in a lattice configured by oxygen atoms of the MO layers adjacent to each other the dopant and/or lithium ions move from octahedral sites to tetrahedral sites at the time of charge thereby forming a lithium trap and/or lithium dumbbell structure.

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Patent Information

Application #
Filing Date
26 July 2018
Publication Number
03/2019
Publication Type
INA
Invention Field
ELECTRICAL
Status
Email
Parent Application
Patent Number
Legal Status
Grant Date
2023-04-11
Renewal Date

Applicants

LG CHEM, LTD.
128, Yeoui-daero Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07336

Inventors

1. PARK, Sung Bin
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34122
2. PARK, Young Uk
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34122
3. PARK, Ji Young
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34122
4. LEE, Bo Ram
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34122
5. JO, Chi Ho
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122
6. CHOI, Young Cheol
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122
7. HUR, Hyuck
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122
8. JUNG, Wang Mo
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122

Specification

This application claims the benefit of priority based on dated Korea Patent Application No. 10-2016-0116951 September 2016 and April, all information disclosed in the literature of the Korea patent application are included as part of the specification. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing the same and a lithium secondary battery positive electrode active material including a lithium cobalt oxide for high voltage. [Background Art] The rapidly increasing demand for secondary batteries as an energy source, as the technical development and demand for mobile devices increases, and can, in such a secondary battery shows a high energy density and operating potential, a long cycle life, self-discharge rate is low lithium secondary battery It is commercially available and widely used. In addition, research on electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles to replace vehicles that use fossil fuels, such as a gasoline car, diesel car of the main causes of air pollution in accordance with the interest in environmental issues grows progress much . As a power source, such as those electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, but mainly nakel hydrogen metal secondary battery is being used, is being studied to use a lithium secondary battery of high energy density and discharge voltage actively, and some commercialization. Typically, the shaped surface of the battery is high, the demand for prismatic secondary batteries or pouch type secondary battery which can be applied to products such as a mobile phone, a small thickness, the material surface in with the advantages of high energy density, discharge voltage, output stability the high demand for lithium secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries, lithium ion polymer batteries. A cathode material of the present lithium secondary battery is LiCo0 2 , Ternary (NMC / NCA), LiMn0 4 , LiFeP0 4 is used and the like. LiCo in double ( if ¾ and high price of cobalt, there is low capacity at the same voltage problems than the ternary system, there is a usage of such ternary increasingly to high capacity secondary battery. However, LiCo0 2 of case, it is excellent in various physical properties such as high density and rolled, a number used to excellent electrochemical properties such as high cycle performance to date. However, LiCo ( ¾ is a charge-discharge current as low as about 150 mAh / g, more than 4.3V the voltage has a problem that the crystal structure is unstable, reducing the service life characteristics. In particular, when a high voltage applied for the development of high-capacity secondary batteries, LiCo0 2 as the Li amount of the increase is by a due to the portion banung of the electrolyte to increase the potential of the surface instability and structural instability gas generation, ignition or swelling phenomenon the stability that occurs is reduced there is a problem in that the lifetime characteristics degrade rapidly. To solve this problem, the LiCo0 2 is doped or coated with a metal such as Al, Ti, Mg, Zr on the surface of the methods commonly used. However, this, and the phase change can be generated, and even if a coating layer made of the metal, a problem, which by interfering with the movement of the to-charge and discharge Li ion, can degrade the performance of the secondary battery, even when doped with the metal have. Thus, through the conventional doping / coating method it is capable of stable oxidation / reduction banung up to about 4.45V, and in more than 4.5V is required which is different from traditional approaches. Thus, a situation, the need for development to secure structural stability of lithium cobalt oxide-based positive electrode active material in which a high voltage without lowering the performance high. [Detailed Description of the Invention] [SUMMARY] An object of the present invention is to solve the technical problem, which has been requested from the problems, and of the prior art. The inventors of the present application are at the end of extensive research and various experiments in depth, as will be described later, lithium cobalt: 巨 oxide particles MO layer comprising a particular element as a dopyeon agent and containing a metal and oxygen (metal oxide layer ) and reversible lithium layer (lithium layer) is in the crystal structure that is repeatedly stacked in from the dopyeon agent or lithium followed by a floor display octa head LAL (octahedral) positions See the tetra head LAL (tetrahedral) where lithium trap and / or In forming the lithium dumbbell (dumbbell) structure, that exhibits the desired effect of OK, thus completing the present invention. [Technical Solution] Accordingly, lithium cobalt cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery including the oxide particles according to the present invention, the lithium cobalt oxide particles as dopyeon agent including at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Nb, Zr, Ti, Mo and V and; The lithium cobalt oxide particles, and has a reversible lithium charging (lithium layer) determines that are stacked in a repetitive structure that MO layer (metal oxide layer) and layer discharge when lithium ions are moved reversibly comprising a metal and oxygen; The dopyeon agent and / or lithium ions, mutually adjacent in the grid that forms the oxygen element of the MO layer, by moving from octanoic head LAL (octahedral) positions when filled with tetra head LAL (tetrahedral) where lithium trap (trap) and / or it characterized in that it forms a lithium dumbbell (dumbbell) structure. Generally, when using a lithium cobalt oxide as the positive electrode active material at high voltages, a large amount of lithium ions are released from the crystal structure defect as lithium cobalt oxide particle, is unstable defined crystal structure collapses, there is a problem that this reversibility is decreased. In addition to this, the lithium ions are Co present in lithium cobalt oxide particle surface in the released state 3+ or Co 4+ when ions are to be reduced by the electrolyte, the oxygen from the crystal structure " is the desorption structure collapse is further promoted . Therefore, in order to stably use of the lithium cobalt oxide under a high voltage, even when a large amount of lithium ions are released to be its crystal structure is suppressed stably held while being banung portion of the Co ions and an electrolyte. Thus, the present invention, the lithium cobalt oxide particles followed by Mg, Nb, Zr, Ti, Mo, a dopant, such as V, and a dopant and / or lithium in the structure in which the MO layer and the reversible lithium layer are repeatedly laminated with the layer in forming the lithium trap and / or lithium dumbbell structure by going to the tetra head LAL position from the position of the display octa head butyral, metal MO layer of each cation because of its structure, tetrahydro head lithium ion LAL position, and dopant the repulsive force acts on each other, MO layers it is possible to suppress the phenomenon of relative sliding (sliding) prevent structural changes effectively. Here, the lithium trap structure, mutually adjacent claim 1 MO layer and the 2 MO cheungwa in the lattice oxygen element are forming, the lithium ions during charging as a structure in which the tetra head Central location, in this case, the metal of the 2 MO layer an effect of suppressing the lithium ions and the 1 MO caterpillars upon by the the vertical repulsive force generated between the dopant, the sliding occurs in the horizontal direction in the MO layer, the structural change and serves a sort of stopper (stopper) of the cation, tetra head Central location have. Similarly, the lithium dumbbell structure, mutually adjacent claim 1 MO layer and the 2 MO layer and a 3 MO caterpillars in the lattice oxygen element are forming, a lithium ion tetrahydro between the floor display to 1 MO layer and the 2 MO layer and the head LAL position, the second between the MO layer and a 3 MO layer and the dopyeon agent is tetra head Central location, as the second structure, based on the MO layer is a lithium ion and the dopant forming the symmetrical position, the 1 MO layer and a second MO lithium ion in the tetra head LAL position between the layers, the metal of the second MO layer cations and the second the vertical repulsive force mutually dopyeon agent in tetra head LAL position between the MO layer and a 3 MO layer generated, there is an effect that occurs during the sliding in the horizontal direction, by a sort of stopper role inhibit structural changes in the MO layer. For the understanding of the structure, it is shown the schematic diagram for the structure in FIGS. FIG When 4 and 5, the lithium cobalt oxide has a crystal structure that reversible Li ryumcheung that lithium ions during discharge MO layer and a layer which commonly comprises a metal and oxygen is reversibly moved repeatedly stacked. First, to describe the structure of the lithium trap, also when the left figure 4 with reference to Figure 5 together, in the grid area does not contain a crystalline structure dopant claim 1 MO layer, and a cobalt ion in claim 2 MO layer and the lithium layer of lithium ions all but the position of the octanoyl head Lal, first the cobalt (Co) ions are a lattice site is substituted by the dopant, such as Mg, Zr of the MO layer, a change in crystal structure occurs first MO layer and the 2 is gujora such a structure to trap the lithium and lithium followed dopyeon agent of claim 1 MO layer of a lithium layer positioned between the MO layer is moved to the head of tetra LAL position. Thus when such a structure is formed, in the city in the crystal structure of lithium cobalt oxide sliding occurs in the horizontal direction, which does not include the dopant region, so the lithium ion and Co ion of the MO layer of a lithium layer is positioned in the firing line, but the internal energy increases , so including the dopant in the portion where the lithium tram structure formed of the lithium ion of the lithium layer, a Co ion, and a dopant of claim 1 MO layer of claim 2 MO layer both positioned on a straight line such a structure, because the repulsive force between them occurs in order to maintain the internal energy to be raised so this involves, it will prevent the material is the most stable, i.e., the most of these properties by sliding to exist in a state having a lower internal energy takes place. Similarly, the lithium dumbbell structure shown in the figure right-hand side of Figure 4, the lithium trap structure and gateuna the basic forming principle, claim 1 MO layer and the second claim with the lithium ion and the second MO layer between the MO layer 3 MO layer dopyeon by bit between the movement of a head-tetrahydro LAL position, the means for configuring a lithium ion and dopyeon agent is in a symmetrical position relative to the MO layer 2. At this time, in order to clearly illustrate the position of the LAL-tetrahydro head LAL position and octanoic head is shown a schematic diagram for it in Fig. 1, the tetra-head LAL position (tetrahedral site (hole)) is a space in the center of atom clusters in the case of contact with the three atoms of the atoms of the atomic layer positioned beneath a single atom in the crystal structure , two-tetrahydro head LAL position per atom, if any, are located as close as possible of the same size atom, and the octa-head LAL position (octahedral site (hole)) is oriented 60 ° between the three atoms forming a triangle of two pairs each have contact case, refers to the space in which the cluster centers of the six atom to form a octahedral generated in said space is tetra larger than the head LAL site, when as close as possible to the same size atom location atoms per one octa head central location It is present. Therefore, lithium dumbbell structure and lithium tram structure but are both effective to inhibit metal cation, dopyeon agent and lithium ion upon each other in the slide generated per a horizontal direction to the vertical direction of the repulsion caused structural changes, in the case of Lyrium dumbbell structure, lithium Unlike the trap structure, first the repulsive force generated between the MO layer and the 2 MO layer, as well as the 2 MO layer and the at the point of forming the trap structure among 3 MO layer, the first MO layer and the 2 MO layer lithium tram structure than to excellent structural stability effect, so is more preferred. Such the dopyeon that can form the structure of the lithium or lithium dumbbell teuneun tram, in one specific example, the lithium cobalt of the cobalt oxide particles 0.001 to 1 by weight based on the content of 0 can be included as a /., But, more specifically, to improve the cheungbun high voltage stability while maintaining the amount of Co increased capacity, so as to obtain an excellent active material in energy surface, the the content of the dopant is in the range of 0.01% to 0.3 0 / 0 may be included in, specifically, 0.02 wt. 0 / 0 to 0.2 parts by weight 0 / 0 it may be included in, and more particularly, 0.02 0 / 0 to 0.1 It may be included by weight percent. If, when out of the range the dopyeon bit αοοι% by weight less than the proportion of dopyeon bit too small in the positive electrode active material particle, it can not fulfill the structure described above, almost no effect of improving the structural stability of the active material, on the other on the other hand, this, problems that the higher the percentage of the dopant in the anode active material particles too, but rather to decrease the output characteristics can lead to degradation of the lithium movement is reduced relative to the positive electrode active material sought overall capacity if it exceeds 1% by weight have. On the other hand, the structure and lithium Lyrium tram dumbbell structure can be formed differently depending on the type of a particular bit contained dopyeon. In one specific example, the dopyeon teuneun and including at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Nb, Zr and V, it is possible to form a trap lithium and lithium dumbbell structure. In addition, the dopant may include at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Nb, Zr, Ti, Mo and V, it is possible to form the lithium tram structure. The formation of the structure according to the type of dopyeon agent as described above will be described in more detail in the following Experimental Example 1. In order to further improve the structural stability of the lithium cobalt oxide from the results described above, and as the dopant lithium cobalt oxide particles according to the present invention more preferably comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Nb, Zr and V , may be more specifically, the dopyeon agent is Mg and / or Zr. On the other hand, in the secondary battery, the positive electrode active material according to the present invention, when as the average radius (r) of the lithium cobalt oxide particles, dopyeon agent concentration in the particle surface ~ 0.9 * r in the outer bulk is inside the center 0.9 * r ~ particles than the dopant concentration of the bulk It may be relatively high. In one example, the positive electrode active material according to the invention may comprise Mg as dopyeon agent contained in the lithium cobalt oxide particles, the Mg concentration of the outer bulk can be relatively high than the Mg concentration in the bulk. In another example, the positive electrode active material according to the invention may comprise Mg and Zr as the dopant contained in the lithium cobalt oxide particles, is outside the bulk Zr is included mainly and which is Mg is contained mainly in the inner bulk, outer Zr has a bulk density can be relatively high than the Mg concentration in the bulk. . Therefore, when manufacturing a secondary battery, the positive electrode active material of the present invention according to the manufacturing method of a lithium cobalt oxide particle surface ~~ 0.9 * r of the dopyeon agent concentration of the outer bulk 0.9 * r ~ the center of the particle. The inner bulk when preparing to relatively many more dopyeon agent concentration, it is possible to prevent the sliding phenomenon of the outer bulk and ΜΟ layer of dopyeon root surface at least 4.5 V charged condition included in an appropriate ratio in the inner bulk better of the positive electrode active material It provides an effect of further improving the reliability. When a high voltage above 4.5 V, LiCo0 2 surface may be Li almost remains extremely easy transition to phase 01 does not. Therefore, in order to prevent the phase transition, and needs to strengthen the surface, so that it is necessary to set the dopant concentration of the outer bulk higher than the dopant concentration in the bulk. If the median particle size (D50) is too small, the particles produced eoryeoeul Not only, is not preferred because the crystal structure of the present invention may be incomplete, too large contrary, the rolling density of the electrode made up of the particles is not good bars and undesirable. The lithium cobalt oxide particle according to the invention the median particle size (D50) of 5 microns may be about 25 micrometers, specifically 10 micrometers to 25 micrometers, more particularly from 15 micrometers to 20 micrometers one can. At least one is further, and even the dopant addition further to stabilize the crystal structure of Ca, Al, Sb, at least one selected from the group consisting of Si, and Zn, and more particularly, selected from the group consisting of Ca, Al, and Sb It may further include a metal have. In addition, the lithium cobalt oxide particles can be coated with additional chemical agent protection, protection chemistries may be at least one of metals, oxides, phosphates and fluorides, and the metal is selected from Mg, Nb, Zr, Ti, Mo, at least one of V, Zn, Si, and Al may be at least. The protection chemistries are solution phase banung, mechanical grinding, the solid phase using banung the like can be coated on a lithium cobalt oxide particle, by reducing the rate at which for layer discharge of the battery leak the electrolyte and the lithium cobalt oxide particles in the membrane banung anode it is possible to suppress the expansion or loss of capacity caused by banung of the active coating. At this time, the amount of the chemical to be coated for protection in the lithium cobalt oxide particles is 0.02 0 / 0 to 0.8 parts by weight 0 / 0 , and may be a thickness of 30 nm to 250 nm. 0.02 0 / 0, and contains less than, or when the thickness of the formation is less than 30 nm provides effects desired ¾, when formed in excess of 0.8 wt% or exceeding 250 nm is not preferable, the output characteristics of the battery is reduced, . According to the inventors of the present invention is verified, the content of the protective chemicals 0.02 0 / 0 to lead 6 by weight 0 / 0 , specifically 0.03 0 / 0 to 0.4 parts by weight 0 / 0 , and more particularly 0.04 wt. 0 / 0 at% to 0.1% by weight was confirmed to be excellent in chemical stability of the lithium cobalt oxide particles according to the present invention. Further, it is the thickness of the protection chemistries, 30 nm to 200 nm, detail If 30nm to 185nm, and more particularly, 30nm to 150nm, it was confirmed that the desired output characteristics for the expression. The invention also provides a method of manufacturing the secondary battery, the positive electrode active material, and the production method, (A) The process of firing after the combined wave the cobalt precursor and a lithium precursor and a first doping precursor synthesized first doping particles; (B) the process of coating a second dopant precursor to the surface of the first doped particles; (C) lithium cobalt oxide by heating the coated particles, a first doping The process of synthesizing a second doping particles are particles; It characterized in that it comprises a. That is, as in the above, the lithium cobalt oxide particles according to the present invention can be produced through the two doping process proceeds sequentially, in particular, heunhap from the precursor step by a suitable amount of the first doping precursor, fired by the dopant is a lithium cobalt oxide particle including substituted first doping particles, and a salt containing the appropriate amounts of dopants applied to the surface of the first doped particles coated with a second doping precursor on the surface of the first doped particles then, through a process of heat treatment to produce a second doping particles it can be produced a lithium-cobalt oxide particles according to the present invention. The manufacturing method common combined in an air atmosphere the cobalt precursor and a lithium precursor and a dopant precursor primary firing, and after the second doping precursor coating, and bar, cobalt precursor for synthesizing a lithium cobalt oxide particle, by secondary firing and lithium precursor and firing were combined and then a doping precursor common once with compared to the case of synthesizing a lithium cobalt oxide particle, can be maintained higher than the dopant concentration at the surface, after synthesizing a lithium cobalt oxide particle which is not doped by coating a doping precursor for sintering compared to the case in, it is more preferable in terms of exhibiting the effect of the possible synthetic bar, the desired as a dopant is uniformly distributed state to the inside particles. Herein, the cobalt precursor is a cobalt oxide, and cobalt oxide that are used in the manufacturing process according to the invention, but are the type is limited, particularly, Co 3 0 4 , CoC0 3 , Co (N0 3 ) 2 and Co (OH) 2 may be at least one selected from the group consisting of. In addition, the lithium precursor is one or not is not limited if the compound containing a lithium source, particularly, Li 2 C0 3 , LiOH, LiN0 3 , CH 3 COOLi, and Li 2 (COO) 2 is more than one selected from the group consisting of can. The doping precursor may be one or more selected from the group consisting of metal, metal oxide or metal salt for the dopant, the first dopant precursor and the second doping precursors are independently consisting of Mg, Nb, Zr, Ti, Mo, V with each other It characterized in that metal, metal oxide or metal salt comprising at least one selected from the group, and in one specific example, the first dopant precursor and the second doping precursor may be the same kind of material, different . However, the first doping precursor and the second doping precursor can exhibit excellent results both in terms of the same case, the doping effect with the inner surface of the doping effect. In other words, it can be said that when the first contribution to the structural stability due to the doping particles is large, the surface is also excellent safety due to the second doping the particles formed of the same element and the first doped particles. Therefore, it is more preferable as compared to include different dopyeon agent. On the other hand, the amount dopyeon is doped from the second doping agent precursor may be at least an amount which is doped with a dopant from the first dopant precursor. " Here, the first dopant particles produced from the first dopant precursor mainly 0.9 * r ~ particle center is located inside the bulk, a second doped second doping particles produced from the precursor mainly particles of the lithium cobalt oxide surface to 0.9 * Since the position r of the outer bulk, can be produced dopyeon agent concentration of the outer bulk of the lithium cobalt oxide relative to many more dopyeon agent concentration in the bulk. Which, by making structural changes in material layered anode, such as lithium cobalt oxide at least 4.5 V high voltage is the surface that is, outside the bulk of the lithium cobalt oxide particles since up from the surface, at a higher concentration than the inner bulk, structural changes in the surface to a stronger inhibition provides an effect of further improving the reliability. On the other hand, sintering of the procedure (a) is 900 ° C to 1100 ° at C can be carried out for 8 hours to 12 hours, the heat treatment of the process (c) is 700 ° C to 900 ° for 1 hour to 6 hours in the C It can be carried out. The process (a) and process (c) processing the or out of the range carried out at too low a temperature, too, if to be performed in a short time, not the positive electrode active material, the internal structure and surface structure of the particle is not stably formed, doping does not easily done, on the other hand, the process (a) and process (c) processing the or out of the range carried out at an excessively high temperature, when conducted for excessively long time theta is, constituting the positive electrode active material particles by changing the physical and chemical properties of the lithium cobalt oxide, but rather can cause performance degradation It is not preferable. The present invention also provides a positive electrode is prepared by coating the slurry on the current collector comprising the Title: battery positive electrode active material, conductive material and binder. The cathode is, for example, may be applied prepared the positive electrode active material, a conductive material and a binder is heunhap positive electrode mixture on a positive electrode collector, if necessary, can be further added to the positive electrode material mixture theta layer jinje . The cathode current collector is typically made of a thickness of 3 to 500, so long as having a high conductivity without causing chemical changes in the fabricated battery is not particularly limited, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, and may be one selected from among those treated with aluminum, carbon, nickel, titanium or silver on the surface of the stainless steel surface, specifically, there is an aluminum can be used. Current collector may increase the adhesive strength of the positive electrode active material to form fine irregularities on the surface thereof, films, sheets, foils, nets, porous structures, foams and non-woven fabrics and so on can take various forms. The positive electrode active material is, for example, in addition to the lithium cobalt oxide particles, lithium nickel oxide (LiNi0 2 ) layered compounds or one or more transition compounds substituted with a metal such as; Formula Li 1 + x Mn 2-x 0 4 (wherein, X is 0, 0.33), LiMn0 3 , LiMn 2 0 3 , LiMn0 2 such as lithium manganese oxides; Lithium copper oxide (Li 2 Cu0 2 ); LiV 3 O g , LiV 3 0 4 , V 2 0 5 , Cu 2 V 2 0 7 of vanadium oxide and the like; Formula LiNi 1-x M x 0 2(Here, M = Co, Mn, Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, B or Ga, x = 0.01 ~ 0.3 Im) Ni site type lithium nickel oxide which is represented by; Formula LiMn 2 X M X 0 2 (where, M = Co, Ni, Fe, Cr, and Zn, or Ta, x = 0.01 ~ 0.1 Im) or 1 2 [¾] 0 8 (where = ^ 0), 1 , 01, or Zn) of lithium manganese complex oxide which is represented by; Some of the formula LiMn Li is substituted with alkaline earth metal ion 2 0 4 ; Disulfide compounds; Fe 2 (Mo0 4 ) 3 can be included and the like, but is not limited to these. Based on the total weight of common compound including the cathode active material with the conductive material it is typically added at 0.1 to 30% by weight. This conductive material so long as it has suitable conductivity without causing chemical changes in the fabricated battery is not particularly limited, for example, graphite such as natural graphite or artificial hokyeon; Carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black and thermal black Carbon black and the like; Conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metallic fibers; Metal such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, nickel powder, powder; Conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; Poly is a conductive material such as phenylene derivative may be used. The binder contained in the positive electrode is a component assisting in binding to the total binding and the home, such as the active material and the conductive material is commonly added in a common compound in the total weight including the cathode active material to 0.1 to 30% by weight, based on. Examples of the binder include polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl alkoeul, Woods (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, an ethylene a selreul Woods, polyvinyl into Woods, playing selreul as a pyrrolidone, tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, carboxymethylcellulose selreul , polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), sulfonated EPDM, styrene-butadiene rubber, fluoro rubber and various copolymers and the like. The present invention also provides a secondary battery comprising the positive electrode and the negative electrode and an electrolyte. The secondary battery has its kind may be a lithium secondary battery, such as is not particularly limited, as a specific example, high energy density, discharge voltage, a lithium-ion battery with the advantages of an output stability and a lithium ion polymer battery. " In general, the lithium secondary battery consists of a cathode, an anode, a separator, and a lithium salt-containing non-aqueous electrolyte. ' Hereinafter, a description will be given of the other components of the lithium secondary battery. The anode is fabricated by applying and drying a negative active material on a negative electrode current collector and, if necessary, may be included as further optional ingredients such as described above. The anode current collector is generally fabricated to have a thickness of 3 to 500 micrometers. The anode current collector on if not particularly limited, for example, the surface of example, copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, copper or stainless steel has suitable conductivity without causing chemical changes in the fabricated battery. surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver, and aluminum-cadmium alloys. Also Similar to the cathode current collector, to form fine irregularities on the surface may enhance the bonding strength between the negative electrode active material, films, sheets, foils, nets, porous structures, foams and non-woven fabrics or the like can be used in various forms. The cathode active material is, for example, I carbon such as graphitized carbon, perhaps based carbon; Li x Fe 2 O 3 (0≤x≤l), Li x WO 2 (0 Co 3 0 4 8.19g, Li 2 C0 3 and then the combined common 3.74g, 1000 in the exposed ° to prepare a lithium cobalt oxide by baking at C for 10 hours. Co 3 0 4 8.19g, Li 2 C0 3 3.74g, 1000ppm and Al (Al source: A1 2 0 3 ) then the combined common, in the furnace of 1000 ° calcined at C for 10 hours with the A1 of the lithium cobalt oxide doped lithium cobalt oxide was prepared. In Preparative Example 2, as a dopant instead of A1 Mg: Except geotol with (Mg source MgO) prepare a lithium cobalt oxide as in Preparation 2. In Preparative Example 2, A1 instead of Ti as a dopant: (Ti source Ti0 2 with) It was prepared in the lithium cobalt oxide as in Preparation Example 2, except that. In Preparative Example 2, Zr as dopyeon agent instead of A1: (Zr source Zr0 2 was prepared and a lithium cobalt oxide as in Preparation Example 2, except for using). In the commercial preparation 2, as a dopant A1 instead of Nb (Nb source: Nb 2 0 5 ) was prepared, and a lithium cobalt oxide as in Preparation Example 2, except for using. In Preparative Example 2, as dopyeon agent A1 instead of Ta (Ta source: Ta 2 0 5 ) was prepared, and a lithium cobalt oxide as in Preparation Example 2, except for using. In Preparative Example 2, A1 instead of Mo as a dopant: (Mo source Mo0 3 , except that a) to prepare a lithium cobalt oxide as in Preparation 2. In Preparative Example 2, as a dopant instead of W A1: (W source W0 3 was prepared, and a lithium cobalt oxide as in Preparation Example 2, except for using). In Preparative Example 2, A1 instead of V (V source: V as dopyeon bit 2 0 5 ) and the lithium cobalt oxide as in Preparation Example 2, except for using to prepare. In Preparative Example 2, instead of A1 as the dopant Mn: (Mn source Mn0 2 , except that a) to prepare a lithium cobalt oxide as in Preparation 2. Using the lithium-cobalt oxide prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 11 as a positive electrode active material, which was used as a natural hokyeon PVdF as a binder and a conductive material. The positive electrode active material: binder: a conductive material in the weight ratio 96: 2: gave mix well in NMP such that the 2 was applied to the A1 foil of a thickness of 20 130 ° of the positive electrode and dried at C was prepared. The cathode is a lithium foil, EC: DMC: DEC = 1 : 2: 1 of a 1M LiPF the solvent 6 using an electrolytic solution containing a coin cell to prepare a half. Thus jeonhamyeonseo layer to 4.48V with 1.0C The prepared coin-cell was shown in Figure 2 to Figure 3 to measure the energy generated to generate lithium tram dumbbell structure or structures, as the coin-1.0C cells identically prepared 4.60V be measured by the generated energy to generate a lithium tram structure or dumbbell structure while charging 2 to 3 are shown together. To Figure 2 when, because of the value of the generated energy is negative, if the inclusion of Mg, Zr, Nb, V as dopyeon agent to the lithium cobalt oxide particles, can be seen to be the Lyrium dumbbell structure naturally formed under a 4.6 V high voltage have. Also, Referring to Figure 3, because generation energy is negative gapol of cases, the inclusion of Mg, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, V as dopants in the lithium cobalt oxide particles, formed of a lithium trap structure is naturally under a 4.6 V high voltage it can be seen that. Here, 2 and 3 together, and said dopant of Mg, Zr, Nb, V are generated because energy of the trap structure and lithium dumbbell structure that both of a negative value under a high voltage of 4.6V and more preferably, especially , Mg and Zr it can be seen that the most desirable element deulim to form, since the structure of the most a large negative value at each lithium dumbbell structure and lithium tram structure. Here, the structure generated energy is calculated using the VASP (Vienna Ab initio Simulation Program), f nctional DFT uses the PBE, Pseudo-potential uses PAW-PBE. In addition, cut-off energy is calculated as 500 eV. Mg of 0.04 by weight based on the total weight of the lithium cobalt oxide particles 0 / 0 so that the Co 3 0 4 8.19g, Li 2 C0 3 3.74g, and Mg 400 ppm: 1000 after the combined wave the (MgO Mg source), no ° by the first calcined for 10 hours at C at a concentration of 400 ppm in the inner bulk of the lithium cobalt oxide to prepare a lithium cobalt oxide is doped with Mg. Then, 1.5 times (0.06 parts by weight of the content of the doping to form the coating layer in the manufactured lithium cobalt oxide Mg 0 / 0 to A) was coated with the combined dry-common with the lithium cobalt oxide particles salt containing Zr 600 ppm after that, the furnace 800 ° to C for 4 hours in the secondary firing, to thereby prepare a Zr concentration of the positive electrode active material is doped with 600 ppm of the outer bulk. Such that Mg is 0.06% by weight based on the total weight of the lithium cobalt oxide particles, Co 3 0 4 8.19g, Li 2 C0 3 3.74g, Mg, and 600 ppm: The combined wave the (Mg source MgO), 1000 of the furnace. ° C in the lithium cobalt oxide is doped with Mg at a concentration of 600 ppm in the inner bulk of the lithium cobalt oxide was prepared by calcining for 10 hours first. 0.66-fold (0.04 parts by weight of the amount of doped Mg to form a coating layer on the lithium cobalt oxide prepared 0 / 0 The combined salt containing Mg 400ppm that a) dry common with lithium cobalt oxide particle coating, the furnace 800 ° at C and fired for 4 hours to prepare a second Mg-doped at a concentration of 400 ppm the positive electrode active material in the outer bulk. Mg a lithium cobalt oxide particles, 0.06 parts by weight based on the total weight 0 / 0 so that the Co 3 0 4 8.19g, Li 2 C0 3 and then the combined common 3.74g, Mg, and 600 ppm, of the furnace. 1000 ° and calcined at C for 10 hours first to the inner bulk of the lithium cobalt oxide to prepare a lithium cobalt oxide is doped with Mg at a concentration of 600 ppm. 0.66-fold (0.04 parts by weight of the amount of doped Mg to form a coating layer on the lithium cobalt oxide prepared 0 / 0 The combined salt containing Zr 400 ppm so that a) dry common with the lithium cobalt oxide particles coated, furnace at 800 ° to the second firing for 4 hours at C to thereby prepare a positive electrode active material is doped with a Zr concentration of 400 ppm in the outer bulk. Mg a lithium cobalt oxide particles, 0.04 parts by weight based on the total weight 0 / 0 so that the Co 3 0 4 8.19g, Li 2 C0 3 and then the combined common 3.74g, 400 ppm, and Mg, in a furnace 1000 ° at C for 10 hours at a concentration of 400 ppm in the inner bulk of the lithium cobalt oxide to primary firing, to thereby prepare a lithium cobalt oxide is doped with Mg. 1.5 (0.06 by weight of the amount of doped Mg to form a coating layer on the lithium cobalt oxide prepared 0 / 0 The combined salt containing Mg 600ppm that a) dry common with lithium cobalt oxide particle coating, the furnace 800 ° at C for 4 hours, the second fired to prepare a Mg-doped at a concentration of 600 ppm the positive electrode active material in the outer bulk. It was used as the lithium cobalt oxide of Preparation Example 3 as the positive electrode active material. Example 1, which was used as a natural hokyeon PVdF and a conductive material as the positive electrode active material 2 and the comparative particles, the binder prepared in Example 1. The positive electrode active material: binder: a conductive material in the weight ratio 96: 2: gave mix well in NMP such that the 2 was applied to the A1 foil of a thickness of 20 130 ° of the positive electrode and dried at C was prepared. The cathode is a lithium foil, EC: DMC: DEC = 1 : 2: 1 of a 1M LiPF the solvent 6 using an electrolytic solution containing a coin cell to prepare a half. The half coin cells prepared in this manner, 45 ° to the upper limit voltage by 4.5V in C 30 cycles were measured progress when the capacity maintenance rate. The results are shown in Table 1 and Fig. <표 1> As compared with the case using the lithium cobalt oxide of said Referring to Table 1, Example 1. In the case of the undoped comparison to 4. Example 1, though the high voltage condition of 4.5V after the block to obtain 30 cycles, the capacity maintenance rate is 90% or more can be found to maintain the high performance, This dopyeon bit formed in the outer bulk of the lithium cobalt oxide particles inhibit the collapse of the crystal structure from the outer surface, and a dopant formed in the bulk on the surface of the particles in the lithium ions are released state to Co 4+ liver, following the electrolyte solution by suppressing portion banung the crystal structure is due to reliably maintained. On the other hand, in Examples 1 and 4. For, since the concentration of the dopant included in the outer bulk is higher than the concentration of the dopant included in the inner bulk, compared to the case of embodiment of the opposite configuration examples 2 and 3 above 4.5 V cheungjeon it may further increase the stability surface under the condition, it can be confirmed that the capacity maintenance rate after 30 cycles to better than 95%. In addition, when comparing the examples 1 and 4, when the same element doped in the inner bulk and outer bulk, it can be seen it has a more excellent effect compared with the case of doping with other elements. Above it has been described with reference to an embodiment of the present invention, Those of knowledge in the field of ventilating ^ belong to the present invention will be possible to carry out a variety of applications and modifications within the scope of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims. [Industrial Applicability] As described above, the " positive electrode active material particles according to the invention, the lithium cobalt oxide particles MO layer comprising a particular element as a dopant and including the metal and oxygen (metal oxide layer) and the reversible lithium layer (lithium layer) in the crystal structure, which are stacked in this repeatedly said dopyeon agent or a lithium ion forms a charging octa head LAL (octahedral) to position moved from a tetracarboxylic head LAL (tetrahedral) where lithium trap and / or lithium dumbbell (dumbbell) structure Thereby, there is an effect that the structure change in the particle surface is suppressed, improving the life characteristic at a high temperature while still determined in the release of a large amount of lithium ion structure can be stably maintained. Claim Lithium cobalt oxide as the cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery comprises particles, and wherein the lithium cobalt oxide particles comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Nb, Zr, Ti, Mo and V as a dopant; The lithium cobalt oxide particles, and has a reversible lithium layer (lithium layer) determines that are stacked in a repetitive structure moving in a reversible MO layer (metal oxide layer) and when layer discharge lithium followed by including the metal and oxygen; The dopant and / or a lithium, following are mutually adjacent in the grid that forms the oxygen element of the MO layer, to move from the floor display octa head LAL (octahedral) positions tetra head LAL (tetrahedral) where lithium trap (trap) and / or lithium dumbbell (dumbbell) by forming the structure, the positive electrode active material, characterized in that to provide a structural stability at a high voltage 4.5 V or more. [Claim 2] The method of claim 1, wherein the dopant is a positive electrode, characterized in that contains, based on the total weight of the lithium cobalt oxide particles in οοι to 1% by weight of active material. [Claim 3] The method of claim 1, wherein the lithium trap structure, mutually adjacent first ΜΟ layer and the second in the grid to make up the oxygen element of ΜΟ layer, a positive electrode, characterized in that the lithium ions during charging structure in tetra head Central Location active. [Claim 4] The method of claim 1, wherein the lithium dumbbell structure, mutually adjacent first ΜΟ chunggwa claim 2 ΜΟ layer, and a third in the grid to make up the oxygen element of ΜΟ layer, layer display I] 1 between ΜΟ layer and to 2 ΜΟ layer lithium ion is in the tetra-head LAL position, the dopants between the 2 ΜΟ layer and a 3 ΜΟ layer according to tetrahydro head Central location, I 1 2 that the lithium ions and the dopant based on the ΜΟ layer structure forming a symmetrical position the positive electrode active material according to claim. [5.] The method of claim 1, wherein the dopyeon teuneun Mg, Nb, Zr and may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of V, the positive electrode comprises a lithium and lithium tram dumbbell structure active material. [6.] In the low 1 1, wherein the dopant is a positive electrode comprising the, lithium tram structure and including at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Nb, Zr, Ti, Mo, and V the active material. [Claim 7] The method of claim 1, wherein when as the average radius (r) of the lithium cobalt oxide particles, dopyeon agent concentration in the outer bulk particle surface ~ 0.9 * r is more than 0.9 * dopyeon agent concentration of r ~ particle center of the inner bulk relatively cathode active material in the high-characterized. [8.] The method of claim 7, wherein the dopant is Mg, and the anode, characterized in that the Mg concentration in the outer bulk is relatively higher than the Mg concentration in the bulk active material. [9.] The method of claim 7, wherein the dopyeon teuneun and Mg and Zr, is outside the bulk Zr is included mainly and which is Mg is contained mainly within the bulk of the external bulk: the Zr concentration is relatively higher than the Mg concentration in the bulk the positive electrode active material according to claim. [Claim 10] The method of claim 1, wherein each of the cation of a metal of the MO layer, tetra head lithium LAL position, and dopyeon bit due to the repulsive forces acting on each other, the lithium tram or lithium dumbbell structures MO layers relative sliding (sliding) phenomenon inhibition by the positive electrode active material, characterized in that to suppress the change in the structure. [11.] According to claim 1, wherein the lithium cobalt oxide particles as dopyeon bit further Ca, Al, and the positive electrode active material according to claim 1, further including at least one selected from the group consisting of Sb. [Claim 12] The method of claim 1, wherein the lithium cobalt oxide particles are coated with additional protective chemical agent, The protection chemicals is the positive electrode active material, characterized in that at least one of a metal, oxide, phosphate and fluoride. [13.] The method of claim 12, wherein the protection chemistries lead 02 increased to 0.8% by weight 0 / 0, the positive electrode characterized in that the contained active material. [14.] The method of claim 12, wherein the protection chemicals is the positive electrode active material, characterized in that a thickness of 30 nm to 250 nm. [15.] The method of claim 1, wherein the lithium cobalt oxide particles, the median particle size (D50) is the cathode active material, characterized in that from 5 micrometers to 25 micrometers. [16.] As the first method for producing a lithium cobalt oxide particle of the positive electrode active material according to any one of the claims, (A) The process of firing after the combined wave the cobalt precursor and a lithium precursor and a first doping precursor synthesized first doping particles; (B) the process of coating a second dopant precursor to the surface of the first doped particles; And (c) ' the process of synthesizing a second doping particles of the lithium cobalt oxide particles by heating the first doping particles of the coating; A method characterized in that it comprises a. [17.] 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the first doping precursor and the second doping precursors are independently the Mg, Nb, Zr, Ti, Mo and the metal, metal oxide or metal salt comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of V from each other manufacturing method according to claim. [18.] The method of claim 17, wherein the first precursor and the doped second doping precursor production process, characterized in that the same kind of material. [19.] The method of claim 17, wherein the first precursor and the doped second doping precursor production process, characterized in that the type of the material different. [20.] In the second method of producing the positive electrode dopyeon bit amount, characterized in that at least the amount of the dopant doped from the first doped active material precursor it is doped from the dopant precursor to claim 16. [21.] 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the firing of the process (a) is 900 ° C to 1100 ° A method as being performed in C for 8 hours to 12 hours. [22.] The method of claim 16, wherein the heat treatment in the process (c) is 700 ° C to 900 ° A method as being performed in a C for 1 hour to 6 hours.

Documents

Application Documents

# Name Date
1 201817028098-IntimationOfGrant11-04-2023.pdf 2023-04-11
1 201817028098-TRANSLATIOIN OF PRIOIRTY DOCUMENTS ETC. [26-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-26
2 201817028098-PatentCertificate11-04-2023.pdf 2023-04-11
2 201817028098-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [26-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-26
3 201817028098-REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION (FORM-18) [26-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-26
3 201817028098-PETITION UNDER RULE 137 [17-03-2023(online)].pdf 2023-03-17
4 201817028098-Written submissions and relevant documents [17-03-2023(online)].pdf 2023-03-17
4 201817028098-POWER OF AUTHORITY [26-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-26
5 201817028098-FORM-26 [03-03-2023(online)].pdf 2023-03-03
5 201817028098-FORM 18 [26-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-26
6 201817028098-FORM 1 [26-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-26
6 201817028098-Correspondence to notify the Controller [28-02-2023(online)].pdf 2023-02-28
7 201817028098-US(14)-HearingNotice-(HearingDate-03-03-2023).pdf 2023-01-30
7 201817028098-DRAWINGS [26-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-26
8 201817028098-DECLARATION OF INVENTORSHIP (FORM 5) [26-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-26
8 201817028098-8(i)-Substitution-Change Of Applicant - Form 6 [15-11-2022(online)].pdf 2022-11-15
9 201817028098-ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENTS [15-11-2022(online)].pdf 2022-11-15
9 201817028098-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [26-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-26
10 201817028098-PA [15-11-2022(online)].pdf 2022-11-15
10 201817028098.pdf 2018-08-01
11 201817028098-FER.pdf 2021-10-18
11 201817028098-OTHERS-030818.pdf 2018-08-08
12 201817028098-CLAIMS [19-02-2021(online)].pdf 2021-02-19
12 201817028098-OTHERS-030818-.pdf 2018-08-08
13 201817028098-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [19-02-2021(online)].pdf 2021-02-19
13 201817028098-Correspondence-030818.pdf 2018-08-08
14 201817028098-FER_SER_REPLY [19-02-2021(online)].pdf 2021-02-19
14 abstract.jpg 2018-08-28
15 201817028098-FORM 3 [25-01-2019(online)].pdf 2019-01-25
15 201817028098-OTHERS [19-02-2021(online)].pdf 2021-02-19
16 201817028098-Verified English translation [17-02-2021(online)].pdf 2021-02-17
17 201817028098-FORM 3 [25-01-2019(online)].pdf 2019-01-25
17 201817028098-OTHERS [19-02-2021(online)].pdf 2021-02-19
18 abstract.jpg 2018-08-28
18 201817028098-FER_SER_REPLY [19-02-2021(online)].pdf 2021-02-19
19 201817028098-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [19-02-2021(online)].pdf 2021-02-19
19 201817028098-Correspondence-030818.pdf 2018-08-08
20 201817028098-CLAIMS [19-02-2021(online)].pdf 2021-02-19
21 201817028098-FER.pdf 2021-10-18
22 201817028098-PA [15-11-2022(online)].pdf 2022-11-15
23 201817028098-ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENTS [15-11-2022(online)].pdf 2022-11-15
24 201817028098-8(i)-Substitution-Change Of Applicant - Form 6 [15-11-2022(online)].pdf 2022-11-15
25 201817028098-US(14)-HearingNotice-(HearingDate-03-03-2023).pdf 2023-01-30
26 201817028098-Correspondence to notify the Controller [28-02-2023(online)].pdf 2023-02-28
27 201817028098-FORM-26 [03-03-2023(online)].pdf 2023-03-03
28 201817028098-Written submissions and relevant documents [17-03-2023(online)].pdf 2023-03-17
29 201817028098-PETITION UNDER RULE 137 [17-03-2023(online)].pdf 2023-03-17
30 201817028098-PatentCertificate11-04-2023.pdf 2023-04-11
31 201817028098-IntimationOfGrant11-04-2023.pdf 2023-04-11

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